Session 1: APPRECIATE THE CONCEPT OF DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.

Database: A Database is an organized collection of data, it can be visualized as

a container of information.
Database Management System: DBMS is a software package with computer
programs that control the creation, maintenance, and use of a database. A
database is a collection of data and DBMS allows different user application
programs to concurrently access the same database. Examples of DBMS –
Oracle, MySQL, FoxPro, IBM DB2, Microsoft SQL Server, OpenOffice.org Base,
and Microsoft Access.
Organization of Data: Data can be organized in two ways –
1. Flat File: Data is stored in a single table. This is usually suitable for less
amount of data.
2. Relational: Data is stored in multiples tables which are linked by a
common field. This is suitable for medium to large amount of data.
Database Servers: These are dedicated computer systems that hold the
databases and run only the DBMS and related software. Databases are
available on database servers and are usually accessed through a command
line or Graphic User Interface tools [called Frontend].
Advantages of Database:
1) Reduces Data Redundancy: Database reduces data redundancy. Database
reduces Duplication of data, in fact, there is no chance to encounter duplicate
data in a database.
2) Sharing of Data: The users of the database can share the data among
themselves.
3) Data Integrity: Data integrity means that the data in the database is accurate
and consistent.
4) Data Security: Database provides data security as only authorized users are
allowed to access the database and their identities are authenticated by using a
username and password.
5) Privacy: Only authorized users can access a database according to the
database privacy constraints.
6) Backup and Recovery: DBMS automatically takes care of backup and
recovery. In case of a crash or system failure, it gets restored to its previous
condition.
Features of Database:
 The database has one or more tables.
 Each table has information about one type of item.
 Every table in a database has a key field that makes sure that there are
unique values throughout the database.
Keys in a Database:
1) Primary Key: A primary key is a unique value that identifies a row in a table.
Primary Key helps the database to quickly search for a record.
2) Composite Primary Key: When a primary key constraint is applied on one or
more columns then it is known as Composite Primary Key.
3) Foreign key: The foreign key identifies a column or set of columns in one
(referencing) table that refers to a column or set of columns in another
(referenced) table.
So here we have completed the first session of Relational Database
Management System Class 10 Notes. Let’s now move to the second session.
Read This – Entrepreneurial Skills Class 10 Notes
Relational Database Management System Class 10 Notes Session 2 -:
SESSION-2 : CREATE AND EDIT TABLES USING WIZARD & SQL COMMANDS
Database Objects:
1) Table: It is a collection of data elements (values). It consists of vertical
columns and horizontal rows where we put the required information.
2) Columns or Fields or Attributes: It is a set of data values of a particularly
simple type, one for each row of the table.
3) Rows or Records or Tuples: It represents a single data item in a table. Every
row in the table has the same structure.
This session is majorly practical. Database Management System Class 10 Notes
for term 2. The Detailed Practical for RDBMS is given below [Must Watch
NOW] –

Data Types: These are used to identify which type of data we are going to store
in the database. Data types in the OpenOffice base are broadly classified into
five categories.
1. Numeric Types
2. Alphanumeric Types
3. Binary Types
4. Date time
5. Other Variable types
Numeric Types: Used for storing information such as mobile number, roll
number, door number, etc.
Alphanumeric Types: Used to store information that has alphabets as well as
numbers for example address, book summary field, etc.
Binary Types: Used for storing data in binary formats. This can be used for
storing photos, music files, etc.
DATE TIME: Used for storing information such as date of birth, date of
admission, date of product sale, etc.
Relational Database Management System Class 10 Notes Session 3 -:
SESSION 3: PERFORM OPERATIONS ON TABLE
In the OpenOffice Base, we store data in tables that can be inserted, modified,
and removed using suitable options.
Inserting Data In The Table:
Steps to insert data in a table –
1) Select the table, Double click on it.
2) The table will open in Datasheet View.
3) Insert the required number of records in Datasheet View.
Editing Records In The Table:
Steps to Edit Records in the table –
1) Select the table, Double click on it.
2) The table will open in Datasheet View.
3) Edit the required record in Datasheet View.
Deleting Records From The Table
Steps to remove data from the table –
1) Select the table, Double click on it.
2) The table will open in Datasheet View.
3) Select the data > right click on selected data > select the Delete option
Field Properties :
Steps to set field properties –
1. Select the table > Right-click > Select the option Edit > the table will open
in Design View.
There are various properties of fields according to the data type set for each
field in the design view.
The properties of numeric type data are given below :
1) AutoValue – if set to yes then the field will get the auto numeric values.
2) AutoValue – if set to no then the field will not get the auto numeric values.
3) Length – By default length of the field is 10 but the size of the field can be
set to maximum length.
4) Default Value – A default value can be set for a field if the user doesn’t
provide any value while entering the values in the table.
5) Format – This property helps to set the format of the data entered in the
field such as 91-222-333.
Database Management System Class 10 Notes 2023-24.
The properties of character type data are shown below :
1) Entry Required – if set to yes then it will be a must to insert the value in the
field.
2) Length – By default length of the field is 10 but the size of the field can be
set to maximum length.
3) Default Value – A default value can be set for a field if the user doesn’t
provide any value while entering the values in the table.
4) Format – This property helps to set the format of the data entered in the
field such as 91-222-333.
Sorting Data :
Sorting means arranging the data in either ascending order or descending
order.
Referential Integrity :
Referential integrity is used to maintain the accuracy and consistency of data in
a relationship. In OpenOffice Base, data can be linked between two or more
tables with the help of primary key and foreign key
Referential integrity helps to avoid:
1) Adding records to a related table if there is no associated record available in
the primary key table.
2) Changing values in a primary if any dependent records are present in the
associated table(s).
3) Deleting records from a primary key table if there are any matching related
records available in the associated table(s).
Creating and Editing Relationships between Tables :
A relationship refers to an association or connection between two or more
tables. Relationships between tables help to:
1. Save time as there is no need to enter the same data in separate tables.
2. Reduce data-entry errors.
3. Summarize data from related tables.
You can create a relationship between any two tables by selecting the
Relationships option from the Tools menu.
There are three types of relationships that can be created in tables:
1) ONE to ONE Relationship: In this relationship, both the tables must have
primary key columns.
2) One to Many Relationship: In this relationship, one of the tables must have
a primary key column.
3) Many to Many Relationship: In this relationship, no tables have the primary
key column.
Remove the Relationships
The relationships applied on the tables can be removed also with the help of
the Delete option. Right, Click on the relationship thread and select the Delete
option.
Relational Database Management System Class 10 Notes Session 4 -:
SESSION 4: RETRIEVE DATA USING QUER
Queries are commands that are used to define the data structure and also to
manipulate the data in the database. A query helps us join information from
different tables and filter that information
There are two types of languages:-
1. DDL (Data Definition Language)
 2. DML (Data Manipulation Language)
Common DDL Statements are:-
1. Create :- This satement is used to create database or tables.
2. Alter :- This satement is used to modify structure of table.
3. Drop :- This satement is used to delete database objects.
Common DML Statements are:-
1. SELECT :- This satement is used to retrieves information from the
database.
2. INSERT :- This satement is used to insert new record into the database.
3. DELETE :- This satement is used for deletion of information in the
database.
4. UPDATE :- This satement is used for modification of information in the
database
Select Statement :
A SELECT statement retrieves zero or more rows from one or more
tables. SELECT is the most commonly used Data Manipulation Language(DML)
command. To retrieve all the columns in a table the syntax is SELECT * FROM
<Table Name>;
For example, if you want to display all the data from table emp (short form of
employee), the command is
Select * from emp;
The SELECT statement has many optional clauses:
1. WHERE specifies which rows to retrieve.
2. ORDER BY specifies an order in which to return the rows.
for example Select * from emp where name = “Neha”;
The above query will show the result of a particular employee named “Neha”.
Select * from emp order by Salary;
The above query will show all the records of table emp according to ascending
order of column Salary.
Enjoying these Database Management System Class 10 Notes for 2024
BOARDS? Please share them with your friends.
Performing calculations :
In Base, simple calculations can be done on the data using arithmetic
operators. Example:
1) To display the salary of all the employees after incrementing by 1000 then
the following SQL command will be executed in Base. (Fields of table Employee
are EmployeeID, FirstName, Salary)
Select “EmployeeID”, “FirstName”, “Salary” +1000 from “Employee”;
2) To display the salary of all the employees after decreasing by 10000 then the
SQL command will be:
Select “EmployeeID”, “FirstName”, “Salary” – 10000 from “Employee”;
3) To display the salary of all the employees after incrementing it as twice the
amount of present salary, then the SQL command will be.
Select “EmployeeID”, “FirstName”, “Salary” * 2 from “Employee”
Update Statement :
Update statement is used for modifying records in a database. The general
syntax of the update statement is as follows:
UPDATE <table name> SET <Column name > = value [WHERE <Condition>];
for example :
1) To increase(update) the salary of employee “Neha” by Rs 2000 (in table
Employee)then the SQL command will be:
Update Employee set Salary = Salary + 2000 Where FirstName = “Neha”;
Relational Database Management System Class 10 Notes Session 5 -:
SESSION 5: CREATE FORMS AND REPORTS USING WIZARD
FORM: A form provides the user with a systematic way of storing information
in the database. It is an interface in a user-specified layout that lets users view,
enter, and change data directly in database objects such as tables.
Creating Form Using Wizard: Steps To Create Form Using Wizard are :
1) Click Use Wizard to Create Form option under Tasks group. The Form Wizard
dialog box appears.
2) Select selective fields to be sent onto the form by selecting the field name
and clicking the > button and clicking Next.
3) Select the option Add Subform if you need to insert the contents in the table
in a separate form and click Next.
4) Arrange selected fields in a form and click Next.
5) Select the data entry mode and click Next.
6) Specify the styles to be used in the form and click Next.
7) Specify the name of the form. Click Finish.
REPORT: A report helps to display the data in a summarized manner. It is used
to generate the overall work outcome in a clear format.
Creating Reports using the wizard: Steps To Create Report Using Wizard are :
1) Click on Use Wizard to Create Report… option available under Tasks.
2) Select all the table fields by selecting the >> button.
3) Redefine the label of the fields in the reports or else you can set the default
name and click Next.
4) Define grouping for the fields of the table if required and click Next
5) Sort the field in the report by selecting the appropriate field name and
sorting method(if required) and click Next.
6) Select the layout of the report and click Next.
7) Define a name for the report and click Finish.
So by now, we have completed the Relational Database Management System
Class 10 Notes. I hope it really helped you prepare for your class 10 IT 402
exams.