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Module-3-Multidimensional-Array

This lesson covers the concept of multidimensional arrays in C++, focusing on two-dimensional arrays. It provides syntax examples, graphical representations, and methods for initializing arrays, including explicit and implicit sizing. Additionally, it includes a sample program to calculate the sum of rows in a two-dimensional array.

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3 views

Module-3-Multidimensional-Array

This lesson covers the concept of multidimensional arrays in C++, focusing on two-dimensional arrays. It provides syntax examples, graphical representations, and methods for initializing arrays, including explicit and implicit sizing. Additionally, it includes a sample program to calculate the sum of rows in a two-dimensional array.

Uploaded by

nutwjdf
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 3: Multidimensional Array CC123 ( C ) – Intermediate Programming (Advanced C++)

MULTIDIMENSIONAL ARRAY
▪ The multi-dimensional array is that array in which data is
arranged in the form of array of arrays. The multi-dimensional
array can have as many dimensions as it required.
▪ So, two dimensional and three dimensional arrays are
commonly used.
LET US HAVE A LOOK AT THE SYNTAX:
datatype array_name [a1][a2][a3]…[an];
TWO - DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS

Syntax:

datatype arrayname[row][col];
Example:

int score[2][3];

Graphical Representation and Analogy:


Column
0 1 2
0 10 80 30
Row
1 40 50 90

The two-dimensional array score[r][c] is an integer data type and it can hold only an integer data with a
maximum of 6 values ( [2] X [3] ). here is the individual value of array variable score[2][3].

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Lesson 3: Multidimensional Array CC123 ( C ) – Intermediate Programming (Advanced C++)

score[0][0] = 10
score[0][1] = 80
score[0][2] = 30
score[1][0] = 40
score[1][1] = 50
score[1][2] = 90

The first index-number of two dimensional arrays specifies the maximum row(r), while the second index-number
specifies the maximum column(c). The value of each array is in between the intersection of row and column.

Example #1 Getting the Row Sum


#include<iostream.h>
int main()
{

int r,c,n[3][3],sum;

for(r=0;r<=2;r++)
{
for(c=0;c<=2;c++)
{
cout << "num " << r << " of " << c << ": ";
cin >> n[r][c];
}
cout << "------------------------\n";
}

for(r=0;r<=2;r++)
{
sum=0;
cout << " sum of row# " << r << ": ";
for(c=0;c<=2;c++)
{
cout << n[r][c] << ",";
sum = sum + n[r][c];
}
cout << " = " << sum << endl;

}
return 0;

Output:

num 0 of 0: 1
num 0 of 1: 2
num 0 of 2: 3
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Lesson 3: Multidimensional Array CC123 ( C ) – Intermediate Programming (Advanced C++)

------------------------
num 1 of 0: 4
num 1 of 1: 5
num 1 of 2: 6
------------------------
num 2 of 0: 7
num 2 of 1: 8
num 2 of 2: 9
------------------------
sum of row# 0: 1,2,3, = 6
sum of row# 1: 4,5,6, = 15
sum of row# 2: 7,8,9, = 24

Initializing Arrays

Initialization – means assigning a default value to a variable.

Example:

in Variables;

int sum = 0;

in Arrays;

int n[5];

n[0]=1;
n[1]=10;
n[2]=15;
n[3]=20;
n[4]=11;

int n[1][4];
n[0][0]= 20;
n[0][1]= 25;
n[0][2]= 30;
n[0][3]= 35;

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Lesson 3: Multidimensional Array CC123 ( C ) – Intermediate Programming (Advanced C++)

or if same value;

int num[100],n;

for(n=0;n<=99;n++)
{
num[n] = 0;
}

2 Alternative Methods for Initializing an Array

1. Explicit Array Sizing – means defining the size of an array by specifying a numerical constant within the square
bracket that explicitly specifies the size of that array.

int num[3]={2,4,6};
float ave[5] = {90.3, 75.79, 74.5, 80.1, 80.8};
char s1[5]={'h','e','l','l','o'};
char burger[12]={‘c’,’h’, ‘e’, ‘e’, ‘s’};
char s2[12] = "cheeseburger";
string str1[5]={"red","blue","yellow","green", “black”};

2. Implicit Array Sizing – the size of the array is indicated implicitly by the number of elements on the right side
of the assignment operator, which means that the square brackets are empty.

int num[]={2,4,6};
char s1[]={'h','e','l','l','o'};
char s3[]="hello world";
string str1[]={"red","blue","yellow","green"};

Initializing Multi-Dimensional Arrays

int num[3][2]={
{1,2},
{10,20},
{100,200}
};

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Lesson 3: Multidimensional Array CC123 ( C ) – Intermediate Programming (Advanced C++)

Prepared by:

Jordan L. Salenga, MIT


IT - Instructor

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