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Muhammad Fadil Akbar

The document provides an overview of piston engines and turbine engines, detailing their functions, components, and operational principles. Piston engines convert high temperature and pressure into rotational motion, while turbine engines utilize a combustion chamber to create energy for mechanical motion. Turbine engines are simpler and more powerful than piston engines, offering benefits such as optimal performance at high altitudes and easier maintenance.

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Wulan Khasanah
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7 views3 pages

Muhammad Fadil Akbar

The document provides an overview of piston engines and turbine engines, detailing their functions, components, and operational principles. Piston engines convert high temperature and pressure into rotational motion, while turbine engines utilize a combustion chamber to create energy for mechanical motion. Turbine engines are simpler and more powerful than piston engines, offering benefits such as optimal performance at high altitudes and easier maintenance.

Uploaded by

Wulan Khasanah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WING PENDIDIKAN 300/TEKNIK

SKADRON PENDIDIKAN 302

Nama Muhammad Fadil Akbar


: Serda/556806
Pkt/NRP Sejusartek BMSC A-51
: Piston Engine & Turbine Engine
Sekolah
:
Mata Pelajaran
:

Piston Engine & Turbine Engine

A. Piston Engine

A reciprocating engine, also often known as a piston engine, is typically a heat engine that
uses one or more reciprocating pistons to convert high temperature and high pressure into
a rotating motion. This article describes the common features of all types. The main types
are: the internal combustion engine, used extensively in motor vehicles; the steam engine, the
mainstay of the Industrial Revolution; and the Stirling engine for niche applications. Internal
combustion engines are further classified in two ways: either a spark-ignition (SI) engine,
where the spark plug initiates the combustion; or a compression-ignition (CI) engine, where
the air within the cylinder is compressed, thus heating it, so that the heated air ignites fuel
that is injected then or earlier.

Internal combustion piston engine


Components of a typical, four-stroke cycle, internal combustion, gasoline piston engine.
1. C. Crankshaft
2. E. Exhaust camshaft
3. I. Intake camshaft

4. P. Piston
5. R. Connecting rod
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6. S. Spark plug
7. W. Water jacket for coolant flow

8. V. Valves

B. Turbine Engine

A turbine engine is a specially designed machine that is often referred to as a “Gas Turbine”. In some instances,
it is identified as a “Combustion Turbine”.
This type of engine is often classified as an “Internal Combustion Engine” due to the fact that the combustion
involving the fuel of the unit occurs when a special type of oxidizer is mixed with it in a carefully designed
combustion chamber. This chamber is considered to be a very important part of the circuit that allows for the
functionality of the engine, as a whole.

A few of the most important turbine engine parts include a rotating compressor that flows upstream, a turbine
that flows downstream and the aforementioned combustion chamber. As with most engines in today’s
world, the turbine engine is a special type of machine unit that has the capability of successfully converting
energy into a type of mechanical-based motion for the purpose and intent of providing power and/or
functionality to a special device, such as helicopters, relatively small power plants, jets, and tanks.

How does A Turbine Engine Work?

In a turbine engine, energy is created and added into the stream of gas that is present inside of the component of
the engine known as the “Combustor”. It is in this region that the components of air and fuel are thoroughly
mixed. When this mixture is successful, it is then ignited.
There is an excessive amount of pressure within the combustor. As a result, the fuel experiences higher levels of
combustion and the overall temperature of the turbine engine parts is increased drastically.

Once the temperature increases within the engine, the mixture is then forced into what is called the “Turbine
Section”. It is at this point that the gas flow starts to move in high volumes and at an exceptionally fast rate of
speed. It is then moved towards a specially designed nozzle that emits the fluid mixture over the blades that are
located on the engine. These special turbine engine parts then spin and results in power to the compressor.
Eventually, the pressure of the gas being emitted from the exhaust and the overall temperature of the turbine
engine decreases.

How Do Turbine Engines Compare To Standard Engines?


Compared to a standard engine that is operated through the means of specially designed pistons, the turbine
engine is considered to be exceptionally simpler in operation, though more powerful in energy output. It is
considered more basic in that out of all the engine parts, there is only one main part that is considered to be a
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moving part and that is located in the section that controls the power conversion of the unit. Piston engines, on
the other hand, include dozens of individual moving parts and features.

In evaluating a turbine engine’s parts, you will observe that it has a central shaft component that includes a
specially designed turbine on the end that emits exhaust and a specially designed fan that is responsible for
compression of the engine at the end that mechanics refer to as the “Intake”.

Benefits Of A Turbine Engine


According to mechanics and turbine engine specialists, this specific engine offers numerous benefits. These
include, but are not limited to, the following:

 These engines are designed to run optimally in lower pressures during operation.
 The engine’s parts are considered to be optimal in performing at altitudes that are considered to
be high. This is why many types of aircraft utilize these engines.
 The speeds of the engines are able to operate at higher velocities than standard, piston-controlled
engines.
 There are many fewer components associated with these engines, which means that they are easier
to maintain and repair.
 The engine’s parts contained in these types of engines have a higher success rate when it comes to
internal lubrication.
 Turbine engines are capable of supporting high amounts of weights while providing a high level of
power to the vehicles and vessels that they are utilized on.

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