CHAPTER-1

REAL NUMBERS
05 MARK TYPE QUESTIONS
Q. NO QUESTION MARK
1. The length, breadth and height of a room are 8 m 25 cm, 6 m 75 cm and 4 m 50 cm,
respectively. Determine the longest rod which can measure the three dimensions of the room
exactly.
2.

The students of Kendriya Vidyalaya wants to do a plantation drive on the occasion of World
Environment Day. They planned to plant trees in two rectangular fields of same width but
different lengths. they are required to plant 105 trees in smaller field and 252 trees in larger
field. In both the fields the trees will be planted in same number of rows but different number
of columns.
a) What is the greatest number of rows that can be planted in this arrangement?
b) If the trees are planted in the number of rows obtained in part (a), how many columns will
each field has?
c) What is the relationship between the number of rows and the difference between the
number of columns in two fields?

3. A hall has a certain number of chairs. Guests want to sit in different groups like in pairs, triplets, 5
quadruplets, fives and sixes etc. When organiser arranges chairs in such pattern like 2’s, 3’s ,4’s.5’s
and 6’s then 1,2,3,4 and 5 chairs are left respectively. But when he arranges in 11’s no chair will be
left
1. A)In the hall how many least number of chairs are available?
B) If one chair is added to the total number of chairs, how many chairs will be left when
arranged in 7̕s
4. Kerosene, paraffin, or lamp oil is a combustible hydrocarbon liquid which is derivative from 5
petroleum. Kerosen’s uses vary from fuel for oil lamps to cleaning agents , jet fuel , heating
oil or fuel for cooking Two oil tankers contain 825 litres and 625 litres of kerosene oil
respectively.
1. i)Find the maximum capacity of a container which can measure the Kerosene oil of both the
tankers when used an exact number of times.
2. ii)How many times we have to use container for both the tanker to fill?

5. A right angle triangle has base length √2 cm and height 1 cm . Find the
hypotenuse and prove its length is a irrational number.
6. The traffic lights at three different road crossings change after 48 seconds, 72
seconds and 108 seconds respectively. If they change simultaneously at 7 am,
at what time will they change simultaneously again?
7. Shree Sundar Kamla Nagar Society decided to give some food packets and
grocery packets to the needy on Independence Day. They have 36 food
packets and 72 grocery packets to distribute. They do not want to
discriminate among the needy, so they decided to distribute packets equally
among all.

(i) To how many maximum people can they distribute the packets?
(ii) How many food and grocery packets will each one get?
(iii) Now, they decide to add 54 packets of vegetables also. In this case to
how many maximum people can they distribute the packets?
(iv) How many total packets will each person get?
(v) If they decide to add 18 more vegetable packets and remove 36 grocery
packets, in this case to how many maximum people can they distribute the
packets?
8. Students of class VI in their free period started playing a game. One of the
students announced a prime number 3 in the class and the next students
multiplied it by a prime number and passed it to the next student. Then again it
was multiplied by a prime number and passed on to the next student. In this
way by multiplying to a prime number the last student got 90090 which the
student announced in class.

Answer the following questions

(i) How many students are in the class?
(ii) Which is the highest prime number used by the student?
(iii) What is the least prime number used by the student?
(iv) Which prime number has been used maximum number of times?
 (v) Which prime number has been used minimum number of times?
9. To enhance the reading skill of grade X students, the schools nominate you and
two of your friends to set up a class library. There are two sections- section A
and section B of grade X. There are 32 students in section A and 36 students in
section B.
Based on above information answer the following:
(i) What is the minimum number of books you will acquire for the class
library, so that they can be distributed equally among students of
section A or section B?
(a) 144
(b) 128
(c) 288
(d) 272
(ii) If the product of two positive integers is equal to the product of their
HCF and LCM is true, then HCF(32, 36) is
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 6
(d) 8
(iii) 36 can be expressed as a product of its primes as
(a) 22 × 32
(b) 21 × 33
(c) 23 × 31
(d) 20 × 30
(iv) 7× 11 × 13 × 15 + 15 is a
(a) Prime number
(b) Composite number
(c) Neither prime nor composite
(d) None of these.
(v) If p and q are positive integers such that 𝑝 = 𝑎𝑏 2
and 𝑞 = 𝑎2 𝑏, where a and b are prime numbers then the LCM(p,q)
(a) ab
(b) 𝑎2 𝑏 2
(c) 𝑎3 𝑏 2
(d) 𝑎3 𝑏 3

10.
A seminar is being conducted by an educational organization, where the
participants will be educators of different subjects. The number of participants
in Hindi, English and Mathematics are 60, 84 and 108 respectively.
(i) In each room the same number of participants are to be seated and all
of them being in the same subject, hence the maximum number of
participants that can be accommodated in each room is
(a) 14
(b) 12
 (c) 16
(d) 18
(ii) The minimum number of room required during the event, is
(a) 11
(b) 9
(c) 7
(d) 5
(iii) The LCM of 60, 84 and 108 is
(a) 3780
(b) 3680
(c) 4780
(d) 4680
(iv) The product of HCF and LCM of 60, 84 and 108 is
(a) 55360
(b) 35360
(c) 45500
(d) 45360
(v) 108 can be expressed as a product of prime as
(a) 23 × 32
(b) 23 × 33
(c) 22 × 32
(d) 22 × 33

11. Given that √2 is an irrational number, prove that √8 is also irrational using a proof by 5
contradiction.
12. The LCM of two numbers is 14 times their HCF. The sum of LCM and HCF is 600. If one of 5
number is 280. Find the other number.
13. A, B and C starts cycling around a circular path in the same direction at the same time. 5
Circumference of the path is 1980 m. If speed of A is 330 m/min, speed of B is 198 m/min
and that of C is 220 m/min and they start from the same point, then after what time will they
be together at the starting point?
14. Prove that √5 is an irrational number. Hence show that 3 + 2 √5 is also an irrational number. 5
15. Write a rational number between √2 and √3 . 5
16. Let d be the HCF of 25 and 50 . Find two numbers a and b , such that d= 25a + 50 b 5
17. Prove that one of every three consecutive integers is divisible by 3. 5
18. Prove that 3 + 2√5 is irrational. 5
19. Amita, Sneha, and Raghav start preparing cards for all persons of an old age home. In order 5
to complete one card, they take 10, 16 and 20 minutes respectively. If all of them started
together, after what time will they start preparing a new card together?
20. The greatest number that will divide 76,112,172and 184 so as to leave 5
remainder 40 in each case is k2 x 3. Find the value of k.
21. A woman wants to organise her birthday party. She was happy on her birthday but 5
there was a problem that she does not want to serve fast food to her guests because
she is very health conscious. She as 15 apples and 40 bananas at home and decided
to serve them. She want to distribute fruits among guests. She does not want to
discriminate among guests so she decided to distribute equally among all. So
1. How many guests she can invite?
 2. How many apples and banana will each guest get?

22. A charitable trust donates 28 different books of Maths,16 different books of science 5
and 12 different books of Social Science to the poor students. Each student is given
maximum number of books of only one subject of his interest and each student got
equal number of books
1. Find the number of books each student got.
2. Find the total number of students who got books.

23. Prove that √5 is irrational and hence show that 3 + √5 is also irrational. 5
 ANSWERS:

Q. NO ANSWER MARKS
1. We are given the length, breadth and height of a room as 8m 25cm, 6m 75cm and 4m 5
50cm, respectively. We need to determine the largest room which can measure the
three dimensions of the room exactly.

First, we have to convert each dimension in cm

Length of room = 8m 25cm = 825cm

Breadth of room = 6m 75cm = 675cm

Height of room = 4m 50cm = 450cm.

Therefore, the required longest rod = H.C.F. of 825, 675 and 450.

First we consider 675 and 450.

By applying Euclid’s division lemma,

675= 450 X 1 + 225

450 = 225 X 2 + 0

Therefore, H.C.F. of 675 and 450 = 225

Now, we consider 225 and 825.

By applying Euclid’s division lemma

825 = 225 X 3 + 150

225 = 150 X 1 + 75

150 = 75 X 2 + 0

Therefore, H.C.F. of 825, 675 and 450 = 75

Hence, the length of required longest rod is 75 cm

2. a)To find the number of rows we have to find the HCF of 105 and 252. 5
So, the total number of rows = HCF (105, 252)
= 21
 b) Number of columns in smaller field = 105/21= 5
Number of columns in larger field = 252/21 = 12
c) The number of rows = 21
The difference between the number of columns in two fields = 12 – 5 = 7
Therefore, the relationship is as follows,
The number of rows is 3 times the difference between the number of columns in
two fields.
Or,
The number of rows is a multiple of the difference between the number of columns in
two fields.
3. A)When chairs are arranged in pair , 1 chair left
When chairs are arranged in 3,s , 1 chair left
When chairs are arranged in 4,s, 1 chair left
And so on
So,we find (2-1)=(3-2)=(4-3)= (5-4)= (6-5)=1(k)
LCM of 2,3,4,5,6= 2x2x3x5=60
Required number= (60n-1)/11=remainder 0 (n is a natural number)
Taking n=9
(60x9-1)/11=539/11=remainder 0
Therefore least possible number is 539
B) 539+1=540
540/7 = remainder 1
1 chair left.
4. (i) HCF of 825 and 625 5(3+2)
825 = 3 x 5 x 5 x 11
675 = 3 x 3 x 3 x5 x 5
HCF = 3 x 5 x 5 = 75

Maximum capacity reqired is 75 litres

(ii) The first tanker will require 875/75 = 11 times to fill
The second tanker will require 675/75 = 9 times to fill

5. From Pythagoras theorem, Hypotenuse= √(Base^2 +Perpendicular ^2) 5

Hence, Hypotenuse= √3.
Now, to prove : √3 is irrational.
Let sqrt(3) is rotational number

sqrt(3) = p/q

[plq are co-prime integers & q = 0]

3=

= n ^ 2 = 3a ^ 2

....(1)

3 is a factor of p²
 → 3 is a factor of p

.(2)

So p = 3m [m is any integer ] (let)

from (1)

9m ^ 2 = 3q ^ 2

= q ^ 2 = 3m ^ 2

3 is a factor of q

→ 3 is a factor of q

From (2) & (3)

...(3)

3 is a common factor of both p & q

It contradicts our supposition that p & q are co-prime integers.

Hence are supposition is wrong

sqrt(3) is irrational

Hence proved
6. 5
Let the lights change simultaneously exactly x seconds after 7 am.
Since the first light changes every 48 seconds, we have 48|x.
Similarly, 72|x and 108|x.
Hence we have l|x, where l is the Lowest common multiple of 48,72 and
108.
Also, precisely after l seconds, the lights will change simultaneously.
Hence the smallest value of x is l.
Hence the lights will change simultaneously, l seconds after 7 am.
Now we have
48=2×2×2×2×3,72=2×2×2×3×3,108=2×2×3×3×3
Hence LCM (48,72,108) =432
Hence we have l = 432.
 Hence the lights will change simultaneously after 432 seconds = 7
minutes and 12 seconds after 7 am.
Hence the lights will change simultaneously at 07:07:12 am
7. (i) Maximum people to whom the packets can 5
be distributed = HCF(36,72)
36 = 18 x 2, 72 = 18 x 4
Ans - 18

(ii) Each one will get 2 food packets and 4

grocery packets

(iii) Maximum people to whom the packets can

be distributed = HCF(36,54,72)
36 = 18 x 2, 54 = 18 x 3, 72 = 18 x 4
Ans - 18

(iv) Each one will get 2food packets and 3

grocery packets and 4 vegetable packets

(v) No. of vegetable packets = 54 + 18 = 72

No. of grocery packets = 72 - 36 = 36
Maximum people to whom the packets can be
distributed = HCF(36,36,72)
36 = 36 x 1, 36 = 36 x 1, 72 = 36 x 2,
Ans - 36
8. 90090 = 3 x 30030 5
30030 = 3 x 10010
10010 = 5 x 2002
2002 = 2 x 1001
1001 = 11 x 91
91 = 7 x 13
13 = 13 x 1
90090 = 2 x 32 x 5 x 7 x 11 x 13
(i) Total number of students in the class = No of prime numbers used to
multiply and reach 90090 = 7
(ii) Highest prime number used by the students = 13
(iii) Least prime number used by the student = 2
(iv) 2, 5, 7, 11 and 13 have been used minimum number of times.
9. i. LCM(32, 36) = 288 5
ii. 32 X 36 = HCF(32, 36) X LCM(32, 36)
HCF(32, 36) = 4
iii. (a)
iv. (b) composite number
LCM(p, q) = 𝑎2 × 𝑏 2
10. i. (b) HCF(60, 84, 108) =22 × 3 = 12 5
 ii. (d) minimum number of room required
60/12 = 5, 84/12 = 7 and 108/12 = 9
iii. (a) LCM(60, 84, 108) = 3780
iv. (d) HCF(60, 84, 108) X LCM(60, 84, 108) = 12 X 3780 = 45360
(d) from (i) we find that 108 = 22 × 33
11. As 5
TIME= Distance / Speed
Time taken by A to complete one round
= 1980/330 = 6 min
Time taken by B to complete one round
= 1980/198 = 10 min
Time taken by C to complete one round
= 1980/220 = 9 min
The three cyclists will be together after LCM (6, 10, 9)
6=2×3
10 = 2 × 5
9 = 32
LCM (6, 10, 9) = 21 × 32 × 5 = 90 min

12. Let √ 5 be a rational number. 5

So, √ 5 =p/q
On squaring both sides
5=p2q2
q2=p2/5
⇒5 is a factor of p2
⇒5 is a factor of p.
Now, again let p = 5c.
So, √ 5 =5cq
On squaring both sides
5=25c2q2
q2=5c2
c2=q2/5
⇒5 is factor of q2
⇒5 is a factor of q.
Here 5 is a common factor of p, q which contradicts the fact that p, q are co-
prime.
Hence our assumption is wrong, √ 5 is an irrational number.
Now we have to show that 3+2√ 5 is an irrational number. So let us assume
3+2√ 5 is a rational number.
⇒3+2√ 5 =p/q⇒2√ 5 =p/q−3⇒2√ 5 =p−3q/q⇒√ 5 =p−3q/2q
p−3q/2q is in the rational form of p/q so √ 5 is a rational number but we have
 already proved that √ 5 is an irrational number so contradiction arises because
we supposed wrong that 3+2√ 5 is a rational number. So we can say that 3+2√ 5 is
an irrational number.

13. Let √8 be a rational number which can be expressed in the form of p/q where p and q 5
have no other common factor than 1.
√8= p/q
2√2=p/q
√2= p/2q

p/2q is rational but √2 is Irrational.

Thus our assumption is wrong.
√8 is an Irrational number.
14. Given that the LCM of two numbers is 14 times their HCF and the sum of LCM and 5
HCF is 600, let's denote the HCF as "h" and the two numbers as "a" and "b".
Given:
LCM = 14h
LCM + HCF = 600
Substitute LCM from the first equation:
14h + h = 600
15h = 600
h = 40
Since one of the numbers is 280 and the HCF is 40, we can find the other number
using the formula:
LCM = (a x b) / HCF
14 x 40 = (280 x b) / 40
560 = 280b
b=2
So, the other number is 2.
15. (√2)² =2 and (√3)² = 3 5
Let Q be any rational number between √2 and √3 .
(√2)²< Q² < (√3)²
2 < Q² < 3
One positive value of
(Q)² = 2.25
Q = 1.5
16. HCF = 25 5
d = 25 a + 50b
25 = 25a + 50b
a=3 , b =1
then
25 = 25
So, a = 3 and b = 1 satisfy the equation d = 25a + 50 b
One possible value of a and b is 3 and 1 .
17. Let,
n, n + 1, n + 2 be three consecutive positive integers.
We know that n is of the form 3q, 3q + 1, 3q + 2.
So we have the following cases : 5
Case – I, when n = 3q
In this case, n is divisible by 3, but n + 1 and n + 2 are not divisible by 3.
 Case – II, when n = 3q + 1
Sub n = 2 = 3q + 1 + 2 = 3(q + 1) is divisible by 3, but n and n + 1 are not divisible by 3.
Case – III, when n = 3q + 2
Sub n = 2 = 3q + 1 + 2 = 3(q + 1) is divisible by 3, but n and n + 1 are not divisible by 3.
18.

19. To find the earliest (least) time, they will start preparing a new card together, 5
we find the LCM of 10, 16 and 20.
10 = 2 × 5
16 = 24
20 = 22 × 5
LCM = 24 × 5 = 16 × 5 = 80 minutes
They will start preparing a new card together after 80 minutes.
20. Required number is the HCF of 36,72,132 and 144 = 24x 3 5
Thus the HCF 24x 3 =k4x 3, therefore k=2

21. (i)HCF of(15,40) =5 5

Fruits will be distributed equally among 5 guests
(ii)Out of 15 apples each guest will get 15 /5 = 3 apples
Out of 40 banana each guest will get 40/5 =8 bananas

22. (i) HCF of 28,16 and 12 is 4 5

Therefore maximum number of books each student get is 4
(ii) Number of maths books 28/4 = 7
Number of science books 16/4 = 4
Number of social science = 12/4 = 3
Total books = 7 + 4 + 3 =14

23. Let us assume, to the contrary, that √5 is rational. 5

So, we can find integers p and q (q ≠ 0), such that
p
√5 =q, where p and q are co prime.
Squaring both sides, we get
p2
5 = q2
⇒ 5q2 = p2 … (i)
⇒ 5 divides p2
5 divides p
So, let p = 5r
Putting the value of p in (i), we get
5q2 = (5r)2
⇒ 5q2 = 25r2
⇒ q2 = 5r2
⇒ 5 divides q2
5 divides q
So, p and q have atleast 5 as a common factor.
But this contradicts the fact that p and q have no common factor.
So, our assumption is wrong, is irrational.
√5 is irrational, 3 is a rational number.
So, we conclude that 3 + √5 is irrational.