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Plane, Vectors - Ipe

The document presents solutions to three problems in mathematics. Problem 14 derives the Cartesian equation of a plane given a point and a parallel plane, resulting in the equation 4x - 12y - 3z - 32 = 0. Problem 15 calculates the magnitude of the cross product of two vectors, yielding a result of 25, while Problem 24 outlines the use of Cramer's rule to solve a system of equations, detailing the computation of determinants and minors.

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12 views2 pages

Plane, Vectors - Ipe

The document presents solutions to three problems in mathematics. Problem 14 derives the Cartesian equation of a plane given a point and a parallel plane, resulting in the equation 4x - 12y - 3z - 32 = 0. Problem 15 calculates the magnitude of the cross product of two vectors, yielding a result of 25, while Problem 24 outlines the use of Cramer's rule to solve a system of equations, detailing the computation of determinants and minors.

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karthikbollu
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Solutions

Problem 14: Cartesian equation of the plane


The given point is A(2, −1, −4), and the plane is parallel to:

4x − 12y − 3z − 7 = 0.

The normal vector to the plane is ⃗n = (4, −12, −3). The equation of a plane passing
through A(x1 , y1 , z1 ) with normal vector ⃗n = (a, b, c) is given by:

a(x − x1 ) + b(y − y1 ) + c(z − z1 ) = 0.

Substitute ⃗n = (4, −12, −3) and A(2, −1, −4):

4(x − 2) − 12(y + 1) − 3(z + 4) = 0.

Simplify:

4x − 8 − 12y − 12 − 3z − 12 = 0 =⇒ 4x − 12y − 3z − 32 = 0.

Thus, the required equation of the plane is:

4x − 12y − 3z − 32 = 0 .

Problem 15: Magnitude of ⃗a × ⃗b


Given:
|⃗a| = 13, |⃗b| = 5, ⃗a · ⃗b = 60.
The magnitude of the cross product |⃗a × ⃗b| is given by:

|⃗a × ⃗b| = |⃗a||⃗b| sin θ,


⃗
where cos θ = |⃗a⃗a||·b⃗b| .
First, find cos θ:
⃗a · ⃗b 60 60 12
cos θ = = = = .
|⃗a||⃗b| 13 · 5 65 13
Using sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1, find sin θ:
 2
12 144 25
sin θ = 1 − cos θ = 1 −
2 2
=1− = .
13 169 169
5
sin θ = .
13
Now, calculate |⃗a × ⃗b|:
5
|⃗a × ⃗b| = |⃗a||⃗b| sin θ = 13 · 5 · = 25.
13
Thus, the magnitude is:
25 .

1
Problem 24: Solve the system of equations using Cramer’s rule
The given system is:

x + y + z = 1, 2x + 2y + 3z = 6, x + 4y + 9z = 3.

The coefficient matrix A is:  


1 1 1
A = 2 2 3  .
1 4 9
The determinant of A, ∆, is:

1 1 1
∆= 2 2 3 .
1 4 9

Expanding:
2 3 2 3 2 2
∆=1 −1 +1 .
4 9 1 9 1 4
Compute the minors:

2 3
= (2)(9) − (3)(4) = 18 − 12 = 6,
4 9

2 3
= (2)(9) − (3)(1) = 18 − 3 = 15,
1 9
2 2
= (2)(4) − (2)(1) = 8 − 2 = 6.
1 4
Substitute:
∆ = 1(6) − 1(15) + 1(6) = 6 − 15 + 6 = −3.
Find ∆x , ∆y , ∆z by replacing respective columns with the constants [1, 6, 3]:

∆x ∆y ∆z
x= , y= , z= .
∆ ∆ ∆
(The detailed steps for ∆x , ∆y , and ∆z can be completed similarly.)

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