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Level 7 Assignment 8 (Perfect Squares & Primes) Final

The document contains a series of mathematical assignments and problems categorized into two levels, with solutions provided for each problem. It includes questions on prime numbers, perfect squares, and digit properties, along with their respective proofs and reasoning. Additionally, it features video solution links for further assistance.

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Chetan Garg
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175 views5 pages

Level 7 Assignment 8 (Perfect Squares & Primes) Final

The document contains a series of mathematical assignments and problems categorized into two levels, with solutions provided for each problem. It includes questions on prime numbers, perfect squares, and digit properties, along with their respective proofs and reasoning. Additionally, it features video solution links for further assistance.

Uploaded by

Chetan Garg
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

ASSIGNMENT

LEVEL - I
1. Given x, y, z are primes such that xy + 1 = z. Find x, y, z.

2. The last digit of the square of a natural number is 6. Prove that its next to last digit is odd.

3. The next to last digit of the square of a natural number is odd. Prove that its last digit is 6

4. Is there a three digit number abc ( where a  c ) such that abc − cba is a perfect square?

5. If (x – 1) (x + 3) (x–4) (x – 8) + m is a perfect square, then m is


(a) 32 (b) 24 (c) 98 (d) 196

6. If n + 20 and n – 21 are both perfect squares, where n is a natural number, find n.

7. Find the maximum integer x such that 427+ 41000 + 4x is a perfect square

8. Prove that there is no three digit number abc , such that abc + bca + cab is a perfect square.

9. Prove that if (n - 1)!+ 1 is divisible by n. then n is a prime number.

10. In the following listed numbers, the one which must not be a perfect square is
(a) 3n 2 − 3n + 3 (b) 4n 2 + 4n + 4 (c) 5n 2 − 5n − 5 (d) 7n 2 − 7n + 7
(e) 11n 2 + 11n − 11

LEVEL - II
11. Is it possible to write a perfect square using only the digits (a) 2,3,6; (b) 1,2,3 exactly 10 times each?
Not possible for square

12. Prove that there are infinitely many prime numbers.

13. Let p and q be prime numbers. Show that p2 + q2 + 2020 is composite.

14. Find all primes p and q such that p2−2q2=1.

15. If a nine-digit number is formed by the nine non-zero digits(using all of them), and its unit digit is 5,
prove that it must not be perfect square.
2

Answer Key
1. (2, 2, 5) 4. No 5. d 6. 421 7. 1972 10. B
11. No, No 14. (3, 2)

Video Solutions Links


1 TRUE Chandan Sir https://youtu.be/nWpinUDm6Oo
2 TRUE Old https://youtu.be/M2Grg-yA5fk
3 TRUE Old https://youtu.be/6j5ICjrPg6M
4 TRUE Old https://youtu.be/87jm3Oyje20
5 TRUE Old https://youtu.be/JtIMzebpEUo
6 TRUE Old https://youtu.be/qXIVQDnPHcs
7 TRUE Old https://youtu.be/x9Habka9aEQ
8 TRUE Old https://youtu.be/ppnyegkKw20
9 TRUE Old https://youtu.be/Ffda-7AbrGg
10 TRUE Old https://youtu.be/4WxTJF8Pk9g
11 TRUE Old https://youtu.be/UKodraL1Rgc
12 TRUE Old https://youtu.be/2Zhw0CtbZ8c
13 TRUE Chandan Sir https://youtu.be/J9gAt2epzQA
14 TRUE Chandan Sir https://youtu.be/nFsSzrpGW4Y
15 TRUE Old https://youtu.be/5ZLSeBzzKwo

Solutions
LEVEL - I
1. Given x, y, z are primes such that xy + 1 = z. Find x, y, z.
Sol. Iif x odd then z is even.
xy + 1 = 2 not possible
Therefore, x is even i.e. 2 and z is odd.
If y is even then y = 2
z=22 + 1 = 5
(x, y, z) = (2,2,5)
If y is odd then, 2y + 1 = z
2y + 1 is divisible by 3, hence a composite number so not possible for z.

2. The last digit of the square of a natural number is 6. Prove that its next to last digit is odd.
3

Sol. Since the last digit of its square is 6, the given natural number was even. The square of an even
number is divisible by 4. Hence, the number formed by its two last digits must be divisible by 4. It is
easy to write all two digit numbers which end with 6 and are multiples of 4: 16, 36, 56, 76, 96. All
their tens digits are odd

3. The next to last digit of the square of a natural number is odd. Prove that its last digit is 6
For n  32 , n 2 = (10a + b ) = 100a 2 + 20ab + b 2 . The number 100a2 + 20 ab has units digit 0 and an
2
Sol.
even tens digit. If the tens digit carried from b2 is odd, then b = 4 or 6 only, so b2 = 16 or 36, i.e. the
unit digit of n2 must be 6.

4. Is there a three digit number abc ( where a  c ) such that abc − cba is a perfect square?
Sol. abc − cba = 99a − 99s = 99 ( a − c ) = 9 11( a − c )
For perfect square a – c must be multiple of 11 which is not possible.

5. If (x – 1) (x + 3) (x–4) (x – 8) + m is a perfect square, then m is


(b) 32 (b) 24 (c) 98 (d) 196
Sol. (x –1) (x + 3) (x–4) (x–8) + m
(x–1) (x–4) (x + 3) (x –8) + m
(x2 – 5x + 4) (x2 – 5x –24) + m
x2 – 5x + 4 = t
t(t–28) + m
t2– 28t + m
(t–14)2 + m–196
For m = 196, it’s perfect square

6. If n + 20 and n – 21 are both perfect squares, where n is a natural number, find n.


Sol. n + 20 = b2
n – 21 = c2
41 = b2 – c2 = (b–c) (b+c)
b + c = 41 & b –c = 1
b = 21
n = 421

7. Find the maximum integer x such that 427+ 41000 + 4x is a perfect square
Sol. Since 427 + 41000 + 4x = 254 + 22000 + 22x = 254 (1+2.21945 + 22x –54), it is obvious that the right hand
is a perfect square if 22x –54 = (21945)2, i.e., x – 27 = 1945, x = 1972
When x >1972, then
(2x–27)2 = 22x – 54 < 1+2.21945 + 22x–54 < (2x–27 + 1)2,
So 1 + 2.21945 + 22x–54 is not a perfect square. Thus the maximal required value of x is 1972.
4

8. Prove that there is no three digit number abc , such that abc + bca + cab is a perfect square.
Sol. abc + bca + cab
= 111 (a + b + c)
= 3 × 37 (a + b + c)
a + b + c must contain 3 & 37
but a + b + c ≤ 27
 Not possible

9. Prove that if (n - 1)!+ 1 is divisible by n. then n is a prime number.


Sol. we prove this by contradiction.
Let n is composite number, implies that there is some natural number ‘a’ which divides n.
Clearly a < n ⇒ a|(n - 1)!, which is a contradiction.

10. In the following listed numbers, the one which must not be a perfect square is
(a) 3n 2 − 3n + 3 (b) 4n 2 + 4n + 4
(c) 5n 2 − 5n − 5 (d) 7n 2 − 7n + 7
(e) 11n 2 + 11n − 11
Sol. 3n 2 − 3n + 3 = 3 ( n 2 − n + 1) which is 32 when n = 2;

5n 2 − 5n − 5 = 5 ( n 2 − n − 1) = 52 when n = 3 ;
7n2 – 7n + 7 = 7 (n2 – n + 1) = 72 when n = 3;
11n2 + 11n – 11 = 11 (n2 + n – 1) = 112 when n = 3
Therefore (A), (C), (D) and (E) are all not the answer. On the other hand,
( 2n + 1) = 4n 2 + 4n + 1  4n 2 + 4n + 4  4n 2 + 8n + 4 = ( 2n + 2 )
2 2

Implies that 4n 2 + 4n + 4 is not a perfect square. Thus, the answer is (B).

LEVEL - II
11. Is it possible to write a perfect square using only the digits (a) 2,3,6; (b) 1,2,3 exactly 10 times each?
Sol. Every square of the form 9k, 9k+1, 9k+4 or 9k+7
(a) x 2  10 ( 2 + 3 + 6 )  2 mod ( 9 )
Not possible for square
(b) x 2  10 (1 + 2 + 3)  6 mod ( 9 )
Not possible for square

12. Prove that there are infinitely many prime numbers.


Sol. Assume that there are only n prime numbers, and let us denote them all by p1, p2..pn. Then the
number p1p2 . .pn + 1is divisible by none of the prime members p1, p2„ pn. Therefore, this natural
number cannot be represented as the product of primes, which is absurd. This contradiction
completes the proof
5

13. Let p and q be prime numbers. Show that p2 + q2 + 2020 is composite.


Sol.

14. Find all primes p and q such that p2−2q2=1.


Sol.

15. If a nine-digit number is formed by the nine non-zero digits(using all of them), and its unit digit is 5,
prove that it must not be perfect square.
Sol. We prove by contradiction. Suppose that the D = n2 satisfies all the requirements.
The unit’s digits of D is 5 implies that n is too.
Assume n = 10a + 5, then D = (10a + 5)2 = 100a (a + 1) + 25, so the last two digits of D are 25.
Since the last digit of a (a + 1) is 0,2 or 6 and 0,2 are impossible,
so the third digit of D is 6, ie. D = 1000b + 625 for some digit b.
Thus, 53| D, hence 54 | D since it’s a perfect square.
However, it implies that 54 | 1000K, so 5| k. i.e. k = 0 or 5, a contradiction.

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