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Using-Basic-Formulas-in-Microsoft-Excel

This document provides an overview of using basic formulas in Microsoft Excel, emphasizing the importance of formulas for data management and analysis. It covers how to enter and display formulas, the types of cell references (relative, absolute, and mixed), and the use of external cell references to link data from different worksheets or workbooks. The document also includes instructions for managing external references and ensuring data consistency across files.

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bunayreajane
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4 views

Using-Basic-Formulas-in-Microsoft-Excel

This document provides an overview of using basic formulas in Microsoft Excel, emphasizing the importance of formulas for data management and analysis. It covers how to enter and display formulas, the types of cell references (relative, absolute, and mixed), and the use of external cell references to link data from different worksheets or workbooks. The document also includes instructions for managing external references and ensuring data consistency across files.

Uploaded by

bunayreajane
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Header

Using Basic Formulas in


Microsoft Excel

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Microsoft Excel is a powerful tool for managing and analyzing data, and formulas are at
the heart of its functionality. This discussion will cover:

1.Understanding and Displaying Formulas


2. Using Cell References in Formulas
3. Using External Cell References
Understanding and Displaying Formulas
What Are Formulas in Excel?
A formula is an expression that performs calculations on data in a worksheet. In Excel,
formulas always begin with an equal sign (=) followed by a combination of:

• Numbers (e.g., =10+5)


• Cell references (e.g., =A1+B1)
• Mathematical operators (e.g., +, -, *, /)
• Functions (e.g., =SUM(A1:A5))
Basic Mathematical Operators in Excel
How to Enter a Formula in Excel
1.Click on the cell where you want the result.
2. Type = followed by the formula (e.g., =A1+B1).
3. Press Enter, and the result will be displayed.

How to Display Formulas in Excel


Method 1: Using the Formula Bar
• Click on a cell with a formula, and the formula will appear in the Formula Bar above
the worksheet.
Method 2: Using the Show Formulas Feature
• Go to Formulas > Show Formulas (or press Ctrl + ~).
• This will display all formulas instead of their results.
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Using Cell References in


Formulas

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What Are Cell References?
Instead of entering direct numbers in formulas, Excel allows users to reference cells. This
makes formulas dynamic, meaning they update automatically when referenced cell values
change.
Types of Cell References
1.Relative Cell Reference
• Changes when copied to another cell.
• Example: If =A1+B1 is copied from C1 to C2, it changes to =A2+B2.
2. Absolute Cell Reference ($)
• Does not change when copied.
• Example: =$A$1+$B$1 will remain the same no matter where it is copied.
3. Mixed Cell Reference
• Partially locked by using $.
Example:
• $A1 → Column is locked, row changes.
• A$1 → Row is locked, column changes.
Examples of Cell References in Formulas

Copying Formulas with Cell References


• Select the cell with the formula.
• Drag the fill handle (bottom-right corner of the cell) to copy the formula to adjacent cells.
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Using External Cell


References

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What Are External Cell References?
An external reference allows a formula to use data from a different worksheet or even
another Excel file. This helps maintain data consistency across multiple files.

Types of External References


1.References to Another Worksheet
2. References to Another Workbook
References to Another Worksheet
Syntax:
=SheetName!CellReference
Example:
=Sheet2!A1 (Uses value from cell A1 in "Sheet2").
References to Another Workbook
Syntax:
=[WorkbookName.xlsx]SheetName!CellReference
Example:
=[SalesData.xlsx]Sheet1!B2 (Uses value from cell B2 in "Sheet1" of SalesData.xlsx).
How to Create an External Reference to Another
Workbook
1.Open both workbooks.
2. In the destination workbook, click on the cell where you want the reference.
3. Type = and switch to the source workbook.
4. Click on the desired cell and press Enter.

Managing External References


• If the source file is moved, Excel may show #REF! errors.
• To update links: Data > Edit Links > Update Values.

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