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ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICS TEACHERS - KOZHIKODE

SERIES TEST - 3 (15/02/2025)
PHYSICS Maximum : 60 marks
HSE - I ANSWER KEY Time : 2 Hrs
Answer any 5 questions from 1 to 7. Each carries 1 score (5 x 1 = 5)
1.(b) Decreases (1)
2.(d) Total Energy (1)
3.(b) Light wave (1)
4. (d) 4 (1)
5. Low pressure and high temperature (1)
6.Zero (1)
7.(b)The tension in the string increases (1)
Answer any 5 questions from 8 to 14. Each carries 2 scores (5 x 2 = 10)
1
8. PV = 1 nV mv 2 = 2 nV 1 mv 2 = 2 N 2 mv 2 E = N x 1 mv 2
3 3 2 3 2
2
PV = 3 E PV = RT
2
RT = E (2)
3
E = 23 R T = 3 kB NA T = 3 kB N T
2 2

Average kinetic energy for 1 molecules is , E = 1 mv 2 = 3 kBT

N 2 2
9.(a) No change (b) Double
(c) Double (d) Become 4 times (0.5x4=2)
10.(a) Energy (Q) supplied to the system goes in partly to increase the internal energy of the system(U) and the
rest in work on the environment (W). Q = U + W (1)
(b) Any one
(i)It does not tells us regarding the direction of transfer of heat.This law does not give any reason as to why
heat cannot flow from cold body to hot one.
(ii)It does not tells us anything about the conditions under which heat energy can be converted into work. (1)
(iii) It does not tell us as to what percentage of the heat energy can be converted into mechanical energy.
Q U) = ( U) ------ (1)
11.If Q is absorbed at constant volume then, C v= ( T )v= ( T v T
Q U V
If Q is absorbed at constant pressure then, Cp= ( T )p= ( T )p+ P (T )p ------ (2)
For 1 mole of ideal gas, PV = RT (2)
V
P ( T )p= R------ (3)
Sub. the value of Cv and R in eqn. (2), we get CP = Cv + R
C P - Cv = R

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12.(a)The given equation,

y(x,t)= 0.06 sin ( 2 x)cos(120t)

is of the form
y(x,t)= 2a sinkx cost
(1)
Hence, it represents a stationary wave.
(b) v = T
m
3 x 10-2
m=
1.5
= 2 x 10-2 kg/m
T = v2 m
= 1802 x 2 x 10-2
= 648 N (1)
13.(a) Hydrogen molecule. (1)
VH MO
(b) = 32
VO MH = 2
=4
VH : VO = 4 : 1 (1)
14.
Motion Character
(a) Particle executing S.H.M Acceleration of changing magnitude and direction
(b)A body falling under gravity near the surface of Acceleration of constant magnitude and direction
the earth
(c) A body falling under gravity from a height Acceleration of changing magnitude but constant direction.
comparable to the earth’s radius.
(d)A stone revolving in a circle with constant speed Acceleration of constant magnitude but changing direction
(0.5x4 2)
Answer any 6 questions from 15 to 21. Each carries 3 scores. (6 x 3 = 18)
15.(a)Efficiency means that, 60% of the total energy received is converted into useful work. (1)
T
(b)The efficiency of heat engine,  = 1 - 2
T1
The efficiency will be 100% only if T2= 0K.
This condition cannot be attained practically.So an engine can’t have 100% efficiency. (1)
T
(c)  = 1 - 2 = 1 - 273
T1 373
(1)
= 0.268 = 26.8 %

16. (a)

(1)

-A 0 +A
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(b) P.E = K.E
1 m2x2 1
2 = m2 ( A2 - x2 )
2 (2)
2x = A2
2

A
x=
2
17. V = dx = d (A cos(t))
dt dt
= -A sin(t) (1.5)
a = dv = d (-A sin(t))
dt dt
= -A cos(t )
= x (1.5)
a x
18.The general equation for a harmonic wave is
y = A sin ( 2 x - t ) = A sin(kx - t )

Comparing this with the given equation
y = 4 sin(0.01x - 2t)
(a) Amplitude A = 4 cm = 4 x 10-2 m (0.5)
(b) 2 = 0.01

200 cm = 2 m (0.5)
(c) Initial phase  = 0 (0.5)
(d)  = 2
22
  = 1 Hz (1)
(e) Speed v = 
 = 1 x 2 = 2 m/s. (0.5)
19.(a)Velocity of light is larger than velocity of sound. (1)
P (1)
(b) Velocity of sound, v =

On rainy day, the air contains large amount of water vapour.The moist air has lesser value of the density as
compared to that of the dry air. (1)
20.  ( n + 1 ) v n = 0, 1, 2, 3, -------
2 2L
1 v
First mode of vibration :  ( 0 + 2 ) 2L
= v (1)
4L
Second mode of vibration :  ( 1 + 1 ) v
2 2L
= 3v 
4L (1)
1
Third mode of vibration :  ( 2 + 2 ) v
2L
= 5v  (1)
4L

= 1 : 3 :5

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21. (a) ( P1 ,V1 ,T1 ) Isothermal

P expansion
( P 2 , V2 ,T1 )

Adiabatic Adiabatic (2)

compression expansion

( P4 ,V4 ,T2 )
Isothermal ( P3 ,V 3 ,T2 )
compression

V
W T -T
(b)  = Q = 1 2
1 T1
800 800- 400
Q 1 = 800 (1)
= 0.5
Q1 =1600J
Answer any 3 questions from 22 to 25. Each carries 4 scores. (3 x 4 = 12)
Mass
22.(a)No. of moles of the gas, N = mole. weight
6 (1)
= 2 = 3 moles
(b)Since the change is isothermal, temperature will remain unchanged i.e., 270C. (1)
(c) W V
isothermal
= 2.303 x RT loge 2
V1
2V1
= 2.303 x 3 x 8.31 x 300 x loge
V1
(2)
= 5187.47 J
23.(a)Work done, when gas expands from V1 to V2 is greater for Isobaric process because the area under PV
diagram is greater for this. (1)
(b)Second law of thermodynamics (1)
W V2
(c) dW = P dV
0 V1

W V2 RT
dW) =  dV P = RT
V V
0 V1
V2 (2)
 W - 0 = W = RT  dV
V1 V
V
= RT (logeV) 2
V1
V2
W = 2.3026 RT log10
V1

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24.(a) Any two
. A gas consist of a large number of identical, tiny, spherical, neutral and perfectly elastic particles called
molecules.
. In a gas, molecules are moving in all possible direction with all possible speeds or random motion
. Kinetic energy is directly proportional to absolute temperature.
. The collision with the walls impart pressure.
. The collision between the molecule and with the walls of the container is perfectly elastic. (2)
. The space occupied by the molecule is negligible as compared to the volume of the gas.
(b) (i)Law of equipartition of energy states that for a dynamical system in thermal equilibrium, the energy of the
system is equally distributed amongest the various degrees of freedom and the energy associated with
each degree of freedom per molecule is 1/2 kBT, where kB is the Boltzmann’s constant. (1)
(ii)The mean free path of a molecule is defined as the average distance travelled between two successive
collisions. (1)

25.(a) Simple pendulum (1)

(b) T = 2 L g
= 2 1 = 2 sec (1)
9.8
(c) Centre of mass lowers when water drains out and hence length of the pendulum increases
and period of oscillation increases. (1)
When the water is completely drained out the centre of mass comes back to the original
position so time period decreases to the original value. (1)

Answer any 3 questions from 26 to 29. Each carries 5 scores. (3 x 5 = 15)

26.(a)Work (1)
(b) (i) T = a constant.U=0, internal energy is a constant (1)
(ii) Since Q=0,U=W, internal energy decreases. (1)
(c)For adiabatic process, PV = constant
Differentiating both sides,
dV  dP
P V- 1 dV + V dV = 0
dP
P V- 1 + V dV = 0
dP P V- 1 (2)
=-
dV V
= - P
V
dP
V = - P
dV
P V = P
Bulk modulus, B =
V
27.(a)Simple harmonic motion is defined as that periodic motion in which acceleration is directly proportional to its
displacement from mean position and is always directed towards the mean position. (1)
(b)

x = -A x =0 x = +A

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According to Newton’s law, F= ma = m(x) --------(1)

According to Hooke’s law, F = -kx ..................(2) (3)
Comparing (1) and (2) we get
k = m
 k
m
2 k
T = m
m
T = 2
k
(c) x = 5 cos (2x1.5 +  )
4

= 5 cos (3 + 4 )
 (1)
= -5 cos ( )
4
= -3.535 m
28.(a) Length of the string = xL- x0
n - 0 = n
L= 2
2
2L
= n
 nv n = 1,2,3,-------
2L
First mode of vibration :
(1)v v
 
2L 2L

 1 
2L m (1)
Second mode of vibration :
 2v  (1)
2L
Third mode of vibration :
3v
  
2L (1)


(c)
N A A N (1)
N

N A A A N (1)
N N

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29.(a)

L
M
( vx, vy, vz )
mvx
lZ

( -vx, vy, vz

ly

By the principle of conservation of momentum, the momentum imparted to the wall L in one collision = 2 mvx
A molecule cover a distance in small time interval  t = vx  t
Number of molecules with in the volume Avx t can hit the wall L and M =n(Avx t) ,where n is the number
of molecules per unit volume.
Number of molecules with velocity (vx, vy, vz ) hitting the wall L in time t = 1/2 n (Avx  t)
The total momentum transferred to the wall L by these molecule in time t is,
Q = ( 2 mvx ) 1/2 n (Avx  t) = n mvx 2A t
Q n mvx 2A t
The force on the wall L, F =  t = = n mvx 2A
t
F n mvx 2A (3)
The pressure on the wall L, P = =
 
= n mvx 2
Let the molecules are moving with velocities vx1, vx2, vx3,----, vxn along X - axis.
Pressure exerted by these molecules on the face L, Px = n m (vx 12 + vx 22 + vx 32 + ------ + vx n2 )
= n m vx 2 where vx 2 is the average of vx 2 .
Now the gas is isotropic, i.e., there is no preferred direction of velocity of the molecule in the vessel.
Therefore, by symmetry, vx 2 = vy 2 = vz 2 = 1 ( vx 2 + vy 2 + vz 2 )
3
1
= 3 ( v 2)
where v is the speed and v 2 denotes the mean of the squared speed.Then, P = 13 n mv
2

(b) CP - CV = R
CP = R - CV = R + 3 R
2

= 25 R

CP 5R
 2 (2)
CV = 3
R
2
=5
3

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