Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

Questions
1. The equation of a circle, whose centre is (2, –1) and radius is 3, is _____.
(a) x 2 + y 2 + 4 x − 2 y + 4 = 0 (b) x 2 + y 2 − 4 x + 2 y − 4 = 0
(c) x 2 + y 2 + 4 x + 2 y − 4 = 0 (d) x 2 + y 2 + 2 x − 4 y − 4 = 0

2. If the lines x + y = 7 and x − y = 1 are diameters of a circle of area 154 square units, then the
equation of the circle is _____.
(a) x 2 + y 2 − 8 x − 6 y + 24 = 0 (b) x 2 + y 2 − 8 x − 6 y − 24 = 0
(c) x 2 + y 2 − 8 x − 6 y − 25 = 0 (d) x 2 + y 2 − 8 x − 6 y + 25 = 0

3. The equation of the circle having centre (2, -3) and passing through the intersection of
3x + 2 y = 11 and 2 x + 3 y = 4 is
(a) (x - 2)2 + (y + 3)2 = 5 (b) (x + 2)2 + (y - 3)2 = 10
(c) (x - 2)2 + (y + 3)2 = 10 (d) (x + 2)2 + (y - 3)2 = 5

4. One of the equations of a circle of radius 13 whose centre lies on x-axis and passes through the
point (4, 5), is
(a) x2 + y2 - 32x + 37 = 0 (b) x2 + y2 + 16x + 87 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 - 32x - 105 = 0 (d) x2 + y2 + 16x -105 = 0
5. Find the equation of a circle passing through (1, 2), whose centre lies on the y-axis, and whose
radius is 4 units.
6. Find the equation of the circle which passes through (2, 3), whose centre lies on the x-axis and
whose radius is 5.
7. Find equation of circle passing through (1, 1) and (2, 3) and whose centre lies on y = x .
8. Find the equation of circle which passes through the points (1, -2), (4, -3) and whose centre lies
on the line x + y = 2.
9. Find the equation of a circle passing through (1, 2), having radius 2 units, and whose centre lies
on y = 3x.
10. The circle passing through the point (-1, 0) and touching the y-axis at (0, 2) also passes through
the point
 3   5   3 5
(a)  − , 0  (b)  − , 2  (c)  − ,  (d) ( −4, 0 )
 2   2   2 2
11. The equation of the circle which touches the x-axis, and whose centre is (1, 2 ) , is
(a) x 2 + y 2 − 2 x + 4 y + 1 = 0 (b) x 2 + y 2 + 4 x + 2 y + 4 = 0
(c) x 2 + y 2 + 2 x + 4 y + 1 = 0 (d) x 2 + y 2 − 2 x − 4 y + 1 = 0

12. The equation of the circle touching the Y axis, and having centre (–2, –3), is _____.
(a) x 2 + y 2 − 4 x − 9 y − 4 = 0 (b) x 2 + y 2 + 4 x + 9 y + 4 = 0
(c) x 2 + y 2 + 4 x + 6 y + 9 = 0 (d) x 2 + y 2 − 4 x − 6 y − 9 = 0

13. If a circle lying in the 3rd quadrant, touches the Y axis at (0, – 3), and has an area of 4𝜋 square
units, then find its equation.
Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

14. Centre of the circle x 2 + y 2 − 2 x + 4 y + 1 = 0 is _____.

(a) (1, -2) (b) (-1, 2) (c) (1, 2) (d) (– 1, – 2)

15. If (6, – 3) is one extremity of diameter of the circle x 2 + y 2 − 3x + 8 y − 3 = 0 then its other
extremity is _____.
3 
(a)  , − 4  (b) ( −3, − 5) (c) ( 3, − 5) (d) ( 3, 5 )
2 
16. Equation of the circle concentric with the circle x2 + y2 - 6x + 12y + 15 = 0 and of double its
area is
(a) x2 + y2 - 3x + 12y -15 = 0 (b) x2 + y2 - 6x + 12y - 15 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 - 3x + 12y -30 = 0 (d) x2 + y2 - 6x + 12y -20 = 0

17. Find the equation of the circle which passes through the points (5, -8), (2, -9) and (2, 1).
18. Find the equation of a circle having centre in 1st quadrant, touching both axes, and having
radius 1 unit.
19. Find the equations of the circles touching both the axes and passing through the point (4, 2).
20. Find equation of circle drawn on the intercepts made by x + y + 1 = 0 with axes as diameter.
21. If y = 2x is a chord of the circle x2 + y2 - 10x = 0, find the equation of a circle with this chord as
diameter.
22. The equation of the circle, the end points of whose diameter are the centers of
x2 + y2 + 6x - 14y = 1 and x2 + y2 - 4x + 10y = 2 is
(a) x2 + y2 + x - 2y - 41 = 0 (b) x2 + y2 - x + 2y - 41 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 + x + 2y - 41 = 0 (d) x2 + y2 + x - 2y + 41 = 0

23. The abscissae and ordinates of the points A and B are the roots of the equations x 2 + 2ax + b = 0
and x 2 + 2cx + d = 0 respectively, then the equation of circle with AB as diameter is _____.
(a) x 2 + y 2 + 2ax + 2cy + b + d = 0 (b) x 2 + y 2 – 2ax – 2cy – b – d = 0
(c) x 2 + y 2 – 2ax – 2cy + b + d = 0 (d) x 2 + y 2 + 2ax + 2cy – b – d = 0

24. If A is the center of the circle x 2 + y 2 + 2 x − 6 y − 1 = 0 and B is the point of intersection of the lines
2 x + 5 y − 16 = 0 and x + y − 5 = 0 , then find the equation of the circle whose diameter is AB.

25. Parametric coordinates of any point of the circle x 2 + y 2 + 2 x − 3 y − 4 = 0 are

 5 5  5 5 
(a)  −1 + cos ,3 + sin   (b)  cos , sin  
 2 2  2 2 
 5 3 5 
(c)  −1 + cos , + sin   (d) None of these
 2 2 2 
26. Find the parametric form of a circle whose equation is x2 + y2 − 2x − 6y − 15 = 0.
27. P is a variable point on the circle with center at C(2, 3) and radius 2 units. CA and CB are perpendiculars
from C on to the X and Y axes respectively. Find locus of the centroid of triangle PAB.
28. Find the length of intercept, the circle x2 + y2 + 10x - 6y + 9 = 0 makes on the x-axis.
29. The length of intercept on Y-axis, by a circle whose diameter is the line joining the points
(−4,3) and (12, -1) is _____.
Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

30. Find equation of circle which touches the positive y -axis at a distance of 4 units from origin
and cuts off an intercept of 6 units on the x-axis.
31. The length of intercept made by ( x − 1) 2 + ( y − 2) 2 = 4 on y = x is
7
(a) 7 (b) 14 (c) (d) None of these
2
32. Find equation of locus of centre of circle which touches y-axis and having intercept on
x-axis of length 2l.
33. Write S1 and T for the following : S ≡ x2 + 2y2 − 3x + 4y + 3 at the point (1, 2).

34. Consider the circle x 2 + y 2 + 2 x − 4 y − 4 = 0 and a point P(1, 2), then

(a) P lies inside the circle (b) P lies on the circle
(c) P lies outside the circle (d) cannot be determined
35. Find the greatest and least distances of the point P(2, 1) from the circle x 2 + y 2 − 6 x + 4 y − 12 = 0
36. The greatest distance of the point P (10, 7) from the circle x 2 + y 2 – 4 x – 2 y – 20 = 0 is _____.
(a) 10 (b) 15 (c) 5 (d) None of these.
37. If the circle x 2 + y 2 = a 2 cuts off a chord of length 2b from the line y = mx + c, then-
(a) (1 − m 2 )(a 2 − b 2 ) = c 2 (b) (1 + m 2 )(a 2 − b 2 ) = c 2
(c) (1 − m 2 )(a 2 + b 2 ) = c 2 (d) none of these

38. The circles x 2 + y 2 = 1 and x 2 + y 2 − 2 x − 6 y + 6 = 0 are cutting each other at ____ distinct points.
39. A circle of radius 2 lies in the first quadrant and touches both the axes. Find the equation of the
circle with center at (6, 5) and touching the above circle externally.
1 1 1
40. Prove that the circles x2 + y2 + 2ax + c = 0 and x2 + y2 + 2by + c = 0 touch each other if + + .
c a 2 b2
41. The circle passing through (1, –2) and touching the x-axis at (3, 0) also passes through the point
(a) (-5, 2) (b) (2, -5) (c) (5, -2) (d) (-2, 5)
42. Find the equation of the circle through points of intersection of circles x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 4 = 0
and the line x + 2y = 4 which touches the line x + 2y = 0.
43. Find the equation of the circle which passes through the point of intersection of circles
x2 + y2 – 8x – 2y + 7 = 0 and x2 + y2 – 4x + 10y + 8 = 0 and having its centre on y-axis.

44. Two circles, x2 + y2 = 6 and x2 + y2 − 6x + 8 = 0 are given. Then the equation of the circle
passing through their points of intersection and also passing through the point (1, 1) is _____.
(a) x2 + y2 – 6x + 4 = 0 (b) x2 + y2 – 3x + 1 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 – 4x + 2 = 0 (d) none of these
45. The equation of the circle having its center on the line x + 2 y − 3 = 0 and passing through the points
of intersection of the circles x 2 + y 2 − 2 x − 4 y + 1 = 0 and x 2 + y 2 − 4 x − 2 y + 4 = 0 , is _____.
(a) x 2 + y 2 − 6 x + 7 = 0 (b) x 2 + y 2 − 3 y + 4 = 0
(c) x 2 + y 2 − 2 x − 2 y + 1 = 0 (d) x 2 + y 2 + 2 x − 4 y + 4 = 0

46. The equation of the circle through the points of intersection of x2 + y 2 − 1 = 0 ,

x 2 + y 2 − 2 x − 4 y + 1 = 0 and touching the line x + 2 y = 0 , is _____.
Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

47. The equation of the circle whose diameter is the common chord of the circles
x 2 + y 2 + 3 x + y + 5 = 0 and x 2 + y 2 + 3 x + 4 y + 2 = 0 is
(a) x 2 + y 2 + 2 x + 3 y + 1 = 0 (b) x 2 + y 2 + x + 3 y + 7 = 0
(c) x 2 + y 2 + 2 x + 3 y + 1 = 0 (d) 2( x 2 + y 2 ) + 6 x + 2 y + 1 = 0

48. The equation of circle passing through the point (2, 1) and touching the line x + 2y – 1 = 0 and
the point (3, -1) is
(a) 3 x 2 + 3 y 2 − 23x − 4 y + 35 = 0 (b) 3 x 2 + 3 y 2 + 23x + 4 y − 35 = 0
(c) x 2 + y 2 − 23x − 4 y + 35 = 0 (d) x 2 + y 2 + 23x + 4 y − 35 = 0

49. The equation of the circle which passes through the point of intersection of circles
x 2 + y 2 − 8 x − 2 y + 7 = 0 and x 2 + y 2 − 4 x + 10 y + 8 = 0 and having its centre on Y-axis, will be :
(a) x 2 + y 2 + 22 x + 9 = 0 (b) x 2 + y 2 + 22 x − 9 = 0
(c) x 2 + y 2 + 22 y + 9 = 0 (d) x 2 + y 2 + 22 y − 9 = 0

50. The equation of line passing through the points of intersection of circles 3 x 2 + 3 y 2 − 2 x + 12 y − 9 = 0
and x 2 + y 2 + 6 x + 2 y − 15 = 0 , is _____.
(a) 10 x − 3 y − 18 = 0 (b) 10 x + 3 y − 18 = 0
(c) 10 x + 3 y + 18 = 0 (d) None of these

51. The circle x 2 + y 2 + 2 gx + 2 fy + c = 0 bisects the circumference of the circle

x 2 + y 2 + 2 g ' x + 2 f ' y + c ' = 0 , if _____.
(a) 2 g '( g − g ') + 2 f '( f − f ') = c − c ' (b) g '( g − g ') + f '( f − f ') = c − c '
(c) f ( g − g ') + g ( f − f ') = c − c ' (d) none of these

52. The equation of the circle, one of whose diameters is the chord x − y − 1 = 0 of the circle
2 x 2 + 2 y 2 − 2 x − 6 y − 25 = 0 , is _____.
53. Find the equation of CoC of circle x2 + y2 - 4x + 10y - 7 = 0 with respect to the point (1, 3).
54. Find the equation of CoC of circle x2 + y2 - 2x - 2y - 7 = 0 whose midpoint is (2, 3).
55. Midpoint of the chord of the circle x 2 + y 2 = 25 intercepted on the line x − 2 y = 2 is _____.

3 4 2 4 8 1
(a)  ,  (b) (−2, −2) (c)  , −  (d)  , 
5 5 5 5 3 3
56. From the origin, chords are drawn to the circle ( x − 1) 2 + y 2 = 1 . The equation of the locus of the
midpoints of these chords is _____.
(a) x 2 + y 2 − 3 x = 0 (b) x 2 + y 2 − 3 y = 0 (c) x 2 + y 2 − x = 0 (d) x 2 + y 2 − y = 0

57. If the line x - 2y + 1 = 0 intersects the circle x2 + y2 = 25 in points P and Q, then find the coordinates
of the point of intersection of tangents drawn at P and Q to the circle x2 + y2 = 25.

58. Tangents are drawn to the circle x2 + y2 = 16 at the points where it intersects the circle
x2 + y2 - 6x - 8y - 8 = 0, then the point of intersection of these tangents is
(a) (4, 16) (b) (12, 16) (c) (3, 4) (d) (16, 12)
Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

59. The locus of the middle point of the chords of the circle x2 + y2 = a2 such that the chords pass
through a given point (x1, y1), is
(a) x2 + y2 – xx1 – yy1 = 0 (b) x2 + y2 = x12 + y12
(c) x + y = x1 + y1 (d) x + y = x12 + y12

60. If the circle of same radius a and centers at (2, 3) and (5, 6) cut orthogonally, then a is equal to
(a) 6 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 10
61. If a circle pass through the point (a, b) and cuts the circle x2 + y2 = 4 orthogonally, find the
locus of its centre.
62. The equation of the circle which passes through the origin, has its centre on the line x + y = 4
and cuts the circle x2 + y2 - 4x + 2y + 4 = 0 orthogonally is ________.
Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

Answer Key
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (d)

( )
2
5. x 2 + y − 2  15 = 16 6. x 2 + y 2 + 4 x − 21 = 0 & x 2 + y 2 − 6 x + 11 = 0

2 2
 11   11  25
7.  x −  +  y −  = 8. x 2 + y 2 − 6 x + 2 y + 5 = 0
 6  6 36

( ) + ( y − 21  3 39 )
2 2
9. x − 7  39 =4 10. (d) 11. (d)

12. (c) 13. x 2 + y 2 + 4 x + 6 y + 9 = 0 14. (a)

15. (b) 16. (b) 17. x 2 + y 2 − 4 x + 8 y − 5 = 0

18. x 2 + y 2 − 2 x − 2 y + 1 = 0 19. x2 + y2 - 4x - 4y + 4 = 0 and x2 + y2 - 20x - 20y + 100 = 0

20. x 2 + y 2 + x + y = 0 21. x2 + y2 - 2x - 4y = 0 22. (a)

23. (a) 24. x 2 + y 2 − 2 x − 5 y + 3 = 0 25. (d)

26. x = 1 + 5cos , y = 3 + 5sin  27. 3x 2 + 3 y 2 − 8 x − 12 y + 16 = 0 28. 8

29. 4 13 30. ( x  5)2 + ( y − 4)2 = 25 31. (b)

−x 11
32. x2 – y2 = l2 33. S1 = 14, T  + 6y + 34. (a)
2 2

35. Greatest distance = 5 + 10 , Least distance = 5 − 10 36. (b)

37. (b) 38. 2 39. x 2 + y 2 − 12 x − 10 y + 52

41. (c) 42. x2 + y2 – x – 2y = 0 43. (d)

44. x 2 + y 2 + 22 y − 9 = 0 45. (a) 46. x 2 + y 2 − x − 2 y = 0

47. (b) 48. (a) 49. (c)

50. (a) 51. (d) 52. 2 x 2 + 2 y 2 − 6 x − 2 y − 21 = 0

53. x − 8 y = 6 54. x + 2 y = 8 55. (c) 56. (c)

57. (-25, 50) 58. (b) 59. (a) 60. (c)

61. 2ax + 2by − ( a 2 + b 2 + 4 ) = 0 62. x 2 + y 2 − 4 x − 4 y = 0

Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

Solutions
1.
Given: centre is (2, –1) and radius is 3
Therefore, the equation of the circle is given by
( x − 2) + ( y + 1) = 32
2 2

 x2 − 4 x + 4 + y 2 + 2 y + 1 = 9
 x2 + y 2 − 4x + 2 y − 4 = 0
2.
Given : x + y = 7 and x − y = 1 are diameters of a circle
Centre of circle = Point of intersection of diameters,
i.e. ( 4, 3)
Now area = 154
  r 2 = 154
r =7
Hence the equation of required circle is
( x − 4) + ( y − 3) = 7 2
2 2

 x 2 + y 2 − 8 x − 6 y − 24 = 0

3.
The given lines are 3 x + 2 y = 11 and 2 x + 3 y = 4
Solving these two simultaneously, we get the point of intersection as A(5, -2)
Centre of circle is C(2, -3) and it passes through A(5, -2)
 radius = CA
= (5 − 2) 2 + (−2 + 3) 2 = 10
Hence, the equation of the circle is
( x − 2) 2 + ( y + 3) 2 = 10

4.
Centre lies on x-axis
Therefore, centre of circle is (a, 0)
Thus, equation of circle is
(a − 4) 2 + (0 − 5) 2 = 132
 a 2 − 18a + 16 + 25 = 169
 a 2 − 18a + 16 = 144
 a − 4 = 12
 a = 16, −8
Thus, the coordinates of centre are (16,0), (−8,0)
Hence, the equation of the required circle is
( x − 16) 2 + ( y − 0) 2 = 132 and ( x + 8) 2 + ( y − 0) 2 = 132
 x 2 + y 2 − 32 x + 87 = 0 and x 2 + y 2 + 16 x − 105 = 0
Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

5.
Let the centre be ( 0,  )
 Equation of circle is x 2 + ( y −  ) = 16
2

Since it passes through (1, 2 )

(1) + ( 2 −  ) = 16
2 2

  2 − 4  − 11 = 0
4  16 + 44 4  2 15
= = = 2  15
2 2
( )
2
 Possible equations of circle are x 2 + y − 2  15 = 16

6.
Centre lies on x-axis, lets take it as (a, 0)
Thus, equation of circle is (x − a) 2 + y 2 = 25
Now, since (2, 3) lies on the circle,
 (2 − a) 2 + 32 = 15
 a 2 − 4a − 12 = 0
 a = −2,6
Hence, the equation of the required circle is
( x + 2) 2 + ( y − 0) 2 = 52 and ( x − 6) 2 + ( y − 0) 2 = 52
 x 2 + y 2 + 4 x − 21 = 0 and x 2 + y 2 − 6 x + 11 = 0

7.
Let the centre be ( k , k )
 Equation of circle is ( x − k ) + ( y − k ) = r 2
2 2

Since it passes through (1, 1) and ( 2, 3) ,

( k − 1) + ( k − 1) = r 2 and ( k − 2 ) + ( k − 3) = r 2
2 2 2 2

 ( k − 1 − k + 2 )( k − 1 + k − 2 ) + ( k − 1 − k + 3)( k − 1 + k − 3) = 0
 2k − 3 + 4k − 8 = 0
11
k=
6
25
 r2 =
36
2 2
 11   11  25
 Equation of circle is  x −  +  y −  =
 6  6 36
8.
Let the centre of the circle be (t , 2 − t )
(t − 1) 2 + (2 − t + 2) 2 = (t − 4) 2 + (2 − t + 3) 2
t 2 − 2t + 1 = t 2 − 10t + 25
 8t = 24  t = 3
Hence, centre is (3, -1)
Radius = (3 − 1) 2 + ( −1 + 2) 2 = 5
Equation of Circle is ( x − 3) 2 + ( y + 1) 2 = ( 5) 2
 x2 + y 2 − 6x + 2 y + 5 = 0
Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

9.
Let centre of circle be ( t , 3t )
 Equation of circle is ( x − t ) + ( y − 3t ) = 4
2 2

Since it passes through (1, 2 ) ,

( t − 1) + ( 3t − 2 ) = 4
2 2

 t 2 − 2t + 1 + 9t 2 − 12t + 4 = 4
 10t 2 − 14t + 1 = 0
14  196 − 40
t= = 7  39
2
 Possible equations of circles are

(x − 7  ) + ( y − 21  3 39 )
2 2
39 =4

10.

The equation of the circle directing y-axis at (0, 2) can be put in the form
( x − h) 2 + ( y − 2) 2 = h 2
which passes through (-1,0) if
(−1 − h) 2 + 4 = h 2
5
h=−
2
Thus, the equation of the circle is
2 2
 5 5
 x +  + ( y − 2) =  
2

 2 2
which passes through (-4, 0)

11.
Centre (1, 2 ) and since circle touches the x-axis,
therefore, radius is equal to 2.
Hence the equation is ( x − 1) + ( y − 2 ) = 22
2 2

 x2 + y 2 − 2x − 4 y + 1 = 0

12.
Here, radius of circle = −2 = 2
 Its equation is ( x + 2 ) + ( y + 3) = 22
2 2

or x 2 + y 2 + 4 x + 6 y + 9 = 0
Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

13.

14.
2 g = −2  g = −1
2f =4  f =2
 Centre is (1, − 2 )

15.
3 
Centre of circle is  , − 4 
2 
Let the other extermity be ( h, k )
 6 + h  3  −3 + k 
 = ,   = −4
 2  2  2 
 ( −3, − 5 )

16.
The circle is concentric to x 2 + y 2 − 6 x + 12 y + 15 = 0
 r = 30
 Area of the given circle =  r 2 = 30 Sq. units
Area of the required circle = 2(30 ) = 60 Sq. units
  R 2 = 60
 R = 60
Since both circles are conccentric
 Centre of required circle is (3, -6)
 Equation of required Circle is
( x − 3) 2 + ( y + 6) 2 = ( 60) 2
 x 2 + y 2 − 6 x + 12 y − 15 = 0

17.
Let the equation of required circle be
x 2 + y 2 + 2 gx + 2 fy + c = 0 ...(i )
Since, it passes through (5, -8), (2, -9) and (2, 1).
On substituting the coordinates of three points in equation (i), we get
Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

89 + 10 g − 16 f + c = 0 ....(ii )
85 + 4 g − 18 f + c = 0 ....(iii )
5 + 4 g + 2 f + c = 0 ....(iv)
On solving (ii), (iii) and (iv), we get
f = 4, g = -2 and c = - 5
Therefore, equation of the required circle is x2 + y2 - 4x + 8y - 5 = 0

18.
Since the circle touches both axes in the 1st quadrant
and radius is 1 unit,
therefore its centre is (1, 1)
 Equation of circle is ( x − 1) + ( y − 1) = 1,
2 2

that is x 2 + y 2 − 2 x − 2 y + 1 = 0

19.
Since the circle touches both the axes, the centre has to be of the form (k, k) and radius equals |k|.
The circle may be assumed as (x - k)2 + (y - k)2 = k2
Since it passes through (4, 2)
(4 - k)2 + (2 - k)2 = k2
⇒ k2 - 12k + 20 = 0
Giving k = 2, 10
The circles are x2 + y2 - 4x - 4y + 4 = 0 and x2 + y2 - 20x - 20y + 100 = 0

20.
The intercepts are ( −1, 0 ) and ( 0, − 1)
 Equation of circle is ( x + 1)( x − 0 ) + ( y − 0 )( y + 1) = 0,
that is, x 2 + y 2 + x + y = 0

21.
Putting y = 2x in x2 + y2 - 10x = 0, we get
x2 + (2x)2 - 10x = 0
⇒ 5x2 - 10x = 0
⇒ x = 0, 2.
Thus, y = 0 and y = 4.
Thus, the points of intersection of the given line and the given circle are A(0, 0) and B(2, 4).
Therefore, equation of the circle with chord AB as diameter is -
(x - 0)(x - 2) + (y - 0)(y - 4) = 0
⇒ x2 + y2 - 2x - 4y = 0

22.
x2 + y2 + 6x – 14y –1 = 0 has centre (–3, 7)
x2 + y2 – 4x + 10y – 2 = 0 has centre (2, –5)
Equation of the required circle is
(x + 3)(x – 2) + (y – 7)(y + 5) = 0
⇒ x2 + y2 + x – 2y – 41 = 0
Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

23.
If roots of x 2 + 2ax + b = 0 are x1 and x2 , then
x1 + x2 = −2a and x1 x2 = b
Similarly if roots of x 2 + 2cx + d = 0 are y1 and y2 , then
y1 + y2 = −2c, y1 y2 = d
Now equation of required circle is
( x − x1 )( x − x2 ) + ( y − y1 )( y − y2 ) = 0
 x 2 + y 2 − x ( x1 + x2 ) − y ( y1 + y2 ) + x1 x2 + y1 y2 = 0
 x 2 + y 2 + 2ax + 2cy + b + d = 0

24.
Centre of x 2 + y 2 + 2 x − 6 y − 1 = 0 is A ( −1, 3) .
Point of intersection of 2 x + 5 y − 16 = 0 and x + y − 5 = 0 is B ( 3, 2 ) .
So, equation of circle with AB as diameter will be as follows.
( x + 1)( x − 3) + ( y − 3)( y − 2 ) = 0
 x2 − 2x − 3 + y 2 − 5 y + 6 = 0
 x2 + y 2 − 2x − 5 y + 3 = 0

25.

26.

27.
Since P is any point on the circle with centre (2, 3) and radius 2 units
Let P (2 + 2cos  ,3 + 2sin  )
Since CA and CB are perpendiculars from C to the coordinate axes
A  (2, 0) and B  (0, 3)
Let centroid of PAB be G(h, k)
2 + 2cos  + 2 + 0 3 + 2sin  + 0 + 3
h = and k =
3 3
3h − 4 3k − 6
 cos = and sin =
2 2
 3h − 4   3k − 6 
2 2

Eliminating  , we get,   +  =1
 2   2 
 3h 2 + 3k 2 − 8h − 12k + 16 = 0
 Required locus is 3 x 2 + 3 y 2 − 8 x − 12 y + 16 = 0
Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

28.
Given circle is x2 + y2 + 10x - 6y + 9 = 0

Length of intercept on x-axis = 2 g 2 − c = 2 52 − 9 = 8

29.

30.

31.

32.
Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

Alternate Solution:

33.
S  x 2 + 2 y 2 − 3x + 4 y + 3
For (1, 2)
S1  12 + 2.22 − 6 + 8 + 3 = 14
 x +1  y +2 −x 11
T  x(1) + 2 y (2) − 3   + 4 +3 + 6y +
 2   2  2 2

34.

35.

36.
Since S1 = 102 + 7 2 − 4  10 − 2  7 − 20  0
So, P lies outside the circle
Join P to centre C ( 2, 1) of the given circle
Suppose PC cuts the circle A and B
Then PB is the greatest distance of P from the circle.

We have : PC = (10 − 2) 2
+ ( 7 − 1)
2
 = 10
CB = radius = ( 4 + 1 + 20 ) = 5
PB = PC + CB = (10 + 5 ) = 15
Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

37.

38.
SA  x 2 + y 2 − 1 = 0
SB  x 2 + y 2 − 2 x − 6 y + 6 = 0
 CA ( 0,0 ) , rA = 1, C B (1, 3) , rB = 12 + 32 − 6 = 2
So, C A C B = 12 + 32 = 10, rA + rB = 3 and rA − rB = 1
Now, rA − rB  CA CB  rA + rB
 The circles are cutting each other at 2 distinct points

39.
Given, AC = 2 units
and A  (2, 2), B  (6, 5)
Then, AB = (2 − 6) 2 + (2 − 5) 2 = 16 + 9 = 5
Since, AC + CB = AB
 2 + CB = 5
 CB = 3
Hence, equation of the required circle with
centre at (6, 5) and radius 3 is
( x − 6) 2 + ( y − 5) 2 = 32
or x 2 + y 2 − 12 x − 10 y + 52 = 0

40.
Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

41.
The system of circles touches the line y = 0 at the point (3,0) is given by (x - 3)2 + y2 + λy = 0
As the circle passes through (1,-2),
which gives 4 + 4 - 2λ = 0
∴λ=4
The circle is (x - 3)2 + y2 + 4y = 0.\

42.
Equation of any circle through points of intersection of the given circle and the line is
(x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 4) + λ(x + 2y – 4) = 0
or x2 + y2 + (λ - 2)x + (2λ - 4)y + 4(λ – l) = 0 ... (1)
It will touch the line x + 2y = 0 if equation (1) and x = –2y has unique solution.
⇒ (–2y)2 + y2 + (λ - 2)(-2y) + (2λ - 4)y + 4(λ - l) = 0
or 5y2 + 4 (λ – l) = 0
Hence the roots of the equation must be equal.
Then, 0 – 4.5.4 (1 – λ) = 0
or λ = 1
From (1), the required circle is x2 + y2 – x – 2y = 0

43.
Given circles are S  x 2 + y 2 + 3 x + 2 y + 1 = 0
and S'  x 2 + y 2 + 3 x + 4 y + 2 = 0
Now, equation of common chord is S − S ' = 0
i.e. x 2 + y 2 + 3x + 2 y + 1 − x 2 − y 2 − 3x − 4 y − 2 = 0
 −2 y − 1 = 0
1
 y=−
2
Thus, the equation of common chord is L  2 y + 1 = 0
Now, equation of circle through intersection of S  0 & L  0 is given by S +  L = 0,
i.e., x 2 + y 2 + 3 x + 2 y + 1 +  (2 y + 1) = 0
which is x 2 + y 2 + 3x + (2 + 2 ) y + 1 +  = 0
 3 
Now, centre of this circle is  − , − − 1  ,
 2 
1
which also satisfies y = −
2
1
 − − 1 = −
2
1
 =−
2
1
So, equation of required circle is x 2 + y 2 + 3 x + y + = 0
2
Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

44.
Let circle be S1 +  S 2 = 0
( x 2 + y 2 − 8 x − 2 y + 7) +  ( x 2 + y 2 − 4 x + 10 y + 8) = 0
Since its centre is on y-axis
−8 − 4 = 0
  = −2
Hence, the required equation is x 2 + y 2 + 22 y − 9 = 0

45.
Given circles are
S1  x 2 + y 2 − 2 x − 4 y + 1 = 0 and S2  x 2 + y 2 − 4 x − 2 y + 4 = 0
Required circle will be S1 + S2 = 0,   −1
that is, x 2 + y 2 − 2 x − 4 y + 1 +  ( x 2 + y 2 − 4 x − 2 y + 4 ) = 0

 x2 + y 2 − 2
(1 + 2 ) x − 2 ( 2 +  ) y + 1 + 4 = 0
1+  1+  1+ 
 1 + 2 2 +  
Its centre  ,  lies on x + 2 y − 3 = 0
 1+  1+  
1 + 2 2+ 
 + 2 −3= 0
1+   1+  
  = −2
 The circle is x 2 + y 2 − 6 x + 7 = 0

46.
Family of circles is x 2 + y 2 − 2 x − 4 y + 1 +  ( x 2 + y 2 − 1) = 0,
2 4 1− 
that is x 2 + y 2 − x− y+ =0 ... (1)
1+  1+  1+ 
 1 2 
Centre is  , 
1+  1+  
 1   2  1−   4 + 2
2 2

and Radius =   +  − =
1+   1+   1+   1+ 
Since it touches the line x + 2 y = 0,
Hence, Radius = Perpendicular from centre to the line
1  2 
+ 2 
1+  1+   = 4 + 
2
that is,
12 + 22 1+ 

 5 = 4 + 2
  = 1
 = −1 cannot be possible in case of circle.
So  = 1
Thus from (1) , x 2 + y 2 − x − 2 y = 0 is the required equation of the circle
Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

47.

48.
Equation of Circle is ( x − 3) 2 + ( y + 1) 2 +  ( x + 2 y − 1) = 0
Since it passes through the point (2, 1), we have
(2 − 3) 2 + (1 + 1) 2 +  (2 + 2 − 1) = 0
5
 =−
3
5
 Equation of circle is ( x − 3) 2 + ( y + 1) 2 − ( x + 2 y − 1) = 0
3
 3 x + 3 y − 23 x − 4 y + 35 = 0
2 2

49.
S1  x 2 + y 2 − 8 x − 2 y + 7 = 0
S2  x 2 + y 2 − 4 x + 10 y + 8 = 0
Equation of circle passing through their intersection point is
S  S1 + S2 = 0,   −1, that is
(x 2
+ y 2 − 8 x − 2 y + 7 ) +  ( x 2 + y 2 − 4 x + 10 y + 8 ) = 0
 −8 − 4   10 − 2   7 + 8 
 x2 + y 2 +  x + y+ =0
 1+    1+    1+  
Centre is on Y − axis
−8 − 4
 =0
1+ 
  = −2
 −22   −9 
 Required equation is x 2 + y 2 +   y +   = 0,
 −7   −1 
that is x + y + 22 y + 9 = 0
2 2

50.
2
S1  x 2 + y 2 − x + 4 y − 3 = 0
3
S2  x + y + 6 x + 2 y − 15 = 0
2 2

We require equation of common chord, that is S1 − S2 = 0

 
  x 2 + y 2 − x + 4 y − 3  − ( x 2 + y 2 + 6 x + 2 y − 15 ) = 0
2
 3 
 10 x − 3 y − 18 = 0
Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

51.
S1  x 2 + y 2 + 2 gx + 2 fy + c = 0
S2  x 2 + y 2 + 2 g ' x + 2 f ' y + c ' = 0
Since S1 = 0 bisects circumference of S2 = 0,
common chord S1 − S2 = 0 passes through centre of S2 = 0
We require equation of common chord, that is S1 − S2 = 0
 ( x 2 + y 2 + 2 gx + 2 fy + c ) − ( x 2 + y 2 + 2 g ' x + 2 f ' y + c ') = 0
 2 ( g − g ') x − 2 ( f − f ') y + ( c − c ') = 0
Centre of S2 = 0 is ( − g ', − f ' ) , which lies on the common chord
 2 ( g − g ')( − g ' ) − 2 ( f − f ' )( − f ' ) + ( c − c ' ) = 0
 2 g '( g − g ') + 2 f '( f − f ') + ( c − c ' ) = 0

52.
25
Given S  x 2 + y 2 − x − 3 y − = 0 and L  x − y − 1 = 0
2
25
S  S +  C  x 2 + y 2 + (  − 1) x + ( − − 3) y −  − =0
2
1−   + 3 
 Centre  ,  lies on x − y − 1 = 0
 2 2 
1−    + 3 
 −  −1 = 0
2  2 
  = −2
21
 S  x 2 + y 2 − 3 x − y − =0
2
that is, S  2 x 2 + 2 y 2 − 6 x − 2 y − 21 = 0

53.
Equation of CoC of circle S  x 2 + y 2 − 4 x + 10 y − 7 = 0 with respect to (1, 3) is given by
( x)(1) + ( y )(3) − 2( x + 1) + 5( y + 3) − 7 = 0
i.e. x − 8 y − 6 = 0

54.
Equation of CoC of circle S  x 2 + y 2 − 2 x − 2 y − 7 = 0 whose midpoint is (2, 3) is given by
( x)(2) + ( y )(3) − ( x + 2) − ( y + 3) − 7 = 4 + 9 − 4 − 6 − 7
i.e. x + 2 y − 8 = 0

55.
Solving the equations of the given line and the given circle, which are x − 2 y = 2 and x 2 + y 2 = 25
 24 7 
respectively, we get the points of intersection as (–4, –3) and  ,  .
 5 5
 24 7
 −4 + 5 −3 + 5   2 4 
Hence the midpoint is  ,  ,− .
 2 2  5 5
 
Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

56.
The given circle is x 2 + y 2 − 2 x = 0 .
Let ( x1 , y1 ) be the midpoint of any chord of this circle, then its equation is S1 = T .
or x12 + y12 − 2 x1 = xx1 + yy1 − ( x + x1 )
If it passes through (0, 0), then
x12 + y12 − 2 x1 = − x1
 x12 + y12 − x1 = 0
Hence the required locus of the given point ( x1 , y1 ) is x 2 + y 2 − x = 0

57.

58.
S1 : x 2 + y 2 − 16 = 0
S2 : x 2 + y 2 − 6 x − 8 y − 8 = 0
In this case, the common chord is the same as the chord of contact AB
So, the equation of AB is 3 x + 4 y − 4 = 0
which is identical with xx1 + yy1 − 16 = 0
x1 y1 16
= =
3 4 4
 x1 = 12, y1 = 16
 P ( x1 , y1 ) = (12,16 )

59.
Let P ( x1 , y1 ) be the point, then the chord of contact of tangents drawn from P to the circle
x 2 + y 2 = a 2 is xx1 + yy1 = a 2 .
 xx + yy 
 x2 + y 2 = a2  1 2 1 
 a 
 x + y − xx1 − yy1 = 0
2 2

60.

Since circles cut orthogonally

Unacademy Nexus Crash Course Circles

61.
Let the equation of the circle be x 2 + y 2 + 2 gx + 2 fy + c = 0 (i )
which is passing through ( a, b ) .
 a 2 + b 2 + 2 ga + 2 fb + c = 0 ( ii )
circle (i) is orthogonal to x 2 + y 2 = 4,
so 2 ( g  0 + f  0 ) = c − 4  c = 4
From Eq.(ii), we get
a 2 + b2 + 2 g  a + 2 f  b + 4 = 0
Hence, the locus of ( − g , − f ) is 2ax + 2by − ( a 2 + b 2 + 4 ) = 0

62.