0% found this document useful (0 votes)
17 views22 pagesOE Assignment 1
The document discusses energy conservation and efficiency, highlighting the differences between renewable and non-renewable energy sources. It emphasizes the importance of technologies such as solar and wind energy in reducing carbon emissions and combating global warming. Additionally, it covers factors affecting biogas production and the mechanics of wind energy generation.
Uploaded by
Jayanth KumarCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
17 views22 pagesOE Assignment 1
The document discusses energy conservation and efficiency, highlighting the differences between renewable and non-renewable energy sources. It emphasizes the importance of technologies such as solar and wind energy in reducing carbon emissions and combating global warming. Additionally, it covers factors affecting biogas production and the mechanics of wind energy generation.
Uploaded by
Jayanth KumarCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 22
Renswob
ble egg] oc nee
noloqy peep
aa eed
pitterence Between Enesg') coraerverlior and
7
pregy Adicio .
negy EAA Ce i
as’) Energy Conservation -
ee nee ue bY
miniml Zing wostt , such at jorning oft
lights when not ecded: .
> Erevgy conservation Fo cust on benavis ta |
:
chang ,
| Eneiyy EHicingy
—? Eneryy eHicin | yearns oir -fec
tess energy 4 pertor™ the
4 LED folbs
pnoleg')
that aequite
same feak »
insted of ancandacent - one:
goch at urn
fy Energy efficien focoves oP technologie |
im provernen ts - ima Steen day
t) Didferernce beter oe
6
Source, :
41y:) primayy gourcel ° primar Sune) ATE nayr,.,
‘
aceving ond Ine lode fr ssi ful, nUCleay ¢y,,,
; : 7
and venewable — sovtees oe Solar, wind ..
Qeotherme l. :
> Primary Sor ces con be c [oni fied ine
Yerewable and hon yene wable » Renewah WE Score,
v+plenish na teavally over, Hye, while nop- yer.
ceulee| «ave Anite .
i oh eG =
Foil worl fie coal Gnd of | ane Paiman
. : ;
emery — Souves lt yequie — Combestle fev
energy Ht levies
Bote type ot energy — geances aeqoRe a8
vite! for “indestria | ano «Lo meitte a pe lice
,
: . Hur Lcse wo ones ©
ied pao mM
ad |
ay chetrici TS
s,s dary Sou xte \ :
: There are ales
sece
é
mar") ones, foc h
jy de GEN
5 jecbii TY fon erample 7 1 genertd from
sols natural aes 1 oa hyd vo pour!
rrggregen 1 considered 9 secondary
yrces provide canvenient fos of
SACs
uses
nymiio” anol
E jectricity ? a rm eifo seconca? } eneyy
ee is eyental fer modes 0 infos Pe"
AP yecon dar
4 ? ' yg} mav”
ron vex ic” of yp?! |
ery") involues {ow S Ac ine fRaceeell ;
‘ 3) Ever ‘4 De nyt) & qaen howe e€ Chee
Av) 7 ney) pers} :
' S do the a,
Irergy dewsityy wtf Grn
en: Sys few
od energy tend in ite spite
wv
ont oy volume
>a deTamihe how moch energy: «
0” mataial can provide when oud
foe) with high encog’y denwity. 13).
sf atodine sand - pucleary fotly ar fe
doy Pans Povativtion aad “po wet StH)
Fromples: y Gajoline
¥ Coal : ;
# bithiom-ion. Bettaids ek
Gwen house e ttect
~The Greenhouse Phecd is Q vertuaval pret
thet worms The earth’ sorherce :
> 74 Ofcurg When green hou fe gate 6 ey
=. | atmo Sphere , preven ng it
fre ry eso ping inte Spee. ee
4) Advarta ge) § Disodvante ge! ol solo
con (entra tt 7
ntra ted —caflerete vs 0 Flt ple cpl teeter
- T solar 7 j ~
7 concen tret Wy
wr ot ia leat €
gem, Collectors ' r ' to|lecteys:
4 owt
4 uting [Ab wtf
ain) | Fees gent
xiple
oir PIE mids jentes teichat [or lon)! fat prefer
land sponser peot bh
14 fluid of a contra l
fa fivid -
“points
Righey ¢ fficien'] at) Loewen,
nig | goitable fev 17?
Ex pensit¢ i to fucking port
vciey } ether y
derett?
h freee
| temperate
to Hovela be
d.
stem’ and c |
= pan aval widely vo
pire Requises tom pler | simple oe eee
malntenan’ fay | mmenn FeAl
(tracking and miyor!-| :
Space | Rear. losge “open tan pe qnitalled on
equite \ | yoo" all
atnent | are with divct *° mag! and Small€Y
son light: | spaces:
Suitaln lit ry Hoy © feeteicih gene ideal fox clomest ©
|. gaet't#9,* hestHind +
vd indostvio | ip plications
wan 202 with
Perfamonce, os cave a it
| Wy
| in cleud pads direct aftr gen leght:
cond Hark - son ight f re
' [ Mor re Wo does
Ream vs piftuse od tatlon : '
4 Solar energy! Sefer. ge method |
Qe? eam feddetinn © pireet sunlign) Thert
qeoches the eaatth w Tthout sod tering
pifduse Rodtatien * grad terd ‘sondight due
to cadmosp haric pertic fel, oT the
surface from mol Hple ange):
§ to7Ag¢. Methods -
Solar energy
Dy cThamal Energy serege >
Ini moteriall.. like Mo] Ht
sqoresS heat
sult, cater, o phate cho hge mecteyiu
to ihto Ue ‘
at if : .
ee Convert “Slav! Ent19 4
pate ler trerty ol sel /
bot teaies
Fg Lithiom-jon | fea d asd ) VU £L—<———
4) gsolav Energy ‘ :
1 i" :
genesation lectrial — Powe
olay ones . '
9) iN ener Bor bye
or
| son ;
¢ ' Gap dored ur’) po nels
ce lle c+toys *
eco - friends,
T+ OW st neuuble + obudant : oe
usd ky elecril tf gen eet
seolay energy »
pheroveltsi Cpv) sytem 5.
convert © Suh ' rye «
semi conducte Y
Hy
porel® t wdvect 'y
inte checeucr¥ ' osing
mmotetia ly.
+ Sola?
oe ejli@nhs ,
ured homed » pose ined se) t “and telav far
2 concentrated Solov pours (ENP:
inners o¥ lense 5 faces sondiged onto A
reece VTS
peat i ovd gener bY grea ¢ daily
a qucbine co produ“ e iccbat) >
ye power plant *
« See
cstta ble Pox fasye | [Tene aN cea
|
wSOn 6) w Renewable % non ~Renewerb te.
Non= Renewable / |
Cher ty
Renewable ener 4
——— | |
Necture lly yeplenithed Limited pels.
Low Carbon emer, gh pletion
Cave global Warm,
Clo - fiend ly
Tr Pinite ,tan be Oe ple ding, fakes
harne\ied Conti nubs millions of yeas) 7
| frm
Hight Tyra ( Re lect ve ly ches pey
Mivettment , Lo to prikealy / bu test
Operational ceyts joe jo foe! rice)
solar pameld, | pewt® Plan
wind, | : | ching cals
tuspined, , / oll an
hy dvoetects) « Pane e gad
dam, ere
a
4
d
cruplaiy The imptordance of non: convertor |
eooved IN ne cowtext of gle! worming
aan ) jeloi
oy conventional ENE) — Sour (ES coch a 3
ond 7
ands and Jeothamal, eo
fiend! c The he{e yeduce qpeen eos é 3
\ warm
Wosdans yp OC primary S globe
ey
“ fost foe ls, these sor ee de
oxi de : They
not
f
emit (Or, methane, °° nitees
facet * energy govieinal Hy mie ae Biv
ace wa ttt gotlotiony a yedue depenc | on
finit€ resource) * Ba oti er yee! ble S&
be can ot Ce te chor tnhan Ce
A ack te¥ lewy- +¢y ™
cre eco TF >
f Wy S } . . a
g babii TD A
truprenmental .
pep tHona
rdoed 4 vying hen-cenvt}
ay weedoted HY A
tanker dioxide [OY
a Sources at ae
| a
hea WE (ota) / ancl
yur | Hott S F (lo {ooese “<
}) tohat ih te AL flaence be furor Solar wens
ad Glan chi te p t Ex plein the Various
Hoc liy \ sats +
solay Tow’ | Uys an aro of mirvey
. cues
1 Iocos ssentii one a Centra
Bece tveys
Looking principle 7 Minos hack The sen and
oy ne
foces + energy ohn a atagle feind
t Generate steam!
A fplicetion | Blectsicity Jerovetion .
aly a) 5 OS Solay Prey fe heay gir
Ceding can opdredd ted ddive fer bine)
waking Prindigh : Aix inside the chimney id heated
and —rigt poets anffu & qereree
Powey .
OP eelicaion » :
MEM cet 2 E fa) {ene Hon ancl vntileion
¥ Ra
{Her CLE Moy °°
4 weed site
deh, ex ple tne k a
1 wating pared
ay watt he ting sym 7 a
geo torn> { :
end camer fe te ger
en
eyeing ernciple ‘
The yuh :) fall on 1 selar collector a A block
-$not dew tre Ce lets hich aluyey
ond andes rts
aN co \lec ted in
of
ahinhin govface
\eot energy
i]
Le adic! ion
treotecl
te Wwatty through id
atecl
pol wach ‘ Dao! ~ 4 grovel she
a HdaCSEN 0400050
f fovea of
Ny Wht ae the factors affecting —the Pevtovenance
regan digesters ?
“The pertermonce 04 biogas digesters depends on
tein bie
Sevewel actors thal — Fattuence the effi ciency of anaero
digestion and he amount of biogas produced » ere
factor Ss inclode:
Agitation and MY xttng :
eENseving Hemate
Neady dy
MN sing plays a Crodal sole to
Contact — Keluscen mrcroovgant ims , wich
XM BNeved
Sev ment aon
achieved Ako
eM icreney LtThis can be
Vareos methods
aNeving Sobet anc gutted
Carbon to tw
FAneluding daily feeding 4
Mp, a instatting staring devices .
Heogen Ratio + Mai tleicing © proper Carton do
Nevegen Cetin) nalie ic eesemiat fo ol cveas\ Reger
prodvctions A sitio ASwV Ae BOWL Ve Considered deal, aah
Prodive, Whe Neceesany — nulvier\s
low anaerolic — hackevia.
Sabinaty % Salindy has
& meqative Vempact on Bo gar
yield. Studies have shew lel Begar a stowl
stelated ta the salindy of
Ge HF Sttovy Factors
ws Sew evsely
Cos manore Comal Chol + Relates ahen wind turns the blides
|
3. Geney ates 2 Converts mechanical to electvical ener
aS 7
U.* Tewey : Supports he Nolay and genexedor .
Werting
Wind Flow 2 Wind flows Mroegh «te vorer blades, cavsing “Bm
Geroe Fa
Relation “The cerhral ahaft sicteler ax the blades ferns
Mechanical Enevgy + ~The srotating shell sransters mechanical enagy
ste “the generates «
Electyical Enevgy ¢ “TRE generator Converts mechanical ereng
€ leeds cat
Sorte
energy .
Pouser Transmission ¢ =Th ;
VSS 101 ee clecta coh energy Vs thanemitled to
whe poses id Bl used fo cally .
A dvarrl. gee
ft Ononiclinectional
a ow Norse
\* Zompacl Devign Die Qdvarrlage.
KX Lower Btiicens
HU22¢SENI04OOOSO
& Higher Marrlatnance
16] Iohat 3s Ahe comperition ot bloga! Give the details of
biomass ergy + Explain atdha neat cketeh any onc:
Composition os Biogas + Biogar Ts a mixture of gee
Produced thicegh anarchic digestion of sygonic meter . “Whe
typical Composition of bhogen ie
9 Methane (ud) + so toy,
¥ Canton dioxide Leos) % 30-u0%
* Nthogen Crd cons y
Oxygen COV o-2%
a Ydrogen Solfide Chas) s ote
Wectey Vapow +
+
x
nd
Ors y%
Biomass Enevay + Boman energy tt geonaled hom Oxqanic
ROUSE seeps plone | eed agin yap Mi ips
| converted inte vanious forms of enengy Socladt ng +
| tleacl : Biomass Gn be burned ~/y produce heel for Cooking ,
_ Space healing 1 @ industrial
Electricity
Blomars can he
Processey.
Converted |
Note clecthicidy “Brovgh
| VaNOLS mmedhodr , including — Cembustion, gertiaction , 2 anarrebic
digestion . i
Wieleels : Biemars can bee Cornavtled tate biofuels, Such ad
ethanol A blodiesel, ushich can be used fe power
vechicles. i Hv99CSE No4u000S0 _
\1) WWovkling principle of Puct Cetly & PEM Fuel cell 2 |
Evel cells generate electaicidy by Converting abe ea!
energy Vode electrical energy Ahyough an electrochemical seaction.
Shey censist of ao anode, Cathode ancl elecholyte. Tr a
© Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells hydvogen is Supplied
ile Abe amede, usheve V1 splits Fle pretens and eleclyors . The
|
Whe elecdr ons Navel
pre dens Poss through Abe electrolyte membrane, ushile
AGvough an external dxcoty Jenerating
| eledwcidy. AX Abe cathode , protons and elechons Cambine
with oy gen de fone wetter an ag by product ‘
STs Broters Caninve ar long a bydrogen and orygen
axe — Supplied , maleing PEM oct aelly efficent and environmen
wlalty tvrcodly. Wey opmrate at relatively low slempevel over
anct axe usidely used 19 tNansper dation — anel portable power
o pplications ‘ |
5} WDhal ave the herdids of feet celle? Write a rote on |
\% a
Wee idea! ard meal atticrencia of the fuel coll ?
over Coovedlooal
Poel celts otter — nvmevous advarrlages
gewer generation meteds. “They provide high fN chency, wilh
: Ste the ideal
steal world Valuer ranging between go.coyx, whrle |
— elficiency = Can theoneWeally seach 834. 5 Calike Com boition
engi as fool Calls produce woly voles as a bypredoct p making
Alben ervisonmertally friendly. “they operate silently fi ie efeuser
poo __ Hb92CSEA10400050
moving pasts maralor nance. Fuel cells |
poand equine mroimal
pan USC hy droge ry devived — trom ev aler nae: energy golutien |
Mecseven , etficiency lesces oceos due -lo heel Joretion ancl |
|
toel cressoves © “TS enhance perstes mance ampneverrents tn
calaly sls 1 Operating Aerapmalore and mermisnane Condvdivicly co
He Cermary + Despite ther bemfite, bagh inrlad
Cosls cand
hydrogen Sov age challenger memain bowiers te widespread
a doption .
Whal ve ~Ahe selation belvseen aciviation energy and yeackion
Hime ?
Activation
OAT Fs tthe minimum energy mequined fox |
a chemical reactlan te accor. highey aélvuation enagy
steesulls tnia Slowey Neagllon time since more energy ts
needed te initiate he Protess. Ga contrat, a leases
activation energy allows fe Neaclion bo proceed mote
quickly. Sn foe! cells , Past
steactions gyve crucial dor
efficient — eleclvi cidy genciation ie
qresence of calalysds,
|
\
|
|
|
exh a platinom, meducer activation energy, Speeding wp. “tbe |
lydvogen - osygen seagiom — and improving stect cell pedestal
MY itionalty ’ dperat ng slemperal ove atfecds
activckos |
energy 1 woth highes {enn pesaloren pteducing the energy |
borvier and tnevasing meachon sarte,. OBE ting achvdion
\
ennqy is esedlial Loy ackheving Gah et ticrency In dock.
oo a adh Explaia -the fous mayor steps Ra the gronatien
Huggcseé Mo400050
ot
elecdvcdy wethin a duel cell 2
Roel cell
Whe preces od eleckiverly generate oe
javelver teow Wey Sheps. Fined» hy dvegen fuel ve cupped te
sWhe anede, where A Undergoes aidction rsplitt ng ‘nto protons
an
and elecdvony. Nerd Abe elecdnons are Loxced Trough
external cared | genecting an eleclvic Curren chal powers
devices. Simoltlaneousty , “the protons eleeoe\ shncugh the clechidy
she soerstrane lo veach “the Cathode. Finally, at cthe Cathode,
Srygen Combine udeth the protens and — electrons cle form
wats ar a byproduct. SThere Steps occur Continsnsly os long
ar hydrogen and oxygen ave Supplied 1 enguring a steady
qenercion of clecwicidy — eavthast — Combestion, reise
harmful ert ssiong.
Hows Gan we opiate the kinetic performance of o toel ced?
Ge Kinetic pevdermance ad a feel coth sefes be che
speed and elficiency of electrochemical rreaclons - Several
metheds Can enhance ~this pevlermance, such an Using, bigh
portorcn ance codalysts Like platinors and polladiiom te acceler ale
sxea Chron « Tnerearing ale Operating cl emperature meducer activa
on Energy. lending ole ceoter neacion ele, .
Seapievin enysyane oC tv)
i ee 3 membbyan ond uctividy ensorex — o-hiciertl proton [ =
