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 IS
THIRD
EDITION
Pearson MyLab
TM

Wallace
Improving Results
A proven way to help individual students achieve the
goals that educators set for their course.

Introduction to Information Systems

Engaging Experiences
Dynamic, engaging experiences that personalize
and activate learning for each student.

An Experienced Partner
From Pearson, a long-term partner with a true grasp
of the subject, excellent content, and an eye on the
future of education.

Introduction to
Information Systems
Patricia Wallace

www.pearsonhighered.com

ISBN-13: 978-0-13-463519-4
THIRD EDITION

ISBN-10: 0-13-463519-1
9 0 0 0 0

9 780134 635194
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A01_LO5943_03_SE_FM.indd iv 04/12/15 4:22 PM

 About the Author

P
atricia Wallace’s career spans the fields of information technology, business
and management, and psychology, and she has held varied positions, includ-
ing head of information technology, faculty member, academic administra-
tor, and consultant. She recently retired from Johns Hopkins University, where she
was Senior Director, IT and Online Programs, at the Center for Talented Youth for
IS
Contents vii

14 years. Before joining Hopkins, Dr. Wallace served as Chief Information Strategies,
at the Robert H. Smith School of Business, University of Maryland, College Park. She
currently teaches in the Graduate School of the University of Maryland University
College, where she also served as the Associate Vice President and Chief Information
Officer for ten years. She earned her Ph.D. in psychology at the University of Texas
at Austin and holds an M.S. in Computer Systems Management. Dr. Wallace has
published 14 books, including The Internet in the Workplace: How New Technologies
Transform Work (2004) and The Psychology of the Internet (2016), several educa-
tional software programs, and numerous scholarly articles.

vii

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 Brief Contents

CHAPTER

CHAPTER
1
2
Information Systems and People 2

Information Systems and Strategy 32

IS Contents ix

CHAPTER
3 Information and Communications
Technologies: The Enterprise Architecture 62

CHAPTER
4 Databases and Data Warehouses 94

CHAPTER
5 Information Systems for the Enterprise 130

CHAPTER
6 The Web, Social Media, E-Commerce, and M-Commerce 164

CHAPTER
7 Business Intelligence and Decision Making 198

CHAPTER
8 Collaborating with Technology 228

CHAPTER
9 Knowledge Management and E-Learning 260

CHAPTER
10 Ethics, Privacy, and Security 294

CHAPTER
11 Systems Development and Procurement 328

CHAPTER
12 Project Management and Strategic Planning 358

C a s e St u d i e s Facebook and Instagram: Privacy Challenges 389

Enabling the Sharing Economy: The Case of Uber Technologies  393
Apple: Can the Company Pull Off Another Disruptive Innovation?  396
Managing the Federal Government’s IT Project Portfolio  399

Glossary  403

Index  411

ix

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 Contents

CHAPTER
1
Preface  xxiii
Acknowledgments  xxxi

Information Systems and People 2

IS Contents xi

Learning Objectives   2
Introduction  2
Information Systems in Action   4
Managing Operations   4
Supporting Customer Interactions   6
Making Decisions   6
Collaborating on Teams   7
Gaining Competitive Advantage   8
Improving Individual Productivity   8
The Nature of Information   8
What Makes Information Valuable?   9
The Components of an Information System   10
People  10
Technology  11
Processes  12
Data  14
Information Systems, the Discipline   14
Information Systems throughout the Organization   16
Information Systems in Business   17
Information Systems in Nonprofits and Government   17
Inside the IT Department   17
Collaborating on Information Systems   19
Improving Your Own Productivity   19
Promises, Perils, and Ethical Issues   21
Privacy Breaches and Amplification Effects   21

The Ethical Factor: Ethical Issues Surrounding Information Systems   22

Online Simulation   22
Chapter Summary   23
Key Terms and Concepts   23
Chapter Review Questions   24
Projects and Discussion Questions   24
Application Exercises   25
EXCEL APPLICATION: STAFF Planning Spreadsheet   25
ACCESS APPLICATION: Information Systems in Business   26
Case Study #1 Nasdaq’s Information Challenges: Facebook’s Botched Public Opening and
High-Frequency Trading   26
Case Study #2 Breaking News: Twitter’s Growing Role in Emergencies and Disaster Communications   28

xi

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 xii Cont e n ts

E-Project 1 Analyzing the May 6 “Flash Crash” with Excel Charts   29

E-Project 2 Gathering, Visualizing, and Evaluating Reports from Twitter and Other Sources During a
Disaster  29
Chapter Notes   30

CHAPTER
2 Information Systems and Strategy 32
Learning Objectives   32
Introduction  32
Porter’s Five Competitive Forces   34
Threat of New Entrants   35
Power of Buyers   36
Power of Suppliers   36
Threat of Substitutes   37
Rivalry Among Existing Competitors   38
Factors that Affect How the Five Forces Operate   38
Disruptive Technology and Innovations   38
Government Policies and Actions   40
Complementary Services and Products in the Ecosystem   40
Environmental Events and “Wildcards”   42
The Value Chain and Strategic Thinking   42
Extending the Value Chain: From Suppliers to the Firm to Customers   43
Benchmarking Components of the Value Chain   44

The Ethical Factor: Ethical Responsibility in an Extended Value Chain   44

IT Benchmarks   44
Competitive Strategies in Business   46
The Role of Information Systems in Strategy   47
Information Systems: Run, Grow, and Transform the Business   48
Information Strategies and Nonprofit Organizations   49
Fund-Raising  50
Volunteering  50
Information Strategies and Government   50
Does I.T. Matter?   51
Spending on Running, Growing, and Transforming   52
Leveling UP!: A Strategic Analysis   52
Online Simulation   53
Chapter Summary   54
Key Terms and Concepts   55
Chapter Review Questions   55
Projects and Discussion Questions   55
Application Exercises   56
EXCEL APPLICATION: IT Benchmarks   56
ACCESS APPLICATION: Telethon Call Reports   56
Case Study #1 Can GameStop Survive with Its Brick-and-Mortar Stores?   57
Case Study #2 The Battle for Net Neutrality   58
E-Project 1 Identifying Company Strategy with Online Financial Chart Tools   59
E-Project 2 Analyzing Media Download Times with Excel   59
Chapter Notes   60

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 Contents xiii

CHAPTER
3 Information and Communications
Technologies: The Enterprise Architecture 62
Learning Objectives   62
Introduction  62
The Hardware   64
Input and Output   64
Processing  68
Storage  69

The Ethical Factor: Ethical Implications of Big Data   70

The Software   70
Types of Software   70
How Is Software Created?   72
Networks and Telecommunications   74
Transmission Media and Protocols   74
Networking Basics   76
Network Protocols   78
Strategy and Competition in Telecommunications   80
The Enterprise Architecture   81
Trends in Enterprise Architectures   81
Guiding the Enterprise Architecture   85
Online Simulation   86
Chapter Summary   87
Key Terms and Concepts   88
Chapter Review Questions   88
Projects and Discussion Questions   88
Application Exercises   89
EXCEL APPLICATION: Analyzing Growth in Computer Storage Capacities   89
ACCESS APPLICATION: Managing ICT Assets with a Database   89
Case Study #1 Google Glass and Wearable Technologies   90
Case Study #2 Rolling Out Its 4G Network, Sprint Corporation Competes with Rivals   91
E-Project 1 Voluntary Distributed Computing   92
E-Project 2 Using Excel to Analyze Cost Effectiveness for 4G Rollouts   92
Chapter Notes   93

CHAPTER
4 Databases and Data Warehouses 94
Learning Objectives   94
Introduction  94
The Nature of Information Resources   96
Structured, Unstructured, and Semi-Structured Information   96
Metadata  97
The Quality of Information   97
Managing Information: From Filing Cabinets to the Database   98
Tables, Records, and Fields   99
The Rise and Fall of File Processing Systems   100
Databases and Database Management Systems   102

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 xiv Con t e n ts

Developing and Managing a Relational Database   105

Planning the Data Model   105
Accessing the Database and Retrieving Information   109

The Ethical Factor: Ethical Issues in Database Design: The Case of Ethnic Identification   110

Managing and Maintaining the Database   112

Multiple Databases and the Challenge of Integration   114
Shadow Systems   114
Integration Strategies and Master Data Management   114
Data Warehouses and Big Data   115
Building the Data Warehouse   116
The Challenge of Big Data   117
Strategic Planning, Business Intelligence, and Data Mining   119
The Challenges of Information Management: The Human Element   119
Ownership Issues   119
Databases Without Boundaries   120
Balancing Stakeholders’ Information Needs   120
Online Simulation   121
Chapter Summary   122
Key Terms and Concepts   123
Chapter Review Questions   123
Projects and Discussion Questions   123
Application Exercises   124
EXCEL APPLICATION: Managing Catering Supplies   124
ACCESS APPLICATION: DD-Designs   125
Case Study #1 UK Police Track Suspicious Vehicles in Real Time with Cameras and the License Plate
Database  126
Case Study #2 How eBay Scales Its Database Architecture with SQL and NoSQL   127
E-Project 1 Identifying Suspects with a License Plate Database: Constructing Queries with Access   128
E-Project 2 Building a Database for Customer Records   128
Chapter Notes   129

CHAPTER
5 Information Systems for the Enterprise 130
Learning Objectives   130
Introduction  130
Finance Management   132
Components of Financial Information Systems   132
Financial Reporting, Compliance, and Transparency   134
Human Capital Management   135
Components of Human Capital Management Systems   135
HCM Metrics   137
Managing the Supply Chain   138
Supply Chain Fundamentals   138

The Ethical Factor: Ethics and Talent Management   138

Measuring Performance in Supply Chains   139

Information Systems and Technology for Supply Chain Management   142

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 Contents xv
Customer Relationship Management   145
CRM Goals and Metrics   145
CRM Strategies and Technologies   147
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP): Bringing It All Together   150
ERP Components   150
ERP Integration Strategies   152
Implementation Issues   153
Online Simulation   155
Chapter Summary   156
Key Terms and Concepts   157
Chapter Review Questions   157
Projects and Discussion Questions   157
Application Exercises   158
EXCEL APPLICATION: Performance Bicycle Parts   158
ACCESS APPLICATION: VSI Consultants   158
Case Study #1 Salesforce.com: Taking CRM to the Cloud   160
Case Study #2 Winning the War for Talent: The Mandarin Oriental’s Talent Management System   161
E-Project 1 CRM for Human Services Agencies   162
E-Project 2 Evaluating Employment and Recruitment Websites   162
Chapter Notes   163

CHAPTER
6 The Web, Social Media, E-Commerce,
and M-Commerce 164
Learning Objectives   164
Introduction  164
Developing a Web Strategy   166
Choosing a Goal   166
Naming the Website   168
Building the Website   170
Website Design   170

The Ethical Factor: Website Accessibility: Why Is Progress So Slow?   175

Software Development Strategies for the Web   175

E-Commerce  178
The Online Transaction and E-commerce Software   178
E-commerce Security   178
E-commerce Trust   179
Mobile Devices and M-Commerce   179
Why Mobile Matters   179
Designing Websites and Apps for Mobile Devices   180
M-commerce and Mobile Payments   181
Digital Marketing   181
Search Engine Optimization   181
Social and Mobile Marketing   184
Web 2.0 and Beyond   185
Crowdsourcing and Collective Intelligence   186
Expanding Data and Sensory Input: The Internet of Things   186
The Learning Web   187

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 xvi Con t e n ts

Online Simulation   188

Chapter Summary   189
Key Terms and Concepts   190
Chapter Review Questions   190
Projects and Discussion Questions   191
Application Exercises   192
WEBSITE APPLICATION: Heritage Dogs   192
EXCEL APPLICATION: Heritage Dogs Website Metrics   192
ACCESS APPLICATION: Springfield Animal Shelter   192
Case Study #1 Mobile Payments and the Digital Wallet   193
Case Study #2 LinkedIn: The Social Network and E-Marketplace for Professionals   194
E-Project 1 Examining Top M-Commerce Sites   195
E-Project 2 Exploring Linkedin’s Web Analytics   195
Chapter Notes   196

CHAPTER
7 Business Intelligence and Decision Making 198
Learning Objectives   198
Introduction  198
Levels of Decision Making   200
Operational Level   200
Tactical Level   200
Strategic Level   201
Sources of Business Intelligence   202
Transactional Databases, Data Warehouses, and Internal Data Sources   202
External Data Sources and Big Data   202

The Ethical Factor: The Ethics of Tagging Faces in Photos   204

Data Mining and Analytics   204

Analyzing Patterns, Trends, and Relationships   204
Simulating, Optimizing, and Forecasting   207
Artificial Intelligence   209
Achieving Success with Digital Analytics   212
Capturing Digital Metrics   212
Analyzing Data and Achieving Success   215
Putting It All Together: Dashboards, Portals, and Mashups   216
Dashboards  216
Portals  216
Mashups  218
Business Intelligence: The Human Element   219
Online Simulation   220
Chapter Summary   221
Key Terms and Concepts   221
Chapter Review Questions   222
Projects and Discussion Questions   222
Application Exercises   223
EXCEL APPLICATION: Analyzing Revenue and Expenses for City Hospital Seminars   223
ACCESS APPLICATION: Marketing City Hospital Seminars   223

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 Contents xvii
Case Study #1 Cracking Fraud with Government’s Big Data   224
Case Study #2 TV and Twitter: How Nielsen Rates Programs with “Social TV”   225
E-Project 1 Detecting Suspicious Activity in Insurance Claims   226
E-Project 2 Analyzing Nielsen TV Ratings with Excel   226
Chapter Notes   227

CHAPTER
8 Collaborating with Technology 228
Learning Objectives   228
Introduction  228
The Evolution of Collaborative Technologies   230
Email Technology, Contacts, and Calendars   230
Discussion Forums   232
Instant Messaging and Texting   232
Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS)   235
Web Conferencing   235
Interactive Video   236
Shared Workspaces   237
Web 2.0 Collaborative Technologies   238
Blogs  238
Wikis  239
Social Networking   239
Microblogging  240
Virtual Worlds and Virtual Reality   241
Unified Communications   243
Capabilities for Unified Communications   243
Universal Dashboards   244
The Human Element and Collaborative Technologies   244
Psychological Characteristics of Online Environments   244

The Ethical Factor: Flash Mobs and Free Speech: Should Police Block Mobile Messaging Services?   246

Managing Online Impressions   247

Group Dynamics in Virtual Teams   247
Making Virtual Teams Work   249
Online Simulation   250
Chapter Summary   251
Key Terms and Concepts   251
Chapter Review Questions   252
Projects and Discussion Questions   252
Application Exercises   253
EXCEL APPLICATION: Going Green!   253
ACCESS APPLICATION: Cloud 9   253
Case Study #1 Telepresence Robots Support Remote Collaboration   254
Case Study #2 The Pros and Cons of Telecommuting   255
E-Project 1 Estimating Breakeven Pricing for Telepresence Robots
Using a Spreadsheet   256
E-Project 2 Estimating Savings for Virtual Work Using an Excel Model   256
Chapter Notes   257

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 xviii Con t e n ts

CHAPTER
9 Knowledge Management and E-Learning 260
Learning Objectives   260
Introduction  260
The Nature of Intellectual Capital   262
Types of Intellectual Capital   262
Types of Knowledge   262
Managing Intellectual Capital   263
Knowledge Management Strategies and Technologies   264
Identify the Goal   264
Locate the Sources   264
Capture the Knowledge   267
Organize, Share, and Value Knowledge   268
Knowledge Management: Pitfalls and Promises   272
The Human Element: Why Share Knowledge?   272
Incentives for Knowledge Sharing   272

The Ethical Factor: Knowledge Sharing in Fast-Paced Industries: The Case of Formula One Racing   273

Technology Hurdles and Content Issues   274

The Semantic Web   274
Practical Tips for Launching a Knowledge Management Project   274
E-Learning  275
Comparing E-learning Approaches   275
Creating an E-Learning Program   277
Course Development   277
Learning Objects   277
Content Authoring Tools   278
Collaboration Tools   280
Strategies to Prevent Cheating   281
Learning Management Systems   281
E-Learning in Education   282
Differences Between Corporate and Education E-Learning   283
Comparing E-learning and Classroom Learning   283
Online Simulation   285
Chapter Summary   286
Key Terms and Concepts   287
Chapter Review Questions   287
Projects and Discussion Questions   287
Application Exercises   288
EXCEL APPLICATION: Top Talent   288
ACCESS APPLICATION: Top Talent   288
Case Study #1 Lynda.com: How an E-Learning Entrepreneur
Rides Waves of Change   289
Case Study #2 Diplopedia: Managing State Department
Knowledge with a Wiki   290
E-Project 1 Exploring the World of Online Courses   291
E-Project 2 Managing the Human Element on Wikipedia
with Technology   291
Chapter Notes   292

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 Contents xix

CHAPTER
10 Ethics, Privacy, and Security 294
Learning Objectives   294
Introduction  294
Ethics  296
Ethical Frameworks   296
Ethics and the Law   296
Ethical Issues and Information and Communications Technologies   297
Information Ethics   298
Intellectual Property and Digital Rights Management   298
Plagiarism  300
Privacy  301
Trading Privacy for Convenience and Freebies   302
Anonymity  303
Surveillance  304
“The Right to Be Forgotten”   305
Information Security   306
Risk Management   306
Identifying Threats   306

The Ethical Factor: Ethical Dilemmas in a Distributed Denial of Service Attack   309

Assessing Vulnerability   309

Administrative Security Controls   311
Technical Security Controls   311
Information Security and Cloud Computing   314
The Human Element in Information Ethics, Security, and Privacy   315
Cognitive Issues and Productivity   315
Social Engineering and Information Security   316
Security Awareness and Ethical Decision Making   316
Online Simulation   318
Chapter Summary   319
Key Terms and Concepts   319
Chapter Review Questions   320
Projects and Discussion Questions   320
Application Exercises   321
EXCEL APPLICATION: Citywide Community College   321
ACCESS APPLICATION: Citywide Community College   321
Case Study #1 Zynga Kills Petville and Angers Virtual Pet Owners   322
Case Study #2 Community Policing on the Internet: Spamhaus Targets
Worldwide Spammers   323
E-Project 1 Tracking the Trackers: Investigating How Third-Party Cookies
Steer the Ads You See   325
E-Project 2 Analyzing Spammers by Country Using Excel Pivot Tables   325
Chapter Notes   326

A01_WALL5194_03_SE_FM.indd 19 08/12/16 4:05 pm

Exploring the Variety of Random
Documents with Different Content
The principal residents are John Beeston, farmer, The Hall; Ralph
Bennet, farmer; Henry Buckley, beerhouse-keeper; Samuel Foxley,
victualler, Crow Inn; Robert Huntback, farmer; Jane Latham, farmer;
Thomas Latham, farmer; John Lea, farmer; Charlotte Morrey,
farmer; James Sandbach, farmer, Brooklands; Samuel Wilkinson,
farmer.

WOORE

is a chapelry and considerable village, pleasantly situated at the

north-east extremity of the county, seven miles N.N.E. from Market
Drayton. The village contains many good houses, a neat church,
and a respectable hotel, and stands on a salubrious acclivity, which
commands extensive views of the surrounding country. The
township contains 1,000a. 2r. 26p. of land, and in 1841 there were
98 houses and 372 persons. Gross estimated rental, £1,810. 15s.
2d. Rateable value, £1,632. 17s. 9d. The principal landowner is
George Kendrick, Esq. Mr. Smith, Mr. Richard Clough, and the
Devisees of the late Mr. Latham, are also proprietors.
The Church is a neat structure, dedicated to St. Leonard, and has
been built about twenty years. The cost of the fabric was £1,300.
The living is a perpetual curacy, returned at £100, in the patronage
of the Kendrick and Kinnersley families alternately; incumbent, Rev.
John Hawksworth, M.A., who resides at the Parsonage, a neat
residence a short distance from the church. The old church was
taken down on the erection of the present structure, and stood near
the site of the parsonage house. The National School was built by
voluntary subscriptions and a grant from the national society in
1832. At the present time, forty boys and sixty girls and infants
attend. The master has £15 per annum paid him, for which fifteen
children are educated free; the children of cottagers pay one penny
per week, and an additional charge is made for farmers’ children.
The Manor House, a handsome residence embosomed in foliage, was
unoccupied when our agent visited Woore. The Primitive Methodists
have a small chapel here. Fairs are held on the last Thursday in
April and November.
Post Office.—At John Hitchen’s. Letters arrive from Market Drayton
at 9 A.M., and are despatched at 4.30 P.M.
Baddiley Gregory, grocer
Bradbury William P., farmer and victualler, Swan Hotel
Brooke George, farmer
Buckley Thomas, grocer
Burslem Thomas, tailor
Collier George, cabinet and chair maker
Clough Richard, farmer
Clough Wm., schoolmaster
Dunkley Rev. John, curate
Goodall William, farmer, Woore Hall
Hayward Mr. John
Hawksworth, Rev. John, M.A. The Parsonage
Hitchens John, Post Office
Hough David, farmer
Hulse Mr., farmer
Jackson George, blacksmith
Latham Mr. Thomas
Lander George, butcher
Lewis Abraham, tallow chandler
Lewis John, shoemaker
Lindop John, victualler, The Falcon Inn
Minor Henry Robert, farmer
Morrey Richard, cooper and victualler, Coopers’ Arms
Morrey Thomas, shopkeeper
Mullington Mary, school-mistress
Nickson William, saddler
Rowley William, tailor
Salt John, surgeon
Taylor James, farmer
Vickers Richard, farmer
Watmough Charles, surgeon
Wayte Henry, shopkeeper

NORTON IN HALES,

a parish and village situated three and a half miles N.E. by N. from
Market Drayton, at the census of 1841 contained 64 houses and 312
inhabitants. In 1801 there was a population of 269 souls, and in
1831, 311. The parish contains 1,845 acres, the gross estimated
rental of which is £2,732, 16s. 8d. Rateable value, £2,475 1s. 8d.
The tithes are commuted for £305. P. Sillitoe, Esq., is the principal
land owner, the other chief owners are William Church Norcop, Esq.,
Mrs. Heath, and Rev. Hugh Ker Cokburne, the latter of whom is lord
of the manor. At the Domesday survey Nortone in Odenet hundred
was Held by one Helgot. The Church is an ancient structure
dedicated to St. Chad, consisting of nave and chancel, with a
handsome square tower at the west end, embattled and ornamented
with pinnacles; the chancel is of much older date than the rest of
the church. There is a magnificent monument of Derbyshire
alabaster, with full length figures, of Sir Rowland Cotton and his lady,
in a recumbent posture; it is dated 1686; the Cottons had a seat at
Etwall in Derbyshire, and Bellaport in this county. Over the tomb is
an ancient helmet. There is also a neat tablet in memory of the
Cotton family in the chancel. The church will accommodate about
100 hearers, and there is a gallery at the west end which holds
about fifty children. The old antique font of rude construction is now
disused and stands under the tower; a small new font has recently
been added and placed in the chancel. The pews belonging to the
rector and the lord of the manor are handsomely carved. The
curfew bell tolls at eight o’clock from Michaelmas-day to Lady-day, a
practice still continued in many of the rural villages of this county.
The living is a rectory valued in the king’s book at £5. 9s. 4d., now
returned at £330, in the patronage of W. Silver, Esq., and
incumbency of the Rev. Frederick Silver, M.A., who resides at the
Rectory, a good stuccoed house pleasantly situated near the north-
east side of the churchyard. There are eleven acres of glebe land.
The Primitive Methodists have a small chapel in the village. Bellaport
House, the occasional residence of the lord of the manor, the Rev.
Hugh Ker Cokburne, is delightfully situated on high grounds, and
commands views of great extent and beauty. Brand Hall, a good
brick mansion, the property of P. Sillitoe, Esq., was unoccupied when
our agent visited Norton.
Charities.—The National School is a small structure, where about fifty
children are educated. In 1751 Margaret Higginson left £50 towards
founding a school at Norton; Sir Rowland Cotton gave a house of
two bays and a barn for the use of the schoolmaster, and Ralph
Pilsbury left £6 towards teaching one child. It is supposed that the
money given by Mrs. Higginson was laid out in the purchase of land,
though no deeds can be found relating thereto. The property
belonging the school consists of the school, with a yard and garden,
containing 1r. 9p., and an allotment of 21p. added at the inclosure.
The schoolhouse with a garden containing 19p., and two closes
containing 5a. 0r. 20p., producing together a yearly rental of £12.
There is also a yearly sum of 4s. 9d. paid by the churchwardens as
the interest of £6 left by Ralph Pilsbury, the principal having been
applied to the use of the church previously to the year 1746, from
which period this payment has been made. In respect of this
income the master instructs seven children.
William Shore, in 1675, gave a rent charge of 26s. 8d. per annum,
issuing out of a meadow in Dorrington, for the use of the poor, and
afterwards in consideration of a sum of £40 conveyed the said land
in trust, that all the rents and profits should be disposed of for the
benefit of the poor. The said £40 having been given by various
donors for the good of the poor of this parish.
Several sums of money given by the Cotton family about the year
1694, amounting in the whole to £80, were laid out in the purchase
of land and premises at Wem; the property consists of a house and
about six acres of land, which are let for about £15. 12s. per
annum. The income derived from the above estates forms one fund,
which is distributed among poor parishioners on Good Friday and
Christmas-day.
Richard Grosvenor left 20s. per annum to the poor. In the
churchwarden’s accounts about the year 1756, there is an entry of
£30 paid by Robert Davison for the purpose of exonerating the
estate which then belonged to him from the rent charge, and the
amount is carried to the general account of the church rate. No
payment has been made in respect of this charity from the church
rate, but we conceive that interest on the purchase money ought to
be paid from this account, for the benefit of the poor.
Beech William, tailor, Norton Forge
Benton Thomas, farmer, Norton Wood
Blackhurst James, blacksmith and grocer
Bloore Thomas, wheelwright
Brookshaw George, blacksmith
Butters Snow, tailor
Churton Thomas, shoemaker, Forge
Clorley Thomas, parish clerk
Cokburne Rev. Hugh Ker, Bellaport House
Duckers Thomas, vict., The Crescent and Anchor
Eardly Richard, farmer, Bellaport Lodge
Eley William, butcher
Fox Henry, bailiff to Rev. H. K. Cokburne
Green Thomas, wheelwright, Norton Forge
Jones George, farmer
Jones Richard, farmer
Keay John, farmer and shoemaker
Leighton Daniel, farmer and maltster
Mate William, farmer, Norton Wood
Matthews John, farmer, Brand Common
Minshall William, shoemaker
Morris Richard, wheelwright and beerhouse
Randles William, grocer
Ratcliff Thomas, gardener, The Hall
Rowe Isaac, painter and glazier
Silver Rev. Frederick, M.A., The Rectory
Simcock Joseph, tailor
Snow Sarah, farmer
Spragg Samuel, gamekeeper
Walley Elizabeth, farmer
Wickstead John, master of National School

PREES

is an extensive parish and considerable village, situated on a gentle

acclivity, four miles north-east from Wem, and fourteen miles north-
east from Shrewsbury. The parish contains the townships of
Calverhall or Corra, Darliston, Fauls, Mickley, Millen Heath, Prees,
Sandford, Steele, Willaston, and the chapelry of Whixall, which
together contain 14,160 acres of land, of which 2,657a. 1r. 10p. are
in mosses, woods, covers, and heath land. In 1801 the parish had a
population of 2,653 souls; 1831, 3,355; and in 1841 there were 638
inhabited houses 24 uninhabited, and 3,270 inhabitants. Rateable
value, £17,466. 2s. 8d. The rectoral tithes are commuted for
£1,041. 1s., and the vicarial tithes for £636. Some part of the land
is mossy, others of a peaty nature, and in some instances gravelly;
there is also a portion of clay soils, of a reddish colour. The
township of Prees contains 3,854a. 3r. 11p. of land, and is
intersected by the Ellesmere, Whitchurch, Newport, Shrewsbury, and
Market Drayton turnpike roads. Rateable value, £5,474, 8s. 8d. In
1841 here were 302 houses and 1,473 inhabitants. The land has a
bold undulating surface, and commands interesting views of the
surrounding country. Prees is celebrated as the birth place of the
Salopian hero General Lord Hill, and has acquired importance from
its contiguity to Hawkston, the magnificent seat of Viscount Hill. In
the 43rd of Henry III. the Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield had a
grant of a market here on a Tuesday, and of a fair on the eve, the
day, and the morrow of St. Chad the Bishop, with the liberty of free
warren. In the 35th of Edward I. the market was changed to
Wednesday, but the markets were never of much consideration, and
subsequently were discontinued. Two fairs are, however, still held,
on the second Monday in April and the second Monday in October,
for the sale of sheep and cattle, which are well attended by the
farmers and graziers of the surrounding country. Viscount Hill is lord
of the manor, and the principal landowner. Sir R. C. Hill, Bart.;
George Harper, Esq.; John Dickin, Esq.; and a few others are also
proprietors.
General Lord Hill, whose brilliant military services have acquired such
general renown, was born at Prees, August 11, 1772. His lordship
entered the army in the sixteenth year of his age, and commenced
his military duty at Edinburgh. His friends being anxious for his early
promotion, obtained permission for him to raise an independent
company, which gave him the rank of captain in the army, in the
year 1792. In the interval of his being attached to any particular
corps, he accompanied Frances Drake, Esq., on a diplomatic mission
to Genoa, from whence Captain Hill proceeded to Toulon, and was
employed as aide-de-camp to Lord Mulgrave, General O’Hara, and
Sir David Dundas, successive generals there. He was deputed by Sir
David Dundas to be the bearer of the despatches to England relating
to the evacuation of Toulon by the British. He was shortly after
promoted to a lieutenant-colonelcy in the 90th regiment, and went
through a great deal of arduous duty at Gibraltar, and had his full
share in the memorable Egyptian campaign. In the action of the
13th of March Colonel Hill commanded the advanced guard, and
received a wound in the right temple from a musket ball, the force
of which was providentially averted by a strong brass binding in front
of his helmet; the blow, however, was severe, and he was removed
from the field of battle in a state of insensibility. After the return of
the troops from Egypt, the 90th was ordered to proceed to Ireland,
where Lord Hill continued to perform his regimental duty till he was
appointed brigadier-general. Early in the summer of 1808 he joined
the army in England, destined to act in the Peninsula. In the battles
of Roleia and Vimiera he was fully employed, and gained the thanks
and approbation of his comrades; and during the whole of Sir John
Moore’s advance and retreat Lord Hill continued indefatigible in his
exertions. His humanity and attention to the troops on their landing
at Plymouth earned him the admiration of the inhabitants, and he
was voted the freedom of the borough. About this time he became
possessed of the seat and estate of Hardwick Grange, left him by his
uncle, Sir Richard Hill, Bart. At the battle of Talavera Lord Hill was
slightly wounded on the head, but his firmness and courage in
repelling the successive attacks of the French, greatly contributed to
the success of the day. The generalship and activity of Lord Hill in
surprising and capturing a French corps under General Girard, in
Spanish Estremadura, is deserving of commemoration. The force
that Girard had with him consisted of 2,500 infantry and 600 cavalry,
the whole of which were totally dispersed or captured. Among the
latter were General Brune, the Prince d’Aremberg, several colonels,
thirty captains and subalterns, and upwards of 1,000 soldiers, with
the whole of their baggage, artillery, and commissariat. The
enemy’s loss in killed was very severe, whilst from the activity and
skilful manœuvres of Lord Hill, it was very trifling on the side of the
British. Lieutenant-general Hill, during his detached command in
Spain, was principally opposed to Soult, perhaps the most able
general whom Napoleon employed in that country; and the
acuteness of General Hill in foreseeing the intentions of that officer
very materially contributed to the happy results of the action at
Buzaco. In the memorable battle of Vittoria the centre of the allied
army was commanded by the Duke of Wellington, and the right by
Lord Hill. Here the enemy were completely routed, and the booty
which was captured was immense. Besides the baggage horses,
and other articles taken on the field, the value of the specie, plate,
and jewels, was estimated at six millions of dollars. Of this sum only
100,000 dollars came to the military chest; the rest was divided by
the troops on the spot. When Lord Hill occupied the valley of Bastan
with an army of 3,000 men, he was attacked by a force of 14,000
men; but notwithstanding the superiority of the numbers, the enemy
acquired but little advantage over these brave troops, during the
seven hours they were engaged. At the conclusion of another
brilliant achievement shortly after, the noble Wellington rode up to
Lord Hill, and in the spirit of a great and candid mind said, “Hill, this
is all your own.” The various other engagements in which Lord Hill
took a prominent position, our limits will not allow us to notice. On
his return to his native country, every token of honour was
manifested by his grateful countrymen, and on his first visit to
Shrewsbury thousands went out to meet him, and his lordship was
presented with the freedom of the borough in a gold box. But the
most splendid and durable token of gratitude and esteem is the
column erected in Shrewsbury to his honour, which is the largest
Doric column in the world. On the unexpected return of Napoleon
from Elba, the allied sovereigns immediately flew to arms, on which
occasion Lord Hill again obeyed the voice of his sovereign, and in the
memorable battle of Waterloo, on the 18th June, 1815, his lordship
gave fresh proofs of his skill, bravery, and intrepidity. In this conflict
Lord Hill’s favourite charger was shot under him; and whilst he was
on foot, completely exposed to the enemy, he was discovered by an
officer of Lord Wellington’s staff, who procured him the horse of a
French dragoon. For a full hour the officers of his lordship’s staff
were in a state of the greatest consternation, and twice met under
the apprehension that their beloved general had fallen. On the Duke
of Wellington accepting office as prime minister, in 1828, Lord Hill
was appointed commander-in-chief. The following are the titles and
dignities which he bore:—Knight of the Grand Cross of the Order of
the Bath, Knight of the Portuguese Order of the Tower and Sword,
Knight of the Grand Cross of the Guelphic Order, Knight of the Order
of Maria Theresa, Knight of the Russian Order of St. George, Knight
of the Belgian Order of Wilhelm, Baron Hill of Almarez, Hawkstone,
and Hardwick Grange.
The Church, a venerable fabric of red sandstone in the Norman style
of architecture, consists of nave, chancel, and side aisles, and a
square tower, in which are six musical bells. The body of the church
is of much older date than the tower, which is of modern
construction. The church is entered by a fine old porch; the interior
has a solemn and imposing appearance; and the chancel contains
several beautifully designed monuments of exquisite workmanship:
that to the memory of Sir John Hill, with figures in basso relievo, is a
most admirable specimen of modern sculpture. Major-general
Clement Hill is remembered on a neat tablet erected by his friends
and comrades in the Madras presidency, and by the officers of the
Royal Horse Guards, in testimony of their love for his person and
esteem for his character. He was born at Prees, on December 6th,
1781, and died at the Falls of Guersoppa, and was buried at
Hanowar, 22nd January, 1845. There are various other memorials,
and over the charity box is a curiously-carved figure of the Saviour.
The churchyard is elevated, and commands a fine view of
Hawkstone hills and the distant country. There are several fine old
yew trees of considerable girth. The living is a vicarage, valued in
the king’s book at £10; now returned at £507; in the patronage of
the Bishop of Lichfield, and incumbency of the Venerable
Archdeacon John Allen, M.A. The rectoral tithes of this township are
commuted for £329. 15s. 9d., and the vicarial for £83. 2s. 7d. The
vicarage, a good residence, has been rebuilt on the site of a former
edifice, by the present incumbent; the gardens and pleasure
grounds are tastefully laid out.
The Independents have a small chapel in Prees, with a burial ground
attached; the Rev. Samuel Minshall is the minister. The Primitive
Methodists also have a small chapel here. There is a National School
and an Infant School, which are numerously attended. Prees Hall,
the property and residence of Sir Robert Chambre Hill, Bart., J.P., is a
commodious, pleasantly-situated, and well built mansion of brick.
Charities.—The Right Hon. Richard Hill, by will, October 17, 1726,
bequeathed £300 for the poor of the parishes of Hodnet, Prees, and
Wem, to be applied for the benefit of such poor as the minister and
churchwardens of each parish should think fit. With respect to the
legacy left to the poor of this parish, it appears to have been laid out
in the purchase of land, which now produces a yearly sum of £10.
10s. Sir Rowland Hill, in 1769, bequeathed to the poor of the
parishes of Hodnet and Prees the sum of £200. Sir Richard Hill, by
will, 1808, bequeathed £30 to his brother, John Hill, in trust, to pay
the interest to the poor of the parish of Hodnet, Prees, and Wem, in
such proportions as his said brother should think fit. Several sums
of money, left by various donors, amounting in the whole to £140, in
the year 1812 was placed in the hands of Sir John Hill, who gave a
promissory note for the same; and the interest is distributed
amongst the poor. Arthur Harper, by will, 1787, directed his trustees
to pay the interest of £40 to the minister, churchwardens, and
overseers of the parish of Prees, to be distributed among poor
housekeepers of the township of Darliston. The yearly sum of £5.
4s. is paid as a rent charge issuing out of a field in Williston, called
the White Bread Field. It does not appear from whose benefaction
this arises. The amount is expended in bread and given among the
deserving who attend divine service. Elizabeth Barbour devised
certain lands, and directed the proceeds to be expended in bread
and given amongst the poorest parishioners every Sunday. The
property thus devised consists of 9a. 0r. 35p., with a small cottage,
which was built by the vicar on the site of an old house destroyed by
lightning. It is let for £12 a year, which is applied in carrying out the
donor’s intentions.
Post Office at Mr. William Langford’s.—Letters arrive from Whitchurch
at 9.10 A.M. and are despatched at 5.0 P.M.
Aldersea George Ora, farmer
Allen The Rev. Archdeacon, The Vicarage
Arthur Thomas Norway, Esq.
Bather Richard, farmer
Bather Stephen, Prees Corn Mills
Bather William, farmer
Barber Emma Mary Burd, dressmaker
Bayley Mary, school teacher
Bennett Arthur, tailor
Bootroyd John, decorative painter
Boote Thomas, farmer, Heath Bank
Blantorn Miss Mary
Boyd Allen, sergeant major
Chester William, shoemaker
Churton Joseph, watch and clock maker
Clay John, blacksmith
Colley Thomas, saddler
Croxon Richard, tailor
Darlington Abraham Edward, Esq.
Davies Charles, baker and confectioner
Dickin Elizabeth, vict., The Well House
Dickin Mrs. Elizabeth
Dickin John, gentleman, Platt House
Dickin John, Prees Wood Farm
Dickin John, cattle salesman
Dickin William Francis, Esq., The Hill
Dovey Richard, police officer
Drury John, corn machine maker
Drury Thomas, vict., The College Inn
Drury William, maltster
Dutton Joseph, farmer, Ferney Leys
Ebrey Robert, butcher
Eccleston William, carrier
Edwards Edward, house steward
Foulkes Richard, joiner and carpenter
Gregory Mr. John Paul
Handley John, carrier
Hares Robert, draper and druggist
Hares Samuel, gentleman
Hares Samuel, grocer and tea dealer
Hill Sir Robert Chambre, Bart., J.P., The Hall
Holding John, draper and grocer
Holding Mrs. Mary, Cruck Moor
Holding William, maltster
Hopwood Samuel, farmer
Ikin William, maltster, draper, and registrar
Jenkins Samuel, tailor and draper
Johnson Mr. William, The Fields
Kay Richard, basket maker
Longford Richard, postmaster
Lee Luke, schoolmaster
Maddocks Thomas, tailor
Minshall Rev. Samuel, Independent minister
Moore Thomas, blacksmith and farrier
Morray Thomas, shoemaker
Muller Mr. Charles, professor of music
Mumford Charles, gentleman
Paling John, butcher
Powell Joseph, farmer, Yew Tree
Powell Joseph, grocer and shopkeeper
Powell John, shoemaker, The Wood
Powell Mr. Thomas, The Villa
Powell Thomas, Manor House Farm
Powell William, bricklayer
Ray Thomas, vict., The Lion and Commercial Inn and posting house
Reaves John, shoemaker
Rightson Captain W.
Ruscoe John, Heath Gate Farm
Sandford Rev. H. R. P., curate
Shirley Captain John
Skitt Thomas, Lee Hall Farm
Spencer James, wheelwright
Stubbs Thomas, baker and confectioner
Whatmouth Miss Ann
Whitfield Mrs. Ann
Whitfield Miss Mary
Whitfield Mrs. Mary
Wilkinson Andrew, farmer, Prees
Wood Wilkinson Thomas, gentleman
Worrall Thomas, machineman & wheelwright
Vaughan Samuel, beerhouse
Academies.

Boarding School, The Hill Rev. Samuel Minshall, proprietor

National School, Luke Lee, boys; Mary Bayley, girls
Bakers & Flour Dealers.

Davies Charles, & confec.

Stubbs Thomas, & confec.
Basket & Bendware Maker.

Kay Richard
Blacksmiths.

Clay John
Moore Thomas, and farrier
Boot & Shoemakers.

Chester William
Morray Thos., & leather cutter
Powell John
Reeves John
Butchers.

Dickin John
Ebsey Robert
Paling John
Coopers.

Drury George
Drury William
Farmers.

Aldersea George Ora

Bather Richard, Lighteach Farm
Bather William
Boote Thomas
Dickin John, Prees Wood Farm
Drury Thos. College Farm
Drury William, and cooper
Dutton Joseph, Ferney Leys
Ebrey Robert
Holding Mrs. Mary, Cruck Moor
Hopwood Samuel
Johnson William
Powell Joseph
Powell Thomas
Ray Thomas
Skitt Thomas
Wilkinson Andrew
Wilkinson Thomas, The College Farm
Grocers & Tea Dealers.

Hares Messrs. Robert and Samuel

Holding John, hop & seed merchant
Ikin William
Powell Joseph
Hairdresser.

Boothroyd John
Hotels & Inns.

Dickin Elizabeth, The Well House

Ray Thomas, The Lion and Commercial Inn
Drury Thos., The College Inn
Beerhouses.

Churton Joseph
Vaughan Samuel
Steam and Horse Thrashing Machines to Let for Hire.

Drury Thomas
Carriers.
To Shrewsbury, William Eccleston & John Handley, on Saturdays.

CALVERHALL, OR CORRA,

is a chapelry and scattered village three miles north-west from

Prees, which in 1841 contained 33 houses and 151 inhabitants. The
township contains 1,287a. 0r. 22p. of land, mostly an undulating
district. The principal landowners are John Whitehall Dod, Esq.,
M.P.; Viscount Hill; Lord Kilmorey; Mrs. Dale; and Thomas Hugh
Sandford, Esq. Viscount Hill is lord of the manor and impropriator of
the rectoral tithes, which are commuted for £86. 18s. 9d. The
vicarial tithes are commuted for £26. 7s. The Chapel is a modern
erection of beautiful workmanship, executed in freestone. The
interior has a chaste and imposing appearance; the roof is of
groined timber, and the seats are of oak; the windows are decorated
with stained glass, and the altar-piece is of freestone of elaborate
workmanship. A neat marble tablet remembers Elizabeth, the wife
of the Rev. Edward Mainwaring, the present incumbent; another very
beautifully designed, has been erected to the memory of Elizabeth,
the wife of John W. Dod, Esq., M.P.; there is also a neat tablet to
John Dod, Esq. The living is perpetual curacy, in the patronage of
John W. Dod, Esq., and enjoyed by the Rev. Edward Mainwaring,
who resides at the Parsonage, a modern brick residence, pleasantly
situated and embosomed in foliage; it is beautified with pleasure
grounds and shrubberies. The Almshouses consist of eight tenements,
and were founded and endowed by Catherine Kerr, in 1724; the
inmates are widows or aged people, who have about £4. 10s. per
annum.
The Hall, the residence and property of John W. Dod, Esq., M.P., is a
commodious brick mansion, stuccoed, with a front of hewn
freestone, and a noble portico supported by six fluted pillars. It
stands on a gentle eminence, and the views it commands are
beautifully varied, picturesque, and extensive. The park grounds are
richly clothed with timber, and the pleasure grounds and shrubberies
are laid out with great taste. There are no remains of the ancient
hall; it was surrounded by a moat, which still is filled with water, a
neat bridge connecting the site on which it stood with the gardens.
There is a school in the village, endowed with £20 per annum, free
for all cottagers’ children. The teacher also receives £6 annually
from subscriptions. Jack of Corra is a well-known liquor vessel,
composed of leather, which has received the patronage of successive
generations in this locality, and is interesting as a relic of the
hospitality of by-gone days. It is stated that a person of the name
of Corra or Kerr charged lands with the payment of £10 annually,
and directed that any wayfaring traveller should call and refresh
himself with the Jack filled with good malt liquor, on the payment of
one penny. The bottom and the top of the vessel are encircled with
a broad rim of silver, upon which is engraved, “From time
immemorial: Jack of Corra is my name, don’t abuse me then for
shame.” This chapelry comprises Corra, with Willaston and Millen
Heath.
Post Office.—At Mr. James Jenkins’. Letters arrive by foot post from
Whitchurch, at 9.30 A.M., and are despatched at 4 P.M.
Dod John Whitehall, Esq., M.P., The Hall
Dod John Whitehall, Esq., jun.
Mainwaring Rev. Edward, M.A., The Parsonage
Beeteley George, farmer
Beeteley John, farmer & vict. Jack of Corra
Court William, postman
Growcott Francis, farmer
Growcott Francis, jun., farmer
Jenkins James, schoolmaster
Newell James, gentleman
Newnes John, farmer
Mac Cload John, gardener
Morris Charles, blacksmith
Overton William, farmer
Owens Owen, farmer
Perry Robert, butcher
Reeves Josiah, farmer
Snipes Robert, coachman

DARLISTON

is a township and well-built village, five miles and a quarter N.E.

from Wem, which in 1841 had 53 houses and 278 inhabitants. The
township contains 714a. 3r. 23p. of land, the soil of which is a
mixture of sand and loam. There are several extensive farms here,
with commodious out-buildings. Viscount Hill is lord of the manor,
and owner of the whole township. The rectoral tithes are commuted
for £85. 15s. 3d., and the vicarial for £19. 15s. The township is
intersected by the London and Chester and the Whitchurch and
Drayton turnpike roads. There is a school at Lower Heath, in this
township, supported by Viscount and Lady Hill. About 200 children
attend for instruction, and are also partly clothed. The teacher has a
fixed salary, and resides in a good residence adjoining the school.
There is a noted coursing meeting held annually at the White Lion
Inn.
Adams Abraham, tailor
Adams Thomas, farmer
Adams William, farmer
Dickin Joseph, farmer, and dispenser of medicine
Dickin William, farmer and butcher
Dickin John, butcher
Goffin Robert, schoolmaster
Hartley Timothy, gentleman
Machon William, blacksmith, and collector of tolls
Morris George, farmer
Powell John, shopkeeper and wheelwright
Ruscoe John, farmer, Heath-gate
Shingler Thomas, tailor
Sutton John, shoemaker
Titley Jacob, wheelwright
Watkins John, victualler, White Lion

FAULS,

a township with a scattered population, contains 886a. 0r. 34p. of

land, and at the census of 1841 had 22 houses and 102 inhabitants.
The soil is mostly a strong clay. Viscount Hill is lord of the manor,
impropriator, and principal landowner. Mr. Thomas Ruscoe is also a
proprietor. The rectoral tithes are commuted for £116. 15s., and the
vicarial tithes payable to the incumbent of Prees for £25. 1s. 3d.
The turnpike road to Drayton crosses this township.
Directory.—Richard Benbow, farmer; Abraham Ford, farmer,
Northwood; Wm. Hares, farmer, Fauls Green; Thomas Hatton,
farmer and collector of revenue taxes; William Hudson, farmer,
Northwood; George Oakley, gamekeeper, The Green; Elizabeth
Powell, farmer; Thomas Ruscoe, farmer and victualler, The Talbot;
George Williams, brick and tile agent; Thomas Williams, brick and
tile agent.

MICKLEY,

a small township in the parish of Prees, in 1841 had four houses and
a population of 36 souls. The township contains 575a. 2r. 36p. of
land, chiefly the property of Viscount Hill. Rateable value, £744. 7s.
The tithes were commuted in 1841, when £72. 9s. were apportioned
to Viscount Hill, and £16. 0s. 4d. to the Vicar of Prees. The farmers
are Martha Churton, Richard Edgerley, George Robinson, and
Thomas Ash Wilkinson.

MILLEN HEATH,

a township with only one house and ten residents, contains 359a. 3r.
17p. of land, which is the property of Lord Kilmorey. Rateable value,
£268. 10s. The tithes have been commuted, and £33. 3s. 2d.
apportioned to Viscount Hill, and £9. 6s. 3d. to the Vicar of Prees.
Mr. Thomas Hares is the resident farmer.

SANDFORD,

a township with a scattered population, five miles and a half N.E.

from Wem, contains 1,213a. 3r. 21p. of land. The soil is a mixture of
sand and loam, with a portion of clay. The land is chiefly used for
grazing purposes; and there is a considerable extent covered with
woods and plantations. The tithes were commuted in 1841, when
£151. 13s. 1d. was apportioned to Viscount Hill, and £36. 5s. to the
Vicar of Prees. At the census of 1841 there were nine houses and
76 inhabitants. The rateable value of this township, with that of
Darliston and Fauls, is £4,354. 3s. Thomas Hugh Sandford, Esq., is
the principal landowner. Mr. Thomas Ebrey is also a proprietor.
Directory.—Sarah Bather, farmer; John Fox, farmer; Robert
Garmstone, wheelwright and victualler, The Mill House; Ann Hales,
farmer; Mary Humphreys, farmer; William Rogers, blacksmith;
Thomas Steventon, farmer and corn miller; Joseph Woolrich, farmer,
Morton Wood; Stephen Worthen, farmer.

STEELE,

a township in the parish of Prees, at the census of 1841 had 12

houses and a population of 65 souls. The township contains 436a.
3r. 36p. of land. Viscount Hill is the impropriator and the principal
landowner. The rectoral tithes are commuted for £54. 12s. 6d., and
the vicarial for £13. 14s. 6d. The principal residents in Steele are
John Bradshaw, shopkeeper, The Heath; John Heatley, glazier; Ann
Hodgskin, farmer; Thomas Hodgskin, farmer; Daniel Holding, tailor;
Richard Holding, farmer; Joseph Hussey, farmer.

WHIXALL

is a township, chapelry, and populous village, in the parish of Prees,

four miles N. from Wem, which at the census in 1841 contained 211
houses and 978 inhabitants. The township comprises 3,361a. 1r.
32p. of land. Interspersed with gentle undulations, there is some
good meadow and pasture land, which produces a fine herbage, and
cheese is made to a considerable extent. The houses are chiefly
cottage residences, with a small portion of land to each, and the
residents are in many instances freeholders. The houses are built of
brick, and slated, and have a comfortable appearance. The
inhabitants are chiefly employed in cutting the moss, which they dry,
and then take it to distant parts of the country for sale. The moss,
usually called Whixall Moss, covers a surface of upwards of 5,000
acres, and extends into the several townships of Northwood,
Whixall, Bettisfield, and Fenswood. It is cut to a depth of from
sixteen to thirty feet, and in some instances to a greater depth. The
moss is mostly submerged in water. A company of gentlemen have
recently taken a lease for a term of years of a considerable tract of
the moss, and are about to erect works for converting this hitherto
comparatively useless commodity into articles of appliance for useful
purposes. It is said to be superior to the Irish moss for some
particular uses. Sir John Hanmer is the owner of about two-thirds of
the moss; the other principal landowners are Lord Kenyon, W. P.
Poole, Esq., James Foster, Esq., John C. Coham, Esq., John Bowen,
Esq., Mr. George Hutchinson, Mr. John Phillips, Mr. John Keay, William
F. Dickin, Esq., Mr. William Furber, Rev. John Evans, Mrs. Weaver, Mr.
William Cartwright, Mr. Thomas Clay, John Taylor, Esq., Robert
Salmon, Esq., Mr. Thomas Jones, Mrs. Hazledine, Mr. Thomas Salt, A.
Duff, Esq., Mr. Benjamin Sandbrook, Mr. Jarvis, Rev. R. Young, Mrs.
Cooper, Joshua Lee, Esq., Mr. James Rodenhurst, Mr. Thomas Sadler,
Mr. William Whitfield, Mr. John Whitfield; besides whom there are
many smaller proprietors.
The Church is a plain unpresuming edifice of brick, erected in the
form of a cross, and has the date of 1640 upon it. It was enlarged
and beautified in 1826, when 155 free sittings were added. The
living is a perpetual curacy, valued at £107, subordinate to the
vicarage of Prees, and enjoyed by the Rev. John Evans, M.A., whose
income arises from certain lands, £5 yearly from the Lord of the
Manor, and £4 per annum from the Vicar of Prees. The Parsonage is a
pleasantly situated residence near the church. The National School, a
commodious structure, with a residence for the teacher, was built
during the years 1848 and 1849. The cost of the structure was
£655. 13s. 6d., of which the Committee of Council on Education
gave £100, and £50 towards the master’s residence; the National
Society £50; the Diocesan Society £40, and £10 for fittings; and the
sum of £405. 18s. 6d. was raised by subscriptions and donations, of
which £276. 18s. 6d. was given by the Incumbent of Whixall. About
100 children attend the school. The Independents have a neat chapel
here, which is numerously attended. The Primitive Methodists have
also a small chapel here. The Llanymynech, Ellesmere, Whitchurch,
and Quina Brook canals intersect the township. Whixall Hall and
Bostock Hall are two ancient residences, now occupied as farm
houses. James Foster, Esq., is lord of the manor, and holds a court
leet and baron. The poor have a yearly sum of 5s., the gift of Mr.
Minshull, which is paid out of land in the parish of Wem.
Brookes Thomas, blacksmith
Butler Richard, shoemaker
Callcott Samuel, farmer
Cureton William, shopkeeper
Dawson Thomas, farmer
Eales James, schoolmaster
Evans Rev. John, M.A., incumbent of Whixall, and domestic chaplain
to Viscount Combermere, The Parsonage
Forrester Arthur, farmer
Furber Widow, farmer
Furber William, Well Farm
Green James, tailor
Green Joseph, shopkeeper
Hales Walter, The Hall Farm
Hall Richard, beerhouse
Hall William, shopkeeper
Heath Elizabeth, farmer
Heath John, joiner and upholsterer
Hinton Henry, farmer
Hinton John, farmer and butcher
Hughes George, blacksmith
Hunley John, farmer
Jarvis Widow, farmer
Jarvis William, farmer and beerhouse
Jones Richard, Bostock Hall Farm
Jones Samuel, farmer
Jones William, farmer
Keay John, vict., Chapel House, cattle dealer and farmer
Newbrook Richard, shopkeeper & shoemaker
Newbrook Samuel, farmer
Newbrook Thomas, farmer
Newbrook Thomas, shopkeeper
Newbrook William, wheelwright
Parsons William, farmer
Pitt William, shopkeeper and farmer
Poole William Price, maltster and farmer
Powell Samuel, farmer
Powell Thomas, shopkeeper, Waterloo
Powell Thomas, farmer
Powell Widow, shopkeeper
Powell William, farmer
Preston Ellis, farmer
Reeves William, blacksmith
Roberts John, brick and tile manufacturer
Rodenherst Mr. James
Shaw Edward, shoemaker
Shingler Thomas, farmer and corn miller
Sparkes John, farmer
Vardy James, Esq.
Vardy and Co., The Betisfield Moss Works
Walters Sarah, Manor House Farm
Weever William, tailor
Whitfield Frederick, farmer
Williams Henry, farmer
Williams William, farmer
Woolham Thomas, jailor
William Price Poole, coal, lime, slate, and brick dealer, Whixall Wharf

WILLASTON,

a small township in the parish of Prees, contains 767 acres of land,

and in 1841 had 18 houses and 101 inhabitants. The soil in some
parts is clayey, and in other places it is a mixture of sand and loam.
Viscount Hill and John Whitehall Dod, Esq., are the landowners, the
former is also the impropriator, and receives the large tithes, which
are commuted for £109. 18s. 6d. The vicarial tithes are commuted
for £21. 8s. 4d.
The principal residents are John Hussey, farmer, Cloverley; Robert
Wilkinson, farmer, The Lawn; James Simons, farmer, and James
Simon, jun., farmer.

SHAWBURY
is an extensive parish comprehending the townships of Acton
Reynold, Besford, Edgebolton, Muckleton, Shawbury, Wytheford
Magna, and Wytheford Parva, which together have an area of 7,222
acres of land, of which 600 acres are in woods and plantations.
Rateable value, £8,486. 1s. Rent charge, £838. This parish,
although chiefly in the North Bradford hundred, extends into the
Shrewsbury liberty, and the hundred of Pimhill. In 1801 the parish
had a population of 948 souls; 1831, 915, and in 1841 there were
212 inhabited houses and 1062 inhabitants. The soil, to a
considerable extent, is a mixture of loam and sand, in other places a
strong soil mixed with gravel prevails. The land has generally an
undulating surface, and on the northern verge there are
considerable eminences, in which is found a red grit stone.
Shawbury is a delightfully situated village, containing some good
residences on the Shrewsbury, Market Drayton, Wem, and
Whitchurch turnpike roads, six miles S.S. by E. from Wem, and
seven miles N.E. by N. from Shrewsbury. In the centre of the village
there is a commodious hotel and family boarding house occupied by
Mr. Welling, which is much frequented during the summer months by
respectable families. The township contains 1,605a. 0r. 37p. of land,
and in 1841 there were 55 houses and 279 inhabitants. Rateable
value, £1,854. 16s. Sir Andrew Vincent Corbet, Bart., is lord of the
manor and principal land owner; Rev. W. S. Marvin and Mr. Samuel
Winnall are also owners.
The Church, dedicated to St. Mary, is an ancient structure exhibiting
some beautiful workmanship, and consists of nave, chancel, and side
aisles, with a lofty square tower ornamented with twelve pinnacles;
the tower contains six bells, has a clock and sun dial; in the chancel
are two windows beautifully ornamented with stained glass; the altar
piece and reading desk are of oak, elaborately carved, and there is
an ancient font. There is a beautiful tablet of marble in memory of
Philip Charlton, who died in 1845, and another commemorative of
John Minor, Esq., and his wife, with the date of 1836. The living is a
vicarage valued in the king’s book at £7. 1s. 5½d. in the patronage
of Sir Andrew Vincent Corbet, Bart., and incumbency of the Rev.
William S. Marvin, M.A.; curate, Rev. William Howell, M.A.; clerk,
William Wright. The vicarial tithes are commuted for £397. 12s. and
of the rectorial £247. 18s. was apportioned to Sir Andrew V. Corbet,
Bart., £181. 10s. to Mr. Charlton, and £11 to Captain Horner. The
vicarage is a pleasantly situated residence a little north from the
church. There is a free school in the village which has an
attendance of about thirty children. Shawbury heath contains 270a.
2r. 7p. of land, and Shawbury woods contain an area of 159a. 2r.
32p. Charlton Grange is situated in this township, and contains
433a. 3r. 27p.
Charities.—Elizabeth Corbet, by will, October 29th, 1702, bequeathed
the sum of £200, and directed the amount to be laid out in land, and
the yearly proceeds to be applied in feeding or clothing the poor, or
in apprentice fees, as the vicar for the time being and her heirs
should think fit. The amount was laid out as directed by the donor,
and now produces a yearly rental of £45 which is divided into three
equal parts, one portion applied in clothing the children of the
national school, another in apprentice fees, and the remainder in a
weekly distribution of bread.
Robert Wood gave £20, the interest to be distributed among the
poor on St. Thomas’s day. Andrew Peplow gave £16 towards
clothing the poor. Richard Wood £40, and Andrew Syth £10, for the
benefit of the poor. Ralph Collins gave £80 towards the maintenance
of a schoolmaster in Shawbury, and if there should be no
schoolmaster then to the poor of the parish during each vacancy.
Dame Rachael Corbet left £10, Sarah Venables £20, and an unknown
donor £17 for the benefit of the poor. These several sums
amounting to £213, are in the hands of Sir Andrew V. Corbet, bart.,
secured by two bonds. Of the interest amounting to £9. 6s. 6d., at
four per cent, 14s. is paid annually in purchasing a coat for one poor
man, £4 in respect of Collins’ charity to a schoolmaster, and the
remainder is distributed on St. Thomas’s day amongst the poor, with
some voluntary donations, in sums varying from 1s. to 3s. 6d.