ESP32 WIFI MODULE

ESP-WROOM-32
DATASHEET—Espressif
Systems

About This Guide

This document provides the specifications for the ESP-WROOM-32 module. The document
structure is as follows:

Release Notes

DS ESP32-1
ESP32 WIFI MODULE
Release Notes Continued

Documentation Change Notification

Espressif provides email notifications to keep customers updated on changes to technical
documentation. Please subscribe here.

Certificates

Download certificates for Espressif products from here.

Important European compliance information for module datasheets

This RF Solutions radio module meets the essential requirements of the European Radio
Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU and has been tested to European Harmonised Standards and
CE marked where space allows. A copy of the EU Declaration of Conformity can be located on
the RF Solutions Website, www.rfsolutions.co.uk/certification-i59.
When using the module in an end product, continued compliance can only be assured by
incorporating the module in accordance with RF Solutions specific installation instructions and
in accordance with the published information on the RF Solutions product data sheet. The
antenna gain specification must be adhered to at all times.
Article 3.1a and 3.1b of the EU Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU should be assessed in
the final product.
Failure to follow this guidance may result in a non-compliant product being place on the
European Market, for which RF Solutions cannot accept any responsibility.
Further guidance may be obtained from RF Solutions Technical Support. Charges may apply to
customer specific product evaluation.

Disclaimer and Copyright Notice

Information in this document, including URL references, is subject to change without notice. THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED AS IS
WITH NO WARRANTIES WHATSOEVER, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, NON-INFRINGEMENT, FITNESS FOR
ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR ANY WARRANTY OTHERWISE ARISING OUT OF ANY PROPOSAL, SPECIFICATION OR SAMPLE. All
liability, including liability for infringement of any proprietary rights, relating to use of information in this document is disclaimed. No
licenses express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights are granted herein. The Wi-Fi Alliance
Member logo is a trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance. The Bluetooth logo is a registered trademark of Bluetooth SIG. All trade names,
trademarks and registered trademarks mentioned in this document are property of their respective owners, and are hereby
acknowledged. Copyright © 2017 Espressif Inc. All rights reserved.

DS ESP32-1 Page 2
ESP32 WIFI MODULE
Contents
1. Overview 1

2. Pin Definitions 3

2.1 Pin Layout 3

2.2 Pin Description 3

2.3 Strapping Pins 4

3. Functional Description 6

3.1 CPU and Internal Memory 6

3.2 External Flash and SRAM 6

3.3 Crystal Oscillators 6

3.4 RTC and Low-Power Management 7

4. Peripherals and Sensors 9

4.1 Peripherals and Sensors Description 9

5. Electrical Characteristics 14

5.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings 14

5.2 Wi-Fi Radio 14

5.3 BLE Radio 15

5.3.1 Receiver 15

5.3.2 Transmitter 15

5.4 Reflow Profile 16

6. Schematics 17

7. Peripheral Schematics 18

8. Dimensions 19

9. Learning Resources 20

9.1 Must-Read Documents 20

9.2 Must-Have Resources 20

DS ESP32-1 Page 3
ESP32 WIFI MODULE
List of Tables

2 ESP-WROOM-32 Specifications 1

3 Pin Definitions 3

4 Strapping Pins 5

5 Functionalities Depending on the Power Modes 7

6 Power Consumption by Power Modes 7

7 Description of Peripherals and Sensors 9

8 Absolute Maximum Ratings 14

9 Wi-Fi Radio Characteristics 14

10 Receiver Characteristics — BLE 15

11 Transmitter Characteristics — BLE 15

List of Figures

1 ESP-WROOM-32 Pin layout 3

2 Reflow Profile 16

3 ESP-WROOM-32 Schematics 17

4 ESP-WROOM-32 Peripheral Schematics 18

5 Dimensions of ESP-WROOM-32 19

DS ESP32-1 Page 4
ESP32 WIFI MODULE

1. Overview

ESP-WROOM-32 is a powerful, generic Wi-Fi+BT+BLE MCU module that targets a wide variety
of applications, ranging from low-power sensor networks to the most demanding tasks, such as
voice encoding, music streaming and MP3 decoding.

At the core of this module is the ESP32-D0WDQ6 chip*. The chip embedded is designed to be
scalable and adaptive. There are two CPU cores that can be individually controlled, and the clock
frequency is adjustable from 80 MHz to 240 MHz. The user may also power off the CPU and
make use of the low-power co-processor to constantly monitor the peripherals for changes or
crossing of thresholds. ESP32 integrates a rich set of peripherals, ranging from capacitive
touch sensors, Hall sensors, low-noise sense amplifiers, SD card interface, Ethernet,
highspeed SPI, UART, I2S and I2C.

Note: * For details on the part number of the ESP32 Series, please refer to the document
ESP32 Datasheet.

The integration of Bluetooth, Bluetooth LE and Wi-Fi ensures that a wide range of applications
can be targeted, and that the module is future proof: using Wi-Fi allows a large physical range
and direct connection to the internet through a Wi-Fi router, while using Bluetooth allows the
user to conveniently connect to the phone or broadcast low energy beacons for its detection.
The sleep current of the ESP32 chip is less than 5 µA, making it suitable for battery powered
and wearable electronics applications. ESP32 supports a data rate of up to 150 Mbps, and
20.5 dBm output power at the antenna to ensure the widest physical range. As such the chip
does offer industry-leading specifications and the best performance for electronic integration,
range, power consumption, and connectivity.

The operating system chosen for ESP32 is freeRTOS with LwIP; TLS 1.2 with hardware
acceleration is built in as well. Secure (encrypted) over the air (OTA) upgrade is also supported,
so that developers can continually upgrade their products even after their release.

Table 2 provides the specifications of ESP-WROOM-32.

DS ESP32-1 Page 5
ESP32 WIFI MODULE

DS ESP32-1 Page 6
ESP32 WIFI MODULE
2. Pin Definitions

2.1 Pin Layout

2.2 Pin Description

ESP-WROOM-32 has 38 pins. See pin definitions in Table 3.

Table 3: Pin Definitions

DS ESP32-1 Page 7
ESP32 WIFI MODULE

Note: * Pins SCK/CLK, SDO/SD0, SDI/SD1, SHD/SD2, SWP/SD3 and SCS/CMD, namely GPIO6
to GPIO11 are connected to the integrated SPI flash integrated on ESP-WROOM-32 and are
not recommended for other use.

DS ESP32-1 Page 8
ESP32 WIFI MODULE
2.3 Strapping Pins

Please refer to ESP-WROOM-32 schematics.

ESP32 has five strapping pins, which can be seen in Section 6 Schematics:

• MTDI

• GPIO0

• GPIO2

• MTDO

• GPIO5

Software can read the value of these five bits from the register ”GPIO_STRAPPING”. During the
chip power-on reset, the latches of the strapping pins sample the voltage level as strapping bits
of ”0” or ”1”, and hold these bits until the chip is powered down or shut down. The strapping
bits configure the device boot mode, the operating voltage of VDD_SDIO and other system initial
settings. Each strapping pin is connected with its internal pull-up/pull-down during the chip
reset. Consequently, if a strapping pin is unconnected or the connected external circuit is
high-impendence, the internal weak pull-up/pull-down will determine the default input level of the
strapping pins. To change the strapping bit values, users can apply the external pull-down/pull-
up resistances, or apply the host MCU’s GPIOs to control the voltage level of these pins when
powering on ESP32. After reset, the strapping pins work as the normal functions pins. Refer to
Table 4 for detailed boot modes’ configuration by strapping pins.

Note: * Firmware can configure register bits to change the settings of “voltage of internal
LDO (VDD_SDIO)” and “Timing of SDIO Slave” after booting.

DS ESP32-1 Page 9
ESP32 WIFI MODULE
3. Functional Description

This chapter describes the modules and functions integrated in ESP-WROOM-32.

3.1 CPU and Internal Memory

ESP32-D0WDQ6 contains two low-power Xtensa® 32-bit LX6 microprocessors. The internal
memory includes:

• 448 KB of ROM for booting and core functions.

• 520 KB (8 KB RTC FAST Memory included) of on-chip SRAM for data and instruction.

– 8 KB of SRAM in RTC, which is called RTC FAST Memory and can be used
for data storage; it is accessed by the main CPU during RTC Boot from the
Deep- sleep mode.

• 8 KB of SRAM in RTC, which is called RTC SLOW Memory and can be accessed by the
co-processor during the Deep-sleep mode.

• 1 kbit of eFuse, of which 256 bits are used for the system (MAC address and chip
configuration) and the remaining 768 bits are reserved for customer applications,
including Flash-Encryption and Chip-ID.

3.2 External Flash and SRAM

ESP32 supports up to four 16-MB of external QSPI flash and SRAM with hardware encryption
based on AES to protect developers’ programs and data.

ESP32 can access the external QSPI flash and SRAM through high-speed caches.

• Up to 16 MB of external flash are memory-mapped onto the CPU code space, supporting
8, 16 and 32-bit access. Code execution is supported.

• Up to 8 MB of external flash/SRAM are memory-mapped onto the CPU data space,

supporting 8, 16 and 32-bit access. Data-read is supported on the flash and SRAM. Data
-write is supported on the SRAM.

ESP-WROOM-32 integrates 4 MB of external SPI flash. The 4-MB SPI flash can be
memory-mapped onto the CPU code space, supporting 8, 16 and 32-bit access. Code execution
is supported. The integrated SPI flash is connected to GPIO6, GPIO7, GPIO8, GPIO9, GPIO10
and GPIO11. These six pins cannot be used as regular GPIO.

3.3 Crystal Oscillators

The ESP32 Wi-Fi/BT firmware can only support 40 MHz crystal oscillator for now.

DS ESP32-1 Page 10
ESP32 WIFI MODULE
3.4 RTC and Low-Power Management

With the use of advanced power management technologies, ESP32 can switch between
different power modes (see Table 5).

• Power modes

– Active mode: The chip radio is powered on. The chip can receive, transmit, or lis
ten.

– Modem-sleep mode: The CPU is operational and the clock is configurable. The
Wi- Fi/Bluetooth baseband and radio are disabled.

– Light-sleep mode: The CPU is paused. The RTC memory and RTC peripherals, as
well as the ULP co-processor are running. Any wake-up events (MAC, host, RTC
timer, or external interrupts) will wake up the chip.

– Deep-sleep mode: Only the RTC memory and RTC peripherals are powered on.
Wi- Fi and Bluetooth connection data are stored in the RTC memory. The ULP co-
processor can work.

– Hibernation mode: The internal 8-MHz oscillator and ULP co-processor are
disabled. The RTC recovery memory is powered down. Only one RTC timer on the slow
clock and some RTC GPIOs are active. The RTC timer or the RTC GPIOs can wake
up the chip from the Hibernation mode.

• Sleep Patterns

– Association sleep pattern: The power mode switches between the Active mode,
Modem- and Lightsleep mode during this sleep pattern. The CPU, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth,
and radio are woken up at predetermined intervals to keep Wi-Fi/BT connections
alive.

– ULP sensor-monitored pattern: The main CPU is in the Deep-sleep mode. The
ULP co-processor takes sensor measurements and wakes up the main system,
based on the data collected from sensors.

The power consumption varies with different power modes/sleep patterns and work statuses of
functional modules. Please see Table 6 for details.

DS ESP32-1 Page 11
ESP32 WIFI MODULE

Note: *

• During Deep-sleep, when the ULP co-processor is powered on, peripherals such as GPIO
and I2C are able to work.

• When the system works in the ULP sensor-monitored pattern, the ULP coprocessor
works with ULP sensor periodically; ADC works with a duty cycle of 1%, so the power
consumption is 100 µA.

DS ESP32-1 Page 12
ESP32 WIFI MODULE
4. Peripherals and Sensors

4.1 Peripherals and Sensors Description

DS ESP32-1 Page 13
ESP32 WIFI MODULE

DS ESP32-1 Page 14
ESP32 WIFI MODULE

DS ESP32-1 Page 15
ESP32 WIFI MODULE

DS ESP32-1 Page 16
ESP32 WIFI MODULE

Note: *

• Functions of Motor PWM,LED PWM,UART I2C,I2S, general purpose SPI and Remote
controller can be configured to any GPIO except GPIO6, GPIO7, GPIO8, GPIO9, GPIO10
and GPIO11.

• For the items marked with “Any GPIOs*” in the “Pin” column, users should note that
GPIO6, GPIO7, GPIO8, GPIO9, GPIO10 and GPIO11 are connected to the integrated SPI
flash of ESP-WROOM-32 and are not recommended for other uses.

DS ESP32-1 Page 17
ESP32 WIFI MODULE
5. Electrical Characteristics

Note: * The specifications in this chapter have been tested under the following general
condition: VDD = 3.3V, TA = 27°C, unless otherwise specified.

5.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

5.2 Wi-Fi Radio

DS ESP32-1 Page 18
ESP32 WIFI MODULE

5.3 BLE Radio

5.3.1 Receiver

DS ESP32-1 Page 19
ESP32 WIFI MODULE
5.3.2 Transmitter

DS ESP32-1 Page 20
ESP32 WIFI MODULE
5.4 Reflow Profile

DS ESP32-1 Page 21
ESP32 WIFI MODULE

DS ESP32-1 Page 22
ESP32 WIFI MODULE

DS ESP32-1 Page 23
ESP32 WIFI MODULE

DS ESP32-1 Page 24
ESP32 WIFI MODULE
9. Learning Resources

9.1 Must-Read Documents

The following link provides documents related to ESP32.

• ESP32 Datasheet
This document provides an introduction to the specifications of the ESP32 hardware,
including overview, pin definitions, functional description, peripheral interface, electrical
characteristics, etc.

• ESP32 Technical Reference Manual

The manual provides detailed information on how to use the ESP32 memory and
peripherals.

• ESP32 Hardware Resources

The zip files include the schematics, PCB layout, Gerber and BOM list of ESP32 modules
and development boards.

• ESP32 Hardware Design Guidelines

The guidelines outline recommended design practices when developing standalone or add
-on systems based on the ESP32 series of products, including ESP32, the
ESP-WROOM-32 module, and ESP32- DevKitC—the development board.

• ESP32 AT Instruction Set and Examples

This document introduces the ESP32 AT commands, explains how to use them, and
provides examples of several common AT commands.

9.2 Must-Have Resources

Here are the ESP32-related must-have resources.

• ESP32 BBS
This is an Engineer-to-Engineer (E2E) Community for ESP32 where you can post
questions, share knowledge, explore ideas, and help solve problems with fellow engineers.

• ESP32 Github
ESP32 development projects are freely distributed under Espressif’s MIT license on
Github. It is established to help developers get started with ESP32 and foster innovation
and the growth of general knowledge about the hardware and software surrounding ES
P32 devices.

• ESP32 Tools
This is a webpage where users can download ESP32 Flash Download Tools and the zip file
”ESP32 Certification and Test”.

• ESP32 IDF
This webpage links users to the official IoT development framework for ESP32.

• ESP32 Resources
This webpage provides the links to all available ESP32 documents, SDK and tools.

DS ESP32-1 Page 25
ESP32 WIFI MODULE
Simplified Declaration of Conformity (RED)
BG - С настоящото RF Solutions Limited декларира, че този тип радиосъоръжение дефинирани в този документ е в съответствие с Директива 2014/53/
ЕС. Цялостният текст на ЕС декларацията за съответствие може да се намери на следния интернет адрес: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
CS - Tímto RF Solutions Limited prohlašuje, že typ rádiového zařízení definované v tomto dokumentu je v souladu se směrnicí 2014/53/EU. Úplné znění
EU prohlášení o shodě je k dispozici na této internetové adrese: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
DA - Hermed erklærer RF Solutions Limited , at radioudstyrstypen defineret i dette dokument er i overensstemmelse med direktiv 2014/53/EU. EU-
overensstemmelseserklæringens fulde tekst kan findes på følgende internetadresse: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
DE - Hiermit erklärt RF Solutions Limited , dass der Funkanlagentyp in diesem Dokument definiert der Richtlinie 2014/53/EU entspricht. Der voll-
ständige Text der EU-Konformitätserklärung ist unter der folgenden Internetadresse verfügbar: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
EL - Με την παρούσα ο/η RF Solutions Limited , δηλώνει ότι ο ραδιοεξοπλισμός ορίζεται σε αυτό το έγγραφο πληροί την οδηγία 2014/53/ΕΕ. Το πλήρες κείμενο της
δήλωσης συμμόρφωσης ΕΕ διατίθεται στην ακόλουθη ιστοσελίδα στο διαδίκτυο: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
EN - Hereby, RF Solutions Limited declares that the radio equipment type defined within this document is in compliance with Directive 2014/53/EU.
The full text of the EU declaration of conformity is available at the following internet address: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
ES - Por la presente, RF Solutions Limited declara que el tipo de equipo radioeléctrico definido dentro de este documento es conforme con la Directi-
va 2014/53/UE. El texto completo de la declaración UE de conformidad está disponible en la dirección Internet siguiente: www. rfsolutions.co.uk
ET - Käesolevaga deklareerib RF Solutions Limited , et käesolev raadioseadme tüüp määratletud selles dokumendis vastab direktiivi 2014/53/EL
nõuetele. ELi vastavusdeklaratsiooni täielik tekst on kättesaadav järgmisel internetiaadressil: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
FI - RF Solutions Limited vakuuttaa, että radiolaitetyyppi määratletud selles dokumendis on direktiivin 2014/53/EU mukainen. EU -
vaatimustenmukaisuusvakuutuksen täysimittainen teksti on saatavilla seuraavassa internetosoitteessa: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
FR - Le soussigné, RF Solutions Limited , déclare que l'équipement radioélectrique du type défini dans ce document est conforme à la directive
2014/53/UE. Le texte complet de la déclaration UE de conformité est disponible à l'adresse internet suivante: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
HR - RF Solutions Limited ovime izjavljuje da je radijska oprema tipa definirani u ovom dokumentu u skladu s Direktivom 2014/53/EU . Cjeloviti tekst EU
izjave o sukladnosti dostupan je na sljedećoj internetskoj adresi: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
HU - RF Solutions Limited igazolja, hogy a dokumentumban meghatározottak szerint típusú rádióberendezés megfelel a 2014/53/EU irányelvnek. Az
EU-megfelelőségi nyilatkozat teljes szövege elérhető a következő internetes címen: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
IT - Il fabbricante, RF Solutions Limited , dichiara che il tipo di apparecchiatura radio definito all'interno di questo documento è conforme alla direttiva
2014/53/UE. Il testo completo della dichiarazione di conformità UE è disponibile al seguente indirizzo Internet: www.rfsoluti ons.co.uk
LT - Aš, RF Solutions Limited , patvirtinu, kad radijo įrenginių tipas apibrėžta šiame dokumente atitinka Direktyvą 2014/53/ES. Visas ES atitikties
deklaracijos tekstas prieinamas šiuo interneto adresu: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
LV - Ar šo RF Solutions Limited deklarē, ka radioiekārta kas definēts šajā dokumentā atbilst Direktīvai 2014/53/ES. Pilns ES atbilstības deklarācijas
teksts ir pieejams šādā interneta vietnē: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
MT - B'dan, RF Solutions Limited , niddikjara li dan it-tip ta' tagħmir tar-radju definit f'dan id-dokument huwa konformi mad-Direttiva 2014/53/UE. It-
test kollu tad-dikjarazzjoni ta' konformità tal-UE huwa disponibbli f'dan l-indirizz tal-Internet li ġej: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
NL - Hierbij verklaar ik, RF Solutions Limited , dat het type radioapparatuur gedefinieerd in dit document conform is met Richtlijn 2014/53/EU. De
volledige tekst van de EU-conformiteitsverklaring kan worden geraadpleegd op het volgende internetadres: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
PL - RF Solutions Limited niniejszym oświadcza, że typ urządzenia radiowego zdefiniowane w tym dokumencie jest zgodny z dyrektywą 2014/53/UE.
Pełny tekst deklaracji zgodności UE jest dostępny pod następującym adresem internetowym: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
PT - O(a) abaixo assinado(a) RF Solutions Limited declara que o presente tipo de equipamento de rádio definido neste documento est á em conformi-
dade com a Diretiva 2014/53/UE. O texto integral da declaração de conformidade está disponível no seguinte endereço de Internet:
www.rfsolutions.co.uk
RO - Prin prezenta, RF Solutions Limited declară că tipul de echipamente radio definit în acest document este în conformitate cu Directiva 2014/53/
UE. Textul integral al declarației UE de conformitate este disponibil la următoarea adresă internet: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
SK - RF Solutions Limited týmto vyhlasuje, že rádiové zariadenie typu definované v tomto dokumente je v súlade so smernicou 2014/53/EÚ. Úplné EÚ
vyhlásenie o zhode je k dispozícii na tejto internetovej adrese: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
SL - RF Solutions Limited potrjuje, da je tip radijske opreme opredeljeno v tem dokumentu skladen z Direktivo 2014/53/EU. Celotno besedilo izjave EU
o skladnosti je na voljo na naslednjem spletnem naslovu: www.rfsolutions.co.uk
SV - Härmed försäkrar RF Solutions Limited att denna typ av radioutrustning definieras i detta dokument överensstämmer med direktiv 2014/53/EU.
Den fullständiga texten till EU-försäkran om överensstämmelse finns på följande webbadress: www.rfsolutions.co.uk

RF Solutions Ltd. Recycling Notice

Meets the following EC Directives:
ROHS Directive 2011/65/EU and amendment 2015/863/EU
Specifies certain limits for hazardous substances.
DO NOT Discard with normal waste, please recycle.
WEEE Directive 2012/19/EU
Waste electrical & electronic equipment. This product must be disposed of through a licensed WEEE collection point. RF Solutions Ltd., fulfills its
WEEE obligations by membership of an approved compliance scheme. Environment Agency registration number: WEE/JB0104WV.

Disclaimer:
Whilst the information in this document is believed to be correct at the time of issue, RF Solutions Ltd does not accept any liability whatsoever for its accuracy, ade-
quacy or completeness. No express or implied warranty or representation is given relating to the information contained in this document. RF Solutions Ltd reserves the
right to make changes and improvements to the product(s) described herein without notice. Buyers and other users should determine for themselves the suitability of
any such information or products for their own particular requirements or specification(s). RF Solutions Ltd shall not be liable for any loss or damage caused as a result
of user’s own determination of how to deploy or use RF Solutions Ltd’s products. Use of RF Solutions Ltd products or compone nts in life support and/or safety applica-
tions is not authorised except with express written approval. No licences are created, implicitly or otherwise, under any of RF Solutions Ltd’s intellectual property
rights. Liability for loss or damage resulting or caused by reliance on the information contained herein or from the use of the product (including liability resulting from
negligence or where RF Solutions Ltd was aware of the possibility of such loss or damage arising) is excluded. This will not operate to limit or restrict RF Solutions
Ltd’s liability for death or personal injury resulting from its negligence.