DEPARTMENT OF
COMPUTERSCIENCE & ENGINEERING
EXPERIMENT - 4
Student Name: JEET BHARTI UID: 22BCS14804
Branch: BE-CSE Section: FL_IOT-602 ‘A’
Semester: 6th DOP: 11/02/2025
Subject: Computer Graphics LAB Subject Code: 22CSH-352
1. Aim:
a) Develop a program to draw a circle using the circle generator algorithm for a
given center and radius.
b) Develop a program to draw a circle using the midpoint circle algorithm for a
given center and radius.
2. Objective: To develop and implement the circle generator and midpoint
circle generator algorithm to draw a circle with a given center and radius.
3. Implementation/Code:
A.) Mid Point Circle Algorithm:
#include <iostream>
#include <graphics.h>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
void drawCircle(int xc, int yc, int r) {
for (int x = -r; x <= r; x++) {
int y = static_cast<int>(sqrt(r * r - x * x));
putpixel(xc + x, yc + y, WHITE);
putpixel(xc + x, yc - y, WHITE);
putpixel(xc + y, yc + x, WHITE);
putpixel(xc + y, yc - x, WHITE);
putpixel(xc - x, yc + y, WHITE);
putpixel(xc - x, yc - y, WHITE);
putpixel(xc - y, yc + x, WHITE);
putpixel(xc - y, yc - x, WHITE);
}
}
int main() {
int gd = DETECT, gm;
initgraph(&gd, &gm, "");
int xc, yc, r;
cout << "Enter the center of the circle (xc, yc): ";
cin >> xc >> yc;
cout << "Enter the radius of the circle: ";
cin >> r;
DEPARTMENT OF
COMPUTERSCIENCE & ENGINEERING
drawCircle(xc, yc, r);
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
B.) Circle Generator Algorithm:
#include <iostream>
#include <graphics.h>
using namespace std;
void midpointCircle(int xc, int yc, int r) {
int x = r, y = 0;
int p = 1 - r; // Initial decision parameter
// Draw the 8 symmetric points of the circle
putpixel(xc + x, yc + y, WHITE);
putpixel(xc - x, yc + y, WHITE);
putpixel(xc + x, yc - y, WHITE);
putpixel(xc - x, yc - y, WHITE);
putpixel(xc + y, yc + x, WHITE);
putpixel(xc - y, yc + x, WHITE);
putpixel(xc + y, yc - x, WHITE);
putpixel(xc - y, yc - x, WHITE);
// Loop until x >= y
while (x > y) {
y++;
if (p <= 0) {
p = p + 2 * y + 1; // Move to the next point in the y-direction
} else {
x--;
p = p + 2 * y - 2 * x + 1; // Move diagonally
}
// Draw the 8 symmetric points
putpixel(xc + x, yc + y, WHITE);
putpixel(xc - x, yc + y, WHITE);
putpixel(xc + x, yc - y, WHITE);
putpixel(xc - x, yc - y, WHITE);
putpixel(xc + y, yc + x, WHITE);
putpixel(xc - y, yc + x, WHITE);
putpixel(xc + y, yc - x, WHITE);
putpixel(xc - y, yc - x, WHITE);
}
}
DEPARTMENT OF
COMPUTERSCIENCE & ENGINEERING
int main() {
int gd = DETECT, gm;
initgraph(&gd, &gm, "");
int xc, yc, r;
cout << "Enter the center of the circle (xc, yc): ";
cin >> xc >> yc;
cout << "Enter the radius of the circle: ";
cin >> r;
midpointCircle(xc, yc, r);
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
4. Output:
Fig1: Mid-Point Circle Algorithm
Fig2: Circle Generator Algorithm
DEPARTMENT OF
COMPUTERSCIENCE & ENGINEERING
5. Learning Outcome:
1. Understand and implement the Midpoint Circle Algorithm and Circle Generator Algorithm
to draw a circle efficiently.
2. Learn how to use decision parameters and symmetry to plot points in a circle without using
floating-point calculations.
3. Gain hands-on experience with graphics programming in C++ using functions like putpixel
and initgraph.
4. Develop problem-solving skills by applying mathematical concepts (e.g., decision
parameters) to optimize circle drawing algorithms.
