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Active Transport Worksheet

The document explains active transport, which uses energy (ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradients, exemplified by the sodium-potassium pump. It also covers bulk transport methods including endocytosis and exocytosis, detailing their processes and types such as pinocytosis and phagocytosis. The document includes comprehension questions related to these concepts.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
22 views2 pages

Active Transport Worksheet

The document explains active transport, which uses energy (ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradients, exemplified by the sodium-potassium pump. It also covers bulk transport methods including endocytosis and exocytosis, detailing their processes and types such as pinocytosis and phagocytosis. The document includes comprehension questions related to these concepts.

Uploaded by

janansj30
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name:____________________________________________________________

 Date:  _________________________  Period:___________  

Worksheet: Active Transport


 
Active  transport  uses  energy  (ATP)  to  move  solutes  against  their  gradients.  Substances  are  moved  
against  their  concentration  gradient  –  that  is,  from  the  side  where  they  are  less  concentrated  to  the  side  
where  they  are  more  concentrated.  This  type  of  transport  requires  energy,  usually  in  the  form  of  ATP.  A  
common  example  of  active  transport  is  the  sodium-­‐potassium  pump.  This  transmembrane  protein  pumps  
sodium  out  of  the  cell  and  potassium  into  the  cell.  The  sodium-­‐potassium  pump  is  necessary  for  proper  
nerve  transmission  and  is  a  major  energy  consumer  in  the  body.  The  inside  of  the  cell  is  negatively  
charged  compared  with  outside  of  the  cell.  The  difference  in  electric  charge  across  a  membrane  is  
expressed  in  voltage  and  termed  the  membrane  potential.  Because  the  inside  of  the  cell  in  negatively  
charged,  a  positively  charged  ion  on  the  outside,  like  sodium,  is  attracted  to  the  negative  charges  inside  
the  cell.  Thus,  two  forces  drive  the  diffusion  of  ions  across  a  membrane:  
• A  chemical  force,  which  is  the  ion’s  concentration  gradient,  and    

• A  voltage  gradient  across  the  membrane,  which  attracts  positively  charged  ions  and  repels  
negatively  charged  ions  
This  combination  of  forces  acting  on  an  ion  forms  an  electrochemical  gradient.  

 
Endocytosis  and  Exocytosis:  
There  are  two  types  of  bulk  transport,  exocytosis  and  endocytosis,  and  both  require  the  expenditure  of  
energy  (ATP).  In  endocytosis,  molecules  that  are  too  large  to  be  transported  by  other  means  are  
engulfed  by  an  invagination  of  the  cell  membrane  and  carried  into  the  cell  surrounded  by  a  vesicle.    

There  are  three  forms  of  endocytosis:  


• Pinocytosis  is  a  form  of  endocytosis  in  which  the  cell  engulfs  fluids  (liquids).  

• Phagocytosis  is  a  form  of  endocytosis  in  which  the  cell  takes  in  larger  particles,  such  as  a  white  
blood  cell  engulfing  a  bacterium.  

• Receptor-­‐mediated  endocytosis  allows  the  cell  to  take  in  very  specific  molecules  (ligands)  that  
pair  up  with  specific  receptors  on  the  cell  surface.  

Exocytosis  is  the  reverse  of  endocytosis.  Exocytosis  is  a  form  of  active  transport  in  which  a  cell  
transports  molecules  (such  as  proteins)  out  of  the  cell  (exo-­‐  +  cytosis)  by  expelling  them  in  an  energy-­‐
using  process.  
1
Active  Transport  Reading  Comprehension  &  Application  Questions  
 
Word  Bank  (Note:  a  word  may  be  used  more  than  once)  
   
                     concentration  gradient       endocytosis       energy      
  exocytosis                                                                                                                      phagocytosis                                                          pinocytosis          
 
 
concentration gradient.
1.    Active  transport  can  move  substances  against  their  __________________________________________________.  
 
exocytosis.
2.    Materials  are  released  from  a  cell  in  a  process  called  ______________________________________.  
 
3.    The  difference  between  active  and  passive  transport  is  that  active  transport  requires  
_______________________,  
energy, while  passive  transport  does  not.  
 
4.    Materials  are  taken  in  by  a  cell  in  a  process  called  ____________________________.   endocytosis.
 
5.    _Pinocytosis ________________________  is  the  movement  of  solutes  or  fluids  into  a  cell.  
 
Phagocytosis
6.    ___________________________   is  the  movement  of  large  particles  into  a  cell.  
 
fendocytosis
7.    Phagocytosis  and  pinocytosis  are  types  of  ____________________   transport.  
 
9.    Label  the  diagrams  below  –  Exocytosis,  Endocytosis,  Pinocytosis,  Phagocytosis.  
C Phagocytosis

A Phagocytosis B Pinocytosis

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