AP Calculus AB

Exponential, Logarithmic and Trigonometric Derivatives

UNIT AND ASSIGNMENT OUTLINE

Day Topic Assignment

3.9 Derivatives of Exponential Handout: 3.9 Derivatives of Exponential and Logarithmic

and Logarithmic Functions Functions Homework #1

3.9 (Cont’d) Derivatives of Handout: 3.9 Derivatives of Exponential and Logarithmic

Exponential and Logarithmic Functions Homework #2
Functions

3.5 Limits and Derivatives of Handout: 3.5 Limits and Derivatives of Trigonometric Functions
Trigonometric Functions Homework

3.8 Derivatives of Inverse

Handout: 3.8 Derivatives of Inverse Trigonometric Functions
Trigonometric Functions

Sample AP Written Response

Handout: AP Calculus – Random Question Problem Set
Exam Questions
AP Calculus – Exponents / Logarithms / Trigonometry Unit Date:

3.9 Derivatives of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

Example 1: Use the definition of the derivative and your graphing calculator to find y for y  e x .

Example 2: Use the definition of the derivative and your graphing calculator to find y for y  e 2 x .

Derivative of y  e g  x 
d  eu 
If u is a differentiable function of x , then 
dx

Example 3: Find y for each of the following

3

b) y  e
3 x 2
2 2
2ex
a) y  e x
c) y  e5 x d) y  1  e4 x
Example 4: Find the derivative of y  a x where a is a constant and a  0 and a  1 .

Derivative of y  a g  x 

If u is a differentiable function of x and a is a constant with a  0 and a  1 , then

d  au 

dx

Example 5: Find y for each of the following

2
x 1
a) y  3x b) y  6 c) y  3 41 2 x

Example 6: Find the derivative of y  ln x

Derivative of y  ln  g ( x) 

d  ln u 
If u is a differentiable function of x , then 
dx

Example 7: Find y for each of the following

 x 
a) y  ln  x 2  2 x  3  b) y   ln x 
4
c) y  ln  
 x 1 

Example 8: Find the derivative of y  log a x

Derivative of y  log a  g  x  

If u is a differentiable function of x and a is a constant with a  0 and a  1 , then

d  log a u 

dx
Example 9: Find y for each of the following

a) y  log 2  3 x 3  2 x  b) y  log  2 x  e x 

c) y  log 4  3 x  1
9

x2  2
d) y  log 5
3 x
AP Calculus – Exponents / Logarithms / Trigonometry Unit Date:

3.9 (Cont’d) Derivatives of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

Example 1: Use implicit differentiation to find y for each of the following:

a) e xy  x 2  y 2  2 b) ln  x  2 y   e y

Example 2: Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve y  x 2 e  x at x  1 .

2
Example 3: Find the maximums and minimums of y  xe1 x .
Example 4: Analyze y  ln  x 2  1 under the headings A – H.

A) Domain

B) Intercepts

C) Symmetry

D) Asymptotes

E) Intervals of Increase and Decrease

F) Maximums & Minimums

 G) Concavity & Points of Inflection

H) Sketch

Example 5: Find y for y  x x using logarithmic differentiation

 x 2  4  x  1
3 4

Example 6: Find y for y  using logarithmic differentiation

 2 x  3
5
AP Calculus – Exponents / Logarithms / Trigonometry Unit Date:

3.5 Limits and Derivatives of Trigonometric Functions

Example 1: Evaluate

a) lim sin x b) lim cos x c) lim tan x

x 0 x 0 x 0

Example 2: Use your graphing calculator to approximate the following limits

sin x sin 2 x sin 26 x sin 0.8 x

a) lim b) lim c) lim d) lim
x 0 x x 0 2x x 0 26 x x 0 0.8 x

Theorem:
sin ax
lim  where a is a non-zero constant
x 0 ax

Example 3: Evaluate algebraically

sin x sin 7 x sin 3 x sin 2 x

a) lim b) lim c) lim d) lim
6x
x 0 4 x 2
x 0 5x x  0 sin 4 x x 0
 tan x cos x  1 tan x
e) lim f) lim g) lim
x 0 x x 0 x x  0 sin 2 x

Example 4: Use the definition of the derivative to find y for y  sin x .

Example 5: Find y for y  tan x

Derivative Rules for Trigonometric Functions

If u is a differentiable function of x , then

d d
 sin u    csc u  
dx dx
d d
 cos u    sec u  
dx dx
d d
 tan u    cot u  
dx dx

Example 6: Find y

a) y  x 2 sin 4x b) y  cos3 1  x 4 

  x 
c) y  cos sin d) y 
x
csc 2 x

e) y  tan 3x 2  sec 1  2 x 
Example 7: Use implicit differentiation to find y for tan y 2  sec x  cot y  csc x


Example 8: Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve at y  sin x  cos x at x  .
2

1
Example 9: The angle of elevation of the sun is decreasing at rad/hr. How fast is the shadow cast by a
4

building of height 50 metres lengthening when the angle of elevation of the sun is ?
6
AP Calculus – Exponents / Logarithms / Trigonometry Unit Date:

3.8 Derivatives of Inverse Trigonometric Functions

Example 1: Suppose y  sin 1 x . Find y using implicit differentiation.

Example 2: Suppose y  cos 1 x . Find y using implicit differentiation.

Example 3: Suppose y  tan 1 x . Find y using implicit differentiation.

Derivative of Inverse Trigonometric Functions where u is a differentiable function of x .

If u is a differentiable function of x , then

d
sin 1  u    d
dx  csc 1  u   
dx 

d
 cos 1  u    d
dx  sec 1  u   
dx 

d
 tan 1  u    d
dx   cot 1  u   
dx

*Note: sin 1 x and arcsin  x  etc. **Domains are restricted to make them functions

Example 4: Find y for each of the following using the rules above.

a) y  sin 1  x 2  b) y  csc 1  4 x 

1  x 
3
d) y  sec 1  2 x  
3
c) y  cos  
 2
 e) y  tan 1  x 1  f) y  cot 1  e 2 x 

Example 5: A particle moves along the y  axis so that its velocity v at time t  0 is given by the function
v  t   1  tan 1  et  .

a) Find the acceleration of the particle at time t  2 .

b) Is the speed of the particle increasing or decreasing at t  2 ? Give a reason for your answer.
c) Find the time t  0 at which the particle reaches its highest point. Justify your answer.
Example 6: (Multiple Choice)

arccos  a  h   arccos  a 
If lim  3 , which of the following could be a value of a ?
h 0 h

8 1
(A) (B) (C) 3 (D) 1
3 3

3
Example 7: Find the tangent line equation of the curve y  sin 1  5 x  at the point where x   .
10