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Sussion 10 Control Structures Functions

The session covers control structures in programming, focusing on conditional statements (if-else), loops (for, while), and functions. It explains how to declare and invoke functions, pass parameters, and return values. Common mistakes such as not declaring variables and creating infinite loops are also highlighted.

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Jue Jue
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

Sussion 10 Control Structures Functions

The session covers control structures in programming, focusing on conditional statements (if-else), loops (for, while), and functions. It explains how to declare and invoke functions, pass parameters, and return values. Common mistakes such as not declaring variables and creating infinite loops are also highlighted.

Uploaded by

Jue Jue
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Control Structures &

Functions
Web Development Essentials - Session 10
Session Overview
Learning Goals for Today:

● Understand how conditional statements work using if-else


● Learn how to use loops to repeat code
● Introduction to functions: declaring, invoking, and passing parameters
What Are Control Structures?
Definition: Control structures allow developers to control the flow of a program by executing code conditionally or repeatedly.

Types of Control Structures:

● Conditional Statements: Code that runs based on conditions (e.g., if-else).


● Loops: Repeat a block of code multiple times (e.g., for, while).
Conditional Statements (if-else)
What is an if-else Statement?

● Conditional statements allow you to execute code based on whether a condition is true or false.
Example
Multiple Conditions (else-if)
What if there are more than two conditions?

● You can chain multiple conditions using else if for more complex decision-making.
Example
Logical Operators in Conditions

Logical Operators:

● && (AND): Both conditions must be true.


● || (OR): At least one condition must be true.
● ! (NOT): Reverses a condition (true becomes false, false becomes true).
Loops (for, while)
What are Loops?

● Loops allow you to run the same block of code multiple times.

Types of Loops:

1. for loop
2. while loop
The for Loop
What is a for Loop?

● A loop that repeats code a specific number of times.

Example:
The while Loop

What is a while Loop?

● A loop that continues running as long as the condition is true.

Example:
Functions in JavaScript
What are Functions?

● A function is a block of code designed to perform a specific task. It can be reused multiple times by "invoking" it.

Declaring a Function:

● Use the function keyword to declare a function.


Example
Parameters and Arguments

What Are Parameters?

● Parameters are variables that are passed into a function when it's called, allowing the function to work with different inputs.

Example:
Returning Values from Functions
What is a Return Statement?

● A return statement allows a function to return a value back to the calling code.

Example:
Hands-On Activity: Creating Functions
Goal: Write a function that accepts two numbers, adds them, and returns the result.

Instructions:

1. Declare a function called addNumbers.


2. Pass two parameters to the function.
3. Return the sum of the two parameters.
4. Call the function and display the result.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Not Declaring Variables: Always use let, const, or var to declare variables.

Infinite Loops: Make sure loop conditions eventually become false, or the loop will run indefinitely.

Forget to Call Functions: Remember to "invoke" the function to execute the code inside it.
Summary
What We Learned Today:

● Control structures using conditional statements (if-else).


● Loops (for, while) to repeat code.
● Declaring and invoking functions, and passing parameters.
Questions?
Q&A Session

● Any questions before we wrap up?

Thank You & See You in the Next Class!

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