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Tutorial 10

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10 views2 pages

Tutorial 10

Uploaded by

rrjsjfczaat333
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Engineering Thermodynamics (CH161)

Tutorial-10

1. A house that is losing heat at a rate of 80,000 kJ/h when the outside temperature drops
to 15°C is to be heated by electric resistance heaters. If the house is to be maintained at
22°C at all times, determine the reversible work input for this process and the
irreversibility.
2. A piston–cylinder device initially contains 2 L of air at 100 kPa and 25°C. Air is now
compressed to a final state of 600 kPa and 150°C. The useful work input is 1.2 kJ.
Assumingthe surroundings are at 100 kPa and 25°C, determine (a) the exergy of the air
at the initial and the final states, (b) the minimum work that must be supplied to
accomplish this compression process.
3. An ideal Otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8. At the beginning of the compression
process, air is at 95 kPa and 27°C, and 750 kJ/kg of heat is transferred to air during the
constant-volume heat-addition process. Taking into account the variation of specific
heats with temperature, determine (a) the pressure and temperature at the end of the
heat- addition process, (b) the net work output, (c) the thermal efficiency, and (d) the
mean effective pressure for the cycle.
4. A six-cylinder, four-stroke, spark-ignition engine operating on the ideal Otto cycle
takes in air at 95 kPa and 40°C, and is limited to a maximum cycle temperature of
1300°C. Each cylinder has a bore of 8.9 cm, and each piston has a stroke of 9.9 cm.
The minimum enclosed volume is 9.8 percent of the maximum enclosed volume. How
much power will this engine produce when operated at 2500 rpm? Use constant specific
heats at room temperature.
5. A simple Rankine cycle uses water as the working fluid. The boiler operates at 6000
kPa and the condenser at 50 kPa. At the entrance to the turbine, the temperature is
450°C. The isentropic efficiency of the turbine is 94 percent, pressure and pump losses
are negligible, and the water leaving the condenser is subcooled by 6.3°C. The boiler is
sized for a mass flow rate of 20 kg/s. Determine the rate at which heat is added in the
boiler, the power required to operate the pumps, the net power produced by the cycle,
and the thermal efficiency.
6. A commercial refrigerator with refrigerant-134a as the working fluid is used to keep
the refrigerated space at -30°C by rejecting its waste heat to cooling water that enters
the condenser at 18°C at a rate of 0.25 kg/s and leaves at 26°C. The refrigerant enters
the condenser at 1.2 MPa and 65°C and leaves at 42°C. The inlet state of the compressor
is 60 kPa and -34°C and the compressor is estimated to gain a net heat of 450 W from
the surroundings. Determine (a) the quality of the refrigerant at the evaporator inlet, (b)
the refrigeration load, (c) the COP of the refrigerator, and (d) the theoretical maximum
refrigeration load for the same power input to the compressor.
7. Using the Maxwell relations, determine a relation for (𝜕𝑠⁄𝜕𝑣) 𝑇 for a gas whose
equation of state is (𝑃 − 𝑎⁄𝑣 2 )(𝑣 − 𝑏) = 𝑅𝑇.
8. Using the Clapeyron-Clausius equation and the triple-point data of water, estimate the
sublimation pressure of water at -30°C and compare to the value in Table A–8.
9. Derive expressions for (a) ∆𝑢, (b) ∆ℎ, and (c) ∆𝑠 for a gas that obeys the van der Waals
equation of state for an isothermal process.
10. Consider a gas whose equation of state is 𝑃(𝑣 − 𝑎) = 𝑅𝑇, where 𝑎 is a positive
constant. Is it possible to cool this gas by throttling?

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