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Report Guide in BIO150

The document outlines the typical structure and content of a full laboratory report, including an introduction, materials and methods, results and discussion, and conclusion section. It provides details on what should be included in each section, such as stating the hypothesis in the introduction, describing procedures in the materials and methods section, and analyzing results in relation to the hypothesis in the discussion section. The document also covers formatting guidelines for tables, figures, citations, and references.

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Deanna Lisette
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63 views2 pages

Report Guide in BIO150

The document outlines the typical structure and content of a full laboratory report, including an introduction, materials and methods, results and discussion, and conclusion section. It provides details on what should be included in each section, such as stating the hypothesis in the introduction, describing procedures in the materials and methods section, and analyzing results in relation to the hypothesis in the discussion section. The document also covers formatting guidelines for tables, figures, citations, and references.

Uploaded by

Deanna Lisette
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Your Guide in Writing Your Full Laboratory Reports The parts of a full laboratory report along with their

corresponding contents and notes are indicated below. This is the modified version of the scientific report writing in the Biology 1 manual. PART TITLE CONTENTS Title of report REMARKS 1. Should be placed as the top heading of your paper; this need not be a separate page 2. Title should not be too long but adequate enough to indicate scope of study; starting the title with A Study of or similar phrases usually gives no advantage 1. Serves as an overview of the whole paper 2. Should indicate points to be given emphasis in reading the paper 3. Should be concise but complete (max. 250 words) 4. In past tense (except for the hypothesis and conclusions) 5. Single-spaced and with proper margin (2 left, 1 right) 1. Provides background of the study 2. The hypothesis is an educated guess based on the previous observations, the validity of which is being tested in the experiment 3. Literature used must be cited and acknowledged (see Results and Discussion) 1. Materials not enumerated separately but incorporated while the procedure is being discussed 2. Specify amounts, concentration, measurements and formula used 3. Procedure should be reproducible 4. In past tense and in passive voice 1. Tables are used to put results in an organized form; they are labeled with numbers and titles at the TOP 2. Graphs and charts are used to show relationship between factors being studied; they are labeled with figure numbers and titles at the BOTTOM 3. Worksheet tables and figures should only serve as a temporary record of your data; present the processed data 3. Illustrations are used for observations that need to be drawn to be clearer, e.g. microscopic observation; they are labeled with figure numbers and titles at the BOTTOM 4. Present results clearly and completelyi.e. with proper headings, units, labels, etc. 5. In the discussion, the results should be analyzed in relation to the hypothesis being testedis the hypothesis accepted, rejected or revised based on the results? 6. Tables, graphs, charts and illustrations are placed near their respective discussionimmediately below the paragraph which mentions them or the page after if there in not enough space 7. For statements directly or indirectly derived from another author, the name of the author and the date of publication are cited e.g. Campbell and Reece, 2001 8. Full bibliographical entries of publications where citations were taken are placed in the Literature Cited 1. Serves as a review of results and discussion only, i.e., how the results led to the conclusion (s) (answer to hypothesis) and the conditions where such conclusions are valid 2. Results and conclusions presented in more detail that

ABSTRACT

Problem or hypothesis of the study Short description of the procedure Result highlights Significant conclusions Background information (definitions, related information, and previous studies) Objectives of the study Place and date of the study Step by step discussion of the procedure

INTRODUCTION

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Organized results Tables Graphs Charts Illustrations Discussion and analysis of data Sources of errors (if any)

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

Short description of procedure Major results Significant conclusions Important

recommendations (if any)

LITERATURE CITED (3 scholarly references at the very least)

Bibliographical entries of publications from which citations were made

the abstract 3. Recommendations for improvement or procedure or equipment may also be included 4. Conclusions have to be supported by a good discussion; Failure to discuss the data shall mean that there is nothing to conclude 1. Regardless of the type of publication, the bibliographical entries are arranged, alphabetically according to authors names 2. Double-spaced between entries, single-spaced within an entry 3. Follow correct format of bibliographical entry (note indention) 4. Should use at least five books or journal articles EXCLUDING electronic sources (WWW sites) a. For a book Author (s). Year of publication. Title of book (first letter of important words capitalized). Edition or volume. Place of publication: Publisher. Page (s). e.g. Campbell, N.A. and J. B. Reece. 2002. Biology. 6th ed. San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings Pub. Co., Inc. pp. 102-105. b. For a journal or encyclopedia Author(s). Year of publication. Title of Article (first letter of title and proper Nouns capitalized). Name of Journal. Volume (number if applicable): page(s) e.g. Villa, N. O., K. Kageyama, T. Asano and H. Suga. 2006. Phylogenetic relationships of Pythium and Phytophthora species based on ITS rDNA, cytochrome oxidase II and B-tubulin gene sequences. Mycologia 98(3):410-422 c. for an electronic source WWW sites Author(s). Year posted or updated. Title of the article. <URL>. Date accessed. e.g. Watson, I. and M.J. Dalwitz. 1992. The Families of Flowering Plants: Descriptions, Illustrations, Identification and Information Retrieval. <http://biodiversity.uno.edu/delta/>.Accessed December 14, 2000.

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