CASE BASED QUESTIONS

CASE BASED QUESTIONS

-
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
When electric dipole is placed in uniform electric field, its two charges
experience equal and opposite forces, which cancel each other and hence net
-

force on electric dipole in uniform electric field is zero. However these forces
are not collinear, so they give rise to some torque on the dipole. Since net force
on electric dipole in uniform electric field is zero. so no work is done in moving
the electric dipole in uniform electric field. However some work is done in
rotating the dipole against the torque acting on it.

2
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
i. The dipole moment of a dipole in a uniform external field E is P. Then the torque
𝜏 acting on the dipole is
-

- a. 𝜏 = P x E b. 𝜏 = P . E c. 𝜏 = 2 (P + E) d. 𝜏 = P + E
ii. An electric dipole consists of two opposite charges, each of magnitude 1.0 µC separated
-

by a distance of 2.0 cm. The dipole is placed in an external field of 105 NC-1 The maximum
-

torque on the dipole is 900

-

a. 0.2 x 10 Nm b. 1 x 10- 3 Nm -
-3
c. 2 x 10- 3 Nm d. 4 x 10- 3 Nm z PE
=

GlE
-

iii. Torque on a dipole in uniform electric field is minimum when Ө is equal to

a. 00 b. 900 --
c. 1800 d. Both (a) and (c) -

iv. When an electric dipole is held at an angle in a uniform electric field, the net force F and
torque t on the dipole are -
a. F = 0 𝜏 = 0 b. F ≠ 0, 𝜏≠ 0 -
c. F = 0 𝜏 ≠ 0 d. F ≠ 0, 𝜏 = 0 F=O

v. An electric dipole of moment p is placed in an electric field of intensity E. The dipole

acquires a position such that the axis of the dipole makes an angle with the direction of
-
the field. Assuming that the potential energy of the dipole to be zero when Ө = 900 the
-

torque and the potential energy of the dipole will respectively be E Sime
=

U PECo
-
,

a. pEsinӨ, -pEcosӨ b. pEsinӨ, -2pEcosӨ c. pEsinӨ, 2pEcosӨ d. pEcosӨ, -pEsinӨ

=
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
Ans
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
The simplest and the most widely used capacitor is the parallel plate capacitor. It
consists of two large plane parallel conducting plates, separated by a small
distance.
In the outer regions above the upper plate and below the lower plate, the electric
fields due to the two charged plates cancel out. The net field is zero.
In the inner region between the two capacitor plates, the electric fields due to the
two charged plates add up. The net field is 𝞼/ɛ0 .

E
Ex E, E
-

C2
=

=EFE)

D
->E =

-1 Im
d? =
it Er

EE re
=

For a uniform electric field, potential difference between the plates =

Electric field x distance between the plates. Capacitance of the parallel plate
capacitor is, the charge required to supplied to either of the conductors of the
capacitor so as to increase the potential difference between then by unit amount.
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS

!)}!]}°⑧
i. A parallel plate capacitor is charged and then isolated. The effect of increasing
!!A
the plate separation on charge, potential and capacitance respectively are
ii. In a parallel plate capacitor, the capacity increases if
(a) area of the plate is decreases X(b) distance between the plates increases
-

X
- (c) area of the-plate is increases (d) dielectric constant decreases.
-

iii. A parallel plate capacitor has two square plates with equal and opposite charges. The
-

surface charge densities on the plates are +𝞼 and -𝞼 respectively. In the region between
- --

1
the plates the magnitude of the electric field is
-

(a) 𝞼 / 2ɛ0 - (b) 𝞼 / ɛ0 (c) 0 (d) none of these. I

iv. -
If a parallel plate air capacitor consists of two circular plates of diameter 8 cm. At what
distance should the plates be held so as to have the same capacitance as that of sphere of
- -
&

diameter 20 cm d(8am,

" efected
=

d
(a) 9 mm
- (b) 4 mm (c) 8 mm (d) 2 mm 16(10) re
- - =

v. If a charge of 2 x10-8 C is placed on the positive plate and a charge of

- - -
-1.0 x10-8 C on the
negative plate of a parallel plate capacitor of capacitance 1.2 x10- 3 µF then the potential
-

-
difference developed between the plates is - -

(a) 6.25 V (b) 3.0 V

- (c) 12.5 V (d) 25 V
Y
gtxi I 2.5X
=

-
=>
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
Ans
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS

A single cell provides a feeble current. In order to get a higher current in a circuit,
we often use a combination of cells. A combination of cells is called a battery. Cells
can be joined in series, parallel or in a mixed way.
Two cells are said to be connected in series when negative terminal of one cell is
connected to positive terminal of the other cell and so on. Two cells are said to be
connected in parallel if positive terminal of each cell is connected to one point and
negative terminal of each cell connected to the other point. In mixed grouping of
cells, a certains number of identical cells are joined in series, and all such rows are
then connected in parallel with each other.

0
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
i. To draw the maximum current from a combination of cells, how should the cells be
grouped? -- -
- -

P Pmax =

(a) Parallel x
(b) Series (c)
x Mixed grouping
-

- R
(d) Depends upon the relative values of internal and external resistances
-
ii. The total emf of the cells when n identical cells each of emf & are connected in parallel is
(a) nε (b) n2ε - (c) ε (d) ε /n
-

Eeg
- -
=

iii. 4 cells each of emf 2 V and internal resistance of 12 are connected in parallel to a load
- -

resistor of 2R2. Then the current through the load resistor is

-

(a) 2A (b) 1.5 A (c) 1A -(d) 0.888 A

-
I =+=
=
2X2 8
I
iv. If two cells out of in number of cells each of internal resistance 'r' are wrongly connected
- - --
in series, then total resistance of the cell is
>

(a) 2nr S
(b) nr-4r (c) nr (d) r AA -
yo
v. Two identical non-ideal batteries are connected in parallel. Consider the following statements.
(i) The equivalent emf is smaller than either of the two emfs.
-

Se =
(ii) The equivalent internal resistance is smaller than either of the two internal resistancesX
- -
-

(a) Both (i) and (ii) are correct. (b) (i) is correct but (ii) is wrong.
(c) (ii) is correct but (i) is wrong. (d) Both (i) and (ii) are wrong.
-
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
Ans
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS

When the atomic dipoles are aligned partially or fully, there is a net magnetic
moment in the direction of the field in any small volume of the material. The actual
magnetic field inside material placed in magnetic field is the sum of the applied
magnetic field and the magnetic field due to magnetisation. This field is called
magnetic intensity (H). -

where M is the magnetisation of the material, mu_{0} is the permittivity of vacuum

and B is the total magnetic field. The measure that tells us how a magnetic material
responds to an external field is given by a dimensionless quantity is appropriately
called the magnetic susceptibility: for a certain class of magnetic materials, intensity
of magnetisation is directly proportional to the magnetic intensity.
-
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
Bext
i. Magnetization of a sample is
-
-

- (a) volume of sample per unit magnetic moment (b) net magnetic moment per unit volume
(c) ratio of magnetic moment and pole strength X (d) ratio of pole strength to magnetic moment.
-

X
ii. Identify the wrongly matched quantity and unit pair.
(a) Pole strength - Am
(b) Magnetic susceptibility - dimensionless number
(c) Intensity of magnetisation - Am- 1
- (d) Magnetic permeability - Henry m X
iii. A bar magnet has length 3 cm, cross-sectional area 2 cm2 and magnetic moment 3 Am2 The
-

intensity of magnetisation of bar magnet is

-

- YIA*
(a) 2 x 105 A / m (b) 3 x 105A / m (c) 4 x 105A / m (d) 5 x 105 A / m NX2 IOY
My
iv. A solenoid has core of a material with relative permeability 500 and its windings carry a
current of 1 A. The number of turns of the solenoid is 500 per metre. The magnetization of
-

- -
the material is nearly M yH (Mr 1) H (500 150,
-
=

= -
=
-
100
I nE =

3 5 3 5
(a) 2.5 x 10 A / m -(b) 2.5 x 10 A / m (c) 2.0 x 10 A / m (d) 2.0 x 10 A / m
v. The relative permeability of iron is 6000. Its magnetic susceptibility is
-

-
(a) 5999 (b) 6001 (c) 6000 x 10 - 7 (d) 6000 x 10 7
+m =
6000-1
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
Ans
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
Mutual inductance is the phenomenon of inducing emf in a coil, due to a change
of current in the neighbouring coil. The amount of mutual inductance that links
one coil to another depends very much on the relative positioning of the two
coils, their geometry and relative separation between them. Mutual inductance
between the two coils increases μrtimes if the coils are wound over an iron core of
relative permeability μr
MI
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS bac
- inner
i. A short solenoid of radius a, number of turns per unit length n1 and length L is kept
coaxially inside a very long solenoid of radius b, number of turns per unit length n2
innin
=

What is the mutual inductance of the system?

-
-

= -ah
-
ii. If a change in current of 0.01 A in one coil produces a change in magnetic flux of 2 x10- 2
-

weber in another coil, then the mutual inductance between coils is

- -

(a) 0 (b) 0.5 H -

(c) 2H (d) 3 H
=,,92 E

4y, *
M
=

iii. Mutual inductance of two coils can be increased by 2H

*
(a) decreasing the number of turns in the coils (b) increasing the number of turns in the coils
(c) winding the coils on wooden cores (d) none of these.
-

iv. When a sheet of iron is placed in between the two coaxial coils, then the mutual inductance
between the coils will
-

-(a) increase (b) decrease (c) remains same (d) cannot be predicted
v. The SI unit of mutual inductance is
(a) ohm (b) mho -
(c) henry (d) none of these
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
Ans
CASE BASED QUESTIONS
CASE BASED QUESTIONS

-
NCERT - LINE / LINE

O 41
NCERT - LINE / LINE

--
--- 42
NCERT - LINE / LINE

0
43
NCERT - LINE / LINE

- -
44
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS

In an electromagnetic wave both the electric and magnetic fields are

perpendicular to the direction of propagation, that is why electromagnetic waves
are transverse in nature. Electromagnetic waves carry energy as they travel
through space and this energy is shared equally by the electric and magnetic
fields. Energy density of an electromagnetic waves is the energy in unit volume of
the space through which the wave travels.
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
-
i. The electromagnetic waves propagated perpendicular to both E and B . The
->

electromagnetic waves travel in the direction of

EXB Y
-

(a) E . B -(b) E x B (c) B . E (d) B x E =

ii. Fundamental particle in an electromagnetic wave is

-(a) photon (b) electron (c) phonon (d) proton
iii.Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature is evident by
-(a) polarisation (b)X interference (c) reflection (d)I diffraction
-

x
iv. For a wave propagating in a medium, identify the property that is independent of the
others.
*-
n=
(a) velocity x X
-

X (b) wavelength (c) frequency (d) all these depend on each other
v. The electric and magnetic fields of an electromagnetic waves are
(a)in opposite phase and perpendicular to each other
(b) in opposite phase and parallel to each other
(c) in phase and perpendicular to each other
-
(d) in phase and parallel to each other.
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
Ans
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS

An optical fibre is a thin tube of transparent material that allows light to pass
through, without being refracted into the air or another external medium. It make
use of total internal reflection. These fibres are fabricated in such a way that light
reflected at one side of the inner surface strikes the other at an angle larger than
critical angle. Even, if fibre is bent, light can easily travel along the length.
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
i. Which of the following is based on the phenomenon of total internal reflection of
-

light?
(a) Sparkling of diamond (b) Optical fibre communication
(c) Instrument used by doctors for endoscopy - (d) All of these
ii. A ray of light will undergo total internal reflection inside the optical fibre, if it
(a) goes from rarer medium to denser medium
(b) is incident at an angle less than the critical angle
(c) strikes the interface normally
(d) is incident at an angle greater than the critical angle.
Vego.
-
iii. If in core, angle of incidence is equal to critical angle, then angle
-
of refraction will be
0 0 -0 0
(a) 0 (b) 45 (c) 90 (d) 180 ne
iv. In an optical fibre (shown), correct relation for refractive indices
of core and cladding is
-

- >
(a) n1 = n2 - (b) n1 > n2 (c) n1 < n2 (d) n1 + n2 = 2
-

nixn2

v. If the value of critical angle is 300 for total internal reflection from given optical fibre,
=>

then speed of light in that

i fibre is =
30X ? =

(a) 3 x 108 m / s -(b) 1.5 x 108 m / s (c) 6 x 108 m / s (d) 4.5 x 108 m / s
sinic:/n= sinso Xo*Y**
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
Ans
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS

When light from a monochromatic source is incident on a single narrow slit, it

gets diffracted and a pattern of alternate bright and dark fringes is obtained on
screen, called "Diffraction Pattern" of single slit. In diffraction pattern of single
slit, it is found that
I. Central bright fringe is of maximum intensity and the intensity of any
secondary bright fringe decreases with increase in its order.
II. Central bright fringe is twice as wide as any other secondary bright or dark
fringe.
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
i. A single slit of width 0.1 mm is illuminated by a parallel beam of light of wavelength
6000 Å and diffraction bands are observed on a screen 0.5 m from the slit. The
-

distance of the third dark band from the central bright band is
Ene_sor_
xume
(a) 3 mm (b) 1.5 mm (c) 9- mm (d) 4.5 mm
a
ii. In Fraunhofer diffraction pattern, slit width is 0.2 mm and screen is at 2 m away from the
-

lens. If wavelength of light used is 5000 A then the distance between the first minimum on
either side the central maximum is
a
-

x
8
=

2
-1 -2 -2 -1
(a) 10 m - (b) 10 m (c) 2 x 10 m (d) 2 x 10 m 102C
= 0-2x10-3
iii. Light of wavelength 600 nm is incident normally on a slit of width 0.2 mm. The angular
width of central maxima in the diffraction pattern is (measured from minimum to minimum)
-(a) 6 x 10- 3 (b) 4 x 10- 3 rad (c) 2.4 x 10-3 rad (d) 4.5 x 10-3 rad 0 21_Rx 6X15e
=
=

iv. A diffraction pattern is obtained by using a beam of red light. What will happen, if the red
40 =
-

light is replaced by the blue light?

-
t
(a) bands disappear (b) bands become broader and farther apart I
(c) no change will take place - (d) diffraction bands become narrower and crowded together.
v. To observe diffraction, the size of the obstacle rights lobject
(a) should be λ / 2 where is the wavelength. -
(b) should be of the order of wavelength.
Y
-(c) has no relation to wavelength. (d) should be much larger than the wavelength.
X
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
Ans
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS

When light of sufficiently high frequency is incident on a metallic surface,

electrons are emitted from the metallic surface. This phenomenon is called
photoelectric emission. Kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons depends
on the wavelength of incident light and is independent of the intensity of light.
Number of emitted photoelectrons depends on intensity. (h𝜈 - Φ) is the
-

maximum kinetic energy of emitted photoelectrons (where Φ is the work

function of metallic surface). Reverse effect of photo emission produces X-ray.
--

X-ray is not deflected by electric and magnetic fields. Wavelength of a

-

continuous X-ray depends on potential difference across the tube. Wavelength

-

of characteristic X-ray depends on the atomic number. -

 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
i. Einstein's photoelectric equation is
-
ii. Light of wavelength Ol λ which is less than threshold wavelength is incident on a
photosensitive material. If incident wavelength is decreased so that emitted photoelectrons
are moving with some velocity then stopping potential will tmi to a,
-(a) increase (b) decrease (c) be zero (d) become exactly half
iii. When ultraviolet rays incident on metal plate then photoelectric effect does not occur, it
occur by incident of 1 E-
-
+

(a) Infrared rays (b) X-rays (c) Radio wave (d) Microwave * - E

iv. If frequency (𝜈 > 𝜈0 ) of incident light becomes n times the initial frequency (𝜈), then K.E. of
the emitted photoelectrons becomes 𝜈0 (threshold frequency).
-

(a) n times of the initial kinetic

- energy- (b) More thanItimes of the initial kinetic energy
-

(c) Less than times of the initial kinetic energy (d) Kinetic energy of the emitted
photoelectrons remains unchanged
v. A monochromatic light is used in a photoelectric experiment. The stopping potential .
(a) Is related to the mean wavelength - (b) Is related to the shortest wavelength
X
X
(c) Is not related to the minimum kinetic energy of emitted photoelectrons "I,
X(d) Intensity of incident light
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
Ans
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
fans
A
Bohr's model explains the spectral lines of-hydrogen atomic emission spectrum.
=>

-
While the electron of the atom remains in the ground state, its energy is
unchanged. When the atom absorbs one or more quanta of energy, the electrons
moves from the ground state orbit to an excited state orbit that is further away.
The given figure shows an energy level diagram of the hydrogen atom. Several
transitions are marked as I, II, III and so on. The diagram is only indicative and ·M
not to scale
3.4eY 4(4)
Ez 0.85
124,00
-
=
n =

~Dis it
-0.85eY = (I)
Ex =
a
AE =
-0.8r -(-3-4)

= 2.Tex
13-6-1.5)
As
am? kisenm >

=
n (a))
=

ibel alzel
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
i. In which transition is a Balmer series photon absorbed? n 2 - 3,4,5,
=

=
-

(a) II (b) III (c) IV - (d) VI

-

ii. The wavelength of the radiation involved in transition II is

(a) 291 nm (b) 364 nm ~ (c) 487 nm (d) 652 nm
-

iii. Which transition will occur when a hydrogen atom is irradiated with radiation of
wavelength 103 nm
12ei
) Y9=
=AE
(a) I (b) II (c) IV - (d) V =

iv. The electron in a hydrogen atom makes a transition from n = n1 to n = n2 state. The
time period of the electron in the initial state is eight times that in the final state Tau
- -

possible values of n1 and n2 are T, 8Tz

108 I2=) I
=

(a) n1 = 4 , n2 = 2 (b) n1 = 8 , n2 = 2 (c) n1 = 8 , n2 = 3 (d) n1 = 6 , n2 = 2

- -

Th

v. The Balmer series for the H-atom can be observed -=2()- YYoy (* *,
X (a) if we measure the frequencies of light emitted when an excited atom falls to the ground state
-
- -

(b) if we measure the frequencies of light emitted due to transitions between excited states and
the first excited state
-

(c) in any transition in a H-atom

(d) none of these.
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
Ans
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS

[
Neutrons and protons are identical particle in the sense that their masses are
nearly the same and the force, called nuclear force. does into distinguish them.
Nuclear force is the strongest force. Stability of nucleus is determined by the
neutron proton ratio or mass defect or packing fraction. Shape of nucleus is
calculated by quadrupole moment and spin of nucleus depends on even or odd
mass number. Volume of nucleus depends on the mass number. Whole mass of the
atom (nearly 99%) is centred at the nucleus.
3
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
i. The correct statements about the nuclear force is/are * Spin dependent
arge
(a) change
& -
independent (b) short range force (c) non-conservative force (d) all of these.
ii. The range of nuclear force is the order of
- 10
(a) 2 x 10X - 20
(b) 1.5 x 10X
-

Kermit
m (c) 1.2 x 10 - 4 m (d) 1.4 x 10O
- 15
m
iii. A force between two protons is same as the force between proton and neutron. The nature
of the force is
(a) electrical force (b) weak nuclear force (c) gravitational force-
(d) strong nuclear force.
iv. Two protons are kept at a separation of -ep-so
40 Å. Fn the nuclear force and Fe the electrostatic
force between them. Then
-(a) Fn << Fe (b) Fn = Fe (c) Fn >> Fe (d) Fn≈ Fe
-

v. All the nucleons in an atom are held by

-(a) nuclear forces (b) van der Waals forces (c) tensor forces (d) coulomb forces
x X X
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
Ans
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS

When the diode is forward biased, it is found that beyond forward voltage V = Vk
called knee voltage, the conductivity is very high. At this value of battery biasing for
p-n junction, the potential barrier is overcome and the current increases rapidly
with increase in forward voltage.
When the diode is reverse biased, the reverse bias voltage produces a very small
current about a few microamperes which almost remains constant with bias. This
small current is reverse saturation current
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
i. In which of the following figures, the p-n diode is forward biased
&H I

X - X
x
F
I A

Op
ii. Based on the V-I characteristics of the diode, we can classify diode as
(a) bi-directional device (b) ohmic device - (c) non-ohmic device (d) passive element
iii. The V-I characteristic of a diode is shown in the figure. The ratio of
forward to reverse bias resistance is
(a) 100 ->
(b) 106 (c) 10 (d) 10-6 t= =

iv. In the case of forward biasing of a p-n junction diode, which one of the
following figures correctly depicts the direction of conventional current
(indicated by an arrow mark)? HP-
1D D
HP u

-
v. If an ideal junction diode is connected as shown, then the value of the current I is
(a) 0.013 A (b) 0.02 A ~(c) 0.01 A
-
I
(d) 0.1 A
O
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
Ans
ELECTRIC CHARGES & FIELDS

~
80
CASE BASED QUESTIONS
CASE BASED QUESTIONS
CASE BASED QUESTIONS
CASE BASED QUESTIONS