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Unit 2 - Module 1 - Lesson 4

The document discusses the processes of weathering, erosion, and deposition that change the Earth's surface over time. It explains the two types of weathering: physical and chemical, and how erosion and deposition occur through natural forces like water, wind, and ice. Additionally, it highlights features formed by these processes, such as sand dunes and glacial debris.

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Aya Gamal
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8 views15 pages

Unit 2 - Module 1 - Lesson 4

The document discusses the processes of weathering, erosion, and deposition that change the Earth's surface over time. It explains the two types of weathering: physical and chemical, and how erosion and deposition occur through natural forces like water, wind, and ice. Additionally, it highlights features formed by these processes, such as sand dunes and glacial debris.

Uploaded by

Aya Gamal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 2: The Changing Earth.

Module 1: Dynamic Earth.


Lesson 4 : Changing Earth’s Surface
Weathering

● Weathering: Any natural


process that changes objects
on Earth’s surface over time.
● It has two types: physical and
chemical.
Weathering

1. Physical weathering : break


rocks into small pieces without
changing the composition or
chemical makeup of rocks.

Ex: plants and animals weather


rocks physically.
Weathering

2. Chemical weathering: can be


caused by reactions between rock
and chemicals in air and water.

Ex: acidic water may wash away the


limestone forming a cave.
Erosion and Deposition

● Erosion: moving of
weathered material from
one location to another.
● Deposition:laying down or
setting of eroded material.
● These processes can occur
over time periods ranging
from seconds to millions of
years.
Water Erosion and Deposition

● Streams are active systems


that weather and erode land
and deposit sediment.
● The erosion produced
depends on the stream’s
energy.
Water Erosion and Deposition

● Erosion occurs on the outside


of bends where water flows
faster.
● Deposition occurs on the inside
of bends where water flows
slower.
Wind Erosion and Deposition
● Strong winds also can erode
and deposit weathered
sediment.
● In some places,wind and water
work together to weather and
erode rocks and make them
look so smooth and polished.
Features Formed by Wind Erosion and Deposition
1. Sand Dunes. 2. Loess. 3. Arches.
Wind Erosion and Deposition

Abrasion: is the grinding away of


rock or other surfaces as
weathered particles carried by
wind,water,or ice scrape against
them.
Sediment Transport and Wind

● In deserts,erosion by wind
can be the most important
process that changes
landforms.
● Wind can weather rock,and
it can erode and deposit
sediment.
How Does Ice Change Earth’s Surface?

● Glacier: a large mass of ice


forming on land and moving
slowly across Earth’s
surface.
● Glaciers form on land in
areas where the amount of
snowfall is greater than the
amount of snowmelt.
Erosion by Ice

● Glacial debris: glaciers


carry an unsorted
collection of large,
commonly angular rocks to
fine-grained sediment.
Erosion by Ice

● Rocks and sediments


frozen within the ice
create grooves.
Erosion by Ice

● When glaciers melt, the


water produced by the
melting ice doesn’t flow fast
enough to carry sediment.
● The sediment is deposited
where the ice melts.

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