Science 5

Science – Grade 5
Quarter 2 – Self Learning Module 5: Phases of the Menstrual Cycle
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Felisa R. Valeroso
Editor: Mrs. Thelma C. Torio
Reviewer: Mrs. Thelma C. Torio
Illustrator: Edison P. Clet
Layout Artist: Mark Kihm G. Lara
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso EdD
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Science 5
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 5

Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science Grade Five Self Learning Module 5 on Phases of the
Menstrual Cycle
This Self Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators from Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its Officer-In-Charge
Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin in partnership
with the Local Government of Pasig through its mayor, Honorable Victor Ma. Regis
N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum using the
Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) while overcoming their personal,
social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners
as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the Science Grade Five Self Learning Module 5 on Phases of the
Menstrual Cycle
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning material while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectation - These are what you will be able to know after completing the
lessons in the module

Pretest - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be
mastered throughout the lesson.

Recap - This section will measure what learnings and skills that you
understand from the previous lesson.

Lesson - This section will discuss the topic for this module.

Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform.

Wrap Up - This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the

lessons.

Valuing - This part will check the integration of values in the learning
competency.

Posttest - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire
module.
 EXPECTATIONS

At the end of the lesson the pupils are expected to:

A. describe the phases of the menstrual cycle;
B. trace the phases of the menstrual cycle; and
C. Practice proper hygiene for the external genetalia.

PRETEST

Directions: Identify the phase of menstrual cycle describe in the box.

1. ______________________
Phase #1
The first phases of the menstrual cycle,
days 1 to 14 is the stage when the ovum or egg
cells develops the maturity. In this stage, the
uterus lining from a past period peels off and
a new membrane is formed, ready to receive
the fertilized ovum.

2. ________________________
Phase #2
The second phase, days 14 to 15, is the
fertile period of the menstrual cycle. It is the
stage when the egg discharged from the ovary
and passes down the fallopian tube, ready to
meet the sperm cell. It is also the stage when
pregnancy is most likely to happen.

3. ________________________
Phase #3
The third phase, on days 15 to 23, is the
stage of corpus luteum activity. Corpus
Luteum is a yellow body formed in the
ruptured activity or follicle in the ovary. A
hormone called progesterone allows the
development of the corpus luteum. The
corpus luteum causes the thickening of the
inner lining of the uterus to hold the egg on
arrival.
4. __________________________
Phase #4
The fourth phase, on days 23-28, is the
stage of menstruation if pregnancy has not
occurred. The lining of the uterus peel off as
menstrua flow.
 RECAP

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct answer

In the previous lesson, you learned that menstruation is the elimination
of (1) _______________ from the body. It occurs in (2) ______ days. The
menstrual cycle is a monthly series of hormonal changes leading to egg
maturation and uterine preparation for a possible pregnancy. It has four
phases such as; (3) _____________, (4) _____________, (5) ____________ and
__________

LESSON

The menstrual cycle is complex and controlled by many different

glands and hormones that these glands produce. The four phases of the
menstrual cycle are the menstrual phase, the follicular phase, the ovulation
phase and the luteal phase.
The following picture shows the phases of menstrual cycle.

The Phases of Menstrual is divided into four phases;

Menstrual Phase- This is a woman’s monthly bleeding. During, this period,

some eggs begin to mature in the ovaries. As the eggs develop, the
surrounding cells release estrogen hormone into bloodstream.

Follicular phase – The lining of the uterus starts to grow due to

hormone estrogen. The endometrium starts to develop to receive the fertilized
egg. The follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), increases and in turn stimulates
the growth of the ovarian follicles.
Ovulation phase – When a mature egg (ovum) is released from
the ovarian follicle to the nearest fallopian tube during the menstrual cycle,
ovulation occurs. As the egg moves down the fallopian tube over several days,
the lining of the uterus continues to grow thicker and thicker. It takes 3 to 4
days for the egg to travel toward the uterus fertilization may take place, thus
pregnancy is possible.

Luteal Phase- After ovulation occurs, the follicle develops into a hormone-
producing structure called corpus luteum, a yellow structure in the ovary
that produces estrogen and large amounts of progesterone. This hormone
signals the uterus to thicken to provide nutrients for the coming baby if in
case a sperm fertilizes the egg. If fertilization did not take place the thickening
of the uterus breaks down and comes out of the body through menstruation.
The menstrual cycle repeats, after approximately 28 days.

• In which phase of the menstrual cycle is pregnancy possible? Why?

• How can you describe the phases of the menstrual cycle?
• Explain the different phases of the menstrual cycle?
• In which phase some eggs begin to mature in the ovary?
• What happen with the lining of the uterus during follicular phase?
• Why is it the uterus thicken?

ACTIVITIES

Activity 1
Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct word to complete the paragraph.
Choose your answer in the box.

Luteal phase ovary

joined fallopian tube
pregnant

In the (1) ____________ of the menstrual cycle, the (2) ____________

fal
releases a mature egg cell. It is swept up to the (3) ____________. In this phase,
sperm cell may enter the female reproductive system and (4) ___________ with
the egg cell. Fertilization will take place and the female adult will be (5)
___________.
Activity 2

Directions: Draw or Trace the four phases of menstrual cycle and write
a short description.
_________________ ________________
_________________ ________________
_________________ ________________
_________________ ________________
_________________ ________________
_________________ ________________
_________________ ________________

Phase 1 Phase 2

________________ _______________
________________ _______________
__________________ ________________
__________________ ________________
__________________ ________________
__________________ ________________
__________________ ________________
Phase 3 Phase 4

Activity 3
Direction: Look at the diagram. For each sentence below it, write the
matching letter form the diagram in the box.
 WRAP-UP
Directions: Sequencing the phases of menstrual cycle in the
chronological order by writing number 1- 4.
As the egg moves down the fallopian tube over several days, the lining
of the uterus continues to grow thicker and thicker.
If fertilization did not take place the thickening of the uterus breaks
down and comes out of the body through menstruation.
This is a woman’s monthly bleeding. During, this period, some eggs
begin to mature in the ovaries.
The lining of the uterus starts to grow due to hormone estrogen.

VALUING

How will you maintain personal hygiene during menstruation?

1. _______________________________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________________________
4. _______________________________________________________________________________
5. _______________________________________________________________________________

POSTTEST

Directions: Write the letter that gives the best answer.

1. What is the process of discharging the blood from the uterus at
regular intervals?
A. evaluation C. menstruation
B. ovulation D. puberty

2. How many days does it take for an egg cell to mature?

A. 5 days B. 10 days C. 20 days D. 28 days

3. When the matured egg is not fertilized, ___________ does not happen.
A. growth C. menstruation
B. ovulation D. pregnancy
 4. A female is capable of ___________ upon the onset of menstruation.
A. evaluation C. immunization
B. reproduction D. respiration

5. Every month __________ egg/eggs mature/matures.

a. five b. one c. three d. two

KEY TO CORRECTION

PRETEST ACTIVITY 1
1. Menstrual phase 1. Luteal phase
2. Follicular phase 2. ovary
3. Ovulation phase 3. Fallopian tube
4. Luteal phase 4. joined
5. 5. pregnant

RECAP ACTIVITY 2
1. fertilized egg 1. Menstrual phase _____________
2. 28 days 2. Follicular phase ______________
3. menstrual phase 3. Ovulation phase ______________
4. follicular phase 4. Luteal phase _________________
5. ovulation phase
6. Luteal phase

ACTIVITY 3 WRAP UP POSTTEST

1. D 1. 3 1. C
2. C 2. 4 2. D
3. C 3. 1 3. C
4. B 4. 2 4. B
5. A 5. B
6. A

REFERENCES
BOOK

Pascual, Amelia, Sarmiento, Liberacion, Alcober, Anastaci, Ranay, Zenaida

Exploring the World of Science 5 Quezon City: Adriana Publishing Co.
Inc.

Larisma, Evelyn T., Mariano, Jan Jason M., The New Science Links 5
Manila: Rex Book Store.

Sarte, Evelyn T., Garcia, Ednaliza R., Lopez, Eliza A., Dela Cruz, Mary Jean
G., Arradaza, Harold A., Science Beyond Borders 5, Manila: Vibal Group
Inc.