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Introduction-Instrumentation and Control Engineering

The document provides an overview of Instrumentation and Control Engineering, detailing its objectives, applications, and the importance of quality control, safety, and efficiency in various industries. It outlines the principles of measuring elements, instrumentation symbols, and methods for measuring pressure, temperature, and other analytical measurements. Additionally, it discusses the evolution of technology in this field and the components of an instrumentation loop, including measuring, receiving, and final control elements.

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abellen2002
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9 views23 pages

Introduction-Instrumentation and Control Engineering

The document provides an overview of Instrumentation and Control Engineering, detailing its objectives, applications, and the importance of quality control, safety, and efficiency in various industries. It outlines the principles of measuring elements, instrumentation symbols, and methods for measuring pressure, temperature, and other analytical measurements. Additionally, it discusses the evolution of technology in this field and the components of an instrumentation loop, including measuring, receiving, and final control elements.

Uploaded by

abellen2002
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Instrumentation and

Control Engineering
ENGR. BERNIE F. VILLALUNA
Objectives:

• Understand & explain what is Instrumentation and Process


Control and their applications in industry.
• Understand and explain the concept of the I&C and how it
works.
• Read and make P&ID’s, Loop Diagrams, and Logic diagrams.
• Connect sensors and actuators properly to ensure its proper
operations.
• Perform calculations involved to determine the output signal
value of a measuring element respect to what it is measure.
Outline:

• Introduction to Instrumentation & Process Control


Principles of measuring elements.
• Instrumentation Symbols and Drawings.
• Methods of Industrial Pressure and Level Measurement
• Methods of Industrial Temperature Measurement.
• Common Analytical Measurements.
• Programmable Logic Controller.
• Internet of Things (IoT).
Instrumentation and Control-Introduction

“Instrument”
Sources: 1. Webster’s School Dictionary
(Latin – Instrumentum = to construct, instruct, is done)
- Any mechanical device.
- A tool, implement, or apparatus.
- A device to produce music.
- A formal legal document.
- An agent, agency, or means whereby something is done.
- An apparatus for measuring distances.
- An electrical or mechanical device used for navigating an airplane.
- A measuring device for determining the present value of a quality under observation.
Purpose of
Instrumentation &
Control
• Quality Control – to maintain
the quality of products.
• Conservation of Energy & Raw
Materials.
• Safety – of People &
Equipment.
• Savings in installation.
• Research & development.
• Enterprise Management.
According to Industries and Sciences

• Aerospace • Oil and Gas.


• Automotive & Vehicle • Power and Energy
• Chemical Petroleum • Pulp and paper
• Construction Design • Semiconductor &
• Food and Beverages Electronics.
• Glass and Ceramics • Textile
• Marketing and Sales • Water and Wastewater
According to Automation & Technology

• Analysis
• Robotics & Expert Systems
• Computers
• Open system interconnection
• Process Measurement & Control
• Maintenance
• Test Measurement
• Automatic Control Systems.
Development

• 1798-1920 Mechanical Technology


• 1920 – 1965 Pneumatics Technology
• 1930 – 1940 Electrical Technology
• 1950 – Present Electronics Technology
• 1970 – Present Microprocessor Technology
• 1980 – Present Software Technology
• 2000 – Present Fourth Industrial Revolution. 4.0
Science & Technology Interaction with
Instrumentation & Control
The elements of the
Instrumentation
Loop
• Process - mechanical, electrical,
chemical, etc.
• Operation involving physical or
chemical of matter, conversion of
energy, composition.
• Measuring Element – sensors,
transmitters, transducers.
• Receiving Element – Indicators,
recorders, controllers, alarm units,
computer based-instruments.
• Final Control Element – control valve,
damper, motor drives, relay, etc.
Process
Measuring Element
The Receiving
elements
The Final Control
Element
Block Diagram of the Instrument Loop
What does a Control System Do?

• Measures the process variable


• Compares the variable with the set point
• Calculates the correction signal
• Generates the output signal
• Changes a manipulated variable to influence the PV to
return to the set point.
How is Control Done?

• Automatically, using instrumentation that performs the


necessary calculations in a control strategy without
requiring, but allowing, human intervention.

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