Thirukural

THIRUKURAL BOOK IN ENGLISH AND TAMIL
AUTHOR : GOKUL
Thirukkural / Holy Kural
1.
1. The Praise of God
1.1
1.1.1
1.1.1 The Praise of God
1.
.
'A' leads letters; the Ancient Lord 1
Leads and lords the entire world.
2.
.
That lore is vain which does not fall 2
At His good feet who knoweth all.
3.
.
Long they live on earth who gain 3
The feet of God in florid brain.
4.
.
Who hold His feet who likes nor loathes 4
thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

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Are free from woes of human births.
5.
.
God's praise who tell, are free from right 5
And wrong, the twins of dreaming night.
6.
.
They prosper long who walk His way 6
Who has the senses signed away.
7.
.
His feet, whose likeness none can find, 7
Alone can ease the anxious mind.
8.
.
Who swims the sea of vice is he 8
Who clasps the feet of Virtue's sea.
9.
.
Like senses stale that head is vain 9
Which bows not to Eight-Virtued Divine.
10.
.
The sea of births they alone swim 10
Who clench His feet and cleave to Him.
1.1.2
1.1.2. The Blessing of Rain
11.
.
The genial rain ambrosia call: 11
The world but lasts while rain shall fall.
12.
.
The rain begets the food we eat 12

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And forms a food and drink concrete.
13.
.
Let clouds their visits stay, and dearth 13
Distresses all the sea-girt earth.
14.
.
Unless the fruitful shower descend, 14
The ploughman's sacred toil must end.
15.
.
Destruction it may sometimes pour 15
But only rain can life restore.
16.
.
No grassy blade its head will rear, 16
If from the cloud no drop appear.
17.
.
The ocean's wealth will waste away, 17
Except the cloud its stores repay.
18.
.
The earth, beneath a barren sky, 18
Would offerings for the gods deny.
19.
.
Were heaven above to fail below 19
Nor alms nor penance earth would show.
20.
.
Water is life that comes from rain 20
Sans rain our duties go in vain.
1.1.3.
1.1.3. The Merit of Ascetics

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21.
.
No merit can be held so high 21
As theirs who sense and self deny.
22.
.
To con ascetic glory here 22
Is to count the dead upon the sphere.
23.
.
No lustre can with theirs compare 23
Who know the right and virtue wear.
24.
.
With hook of firmness to restrain 24
The senses five, is heaven to gain.
25.
.
Indra himself has cause to say 25
How great the power ascetics' sway.
26.
.
The small the paths of ease pursue 26
The great achieve things rare to do.
27.
.
They gain the world, who grasp and tell 27
Of taste, sight, hearing, touch and smell.
28.
.
Full-worded men by what they say, 28
Their greatness to the world display.
29.
.
Their wrath, who've climb'd the mount of good, 29

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Though transient, cannot be withstood.
30.
.
With gentle mercy towards all, 30
The sage fulfils the vitue's call.
1.1.4.
1.1.4 The Power of Virtue
31.
.
From virtue weal and wealth outflow; 31
What greater good can mankind know?
32.
.
Virtue enhances joy and gain; 32
Forsaking it is fall and pain.
33.
.
Perform good deeds as much you can 33
Always and everywhere, o man!
34.
.
In spotless mind virtue is found 34
And not in show and swelling sound.
35.
.
Four ills eschew and virtue reach, 35
Lust, anger, envy, evil-speech.
36.
.
Do good enow; defer it not 36
A deathless aid in death if sought.
37.
.
Litter-bearer and rider say 37

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Without a word, the fortune's way.
38.
.
Like stones that block rebirth and pain 38
Are doing good and good again.
39.
.
Weal flows only from virtue done 39
The rest is rue and renown gone.
40.
.
Worthy act is virtue done 40
Vice is what we ought to shun.
1.2.
DOMESTIC VIRTUE
1.2.1.
1.2.1. Married Life
41.
.
The ideal householder is he 41
Who aids the natural orders there.
42.
.
His help the monk and retired share, 42
And celibate students are his care.
43.
.
By dutiful householder's aid 43
God, manes, kin, self and guests are served.
44.
.
Sin he shuns and food he shares 44
His home is bright and brighter fares.

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45.
.
In grace and gain the home excels, 45
Where love with virtue sweetly dwells.
46.
.
Who turns from righteous family 46
To be a monk, what profits he?
47.
.
Of all who strive for bliss, the great 47
Is he who leads the married state.
48.
.
Straight in virtue, right in living 48
Make men brighter than monks praying.
49.
.
Home-life and virtue, are the same; 49
Which spotless monkhood too can claim.
50.
.
He is a man of divine worth 50
Who lives in ideal home on earth.
1.2.2
1.2.2 The Worth of a Wife
51.
.
A good housewife befits the house, 51
Spending with thrift the mate's resource.
52.
.
Bright is home when wife is chaste. 52
If not all greatness is but waste.
53.

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.
What is rare when wife is good. 53
What can be there when she is bad?
54.
.
What greater fortune is for men 54
Than a constant chaste woman?
55.
.
Her spouse before God who adores, 55
Is like rain that at request pours.
56.
.
The good wife guards herself from blame, 56
She tends her spouse and brings him fame.
57.
.
Of what avail are watch and ward? 57
Their purity is women's guard.
58.
.
Women who win their husbands' heart 58
Shall flourish where the gods resort.
59.
.
A cuckold has not the lion-like gait 59
Before his detractors aright.
60.
.
An honest wife is home's delight 60
And children good are jewels abright.
1.2.3
1.2.3. The Wealth of Children
61.

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.
The world no higher bliss bestows 61
Than children virtuous and wise.
62.
.
No evil comes and no blemish; 62
Noble sons bring all we wish.
63.
.
Children are one's wealth indeed 63
Their wealth is measured by their deed.
64.
.
The food is more than nectar sweet 64
In which one's children hands insert.
65.
.
Children's touch delights the body 65
Sweet to ears are their words lovely.
66.
.
The flute and lute are sweet they say 66
Deaf to baby's babble's lay!
67.
.
A father's duty to his son is 67
To seat him in front of the wise.
68.
.
With joy the hearts of parents swell 68
To see their children themselves excel.
69.
.
The mother, hearing her son's merit 69
Delights more than when she begot.

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70.
.
The son to sire this word is debt 70
"What penance such a son begot!"
1.2.4
1.2.4. Loving-Kindness
71.
.
What bolt can bar true love in fact 71
The tricking tears reveal the heart.
72.
.
To selves belong the loveless ones; 72
To oth'rs the loving e'en to bones.
73.
.
Soul is encased in frame of bone 73
To taste the life of love alone.
74.
.
Love yields aspiration and thence 74
Friendship springs up in excellence.
75.
.
The crowning joy of home life flows 75
From peaceful psychic love always.
76.
.
"Love is virtue's friend" say know-nots 76
It helps us against evil plots.
77.
.
Justice burns the loveless form 77
Like solar blaze the boneless worm.
78.

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.
Life bereft of love is gloom 78
Can sapless tree in desert bloom?
79.
.
Love is the heart which limbs must move, 79
Or vain the outer parts will prove.
80.
.
The seat of life is love alone; 80
Or beings are but skin and bone!
1.2.5.
1.2.5. Hospitality
81.
.
Men set up home, toil and earn 81
To tend the guests and do good turn.
82.
.
To keep out guests cannot be good 82
Albeit you eat nector-like food.
83.
.
Who tends his guests day in and out 83
His life in want never wears out.
84.
.
The goddess of wealth will gladly rest 84
Where smiles welcome the worthy guest.
85.
.
Should his field be sown who first 85
Feeds the guests and eats the rest?
86.
.

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Who tends a guest and looks for next 86
Is a welcome guest in heaven's feast.
87.
.
Worth of the guest of quality 87
Is worth of hospitality.
88.
.
Who loathe guest-service one day cry: 88
"We toil and store; but life is dry".
89.
.
The man of wealth is poor indeed 89
Whose folly fails the guest to feed.
90.
.
Anicham smelt withers: like that 90
A wry-faced look withers the guest.
1.2.6
1.2.6. Sweet Words
91.
.
The words of Seers are lovely sweet 91
Merciful and free from deceit.
92.
.
Sweet words from smiling lips dispense 92
More joys than heart's beneficence.
93.
.
Calm face, sweet look, kind words from heart 93
Such is the gracious virtue's part.
94.
.

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Whose loving words delight each one 94
The woe of want from them is gone.
95.
.
To be humble and sweet words speak 95
No other jewel do wise men seek.
96.
.
His sins vanish, his virtues grow 96
Whose fruitful words with sweetness flow.
97.
.
The fruitful courteous kindly words 97
Lead to goodness and graceful deeds.
98.
.
Kind words free from meanness delight 98
This life on earth and life the next.
99.
.
Who sees the sweets of sweetness here 99
To use harsh words how can he dare?
100.
.
Leaving ripe fruits the raw he eats 100
Who speaks harsh words when sweet word suits.
1.2.7
1.2.7. Gratitude
101.
.
Unhelped in turn good help given 101
Exceeds in worth earth and heaven.
102.
.
A help rendered in hour of need 102

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Though small is greater than the world.
103.
.
Help rendered without weighing fruits 103
Outweighs the sea in grand effects.
104.
.
Help given though millet- small 104
Knowers count its good palm- tree tall.
105.
.
A help is not the help's measure 105
It is gainer's worth and pleasure.
106.
.
Forget not friendship of the pure 106
Forsake not timely helpers sure.
107.
.
Through sevenfold births, in memory fares 107
The willing friend who wiped one's tears.
108.
.
To forget good turns is not good 108
Good it is over wrong not to brood.
109.
.
Let deadly harms be forgotten 109
While remembering one good-turn.
110.
.
The virtue-killer may be saved 110
Not benefit-killer who is damned.
1.2.8

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1.2.8. Equity
111.
.
Equity is supreme virtue 111
It is to give each man his due.
112.
.
Wealth of the man of equity 112
Grows and lasts to posterity.
113.
.
Though profitable, turn away 113
From unjust gains without delay.
114.
.
The worthy and the unworthy 114
Are seen in their posterity.
115.
.
Loss and gain by cause arise; 115
Equal mind adorns the wise.
116.
.
Of perdition let him be sure 116
Who leaves justice to sinful lure.
117.
.
The just reduced to poverty 117
Is not held down by equity.
118.
.
Like balance holding equal scales 118
A well poised mind is jewel of the wise.
119.
.

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Justice is upright, unbending 119
And free from crooked word-twisting.
120.
.
A trader's trade prospers fairly 120
When his dealings are neighbourly.
1.2.9.
1.2.9 Self Control
121.
.
Self-rule leads to realms of gods 121
Indulgence leads to gloomy hades.
122.
.
No gains with self-control measure 122
Guard with care this great treasure.
123.
.
Knowing wisdom who lives controlled 123
Name and fame seek him untold.
124.
.
Firmly fixed in self serene 124
The sage looks grander than mountain.
125.
.
Humility is good for all 125
To the rich it adds a wealth special.
126.
.
Who senses five like tortoise hold 126
Their joy prolongs to births sevenfold.
127.
.

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Rein the tongue if nothing else 127
Or slips of tongue bring all the woes.
128.
.
Even a single evil word 128
Will turn all good results to bad.
129.
.
The fire-burnt wounds do find a cure 129
Tongue-burnt wound rests a running sore.
130.
.
Virtue seeks and peeps to see 130
Self-controlled savant anger free.
1.2.10
1.2.10 Good Decorum
131.
.
Decorum does one dignity 131
More than life guard its purity.
132.
.
Virtues of conduct all excel; 132
The soul aid should be guarded well.
133.
.
Good conduct shows good family 133
Low manners mark anomaly.
134.
.
Readers recall forgotten lore, 134
But conduct lost returns no more.
135.
.

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The envious prosper but ill 135
The ill-behaved sinks lower still.
136.
.
The firm from virtue falter not 136
They know the ills of evil thought.
137.
.
Conduct good ennobles man, 137
Bad conduct entails disgrace mean.
138.
.
Good conduct sows seeds of blessings 138
Bad conduct endless evil brings.
139.
.
Foul words will never fall from lips 139
Of righteous men even by slips.
140.
.
Though read much they are ignorant 140
Whose life is not world-accordant.
1.2.11.
1.2.11 Against Coveting Another's Wife
141.
.
Who know the wealth and virtue's way 141
After other's wife do not stray.
142.
.
He is the worst law breaking boor 142
Who haunts around his neighbour's door.
143.
.

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The vile are dead who evil aim 143
And put faithful friends' wives to shame.
144.
.
Their boasted greatness means nothing 144
When to another's wife they cling.
145.
.
Who trifles with another's wife 145
His guilty stain will last for life.
146.
.
Hatred, sin, fear, and shame-these four 146
Stain adulterers ever more.
147.
.
He is the righteous householder 147
His neighbour's wife who covets never.
148.
.
They lead a high-souled manly life 148
The pure who eye not another's wife.
149.
.
Good in storm bound earth is with those 149
Who clasp not arms of another's spouse.
150.
.
Sinners breaking virtue's behest 150
Lust not for another's wife at least.
1.2.12.
1.2.12 Forgiveness
151.
.

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As earth bears up with diggers too 151
To bear revilers is prime virtue.
152.
.
Forgive insults is a good habit 152
Better it is to forget it.
153.
.
Neglect the guest is dearth of dearth 153
To bear with fools is strength of strength.
154.
.
Practice of patient quality 154
Retains intact itegrity.
155.
.
Vengeance is not in esteem held 155
Patience is praised as hidden gold.
156.
.
Revenge accords but one day's joy 156
Patience carries its praise for aye.
157.
.
Though others cause you wanton pain 157
Grieve not; from unjust harm refrain.
158.
.
By noble forbearance vanquish 158
The proud that have caused you anguish.
159.
.
More than ascetics they are pure 159
Who bitter tongues meekly endure.
160.

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.
Who fast are great to do penance 160
Greater are they who bear offence.
1.2.13
1.2.13 Avoid Envy
161.
.
Deem your heart as virtuous 161
When your nature is not jealous.
162.
.
No excellence excels the one 162
That by nature envies none.
163.
.
Who envies others' good fortune 163
Can't prosper in virtue of his own.
164.
.
The wise through envy don't others wrong 164
Knowing that woes from evils throng.
165.
.
Man shall be wrecked by envy's whim 165
Even if enemies spare him.
166.
.
Who envies gifts shall suffer ruin 166
Without food and clothes with his kin.
167.
.
Fortune deserts the envious 167
Leaving misfortune omnious.
168.

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.
Caitiff envy despoils wealth 168
And drags one into evil path.
169.
.
Why is envy rich, goodmen poor 169
People with surprise think over.
170.
.
The envious prosper never 170
The envyless prosper ever.
1.2.14.
1.2.14 Against Covetousness
171.
.
Who covets others' honest wealth 171
That greed ruins his house forthwith.
172.
.
Who shrink with shame from sin, refrain 172
From coveting which brings ruin.
173.
.
For spiritual bliss who long 173
For fleeting joy commit no wrong.
174.
.
The truth-knowers of sense-control 174
Though in want covet not at all.
175.
.
What is one's subtle wisdom worth 175
If it deals ill with all on earth.
176.

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.
Who seeks for grace on righteous path 176
Suffers by evil covetous wealth.
177.
.
Shun the fruit of covetousness 177
All its yield is inglorious.
178.
.
The mark of lasting wealth is shown 178
By not coveting others' own.
179.
.
Fortune seeks the just and wise 179
Who are free from coveting vice.
180.
.
Desireless, greatness conquers all; 180
Coveting misers ruined fall.
1.2.15.
1.2.15 Against Slander
181.
.
Though a man from virtue strays, 181
To keep from slander brings him praise.
182.
.
Who bite behind, and before smile 182
Are worse than open traitors vile.
183.
.
Virtue thinks it better to die, 183
Than live to backbite and to lie.
184.

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.
Though harsh you speak in one's presence 184
Abuse is worse in his absence.
185.
.
Who turns to slander makes it plain 185
His praise of virtue is in vain.
186.
.
His failings will be found and shown, 186
Who makes another's failings known.
187.
.
By pleasing words who make not friends 187
Sever their hearts by hostile trends.
188.
.
What will they not to strangers do 188
Who bring their friends' defects to view?
189.
.
The world in mercy bears his load 189
Who rants behind words untoward
190.
.
No harm would fall to any man 190
If each his own defect could scan.
1.2.16.
1.2.16 Against Vain Speaking
191.
.
With silly words who insults all 191
Is held in contempt as banal.
192.

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.
Vain talk before many is worse 192
Than doing to friends deeds adverse.
193.
.
The babbler's hasty lips proclaim 193
That "good-for-nothing" is his name.
194.
.
Vain words before an assembly 194
Will make all gains and goodness flee.
195.
.
Glory and grace will go away 195
When savants silly nonsense say.
196.
.
Call him a human chaff who prides 196
Himself in weightless idle words.
197.
.
Let not men of worth vainly quack 197
Even if they would roughly speak.
198.
.
The wise who weigh the worth refrain 198
From words that have no grain and brain.
199.
.
The wise of spotless self-vision 199
Slip not to silly words-mention.
200.
.
To purpose speak the fruitful word 200
And never indulge in useless load.

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1.2.17.
1.2.17 Fear of Sin
201.
.
Sinners fear not the pride of sin. 201
The worthy dread the ill within.
202.
.
Since evil begets evil dire 202
Fear ye evil more than fire.
203.
.
The wisest of the wise are those 203
Who injure not even their foes.
204.
.
His ruin virtue plots who plans 204
The ruin of another man's.
205.
.
Who makes poverty plea for ill 205
Shall reduce himself poorer still.
206.
.
From wounding others let him refrain 206
Who would from harm himself remain.
207.
.
Men may escape other foes and live 207
But sin its deadly blow will give.
208.
.
Ruin follows who evil do 208
As shadow follows as they go.

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209.
.
Let none who loves himself at all 209
Think of evil however small.
210.
.
He is secure, know ye, from ills 210
Who slips not right path to do evils.
1.2.18.
1.2.18 Duty to Society
211.
.
Duty demands nothing in turn; 211
How can the world recompense rain?
212.
.
All the wealth that toils give 212
Is meant to serve those who deserve.
213.
.
In heav'n and earth 'tis hard to find 213
A greater good than being kind.
214.
.
He lives who knows befitting act 214
Others are deemed as dead in fact.
215.
.
The wealth that wise and kind do make 215
Is like water that fills a lake.
216.
.
Who plenty gets and plenty gives 216
Is like town-tree teeming with fruits.

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217.
.
The wealth of a wide-hearted soul 217
Is a herbal tree that healeth all.
218.
.
Though seers may fall on evil days 218
Their sense of duty never strays.
219.
.
The good man's poverty and grief 219
Is want of means to give relief.
220.
.
By good if ruin comes across 220
Sell yourself to save that loss.
1.2.19.
1.2.19 Charity
221.
.
To give the poor is charity 221
The rest is loan and vanity.
222.
.
To beg is bad e'en from the good 222
To give is good, were heaven forbid.
223.
.
No pleading, "I am nothing worth," 223
But giving marks a noble birth.
224.
.
The cry for alms is painful sight 224
Until the giver sees him bright.

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225.
.
Higher's power which hunger cures 225
Than that of penance which endures.
226.
.
Drive from the poor their gnawing pains 226
If room you seek to store your gains.
227.
.
Who shares his food with those who need 227
Hunger shall not harm his creed.
228.
.
The joy of give and take they lose 228
Hard-hearted rich whose hoarding fails.
229.
.
Worse than begging is that boarding 229
Alone what one's greed is hoarding.
230.
.
Nothing is more painful than death 230
Yet more is pain of giftless dearth.
1.2.20.
1.2.20 Renown
231.
.
They gather fame who freely give 231
The greatest gain for all that live.
232.
.
The glory of the alms-giver 232
Is praised aloud as popular.

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233.
.
Nothing else lasts on earth for e'er 233
Saving high fame of the giver!
234.
.
From hailing gods heavens will cease 234
To hail the men of lasting praise
235.
.
Fame in fall and life in death 235
Are rare but for the soulful worth.
236.
.
Be born with fame if birth you want 236
If not of birth you must not vaunt.
237.
.
Why grieve at those who blame the shame 237
Of those who cannot live in fame?
238.
.
To men on earth it is a shame 238
Not to beget the child of fame.
239.
.
The land will shrink in yield if men 239
O'erburden it without renown.
240.
.
They live who live without blemish 240
The blameful ones do not flurish.

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1.3
1.3 ASCETIC VIRTUE
1.3.1
1.3.1 Compassion
241.
.
The wealth of wealth is wealth of grace 241
Earthly wealth e'en the basest has.
242.
.
Seek by sound ways good compassion; 242
All faiths mark that for-salvation.
243.
.
The hearts of mercy shall not go 243
Into dark worlds of gruesome woe.
244.
.
His soul is free from dread of sins 244
Whose mercy serveth all beings.
245.
.
The wide wind-fed world witness bears: 245
Men of mercy meet not sorrows.
246.
.
Who grace forsake and graceless act 246
The former loss and woes forget.
247.
.
This world is not for weathless ones 247
That world is not for graceless swines.
248.
.
The wealthless may prosper one day; 248

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The graceless never bloom agay.
249.
.
Like Truth twisted by confused mind 249
Wisdom is vain in hearts unkind.
250.
.
Think how you feel before the strong 250
When to the feeble you do wrong.
1.3.2.
1.3.2 Abstinence from Flesh
251.
.
What graciousness can one command 251
who feeds his flesh by flesh gourmand.
252.
.
The thriftless have no property 252
And flesh-eaters have no pity.
253.
.
Who wields a steel is steel-hearted 253
Who tastes body is hard-hearted.
254.
.
If merciless it is to kill, 254
To kill and eat is disgraceful.
255.
.
Off with flesh; a life you save 255
The eater hell's mouth shall not waive!
256.
.
None would kill and sell the flesh 256

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For eating it if they don't wish.
257.
.
From eating flesh men must abstain 257
If they but feel the being's pain.
258.
.
Whose mind from illusion is freed 258
Refuse on lifeless flesh to feed.
259.
.
Not to-kill-and-eat, truly 259
Excels thousand pourings of ghee!
260.
.
All lives shall lift their palms to him 260
Who eats not flesh nor kills with whim.
1.3.3
1.3.3 Penance
261.
.
Pains endure; pain not beings 261
This is the type of true penance.
262.
.
Penance is fit for penitents 262
Not for him who in vain pretends.
263.
.
Is it to true penitent's aid, 263
That others austere path avoid?
264.
.
In penance lies the power to save 264

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The friends and foil the foe and knave.
265.
.
What they wish as they wish is won 265
Here hence by men penance is done.
266.
.
Who do penance achieve their aim 266
Others desire-rid themselves harm.
267.
.
Pure and bright gets the gold in fire; 267
and so the life by pain austere.
268.
.
He worship wins from every soul 268
Who Master is by soul control.
269.
.
They can even defy death 269
Who get by penance godly strenth.
270.
.
Many are poor and few are rich 270
For they care not for penance much.
1.3.4.
1.3.4 Imposture
271.
.
Elements five of feigned life 271
Of a sly hypocrite within laugh.
272.
.
Of what avail are sky-high shows 272

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When guild the conscience gnaws and knows.
273.
.
Vaunting sainthood while week within 273
Seems a grazer with tiger skin.
274.
.
Sinning in saintly show is like 274
Fowlers in ambush birds to strike.
275.
.
Who false within but freedom feign 275
Shall moan "What have we done" with pain.
276.
.
Vilest is he who seems a saint 276
Cheating the world without restraint.
277.
.
Berry-red is his outward view, 277
Black like its nose his inward hue.
278.
.
Filthy in mind some bathe in streams 278
Hiding sins in showy extremes.
279.
.
Know men by acts and not by forms 279
Strait arrow kills, bent lute but charms.
280.
.
No balding nor tangling the hair! 280
Abstain from condemned acts with care.
1.3.5.

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1.3.5 Absence of Fraud
281.
.
Let him who would reproachless be 281
From all frauds guard his conscience free.
282.
.
"We will by fraud win other's wealth" 282
Even this thought is sin and stealth.
283.
.
The gain by fraud may overflow 283
But swift to ruin it shall go.
284.
.
The fruit that fraud and greed obtain 284
Shall end in endless grief and pain.
285.
.
Love and Grace are not their worth 285
Who watch to waylay dozer's wealth.
286.
.
They cannot walk in measured bounds 286
who crave and have covetous ends.
287.
.
Men of measured wisdom shun 287
Black art of fraud and what it won.
288.
.
Virtue abides in righteous hearts 288
Into minds of frauds deceit darts.
289.
.

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They perish in their perfidy 289
Who know nothing but pilfery.
290.
.
Even the body rejects thieves; 290
The honest men, heaven receives.
1.3.6.
1.3.6 Veracity
291.
.
If "What is truth"? the question be, 291
It is to speak out evil-free.
292.
.
E'en falsehood may for truth suffice, 292
When good it brings removing vice.
293.
.
Let not a man knowingly lie; 293
Conscience will scorch and make him sigh.
294.
.
He lives in loving hearts of all 294
Who serves the Truth serene in soul.
295.
.
To speak the truth from heart sincere 295
Is more than giving and living austere.
296.
.
Not to lie brings all the praise 296
All virtues from Truth arise.
297.
.

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Lie not lie not. Naught else you need 297
All virtues are in Truth indeed.
298.
.
Water makes you pure outward 298
Truth renders you pure inward.
299.
.
All lights are not lights for the wise; 299
Truth light is light bright like Sun-light.
300.
.
Of all the things we here have seen 300
Nothing surpasses Truth serene!
1.3.7
1.3.7 Restraining Anger
301.
.
Anger against the weak is wrong 301
It is futile against the strong.
302.
.
Vain is wrath against men of force 302
Against the meek it is still worse.
303.
.
Off with wrath with any one. 303
It is the source of sin and pain.
304.
.
Is there a foe like harmful ire 304
Which kills the smile and joyful cheer?
305.
.

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Thyself to save, from wrath away! 305
If not thyself the wrath will slay.
306.
.
Friend-killer is the fatal rage 306
It burns the helpful kinship-barge.
307.
.
The wrath-lover to doom is bound 307
Like failless-hand that strikes the ground.
308.
.
Save thy soul from burning ire 308
Though tortured like the touch of fire.
309.
.
Wishes he gains as he wishes 309
If man refrains from rage vicious!
310.
.
Dead are they who are anger-fed 310
Saints are they from whom wrath has fled.
1.3.8
1.3.8 Non Violence
311.
.
The pure by faith mean pain to none 311
Though princely wealth by that is won.
312.
.
The spotless hearts seek not revenge 312
Though Malice does the worst in rage.
313.
.

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Revenging even causeless hate 313
Bad-blood breeds and baneful heat.
314.
.
Doing good-turns, put them to shame 314
Thus chide the evil who do harm.
315.
.
What does a man from wisdom gain 315
If he pines not at other's pain?
316.
.
What you feel as pain to yourself 316
Do it not to the other-self.
317.
.
Any, anywhere injure not 317
At any time even in thought.
318.
.
How can he injure other souls 318
Who in his life injury feels.
319.
.
Harm others in the forenoon 319
Harm seeks thee in afternoon.
320.
.
No harm is done by peace-lovers 320
For pains rebound on pain-givers.
1.3.9
1.3.9 Non-Killing
321.
.

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What is Virtue? 'Tis not to kill 321
For killing causes every ill.
322.
.
Share the food and serve all lives 322
This is the law of all the laws.
323.
.
Not to kill is unique good 323
The next, not to utter falsehood.
324.
.
What way is good? That we can say 324
The way away from heat to slay.
325.
.
Of saints who renounce birth-fearing 325
The head is he who dreads killing.
326.
.
Life-eating -Death shall spare the breath 326
Of him who no life puts to death.
327.
.
Kill not life that others cherish 327
Even when your life must perish.
328.
.
The gain of slaughter is a vice 328
Though deemed good in sacrifice.
329.
.
Those who live by slaying are 329
Eaters of carrion bizarre!
330.

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.
The loathsome poor sickly and sore 330
Are killers stained by blood before.
1.3.10
1.3.10 Instability
331.
.
The worst of follies it is told 331
The fleeting as lasting to hold.
332.
.
Like a drama-crowd wealth gathers 332
Like passing show its pride too goes.
333.
.
Wealth wanes away; but when it comes 333
Take care to do enduring things.
334.
.
The showy day is but a saw 334
Your life, know that, to file and gnaw.
335.
.
Ere tongue benumbs and hiccough comes 335
Rise up to do good deeds betimes.
336.
.
One was yesterday; not today! 336
337.
.
Man knows not his next moment 337
On crores of things he is intent.
338.
.

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The soul from body any day 338
Like bird from egg-shell flies away.
339.
.
Death is like a slumber deep 339
And birth like waking from that sleep.
340.
.
The life berthed in this body shows 340
A fixed home it never knows.
1.3.11
1.3.11 Renunciation
341.
.
From what from what a man is free 341
From that, from that his torments flee.
342.
.
Give up all to gain the True 342
And endless joys shall hence seek you.
343.
.
Curb the senses five and renounce 343
The carving desires all at once.
344.
.
To have nothing is law of vows 344
Having the least deludes and snares.
345.
.
Why add to bonds while this body 345
Is too much for saints to be birth-free.
346.
.

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Who curbs the pride of I and mine 346
Gets a world rare for gods to gain.
347.
.
Grief clings on and on to those 347
Who cling to bonds without release.
348.
.
Who renounce all are free from care 348
Others suffer delusive snare.
349.
.
Bondage cut off, rebirth is off 349
The world then seems instable stuff.
350.
.
Bind Thyself to the unbound one 350
That binding breaks all bonds anon.
1.3.12
1.3.12 Truth-Conciousness
351.
.
That error entails ignoble birth 351
Which deems vain things as things of worth.
352.
.
Men of spotless pure insight 352
Enjoy delight devoid of night.
353.
.
To doubtless minds whose heart is clear 353
More than earth heaven is near.
354.
.

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Knowledge of five senses is vain 354
Without knowing the Truth within.
355.
.
Knowledge is truth of things to find 355
In every case of every kind.
356.
.
Who learn and here the Truth discern 356
Enter the path of non-return.
357.
.
One-minded sage sees inner-truth 357
He is free from thoughts of rebirth.
358.
.
It is knowledge to know Self-Truth 358
And remove the folly of birth.
359.
.
Know the Refuge; off with bondage 359
Be free from ills of thraldom, O sage.
360.
.
Woes expire when lust, wrath, folly 360
Expire even to name, fully.
1.3.13.
1.3.13 Curbing of Desire
361.
.
Desire to all, always is seed 361
From which ceaseless births proceed.
362.
.

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If long thou must, long for non-birth 362
It comes by longing no more for earth.
363.
.
No such wealth is here and there 363
As peerless wealth of non-desire.
364.
.
To nothing crave is purity 364
That is the fruit of verity.
365.
.
The free are those who desire not 365
The rest not free in bonds are caught.
366.
.
Dread desire; Virtue is there 366
To every soul desire is snare!
367.
.
Destroy desire; deliverance 367
Comes as much as you aspire hence.
368.
.
Desire extinct no sorrow-taints 368
Grief comes on grief where it pretends.
369.
.
Desire, the woe of woes destroy 369
Joy of joys here you enjoy.
370.
.
Off with desire insatiate 370
You gain the native blissful state.
.

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1.4
1.4.1
1.4.1 Destiny
371.
.
Efforts succeed by waxing star 371
Wealth-losing brings waning star.
372.
.
Loss-fate makes a dull fool of us 372
Gain-fate makes us prosperous, wise!
373.
.
What matters subtle study deep? 373
Levels of innate wisdom-keep.
374.
.
Two natures in the world obtain 374
Some wealth and others wisdom gain.
375.
.
In making wealth fate changes mood; 375
The good as bad and bad as good.
376.
.
Things not thine never remain 376
Things destined are surely thine.
377.
.
Who crores amass enjoy but what 377
The Dispenser's decrees allot.
378.
.

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The destitute desire will quit 378
If fate with ills visit them not.
379.

Who good in time of good perceive 379
In evil time why should they grieve?
380.
.
What power surpasses fate? Its will 380
Persists against the human skill.

---------------------------------------------------
2.
2. Wealth
2.1
2.1 ROYALTY
2.1.1
2.1.1 THE GRANDEUR OF MONARCHY
381.
.
People, troops, wealth, forts, council, friends 381
Who owns these six is lion of kings.
382.
.
Courage, giving, knowledge and zeal 382
Are four failless features royal.
383
.
Alertness, learning bravery 383
Are adjuncts three of monarchy.

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384.
.
A brave noble king refrains from vice 384
Full of virtue and enterprise.
385.
.
The able king gets, stores and guards 385
And spends them for people's safeguards.
386.
.
That land prospers where the king is 386
Easy to see, not harsh of words.
387.
.
The world commends and acts his phrase 387
Who sweetly speaks and gives with grace.
388.
.
He is the Lord of men who does 388
Sound justice and saves his race.
389.
.
Under his shelter thrives the world 389
Who bears remarks bitter and bold.
390.
.
He is the Light of Kings who has 390
Bounty, justice, care and grace.
2.1.2
2.1.2 EDUCATION
391.
.
Lore worth learning, learn flawlessly 391
Live by that learning thoroughly.

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392.
.
Letter, number, art and science 392
Of living kind both are the eyes.
393.
.
The learned alone have eyes on face 393
The ignorant two sores of disgrace.
394.
.
To meet with joy and part with thought 394
Of learned men this is the art.
395.
.
Like poor before rich they yearn: 395
For knowledge: the low never learn.
396.
.
As deep you dig the sand spring flows 396
As deep you learn the knowledge grows.
397.
.
All lands and towns are learner's own 397
Why not till death learning go on!
398.
.
The joy of learning in one birth 398
Exalts man upto his seventh.
399
.
The learned foster learning more 399
On seeing the world enjoy their lore.
400.
.
Learning is wealth none could destroy 400
Nothing else gives genuine joy.

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2.1.3
2.1.3 NON-LEARNING
401.
.
Like play of chess on squareless board 401
Vain is imperfect loreless word.
402.
.
Unlearned man aspiring speech 402
Is breastless lady's love-approach.
403.
.
Ev'n unread men are good and wise 403
If before the wise, they hold their peace.
404.
.
The unread's wit though excellent 404
Is not valued by the savant.
405.
.
A man untaught when speech he vaunts 405
Sadly fails before savants.
406.
.
People speak of untaught minds 406
"They just exist like barren lands".
407.
.
Like painted clay-doll is his show 407
Grand subtle lore who fails to know.
408.
.
Wealth in the hand of fools is worse 408
Than a learned man's empty purse.

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409.
.
Lower are fools of higher birth 409
Than low-born men of learning's worth.
410.
.
Like beasts before men, dunces are 410
Before scholars of shining lore.
2.1.4
2.1.4 LISTENING
411.
.
Wealth of wealths is listening's wealth 411
It is the best of wealths on earth.
412.
.
Some food for the stomach is brought 412
When the ear gets no food for thought.
413.
.
Whose ears get lots of wisdom-food 413
Equal gods on oblations fed.
414.
.
Though not learned, hear and heed 414
That serves a staff and stay in need.
415.
.
Virtuous men's wisdom is found 415
A strong staff on slippery ground.
416.
.
Lend ear to good words however few 416
That much will highly exalt you.

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417.
.
Who listen well and learn sharply 417
Not ev'n by slip speak foolishly.
418.
.
That ear though hearing is dulled 418
Which is not by wisdom drilled.
419.
.
A modest mouth is hard for those 419
Who care little to counsels wise.
420.
.
Who taste by mouth and not by ear 420
What if they fare ill or well here?
2.1.5
2.1.5 POSSESSION OF WISDOM
421
.
Wisdom's weapon wards off all woes 421
It is a fort defying foes.
422.
.
Wisdom checks the straying senses 422
Expels evils, impels goodness.
423.
.
To grasp the Truth from everywhere 423
From everyone is wisdom fair.
424.
.
Speaking out thoughts in clear trends 424
Wisdom subtle sense comprehends.

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425.
.
The wise-world the wise befriend 425
They bloom nor gloom, equal in mind.
426.
.
As moves the world so move the wise 426
In tune with changing times and ways.
427.
.
The wise foresee what is to come 427
The unwise lack in that wisdom.
428.
.
Fear the frightful and act wisely 428
Not to fear the frightful's folly.
429.
.
No frightful evil shocks the wise 429
Who guard themselves against surprise.
430.
.
Who have wisdom they are all full 430
Whatev'r they own, misfits are nil.
2.1.6
2.1.6 AVOIDING FAULTS
431.
.
Plenty is their prosperity 431
Who're free from wrath pride lust petty.
432.
.
Mean pride, low pleasure, avarice 432
These add blemishes to a prince.

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433.
.
Though millet-small their faults might seem 433
Men fearing disgrace, Palm-tall deem.
434.
.
Watch like treasure freedom from fault 434
Our fatal foe is that default.
435.
.
Who fails to guard himself from flaw 435
Loses his life like flame-lit straw.
436.
.
What fault can be the king's who cures 436
First his faults, then scans others.
437.
.
That miser's wealth shall waste and end 437
Who would not for a good cause spend.
438.
.
The gripping greed of miser's heart 438
Is more than fault the worst apart.
439.
.
Never boast yourself in any mood 439
Nor do a deed that does no good.
440.
.
All designs of the foes shall fail 440
If one his wishes guards in veil.
2.1.7
2.1.7 GAINING GREAT MEN'S HELP

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441.
.
Weigh their worth and friendship gain 441
Of men of virtue and mature brain.
442.
.
Cherish the help of men of skill 442
Who ward and safe-guard you from ill.
443.
.
Honour and have the great your own 443
Is rarest of the rare things known.
444.
.
To have betters as intimates 444
Power of all powers promotes.
445.
.
Ministers are the monarch's eyes 445
Round him should be the right and wise.
446.
.
To move with worthy friends who knows 446
Has none to fear from frightful foes.
447.
?
No foe can foil his powers 447
whose friends reprove him when he errs.
448.
.
The careless king whom none reproves 448
Ruins himself sans harmful foes.
449.
.
No capital, no gain in trade 449

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No prop secure sans good comrade.
450.
.
To give up good friends is ten times worse 450
Than being hated by countless foes.
2.1.8
2.1.8 AVOIDING MEAN COMPANY
451
.
The ignoble the noble fear 451
The mean hold them as kinsmen dear.
452.
.
With soil changes water's taste 452
With mates changes the mental state.
453.
.
Wisdom depends upon the mind 453
The worth of man upon his friend.
454.
.
Wisdom seems to come from mind 454
But it truly flows from the kind.
455.
.
Purity of the thought and deed 455
Comes from good company indeed.
456.
.
Pure-hearted get good progeny 456
Pure friendship acts with victory.
457.
.
Goodness of mind increases gain 457
Good friendship fosters fame again.

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458.
.
Men of wisdom, though good in mind 458
In friends of worth a new strength find.
459.
.
Good mind decides the future bliss 459
Good company gains strength to this.
460.
.
No help good company exeeds; 460
The bad to untold anguish leads.
4.1.9
4.1.9 DELIBERATION BEFORE ACTION
461.
.
Weigh well output the loss and gain 461
And proper action ascertain.
462.
.
Nothing is hard for him who acts 462
With worthy counsels weighing facts.
463.
.
The wise risk not their capital 463
In doubtful gains and lose their all.
464.
.
They who scornful reproach fear 464
Commence no work not made clear.
465.
.
Who marches without plans and ways 465
His field is sure to foster foes.

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466.
.
Doing unfit action ruins 466
Failing fit-act also ruins.
467.
.
Think and dare a proper deed 467
Dare and think is bad in need.
468.
.
Toil without a plan ahead 468
Is doomed to fall though supported.
469.
.
Attune the deeds to habitude 469
Or ev'n good leads to evil feud.
470.
.
Do deeds above reproachfulness 470
The world refutes uncomely mess.
2.1.10
2.1.10 JUDGING STRENGTH
471.
.
Judge act and might and foeman's strength 471
The allies' strength and go at length.
472.
.
Nothing hampers the firm who know 472
What they can and how to go.
473.
.
Many know not their meagre might 473
Their pride breaks up in boastful fight.

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474.
.
Who adapts not, outsteps measure 474
And brags himself-his fall is sure.
475.
.
Even the gentle peacock's plume 475
Cart's axle breaks by gross volume.
476.
.
Beyond the branches' tip who skips 476
Ends the life as his body rips.
477.
.
Know the limit; grant with measure 477
This way give and guard your treasure.
478.
.
The outflow must not be excess 478
No matter how small income is.
479.
.
Who does not know to live in bounds 479
His life seems rich but thins and ends.
480.
.
Wealth amassed quickly vanishes 480
Sans level if one lavishes.
2.1.11
2.1.11 KNOWING PROPER TIME
481.
.
By day the crow defeats the owl 481
Kings need right time their foes to quell.

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482.
.
Well-ordered seasoned act is cord 482
That fortune binds in bon accord.
483.
.
What is hard for him who acts 483
With proper means and time and tacts?
484.
.
Choose proper time and act and place 484
Even the world you win with ease.
485.
.
Who want to win the world sublime 485
Wait unruffled biding their time.
486.
.
By self-restraint stalwarts keep fit 486
Like rams retreating but to butt.
487.
.
The wise jut not their vital fire 487
They watch their time with hidden ire.
488.
.
Bear with hostiles when you meet them 488
Fell down their head in fateful time.
489.
.
When comes the season ripe and rare 489
Dare and do hard things then and there.
490.
.
In waiting time feign peace like stork 490

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In fighting time strike like its peck.
2.1.12
2.1.12 JUDGING THE PLACE
491.
.
No action take, no foe despise 491
Until you have surveyed the place.
492.
.
Many are gains of fortresses 492
Ev'n to kings of power and prowess.
493.
.
Weaklings too withstand foe's offence 493
In proper fields of strong defence.
494.
.
If fighters fight in vantage field 494
The plans of foes shall be baffled.
495.
.
In water crocodile prevails 495
In land before others it fails.
496.
.
Sea-going ship goes not on shore 496
Nor on sea the strong-wheeled car.
497.
.
No aid but daring dash they need 497
When field is chosen right for deed.
498.
.
Though force is small, if place is right 498
One quells a foe of well-armed might.

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499.
.
To face a foe at home is vain 499
Though fort and status are not fine.
500
.
A fox can kill a war tusker 500
Fearless with feet in deep quagmire.
2.1.13
2.1.13 TESTING OF MEN FOR CONFIDENCE
501.
.
Pleasure, gold, fear of life Virtue- 501
Test by these four and trust the true.
502.
.
Spotless name of noble birth 502
Shamed of stain-that choice is worth.
503.
.
Though deep scholars of stainless sense 503
Rare is freedom from ignorance.
504.
.
Good and evil in man weigh well 504
Judge him by virtues which prevail.
505.
.
By the touchstone of deeds is seen 505
If any one is great or mean.
506.
.
Choose not those men without kinsmen 506
Without affine or shame of sin.

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507.
.
On favour leaning fools you choose; 507
Folly in all its forms ensues.
508.
.
To trust an untried stranger brings 508
Endless troubles on all our kins.
509.
.
Trust not without testing and then 509
Find proper work for trusted men.
510.
.
Trust without test; The trusted doubt; 510
Both entail troubles in and out.
2.1.14
2.1.14 TESTING AND ENTRUSTING
511.
.
Employ the wise who will discern 511
The good and bad and do good turn.
512.
.
Let him act who resource swells; 512
Fosters wealth and prevents ills.
513.
.
Trust him in whom these four you see: 513
Love, wit, non-craving, clarity.
514.
.
Though tried and found fit, yet we see 514
Many differ before duty.

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515.
.
Wise able men with power invest 515
Not by fondness but by hard test.
516.
.
Discern the agent and the deed 516
And just in proper time proceed.
517.
.
This work, by this, this man can do 517
Like this entrust the duty due.
518.
.
His fitness for the duty scan 518
Leave him to do the best he can.
519.
.
Who do duty for duty's sake 519
Doubt them; and fortune departs quick.
520
.
Worker straight the world is straight 520
The king must look to this aright.
2.1.15
2.1.15 CHERISHING KINSMEN
521.
.
Let fortunes go; yet kinsmen know 521
The old accustomed love to show.
522.
.
The gift of loving Kins bestows 522
Fadeless fortune's fresh flowers.

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523.
.
A kinless wealth is like a tank 523
Which overflows without a bank.
524.
.
The fruit of growing wealth is gained 524
When kith and kin are happy found.
525.
.
Loving words and liberal hand 525
Encircle kith and kin around.
526.
.
Large giver and wrathless man 526
Commands on earth countless kinsmen.
527.
.
The crows hide not; thy call and eat 527
Welfare abides a man of heart.
528.
.
From public gaze when kings perceive 528
Each one's merits so many thrive.
529.
.
Forsaken friends will come and stay 529
When cause for discord goes away.
530.
.
Who leaves and returns with motive 530
The king should test him and receive.
2.1.16
2.1.16 UNFORGETFULNESS

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531.
.
Worse than wrath in excess is 531
Forgetfulness in joy-excess.
532.
.
Negligence kills renown just as 532
Ceaseless want wisdom destroys.
533.
.
Forgetful nature fails of fame 533
All schools of thinkers say the same.
534.
.
The fearful find no fortress here 534
The forgetful find good never.
535.
.
Failing foresight the guardless man 535
Shall rue his folly later on.
536.
.
Forget none; watch with wakeful care 536
Miss none; the gain is sans compare.
537.
.
With cautious care pursue a thing 537
Impossible there is nothing.
538.
.
Do what the wise commend as worth 538
If not, for seven births no mirth.
539.
.
When joy deludes, their fate recall 539
Whom negligence has made to fall.

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540.
.
Easy it is a thing to get 540
When the mind on it is set.
2.1.17
2.1.17 JUST GOVERNMENT
541.
.
Test and attest impartially 541
Consult and act the laws justly.
542.
.
The earth looks up to sky and thrives 542
And mankind to king's rod of justice.
543.
.
The Sage's scripture and virtue spring 543
From the sceptre of a stately king.
544.
.
The world clings to the ruler's feet 544
Whose sceptre clasps the people's heart.
545.
.
Full rains and yields enrich the land 545
Which is ruled by a righteous hand.
546.
.
Not the spear but the sceptre straight 546
That brings success to monarch's might.
547.
.
The king protects the entire earth 547
And justice protects his royal worth.

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548.
.
Hard of access, the unjust king 548
He shall himself his ruin bring.
549.
.
Save his subjects and chide the wrong 549
Is flawless duty of a king.
550.
.
Killing killers, the king, behold 550
Weeds removes from cropful field.
2.1.18
2.1.18 CRUEL TYRANNY
551.
.
The unjust tyrant oppressor 551
Is worse than cruel murderer.
552.
.
Sceptered tyrant exacting gold 552
Is "give" of lanced robber bold.
553.
.
Spy wrongs daily and do justice 553
Or day by day the realm decays.
554.
.
The king shall wealth and subjects lose 554
If his sceptre he dares abuse.
555.
.
Groaning tears caused by tyrant's sway 555
File the royal wealth away.

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556.
.
Glory endures by sceptre right 556
Without it wanes the royal light.
557.
.
Dry like the earth without rainfall 557
Is graceless king to creatures all.
558.
.
To have is worse than having not 558
If ruler is unjust despot.
559.
.
The sky withdraws season's shower 559
If the king misuses his power.
560.
.
The *six-functioned forget their lore 560
Cows give less if kings guard no more.
* the six functions are: learning, teaching, giving,
getting, sacrificing, kindling sacrifice.
These are duties of Vedic savants.
2.1.19
2.1.19 AVOIDING TERRORISM
561.
.
A king enquires and gives sentence 561
Just to prevent future offence.
562.
.
Wield fast the rod but gently lay 562
This strict mildness prolongs the sway.
563.

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.
His cruel rod of dreadful deed 563
Brings king's ruin quick indeed.
564.
.
As men the king a tyrant call 564
His days dwindled, hasten his fall.
565.
.
Whose sight is scarce, whose face is foul 565
His wealth seems watched by a ghoul.
566.
.
Whose word is harsh, whose sight is rude 566
His wealth and power quickly fade.
567.
.
Reproofs rough and punishments rude 567
Like files conquering power corrode.
568.
.
The king who would not take counsels 568
Rages with wrath-his fortune fails.
569.
.
The king who builds not fort betimes 569
Fears his foes in wars and dies.
570.
.
The crushing burden borne by earth 570
Is tyrants bound to fools uncouth.
2.1.20
2.1.20 BENIGN LOOKS
571.

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.
Living in the world implies 571
The bounteous dame of benign eyes.
572.
.
World lives by looks of lovely worth 572
Who lack them are burdens of earth.
573.
.
Of tuneless song what is the use? 573
Without gracious looks what are eyes?
574.
.
Except that they are on the face 574
What for are eyes sans measured grace.
575.
.
Kind looks are jewels for eyes to wear 575
Without them they are felt as sore.
576.
.
Like trees on inert earth they grow 576
Who don't eye to eye kindness show.
577.
.
Ungracious men lack real eyes 577
Men of real eyes show benign grace.
578.
.
Who gracious are but dutiful 578
Have right for this earth beautiful.
579.
.
To be benign and bear with foes 579
Who vex us is true virtue's phase.

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580.
.
Men of graceful courtesy 580
Take hemlock and look cheerfully.
2.1.21
2.1.21 ESPIONAGE
581.
.
A king should treat these two as eyes 581
The code of laws and careful spies.
582.
.
All that happens, always, to all 582
The king should know in full detail.
583.
.
Conquests are not for the monarch 583
Who cares not for the Spy's remark.
584.
.
His officers, kinsmen and foes 584
Who watch keenly are worthy spies.
585.
.
Fearless gaze, suspectless guise 585
Guarding secrets mark the spies.
586.
.
Guised as monks they gather secrets 586
They betray them not under threats.
587.
.
A spy draws out other's secrets 587
Beyond a doubt he clears his facts.

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588.
.
The reports given by one spy 588
By another spy verify.
589.
.
Engage the spies alone, apart 589
When three agree confirm report.
590.
.
Give not the spy open reward 590
It would divulge the secret heard!
2.1.22
2.1.22 ENERGY
591.
.
To own is to own energy 591
All others own but lethargy.
592.
.
Psychic heart is wealth indeed 592
Worldly wealth departs in speed.
593.
.
The strong in will do not complain 593
The loss of worldly wealth and gain.
594.
.
Fortune enquires, enters with boom 594
Where tireless strivers have their home.
595.
.
Water depth is lotus height 595
Mental strength is men's merit.

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596.
.
Let thoughts be always great and grand 596
Though they fail their virtues stand.
597.
.
Elephants are firm when arrows hit 597
Great minds keep fit ev'n in defeat.
598.
.
Heartless persons cannot boast 598
"We are liberal to our best".
599.
.
Huge elephant sharp in tusk quails 599
When tiger, less in form, assails.
600.
.
Mental courage is true manhood 600
Lacking that man is like a wood.
2.1.23
2.1.23 FREEDOM FROM SLOTH
601
.
Quenchless lamp of ancestry goes 601
When foul idleness encloses.
602.
.
To make your home an ideal home 602
Loath sloth as sloth; refuse it room.
603.
.
The fool who fosters sluggishness 603
Before he dies ruins his house.

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604.
.
Who strive not high, sunk deep in sloth 604
Ruin their house by evil growth.
605.
.
To lag, forget, idle and doze 605
These four are pleasure boats of loss.
606.
.
With all the wealth of lords of earth 606
The slothful gain nothing of worth.
607.
.
The slothful lacking noble deeds 607
Subject themselves to scornful words.
608.
.
If sloth invades a noble house 608
It will become a slave of foes.
609.
.
The blots on race and rule shall cease 609
When one from sloth gets his release.
610.
.
The slothless king shall gain en masse 610
*All regions trod by Lord apace.
* Hindu mythology holds that Lord Vishnu
measured with his feet the three worlds.
2.1.24
2.1.24 MANLY EFFORT
611.
.
Feel not frustrate saying "Tis hard". 611

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Who tries attains striving's reward.
612.
.
In doing work don't break and shirk 612
The world will quit who quits his work.
613.
.
On excellence of industry 613
Depends magnanimous bounty.
614.
.
Bounty of man who never strives 614
Like sword in eunuch's hand it fails.
615.
.
Work who likes and not pleasure 615
Wipes grief of friends, pillar secure.
616.
.
Industry adds prosperity 616
Indolence brings but poverty.
617.
.
Illuck abides with sloth they say 617
*Laxmi's gifts with labourers stay.
*Laxmi the Goddes of wealth and prosperity
618.
.
Misfortune is disgrace to none 618
The shame is nothing learnt or done.
619.
.
Though fate is against fulfilment 619
Hard labour has ready payment.
620.

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.
Tireless Toiler's striving hand 620
Shall leave even the fate behind.
2.1.25
2.1.25 HOPE IN MISHAP
621.
.
Laugh away troubles; there is 621
No other way to conquer woes.
622.
.
Deluging sorrows come to nought 622
When wise men face them with firm thought.
623.
.
Grief they face and put to grief 623
Who grieve not grief by mind's relief.
624.
.
Who pulls like bulls patiently on 624
Causes grief to grieve anon.
625.
.
Before the brave grief grieves and goes 625
Who dare a host of pressing woes.
626.
.
The wise that never gloat in gain 626
Do not fret in fateful ruin.
627.
.
The wise worry no more of woes 627
Knowing body's butt of sorrows.
628.

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.
Who seek not joy, deem grief norm 628
By sorrows do not come to harm.
629.
.
In joy to joy who is not bound 629
In grief he grieves not dual round!
630.
.
His glory is esteemed by foes 630
Who sees weal in wanton woes!

2.2.
2.2 STATE CABINET
2.2.1
2.2.1 MINISTERS
631.
.
He is minister who chooses 631
Right means, time, mode and rare ventures.
632.
.
With these he guards people, - by his 632
Knowledge, firmness and manliness.
633.
.
A minister cherishes friends 633
Divides foes and the parted blends.
634.
.
A minister must sift reflect 634
Select and say surely one fact.
635.

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.
Have him for help who virtue knows 635
Right wisdom speaks, ever apt in acts.
636.
.
Which subtler brain can stand before 636
The keen in brain with learned love?
637.
.
Albeit you know to act from books 637
Act after knowing world's outlooks.
638.
.
The man in place must tell the facts 638
Though the ignorant king refutes.
639.
.
Seventy crores of foes are better 639
Than a minister with mind bitter.
640.
.
The unresolved, though well designed 640
To fulfil an act they have no mind.
2.2.2
2.2.2 POWER OF SPEECH
641.
.
The goodness called goodness of speech 641
Is goodness which nothing can reach.
642.
.
Since gain or ruin speeches bring 642
Guard against the slips of tongue.
643.

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.
A speech is speech that holds ears 643
And attracts ev'n those that are averse.
644.
.
Weigh thy words and speak; because 644
No wealth or virtue words surpass.
645.
.
Speak out thy world so that no word 645
Can win it and say untoward.
646.
.
Spotless men speak what is sweet 646
And grasp in others what is meet.
647.
.
No foe defies the speaker clear 647
Flawless, puissant, and free from fear.
648.
.
The world will quickly carry out 648
The words of counsellors astute.
649.
.
They overspeak who do not seek 649
A few and flawless words to speak.
650.
.
Who can't express what they have learnt 650
Are bunch of flowers not fragrant.
2.2.3
2.2.3 PURITY OF ACTION
651.

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.
Friendship brings gain; but action pure 651
Does every good thing we desire.
652.
.
Eschew always acts that do not 652
Bring good nor glory on their part.
653.
.
Those in the world desire for fame 653
Should shun the deed that dims their name.
654.
.
Though perils press the faultless wise 654
Shun deeds of mean, shameful device.
655.
.
Do not wrong act and grieve, "Alas" 655
If done, do not repeat it twice.
656.
.
Though she who begot thee hungers 656
Shun acts denounced by ancient seers.
657.
.
Pinching poverty of the wise 657
Is more than wealth hoarded by Vice.
658.
.
Those who dare a forbidden deed 658
Suffer troubles though they succeed.
659.
.
Gains from weeping, weeping go 659
Though lost, from good deeds blessings flow.

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660.
.
The wealth gathered in guilty ways 660
Is water poured in wet clay vase.
2.2.4
2.2.4 POWERFUL ACTS
661.
.
A powerful mind does powerful act 661
And all the rest are imperfect.
662.
.
Shun failing fuss; fail not purpose 662
These two are maxims of the wise.
663.
.
The strong achieve and then display 663
Woe unto work displayed midway.
664.
.
Easy it is to tell a fact 664
But hard it is to know and act.
665.
.
Dynamic deeds of a doughty soul 665
Shall win the praise of king and all.
666.
.
The will-to-do achieves the deed 666
When mind that wills is strong indeed.
667.
.
Scorn not the form: for men there are 667
Like linchpin of big rolling car.

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668.
.
Waver not; do wakefully 668
The deed resolved purposefully.
669.
.
Do with firm will though pains beset 669
The deed that brings delight at last.
670.
.
The world merits no other strength 670
But strength of will-to-do at length.
2.2.5
2.2.5 MODES OF ACTION
671.
.
When counsel takes a resolve strong 671
Weak delay of action is wrong.
672.
.
Delay such acts as need delay 672
Delay not acts that need display.
673.
.
It's best to act when feasible 673
If not see what is possible.
674.
.
Work or foe left unfinished 674
Flare up like fire unextinguished.
675.
.
Money and means, time, place and deed 675
Decide these five and then proceed.

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676.
.
Weigh well the end, hindrance, profit 676
And then pursue a fitting act.
677.
.
Know first the secret from experts 677
That is the way of fruitful acts.
678.
.
Lure a tusker by a tusker 678
Achieve a deed by deed better.
679.
.
Than doing good to friends it is 679
More urgent to befriend the foes.
680.
.
Small statesmen fearing people's fear 680
Submit to foes superior.
2.2.6
2.2.6 EMBASSY
681.
.
Love, noble birth, good courtesy 681
Pleasing kings mark true embassy.
682.
.
Envoys must bear love for their prince 682
Knowledge and learned eloquence.
683.
.
Savant among savants, he pleads 683
Before lanced king, triumphant words.

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684.
.
Who has these three: good form, sense, lore 684
Can act as bold ambassador.
685.
.
Not harsh, the envoy's winsome ways 685
Does good by pleasant words concise.
686.
.
Learned; fearless, the envoy tends 686
Convincing words which time demands.
687.
.
Knowing duty time and place 687
The envoy employs mature phrase.
688.
.
The true envoy of three virtues 688
Is pure helpful and bold in views.
689.
.
The envoy who ports the king's message 689
Has flawless words and heart's courage.
690.
.
Braving death the bold envoy 690
Assures his king's safety and joy.
2.2.7
2.2.7 WALK WITH KINGS
691.
.
Move with hostile kings as with fire 691
Not coming close nor going far.

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692.
.
Crave not for things which kings desire 692
This brings thee their fruitful favour.
693.
.
Guard thyself from petty excess 693
Suspected least, there's no redress.
694.
.
Whisper not; nor smile exchange 694
Amidst august men's assemblage.
695.
.
Hear not, ask not the king's secret 695
Hear only when he lets it out.
696.
.
Discern his mood and time and tell 696
No dislikes but what king likes well.
697.
.
Tell pleasing things; and never tell 697
Even if pressed what is futile.
698.
.
As young and kinsman do not slight; 698
Look with awe king's light and might.
699.
.
The clear-visioned do nothing base 699
Deeming they have the monarch's grace.
700.
.
Worthless acts based on friendship old 700
Shall spell ruin and woe untold.

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2.2.8
2.2.8 DIVINING THE MIND
701
.
Who reads the mind by look, untold 701
Adorns the changeless sea-girt world.
702.
.
Take him as God who reads the thought 702
Of another man with without a doubt.
703.
.
By sign who scans the sign admit 703
At any cost in cabinet.
704.
.
Untold, he who divines the thought 704
Though same in form is quite apart.
705.
.
Among senses what for is eye 705
If thought by thought one can't descry?
706.
.
What throbs in mind the face reflects 706
Just as mirror nearby objects.
707.
.
Than face what is subtler to tell 707
First if the mind feels well or ill.
708.
.
Just standing in front would suffice 708

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For those who read the mind on face.
709.
.
Friend or foe the eyes will show 709
To those who changing outlooks know.
710.
.
The scale of keen discerning minds 710
Is eye and eye that secrets finds.
2.2.9
2.2.9 JUDGING THE AUDIENCE
711.
.
The pure in thought and eloquence 711
Adapt their words to audience.
712.
.
Who know the art of speech shall suit 712
Their chosen words to time in fact.
713.
.
They speak in vain at length who talk 713
Words unversed which ears don't take.
714.
.
Before the bright be brilliant light 714
Before the muff be mortar white.
715.
.
Modest restraint all good excels 715
Which argues not before elders.
716.
.
Tongue-slip before the talented wise 716

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Is like slipping from righteous ways.
717.
.
The learning of the learned shines 717
Valued by flawless scholar-minds.
718.
.
To address understanding ones 718
Is to water beds of growing grains.
719.
.
O ye who speak before the keen 719
Forgetful, address not the mean.
720.
.
To hostiles who wise words utters 720
Pours ambrosia into gutters.
2.2.10
2.2.10 COURAGE BEFORE COUNCILS
721.
.
The pure fail not in power of words 721
Knowing grand council's moods and modes.
722.
.
Among scholars he is scholar 722
Who holds scholars with learned lore.
723.
.
Many brave foes and die in fields 723
The fearless few face wise councils.
724.
.
Impress the learned with your lore 724

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From greater savants learn still more.
725.
.
Grammar and logic learn so that 725
Foes you can boldly retort.
726.
.
To cowards what can sword avail 726
And books to those who councils fail?
727.
.
Like eunuch's sword in field, is vain 727
His lore who fears men of brain.
728.
.
Though learned much his lore is dead 728
Who says no good before the good.
729.
.
Who fear to face good assembly 729
Are learned idiots, certainly.
730.
.
They are breathing dead who dare not 730
Empress before the wise their art.
2.3
2.3 POLITICS
2.3.1
2.3.1 THE COUNTRY
731.
.

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It's country which has souls of worth 731
Unfailing yields and ample wealth.
732.
.
The Land has large luring treasure 732
Where pests are nil and yields are sure.
733.
.
It's land that bears pressing burdens 733
And pays its tax which king demands.
734.
.
It is country which is free from 734
Fierce famine, plague and foemen's harm.
735.
.
Sects and ruinous foes are nil 735
No traitors in a land tranquil.
736.
.
The land of lands no ruin knows 736
Even in grief its wealth yet grows.
737.
.
Waters up and down, hills and streams 737
With strong forts as limbs country beams.
738.
.
Rich yield, delight, defence and wealth 738
Are jewels of lands with blooming health.
739.

A land is land which yields unsought 739
Needing hard work the land is nought.
740.

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.
Though a land has thus every thing 740
It is worthless without a king.
2.3.2
2.3.2 FORTRESS
741.
.
The fort is vital for offence 741
Who fear the foes has its defence.
742.
.
A crystal fount, a space a mount 742
Thick woods form a fort paramount.
743.
.
An ideal fort's so says science: 743
High, broad, strong and hard for access.
744.
.
Ample in space, easy to hold 744
The fort foils enemies bold.
745.
.
Impregnable with stores of food 745
Cosy to live-That fort is good.
746.
.
A fort is full of stores and arms 746
And brave heroes to meet alarms.
747.
.
Besieging foes a fort withstands 747
Darts and mines of treacherous hands.
748.

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.
A fort holds itself and defies 748
The attacks of encircling foes.
749.
.
A fort it is that fells the foes 749
And gains by deeds a name glorious.
750.
.
But a fort however grand 750
Is nil if heroes do not stand.
2.3.3
2.3.3 WAYS OF MAKING WEALTH
751.
.
Naught exists that can, save wealth 751
Make the worthless as men of worth.
752.
.
The have-nothing poor all despise 752
The men of wealth all raise and praise.
753.
.
Waneless wealth is light that goes 753
To every land and gloom removes.
754.
.
The blameless wealth from fairest means 754
Brings good virtue and also bliss.
755.
.
Riches devoid of love and grace 755
Off with it; it is disgrace!
756.

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.
Escheats, derelicts; spoils of war 756
Taxes duties are king's treasure.
757.
.
Grace the child of love is nourished 757
By the wet-nurse of wealth cherished.
758.
.
Treasures in hand fulfil all things 758
Like hill-tuskers the wars of kings.
759.
.
Make wealth; there is no sharper steel 759
The insolence of foes to quell.
760.
.
They have joy and virtue at hand 760
Who acquire treasures abundant.
2.3.4
2.3.4 THE GLORY OF ARMY
761.
.
The daring well-armed winning force 761
Is king's treasure and main resource.
762.
.
Through shots and wounds brave heroes hold 762
Quailing not in fall, the field.
763.
.
Sea-like ratfoes roar ... What if? 763
They perish at a cobra's whiff.
764.

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.
The army guards its genial flame 764
Not crushed, routed nor marred in name.
765.
.
The real army with rallied force 765
Resists even Death-God fierce.
766.
.
Manly army has merits four:- 766
Stately-march, faith, honour, valour.
767.
.
Army sets on to face to foes 767
Knowing how the trend of war goes.
768.
.
Army gains force by grand array 768
Lacking in stay or dash in fray.
769.
.
Army shall win if it is free 769
From weakness, aversion, poverty.
770.
.
With troops in large numbers on rolls 770
Army can't march missing gen'rals.
2.3.5
2.3.5 MILITARY PRIDE
771.
.
Stand not before my chief, O foes! 771
Many who stood, in stones repose.
772.

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.
To lift a lance that missed a tusker 772
Is prouder than shaft that hit a hare.
773.
.
Valour is fight with fierce courage 773
Mercy to the fallen is its edge.
774. e
.
At the tusker he flings his lance 774
One in body smiles another chance.
775.
.
When lances dart if heroes wink 775
"It is a rout" the world will think.
776.
.
The brave shall deem the days as vain 776
Which did not battle-wounds sustain.
777.
.
Their anklets aloud jingle their name 777
Who sacrifice their life for fame.
778.
.
The king may chide, they pursue strife; 778
They fear loss of glory; not life.
779.
.
Who will blame the heroes that lose 779
Their lives in war to keep their vows?
780.
.
Such a death shall be prayed for 780
Which draws the the tears of the ruler.

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ALLIANCE
2.3.6
2.3.6 FRIENDSHIP
781.
.
Like friendship what's so hard to gain? 781
That guards one against acts villain?
782.
.
Good friendship shines like waxing moon, 782
The bad withers like waning moon.
783.
.
Like taste in books good friendship grows 783
The more one moves the more he knows.
784.
.
Not to laugh is friendship made 784
But to hit when faults exceed.
785.
.
No close living nor clasping grip 785
Friendship's feeling heart's fellowship.
786.
.
Friendship is not more smile on face 786
It is the smiling heart's embrace.
787.
.
From ruin friendship saves and shares 787
The load of pain and right path shows.
788.
.
Friendship hastens help in mishaps 788

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Like hands picking up dress that slips.
789.
.
Friendship is enthroned on the strength 789
That always helps with utmost warmth.
790.
.
"Such we are and such they are!" 790
Ev'n this boast will friendship mar.
2.3.7
2.3.7 TESTING FRIENDSHIP
791.
.
Than testless friendship nought is worse 791
For contacts formed will scarcely cease.
792.
.
Friendship made without frequent test 792
Shall end in grief and death at last.
793.
.
Temper, descent, defects and kins 793
Trace well and take companions.
794.
.
Take as good friend at any price 794
The nobly born who shun disgrace.
795.
.
Who make you weep and chide wrong trends 795
And lead you right are worthy friends.
796.
.
Is there a test like misfortune 796

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A rod to measure out kinsmen?
797.
.
Keep off contacts with fools; that is 797
The greatest gain so say the wise.
798.
.
Off with thoughts that depress the heart 798
Off with friends that in woe depart.
799.
.
Friends who betray at ruin's brink 799
Burn our mind ev'n at death to think.
800.
.
The blameless ones as friends embarace; 800
Give something and give up the base.
2.3.8
2.3.8 INTIMACY
801.
.
That friendship is good amity 801
Which restrains not one's liberty.
802.
.
Friendship's heart is freedom close; 802
Wise men's duty is such to please.
803.
.
Of long friendship what is the use 803
Righteous freedom if men refuse?
804.
.
Things done unasked by loving friends 804

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Please the wise as familiar trends!
805.
.
Offence of friends feel it easy 805
As folloy or close intimacy.
806.
.
They forsake not but continue 806
In friendship's bounds though loss ensue.
807.
.
Comrades established in firm love 807
Though ruin comes waive not their vow.
808.
.
Fast friends who list not tales of ill 808
Though wronged they say "that day is well".
809.
.
To love such friends the world desires 809
Whose friendship has unbroken ties.
810.
.
Even foes love for better ends 810
Those who leave not long-standing friends.
2.3.9
2.3.9 BAD FRIENDSHIP
811.
.
Swallowing love of soulless men 811
Had better wane than wax anon.
812.
.
Who fawn in wealth and fail in dearth 812

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Gain or lose; such friends have no worth.
813.
.
Cunning friends who calculate 813
Are like thieves and whores wicked.
814.
.
Better be alone than trust in those 814
That throw in field like faithless horse.
815.
.
Friends low and mean that give no help- 815
Leave them is better than to keep.
816.
.
Million times the wise man's hate 816
Is better than a fool intimate.
817.
.
Ten-fold crore you gain from foes 817
Than from friends who are vain laughers.
818.
.
Without a word those friends eschew 818
Who spoil deeds which they can do.
819.
.
Even in dreams the tie is bad 819
With those whose deed is far from word.
820.
.
Keep aloof from those that smile 820
At home and in public revile.
2.3.10

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2.3.10 FALSE FRIENDSHIP
821.
.
The friendship by an enemy shown 821
Is anvil in time, to strike you down.
822.
.
Who pretend kinship but are not 822
Their friendship's fickle like woman's heart.
823.
.
They may be vast in good studies 823
But heartfelt-love is hard for foes.
824.
.
Fear foes whose face has winning smiles 824
Whose heart is full of cunning guiles.
825.
.
Do not trust in what they tell 825
Whose mind with your mind goes ill.
826.
.
The words of foes is quickly seen 826
Though they speak like friends in fine.
827.
.
Trust not the humble words of foes 827
Danger darts from bending bows.
828.
.
Adoring hands of foes hide arms 828
Their sobbing tears have lurking harms.
829.
.

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In open who praise, at heart despise 829
Cajole and crush them in friendly guise.
830.
.
When foes, in time, play friendship's part 830
Feign love on face but not in heart.
2.3.11
2.3.11 FOLLY
831.
.
This is folly's prominent vein 831
To favour loss and forego gain.
832.
.
Folly of follies is to lead 832
A lewd and lawless life so bad.
833.

Shameless, aimless, callous, listless 833
Such are the marks of foolishness.
834.
.
No fool equals the fool who learns 834
Knows, teaches, but self-control spurns.
835.
.
The fool suffers seven fold hells 835
In single birth of hellish ills.
836.
.
A know-nothing fool daring a deed 836
Not only fails but feels fettered.
837.
.

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Strangers feast and kinsmen fast 837
When fools mishandle fortunes vast.
838.
.
Fools possessing something on hand 838
Like dazed and drunken stupids stand.
839.
.
Friendship with fools is highly sweet 839
For without a groan we part.
840.
.
Entrance of fools where Savants meet 840
Looks like couch trod by unclean feet.
2.3.12
2.3.12 PETTY CONCEIT
841.
.
Want of wisdom is want of wants 841
Want of aught else the world nev'r counts.
842.
.
When fool bestows with glee a gift 842
It comes but by getter's merit.
843.
.
The self-torments of fools exceed 843
Ev'n tortures of their foes indeed.
844.
.
Stupidity is vanity 844
That cries "We have sagacity"
845.
.

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Feigning knowledge that one has not 845
Leads to doubt ev'n that he has got.
846.
.
Fools their nakedness conceal 846
And yet their glaring faults reveal.
847.
.
The fool that slights sacred counsels 847
Upon himself great harm entails.
848.
.
He listens not nor himself knows 848
Plague is his life until it goes.
849.
.
Sans Self-sight in vain one opens Sight 849
To the blind who bet their sight as right.
850.
.
To people's "Yes" who proffer "No" 850
Deemed as ghouls on earth they go.
2.3.13
2.3.13 HATRED
851.
.
Hatred is a plague that divides 851
And rouses illwill on all sides.
852.
.
Rouse not hatred and confusion 852
Though foes provoke disunion.
853.
.

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Shun the plague of enmity 853
And win everlasting glory.
854.
.
Hate-the woe of woes destroy; 854
Then joy of joys you can enjoy.
855.
.
Who can overcome them in glory 855
That are free from enmity?
856.
.
His fall and ruin are quite near 856
Who holds enmity sweet and dear.
857.
.
They cannot see the supreme Truth 857
Who hate and injure without ruth.
858.
.
To turn from enmity is gain 858
Fomenting it brings fast ruin.
859.
.
Fortune favours when hate recedes 859
Hatred exceeding ruin breeds.
860.
.
All evils come from enmity 860
All goodness flow from amity.
2.3.14
2.3.14 NOBLE HOSTILITY
861.
.

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Turn from strife with foes too strong 861
With the feeble for battle long.
862.
.
Loveless, aidless, powerless king 862
Can he withstand an enemy strong?
863.
.
Unskilled, timid, miser, misfit 863
He is easy for foes to hit.
864.
.
The wrathful restive man is prey 864
To any, anywhere any day.
865.
.
Crooked, cruel, tactless and base 865
Any foe can fell him with ease.
866.
.
Blind in rage and mad in lust 866
To have his hatred is but just.
867.
.
Pay and buy his enmity 867
Who muddles chance with oddity.
868.
.
With no virtue but full of vice 868
He loses friends and delights foes.
869.
.
The joy of heroes knows no bounds 869
When timid fools are opponents.
870.

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.
Glory's light he will not gain 870
Who fails to fight a fool and win.
2.3.15
2.3.15 APPRAISING ENEMIES
871.
.
Let not one even as a sport 871
The ill-natured enmity court.
872.
.
Incur the hate of bow-ploughers 872
But not the hate of word-ploughers.
873.
.
Forlorn, who rouses many foes 873
The worst insanity betrays.
874.
.
This world goes safely in his grace 874
Whose heart makes friends even of foes.
875.
.
Alone, if two foes you oppose 875
Make one of them your ally close.
876.
.
Trust or distrust; during distress 876
Keep aloof; don't mix with foes.
877.
.
To those who know not, tell not your pain 877
Nor your weakness to foes explain.
878.

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.
Know how and act and defend well 878
The pride of enemies shall fall.
879.
.
Cut off thorn-trees when young they are; 879
Grown hard, they cut your hands beware.
880.
.
To breathe on earth they are not fit 880
Defying foes who don't defeat.
2.3.16
2.3.16 SECRET FOE
881.
.
Traitorous kinsmen will make you sad 881
As water and shade do harm when bad.
882.
.
You need not sword-like kinsmen fear 882
Fear foes who feign as kinsmen dear.
883.
.
The secret foe in days evil 883
Will cut you, beware, like potters' steel.
884.
.
The evil-minded foe within 884
Foments trouble, spoils kinsmen!
885.
.
A traitor among kinsmen will 885
Bring life-endangering evil.
886.

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.
Discord in kings' circle entails 886
Life-destroying deadly evils.
887.
.
A house hiding hostiles in core 887
Just seems on like the lid in jar.
888.
.
By secret spite the house wears out 888
Like gold crumbling by file's contact.
889.
.
Ruin lurks in enmity 889
As slit in sesame though it be.
890.
.
Dwell with traitors that hate in heart 890
Is dwelling with snake in selfsame hut.
2.3.17
2.3.17 OFFEND NOT THE GREAT
891.
.
Not to spite the mighty ones 891
Safest safeguard to living brings.
892.
.
To walk unmindful of the great 892
Shall great troubles ceaseless create.
893.
.
Heed not and do, if ruin you want 893
Offence against the mighty great.
894.

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.
The weak who insult men of might 894
Death with their own hands invite.
895.
.
Where can they go and thrive where 895
Pursued by powerful monarch's ire?
896.
.
One can escape in fire caught 896
The great who offends escapes not.
897.
.
If holy mighty sages frown 897
Stately gifts and stores who can own?
898.
.
When hill-like sages are held small 898
The firm on earth lose home and all.
899.
.
Before the holy sage's rage 899
Ev'n Indra's empire meets damage.
900.
.
Even mighty aided men shall quail 900
If the enraged holy seers will.
2.3.18
2.3.18 BEING LED BY WOMEN
901.
.
Who dote on wives lose mighty gain 901
That lust, dynamic men disdain.
902.

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.
Who dotes, unmanly, on his dame 902
His wealth to him and all is shame.
903.
.
Who's servile to his wife always 903
Shy he feels before the wise.
904.
.
Fearing his wife salvationless 904
The weaklings' action has no grace.
905.
.
Who fears his wife fears always 905
Good to do to the good and wise.
906.
.
Who fear douce arms of their wives 906
Look petty even with god-like lives.
907.
.
Esteemed more is women bashful 907
Than man servile unto her will.
908.
.
By fair-browed wives who are governed 908
Help no friends nor goodness tend.
909.
.
No virtue riches nor joy is seen 909
In those who submit to women.
910.
.
Thinkers strong and broad of heart 910
By folly on fair sex do not dote.

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2.3.19
2.3.19 WANTON WOMEN
911.
.
For gold, not love their tongue cajoles 911
Men are ruined by bangled belles.
912.
.
Avoid ill-natured whores who feign 912
Love only for their selfish gain.
913.
.
The false embrace of whores is like 913
That of a damned corpse in the dark.
914.
.
The wise who seek the wealth of grace 914
Look not for harlots' low embrace.
915.
.
The lofty wise will never covet 915
The open charms of a vile harlot.
916.
.
Those who guard their worthy fame 916
Shun the wanton's vaunting charm.
917.
.
Hollow hearts alone desire 917
The arms of whores with hearts elsewere.
918.
.
Senseless fools are lured away 918
By arms of sirens who lead astray.

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919.
.
The soft jewelled arms of whores are hell 919
Into which the degraded fall.
920
.
Double-minded whores, wine and dice 920
Are lures of those whom fortune flies.
2.3.20
2.3.20 NOT DRINKING LIQUOR
921.
.
Foes fear not who for toddy craze 921
The addicts daily their glory lose.
922.
.
Drink not liquor; but let them drink 922
Whom with esteem the wise won't think.
923.
.
The drunkard's joy pains ev'n mother's face 923
How vile must it look for the wise?
924.
.
Good shame turns back from him ashamed 924
Who is guilty of wine condemned.
925.
.
To pay and drink and lose the sense 925
Is nothing but rank ignorance.
926.
.
They take poison who take toddy 926
And doze ev'n like a dead body.

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927.
.
The secret drunkards' senses off 927
Make the prying public laugh.
928.
.
Don't say "I'm not a drunkard hard" 928
The hidden fraud is known abroad.
929.
.
Can torch search one in water sunk? 929
Can reason reach the raving drunk?
930.
.
The sober seeing the drunkard's plight 930
On selves can't they feel same effect?
2.3.21
2.3.21 GAMBLING
931.
.
Avoid gambling, albeit you win 931
Gulping bait-hook what does fish gain?
932.
.
Can gamblers in life good obtain 932
Who lose a hundred one to gain?
933.
.
If kings indulge in casting dice 933
All their fortune will flow to foes.
934.
.
Nothing will make you poor like game 934
Which adds to woes and ruins fame.

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935.
.
The game, game-hall and gambler's art 935
Who sought with glee have come to nought.
936.
.
Men swallowed by the ogress, dice 936
Suffer grief and want by that vice.
937.
.
If men their time in game-den spend 937
Ancestral wealth and virtues end.
938.
.
Game ruins wealth and spoils grace 938
Leads to lies and wretched woes.
939.
.
Dress, wealth, food, fame, learning-these five 939
In gambler's hand will never thrive.
940.
.
Love for game grows with every loss 940
As love for life with sorrows grows.
2.3.22
2.3.22 MEDICINE
941.
.
Wind, bile and phlegm three cause disease 941
So doctors deem it more or less.
942.
.
After digestion one who feeds 942
His body no medicine needs.

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943.
.
Eat food to digestive measure 943
Life in body lasts with pleasure.
944.
.
Know digestion; with keen appetite 944
Eat what is suitable and right.
945.
.
With fasting adjusted food right 945
Cures ills of life and makes you bright
946.
.
Who eats with clean stomach gets health 946
With greedy glutton abides ill-health.
947.
.
who glut beyond the hunger's fire 947
Suffer from untold diseases here.
948.
.
Test disease, its cause and cure 948
And apply remedy that is sure.
949.
.
Let the skilful doctor note 949
The sickmen, sickness, season and treat.
950.
.
Patient, doctor, medicine and nurse 950
Are four-fold codes of treating course.

2.4

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[MISCELLANEOUS]
2.4.1
2.4.1 NOBILITY
951.
.
Right-sense and bashfulness adorn 951
By nature only the noble-born.
952.
.
The noble-born lack not these three: 952
Good conduct, truth and modesty.
953.
.
Smile, gift, sweet words and courtesy 953
These four mark true nobility.
954.
.
Even for crores, the noble mood 954
Cannot bend to degrading deed.
955.
.
The means of gift may dwindle; yet 955
Ancient homes guard their noble trait.
956.
.
Who guard their family prestige pure 956
Stoop not to acts of cunning lure.
957.
.
The faults of nobly-born are seen 957
Like on the sky the spots of moon.
958.
.
If manners of the good are rude 958
People deem their pedigree crude.

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959.
.
Soil's nature is seen in sprout 959
The worth of birth from words flow out.
960.
.
All gain good name by modesty 960
Nobility by humility.
2.4.2
2.4.2 HONOUR
961.
.
Though needed for your life in main, 961
From mean degrading acts refrain.
962.
.
Who seek honour and manly fame 962
Don't do mean deeds even for name.
963.
.
Be humble in prosperity 963
In decline uphold dignity.
964.
.
Like hair fallen from head are those 964
Who fall down from their high status.
965.
.
Even hill-like men will sink to nought 965
With abrus-grain-like small default.
966.
.
Why fawn on men that scorn you here 966
It yields no fame, heaven's bliss neither.

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967.
.
Better it is to die forlorn 967
Than live as slaves of those who scorn.
968.
.
Is nursing body nectar sweet 968
Even when one's honour is lost?
969.
.
Honour lost, the noble expire 969
Like a yak that loses its hair.
970.
.
Their light the world adores and hails 970
Who will not live when honour fails.
2.4.3
2.4.3 GREATNESS
971.
.
A heart of courage lives in light 971
Devoid of that one's life is night.
972.
.
All beings are the same in birth 972
But work decides their varied worth.
973.
.
Ignoble high not high they are 973
The noble low not low they fare.
974.
.
Greatness like woman's chastity 974
Is guarded by self-varacity.

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975.
.
Great souls when their will is active 975
Do mighty deeds rare to achieve.
976.
.
The petty-natured ones have not 976
The mind to seek and befriend the great.
977.
.
The base with power and opulence 977
Wax with deeds of insolence.
978.
.
Greatness bends with modesty 978
Meanness vaunts with vanity.
979.
.
Greatness is free from insolence 979
Littleness swells with that offence.
980.
.
Weakness of others greatness screens 980
Smallness defects alone proclaims.
2.4.4
2.4.4 SUBLIMITY
981.
.
All goodness is duty to them 981
Who are dutiful and sublime.
982.
.
Good in the great is character 982
Than that there is nothing better.

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983.
.
Love, truth, regard, modesty, grace 983
These five are virtue's resting place.
984.
.
Not to kill is penance pure 984
Not to slander virtue sure.
985.
.
Humility is valour's strength 985
A force that averts foes at length.
986.
.
To bear repulse e'en from the mean 986
Is the touch-stone of worthy men.
987.
.
Of perfection what is the gain 987
If it returns not joy for pain?
988.
.
No shame there is in poverty 988
To one strong in good quality.
989.
.
Aeons may change but not the seer 989
Who is a sea of virtue pure.
990.
.
The world will not more bear its weight 990
If from high virtue fall the great.
2.4.5
2.4.5 COURTESY

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991.
.
To the polite free of access 991
Easily comes courteousness.
992.
.
Humanity and noble birth 992
Develop courtesy and moral worth.
993.
.
Likeness in limbs is not likeness 993
It's likeness in kind courteousness.
994.
.
The world applauds those helpful men 994
Whose actions are just and benign.
995.
.
The courteous don't even foes detest 995
For contempt offends even in jest.
996.
.
The world rests with the mannered best 996
Or it crumbles and falls to dust.
997.
.
The mannerless though sharp like file 997
Are like wooden blocks indocile.
998.
.
Discourtesy is mean indeed 998
E'en to a base unfriendly breed.
999.
.
To those bereft of smiling light 999

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Even in day the earth is night.
1000.
.
The wealth heaped by the churlish base 1000
Is pure milk soured by impure vase.
2.4.6
2.4.6 FUTILE WEALTH
1001.
.
Dead is he with wealth in pile 1001
Unenjoyed, it is futile.
1002.
.
The niggard miser thinks wealth is all 1002
He hoards, gives not is born devil.
1003.
.
A burden he is to earth indeed 1003
Who hoards without a worthy deed.
1004.
.
What legacy can he leave behind 1004
Who is for approach too unkind.
1005.
.
What is the good of crores they hoard 1005
To give and enjoy whose heart is hard.
1006.
.
Great wealth unused for oneself nor 1006
To worthy men is but a slur.
1007.
.
Who loaths to help have-nots, his gold 1007

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Is like a spinster-belle grown old.
1008.
.
The idle wealth of unsought men 1008
Is poison-fruit-tree amidst a town.
1009.
.
Others usurp the shining gold 1009
In loveless, stingy, vicious hold.
1010.
.
The brief want of the rich benign 1010
Is like rainclouds growing thin.
2.4.7
2.4.7 SENSITIVENESS TO SHAME
1011.
.
To shrink from evil deed is shame 1011
The rest is blush of fair-faced dame.
1012.
.
Food, dress and such are one for all 1012
Modesty marks the higher soul.
1013.
.
All lives have their lodge in flesh 1013
Perfection has its home in blush.
1014.
.
Shame is the jewel of dignity 1014
Shameless swagger is vanity.
1015.
.
In them resides the sense of shame 1015

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Who blush for their and other's blame.
1016.
.
The great refuse the wonder-world 1016
Without modesty's hedge and shield.
1017.
.
For shame their life the shame-sensed give 1017
Loss of shame they won't outlive.
1018.
.
Virtue is much ashamed of him 1018
Who shameless does what others shame.
1019.
.
Lapse in manners injures the race 1019
Want of shame harms every good grace.
1020.
.
Movements of the shameless in heart 1020
Are string-led puppet show in fact.
2.4.8
2.4.8 PROMOTING FAMILY WELFARE
1021.
.
No greatness is grander like 1021
Saying "I shall work without slack".
1022.
.
These two exalt a noble home 1022
Ardent effort and ripe wisdom.
1023.
.
When one resolves to raise his race 1023

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Loin girt up God leads his ways.
1024.
.
Who raise their races with ceaseless pain 1024
No need for plan; their ends will gain.
1025.
.
Who keeps his house without a blame 1025
People around, his kinship claim.
1026.
.
Who raise their race which gave them birth 1026
Are deemed as men of manly worth.
1027.
.
Like dauntless heroes in battle field 1027
The home-burden rests on the bold.
1028.
.
No season have they who raise their race 1028
Sloth and pride will honour efface.
1029.
.
Is not his frame a vase for woes 1029
Who from mishaps shields his house?
1030.
.
A house will fall by a mishap 1030
With no good man to prop it up.
2.4.9
2.4.9 FARMING
1031.
.
Farming though hard is foremost trade 1031

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Men ply at will but ploughmen lead.
1032.
.
Tillers are linch-pin of mankind 1032
Bearing the rest who cannot tend.
1033.
.
They live who live to plough and eat 1033
The rest behind them bow and eat.
1034.
.
Who have the shade of cornful crest 1034
Under their umbra umbrellas rest.
1035.
.
Who till and eat, beg not; nought hide 1035
But give to those who are in need.
1036.
.
Should ploughmen sit folding their hands 1036
Desire-free monks too suffer wants.
1037.
.
Moulds dried to quarter-dust ensure 1037
Rich crops without handful manure.
1038.
.
Better manure than plough; then weed; 1038
Than irrigating, better guard.
1039.
.
If landsmen sit sans moving about 1039
The field like wife will sulk and pout.
1040.
.

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Fair good earth will laugh to see 1040
Idlers pleading poverty.
2.4.10
1041.
.
What gives more pain than scarcity? 1041
No pain pinches like poverty.
1042.
.
The sinner Want is enemy dire 1042
Of joys of earth and heaven there.
1043.
.
The craving itch of poverty 1043
Kills graceful words and ancestry.
1044.
.
Want makes even good familymen 1044
Utter words that are low and mean.
1045.
.
The pest of wanton poverty 1045
Brings a train of misery.
1046.
.
The poor men's words are thrown away 1046
Though from heart good things they say.
1047.
.
Even the mother looks as stranger 1047
The poor devoid of character.
1048.
.

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The killing Want of yesterday 1048
Will it pester me even to-day?
1049.
.
One may sleep in the midst of fire 1049
In want a wink of sleep is rare.
1050.
.
Renounce their lives the poor must 1050
Or salt and gruel go to waste.
2.4.11
2.4.11 ASKING
1051.
.
Demand from those who can supply 1051
Default is theirs when they deny.
1052.
.
Even demand becomes a joy 1052
When the things comes without annoy.
1053.
.
Request has charm form open hearts 1053
Who know the duty on their part.
1054.
.
Like giving even asking seems 1054
From those who hide not even in dreams.
1055.
.
The needy demand for help because 1055
The world has men who don't refuse.
1056.
.

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The pain of poverty shall die 1056
Before the free who don't deny.
1057.
.
When givers without scorn impart 1057
A thrill of delight fills the heart.
1058.
.
This grand cool world shall move to and fro 1058
Sans Askers like a puppet show.
1059.
.
Where stands the glory of givers 1059
Without obligation seekers?
1060.
.
The needy should not scowl at "No" 1060
His need another's need must show.
* Saint valluvar talks of two kinds of Asking:(1) Asking help for public causes or enterprises.
(2) Begging when one is able to work and this is condemned.
2.4.12
2.4.12 DREAD OF BEGGARY
1061.
.
Not to beg is billions worth 1061
E'en from eye-like friends who give with mirth.
1062.
.
Let World-Maker loiter and rot 1062
If "beg and live" be human fate.
1063.
.
Nothing is hard like hard saying 1063
"We end poverty by begging".

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1064.
.
All space is small before the great 1064
Who beg not e'en in want acute.
1065.
.
Though gruel thin, nothing is sweet 1065
Like the food earned by labour's sweat.
1066.
.
It may be water for the cow 1066
Begging tongue is mean anyhow.
1067.
.
If beg they must I beg beggers 1067
Not to beg from shrinking misers.
1068.
.
The hapless bark of beggary splits 1068
On the rock of refusing hits.
1069.
.
The heart at thought of beggars melts; 1069
It dies at repulsing insults.
1070.
.
The word "No" kills the begger's life 1070
Where can the niggard's life be safe?
2.4.13
2.4.13 MEANNESS.
1071.
.
The mean seem men only in form 1071
We have never seen such a sham.

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1072.
.
The base seem richer than the good 1072
For no care enters their heart or head.
1073.
.
The base are like gods; for they too 1073
As prompted by their desire do.
1074.
.
When the base meets a rake so vile 1074
Him he will exceed, exult and smile.
1075.
.
Fear forms the conduct of the low 1075
Craving avails a bit below.
1076.
.
The base are like the beaten drum 1076
Since other's secrets they proclaim.
1077.
.
The base their damp hand will not shake 1077
But for fists clenched their jaws to break.
1078.
.
The good by soft words profits yield 1078
The cane-like base when crushed and killed.
1079.
.
Faults in others the mean will guess 1079
On seeing how they eat and dress.
1080.
.
The base hasten to sell themselves 1080

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From doom to flit and nothing else.

----------------------------3.
3. Nature of Love
3.1
3.1 ON SECRET MARRIAGE
3.1.1
3.1.1 Beauty's Dart
1081.
.
Is it an angel? A fair peacock 1081
Or jewelled belle? To my mind a shock!
1082.
.
The counter glances of this belle 1082
Are armied dart of the Love-Angel.
1083.
.
Not known before - I spy Demise 1083
In woman's guise with battling eyes.
1084.
.
This artless dame has darting eyes 1084
That drink the life of men who gaze.
1085.
.
Is it death, eye or doe? All three 1085
In winsome woman's look I see.
1086.
.
If cruel brows unbent, would screen 1086

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Her eyes won't cause me trembling pain.
1087.
.
Vest on the buxom breast of her 1087
Looks like rutting tusker's eye-cover.
1088.
.
Ah these fair brows shatter my might 1088
Feared by foemen yet to meet.
1089.
.
Which jewel can add to her beauty 1089
With fawn-like looks and modesty?
1090.
.
To the drunk alone is wine delight 1090
Nothing delights like love at sight.
3.1.2
3.1.2 Signs Speak the Heart
1091.
.
Her painted eyes, two glances dart 1091
One hurts; the other heals my heart.
1092.
.
Her furtive lightning glance is more 1092
Than enjoyment of sexual lore.
1093.
.
She looked; looking bowed her head 1093
And love-plant was with water fed.
1094.
.
I look; she droops to earth awhile 1094

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I turn; she looks with gentle smile.
1095.
.
No direct gaze; a side-long glance 1095
She darts at me and smiles askance.
1096.
.
Their words at first seem an offence 1096
But quick we feel them friendly ones.
1097.
.
Harsh little words; offended looks, 1097
Are feigned consenting love-lorn tricks.
1098.
.
What a grace the slim maid has! 1098
As I look she slightly smiles.
1099.
.
Between lovers we do discern 1099
A stranger's look of unconcern.
1100.
.
The words of mouth are of no use 1100
When eye to eye agrees the gaze.
3.1.3
3.1.3 Embrace-Bliss
1101.
.
In this bangled beauty dwell 1101
The joys of sight sound touch taste smell.
1102.
.
The cure for ailment is somewhere 1102

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For fair maid's ill she is the cure.
1103.
.
Is lotus-eyed lord's heaven so sweet 1103
As sleep in lover's arms so soft?
1104.
.
Away it burns and cools anear 1104
Wherefrom did she get this fire?
1105.
.
The arms of my flower-tressed maid 1105
Whatever I wish that that accord.
1106.
.
My simple maid has nectar arms 1106
Each embrace brings life-thrilling charms.
1107.
.
Ah the embrace of this fair dame 1107
Is like sharing one's food at home.
1108.
.
Joy is the fast embrace that doth 1108
Not admit e'en air between both.
1109.
.
Sulking, feeling and clasping fast 1109
These three are sweets of lover's tryst.
1110.
.
As knowledge reveals past ignorance 1110
So is the belle as love gets close.
3.1.4

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3.1.4 Beauty Extolled
1111.
.
Soft blessed anicha flower, hail 1111
On whom I dote is softer still.
1112.
.
You can't liken flowers by many eyed, 1112
To her bright eyes, O mind dismayed.
1113.
.
The bamboo-shouldered has pearl-like smiles 1113
Fragrant breath and lance-like eyes.
1114.
.
Lily droops down to ground and says 1114
I can't equal the jewelled-one's eyes.
1115.
.
Anicha flower with stem she wears 1115
To her breaking waist sad-drum-blares!
1116.
.
Stars are confused to know which is 1116
The moon and which is woman's face.
1117.
.
Are there spots on the lady's face 1117
Just as in moon that changes phase?
1118.
.
Like my lady's face if you shine 1118
All my love to you; hail O moon!
1119.
.

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Like the face of my flower-eyed one 1119
If you look, then shine alone O moon!
1120.
.
The soft flower and the swan's down are 1120
Like nettles to the feet of the fair.
3.1.5
3.1.5 Love's Excellence
He
1121.
.
Like milk and honey the dew is sweet 1121
From her white teeth whose word is soft.
1122.
.
Love between me and this lady 1122
Is like bond between soul and body.
1123.
.
Depart image in my pupil 1123
Giving room to my fair-browed belle!
1124.
.
Life with my jewel is existence 1124
Death it is her severance.
1125.
.
Can I forget? I recall always 1125
The charms of her bright battling eyes.
She
1126.
.
So subtle is my lover's form 1126
Ever in my eyes winking, no harm.

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1127.
.
My lover in my eyes abides 1127
I paint them not lest he hides.
1128.
.
My lover abides in my heart 1128
I fear hot food lest he feels hot.
1129.
.
My eyes wink not lest he should hide 1129
And him as cruel the townsmen chide.
1130.
.
He abides happy in my heart 1130
But people mistake he is apart.
3.1.6
3.1.6 Decorum Defied
He
1131.
.
Pangs of passion find no recourse 1131
Except riding *`palmyra horse'.
* Palmyra horse or 'Madal' is a torture expressive of
the burning passion of the lover to the beloved.
The lover's body is laid on a rough pricking palmyra
bed and he is carried along the street with songs of
love pangs. The parents of the lovers first reproach
them and then consent to their marriage.
1132.
.
Pining body and mind lose shame 1132
And take to riding of the palm.
1133.
.

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Once I was modest and manly 1133
My love has now Madal only.
1134.
.
Rushing flood of love sweeps away 1134
The raft of shame and firmness, aye!
1135.
.
Palm-ride and pangs of eventide 1135
Are gifts of wreath-like bracelet maid.
1136.
.
Madal I ride at midnight for 1136
My eyes sleep not seeing this fair.
1137.
.
Her sea-like lust seeks not Madal! 1137
Serene is woman's self control.
She
1138.
.
Lust betrays itself in haste 1138
Though women are highly soft and chaste.
1139.
.
My perplexed love roves public street 1139
Believing that none knows its secret.
1140.
.
Fools laugh at me before my eyes 1140
For they feel not my pangs and sighs.
3.1.7
3.1.7 Public Clamour
He

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1141.
.
Rumour sustains my existence 1141
Good luck! many know not its sense.
1142.
.
Rumour gives me the flower-like belle 1142
People know not what rare angel.
1143.
.
I profit by this public rumour 1143
Having not, I feel, I have her.
1144.
.
Rumour inflames the love I seek 1144
Or else it becomes bleak and weak.
1145.
.
Drink delights as liquor flows 1145
Love delights as rumour grows.
She
1146.
.
One lasting day we met alone 1146
Lasting rumours eclipse our moon.
1147.
.
Scandal manures; mother's refrain 1147
Waters the growth of this love-pain.
1148.
.
To quench the lust by rumour free 1148
Is to quench fire by pouring ghee.
1149.
.
Who said "fear not" flared up rumour 1149

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Why then should I blush this clamour?
1150.
.
Town raising this cry, I desire 1150
Consent is easy from my sire.

3.2
3.2 CHASTE WEDDED LOVE
3.2..1
3.2.1 Pangs of Separation
1151.
.
Tell me if you but do not leave, 1151
Your quick return to those who live.
1152.
.
His sight itself was pleasing, near 1152
Embrace pains now by partings fear.
1153.
.
On whom shall I lay my trust hence 1153
While parting lurks in knowing ones?
1154.
.
He parts whose love told me - fear not 1154
Is my trust in him at default?
1155.
.
Stop his parting - my life to save 1155
Meeting is rare if he would leave.
1156.
.
His hardness says, "I leave you now" 1156

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Is there hope of his renewed love?
1157.
.
Will not my gliding bangles' cry 1157
The parting of my lord betray?
1158.
.
Bitter is life in friendless place; 1158
Worse is parting love's embrace!
1159.
.
Can fire that burns by touch burn like 1159
Parting of the hearts love-sick?
1160.
.
Many survive pangs of parting 1160
Not I this sore so distressing.
3.2.2
3.2.2 Wailing of Pining Love
1161.
.
It swells out like baled out spring 1161
How to bear this pain so writhing?
1162.
.
I can't conceal this nor complain 1162
For shame to him who caused this pain.
1163.
.
In life - poles of this wearied frame 1163
Are poised the weights of lust and shame.
1164.
.
My lust is a sea; I do not see 1164

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A raft to go across safely.
1165.
.
What wilt they prove when they are foes 1165
Who in friendship bring me woes!
1166.
.
The pleasure in love is oceanful 1166
But its pangs are more painful.
1167.
.
Wild waves of love I swim shoreless 1167
Pining alone in midnight hush.
1168.
.
Night's mercy lulls all souls to sleep 1168
Keeping but me for companionship.
1169.
.
Crueller than that cruel he 1169
Are midnight hours gliding slowly.
1170.
.
Like heart, if my sight reaches him 1170
It won't in floods of tears swim!
3.2.3
3.2.3 Wasteful Look for Wistful Love
1171.
.
The eye pointed him to me; why then 1171
They weep with malady and pine?
1172.
?
Why should these dyed eyes grieve now sans 1172

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Regrets for their thoughtless glance?
1173.
.
Eyes darted eager glance that day 1173
It's funny that they weep today.
1174.
.
These eyes left me to endless grief 1174
Crying adry without relief.
1175.
.
My eyes causing lust more than sea 1175
Suffer that torture sleeplessly.
1176.
.
Lo! eyes that wrought this love-sickness 1176
Are victims of the same themselves.
1177.
.
Let tears dry up pining pining 1177
In eyes that eyed him longing longing.
1178.
.
Ther's he whose lips loved, not his heart 1178
Yet my eyes pine seeing him not.
1179.
.
He comes; no sleep; he goes; no sleep 1179
This is the fate of eyes that weep.
1180.
.
Like drum beats eyes declare my heart; 1180
From people who could hide his secret?
3.2.4

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3.2.4 Wailing over Pallor
1181.
.
My lover's parting, I allowed 1181
Whom to complain my hue pallid?
1182.
.
Claiming it is begot through him 1182
Pallor creeps and rides over my frame.
1183.
.
He seized my beauty and modesty 1183
Leaving pangs and Pallor to me.
1184.
.
He is my thought, his praise my theme 1184
Yet this pallor steals over my frame.
1185.
.
My lover departed me there 1185
And pallor usurped my body here.
1186.
.
Just as darkness waits for light-off 1186
Pallor looks for lover's arms-off.
1187.
.
From his embrace I turned a nonce 1187
This pallor swallowed me at once.
1188.
.
On my pallor they cast a slur 1188
But none says "lo he parted her".
1189.
.

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Let all my body become pale 1189
If he who took my leave fares well.
1190.
.
Let people call me all pallid 1190
But my lover let them not deride.
3.2.6
3.2.6 Pining Alone
1191.
.
Stoneless fruit of love they have 1191
Who are beloved by those they love.
1192.
.
The lover-and-beloved's self-givings 1192
Are like rains to living beings.
1193.
.
The pride of living is for those 1193
Whose love is returned by love so close.
1194.
.
Whose love is void of love in turn 1194
Are luckless with all esteems they earn.
1195.
.
What can our lover do us now 1195
If he does not requite our love?
1196.
.
One sided pains; love in both souls 1196
Poises well like shoulder poles.
1197.
.

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This cupid aims at me alone; 1197
Knows he not my pallor and pain?
1198.
.
None is so firm as she who loves 1198
Without kind words from whom she dotes.
1199.
.
The lover accords not my desires 1199
And yet his words sweeten my ears.
1200.
.
You tell your grief to listless he 1200
Bless my heart! rather fill up sea!
3.2.7
3.2.7 Sad Memories
1201.
.
Love is sweeter than wine; for vast 1201
Is its delight at very thought.
1202.
.
Pains are off at the lover's thought 1202
In all aspects this love is sweet.
1203.
.
To sneeze I tried hence but could not 1203
Me he tried to think but did not.
1204.
.
Have I a place within his heart? 1204
Ah from mine he will never depart.
1205.
.

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Shame! My heart often he enters 1205
Banning me entry into his.
1206.
.
Beyond the thought of life with him 1206
What else of life can I presume?
1207.
.
What will happen if I forget 1207
When his memory burns my heart?
1208.
.
I bring him to ceaseless memory 1208
He chides not; and thus honours me.
1209.
.
Dear life ebbs away by thought 1209
Of him who said we are one heart.
1210.
.
Hail moon! Set not so that I find 1210
Him who left me but not my mind.
3.2.8
3.2.8 Dream Visions
She
1211.
.
How shall I feast this dream-vision 1211
That brings the beloved's love-mission?
1212.
.
I beg these fish-like dark eyes sleep 1212
To tell my lover how life I keep.
1213.

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.
In wakeful hours who sees me not 1213
I meet in dreams and linger yet.
1214.
.
In dreams I enjoy his love-bliss 1214
Who in wakeful hours I miss.
1215.
.
Dream-sight of him delights at once 1215
Awake- What of seeing him -hence.
1216.
.
If wakeful hours come to nought 1216
My lov'r in dreams would nev'r depart.
1217.
?
Awake he throws my overtures 1217
Adream, ah cruel! he tortures!
1218.
.
Asleep he embraces me fast; 1218
Awake he enters quick my heart.
1219.
.
In dreams who don't discern lovers 1219
Rue their missing in wakeful hours.
1220.
.
The townsmen say he left me thus 1220.
In dreams failing to see him close.
3.2.9
3.2.9 Eventide Sigh
She

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1221.
.
Bless you! you are not eventide 1221
But killing dart to wedded bride!
1222.
?
Hail sad eventide dim and grim 1222
Has your mate like mine, cruel whim!
1223.
.
Wet eve came pale and trembling then 1223
Now it makes bold with growing pain.
1224.
.
Lover away, comes eventide 1224
Like slayer to field of homicide.
1225. ?
?
What good have I done to morning 1225
And what evil to this evening?
1226.
.
Evening pangs I have not known 1226
When my lord nev'r left me alone.
1227.
.
Budding at dawn burgeoning all day 1227
This disease blooms in evening gay.
1228.
.
A deadly arm, this shepherd's flute 1228
Hails flaming eve and slays my heart.
1229.
.
Deluding eve if it prolongs 1229
The whole town will suffer love-pangs.

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1230.
.
Thinking of him whose quest is wealth 1230
My life outlives the twilight stealth.
3..2.10
3.2.10 Limbs Languish
Maid Tells Her
1231.
.
To lift from want he left me afar 1231
His thought makes my eyes blush the flower.
1232.
.
My pale tearful eyes betray 1232
The hardness of my husband, away.
1233.
.
These arms that swelled on nuptial day 1233
Now shrunk proclaim "He is away".
1234.
.
Bracelets slip off the arms that have 1234
Lost old beauty for He took leave.
1235.
.
Bereft of bracelets and old beauty 1235
Arms tell the cruel's cruelty.
She
1236.

Arms thin, armlets loose make you call 1236
My sire cruel; that pains my soul.
1237.
.

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Go and tell the cruel, O mind 1237
Bruit ov'r my arms and glory find.
He
1238.
.
The front of this fair one O paled 1238
As my clasping arms loosed their hold.
1239.
.
Cool breeze crept between our embrace 1239
Her large rain-cloud-eyes paled at once.
1240.
.
Pale eyes pained seeing the pallor 1240
Of the bright forehead of this fair.
3.2.11
3.2.11 Soliloquy
1241.
.
Think of, O heart, some remedy 1241
To cure this chronic malady.
1242.
.
Bless O mind! you pine in vain 1242
For me he has no love serene.
1243.
.
O mind, why pine and sit moody? 1243
Who made you so pale lacks pity.
1244.
.
Take these eyes and meet him, O heart 1244
Or their hunger will eat me out.
1245.

... Page Bharathiar
157 of 167
.
He spurns our love and yet, O mind, 1245
Can we desert him as unkind?
1246.
.
Wrath is false, O heart, face-to face. 1246
Sans huff, you rush to his sweet embrace.
1247.
.
Off with love O mind, or shame 1247
I cannot endure both of them.
1248.
.
Without pity he would depart! 1248
You sigh and seek his favour, poor heart!
1249.
.
The lover lives in Self you know; 1249
Whom you think, mind to whom you go?
1250.
.
Without a thought he deserted us 1250
To think of him will make us worse.
3.2.12
3.2.12 Reserve Lost!
She
1251.
.
Passion's axe shall break the door 1251
Of reserve bolted with my honour.
1252.
.
The thing called lust is a heartless power 1252
It sways my mind at midnight hour.

... Page Bharathiar
158 of 167
1253.
.
How to hide this lust which shows 1253
Itself while I sneeze unawares!
1254.
.
I was proud of my sex-reserve 1254
Lo lust betrays what I preserve.
1255.
.
Dignity seeks not a deserter 1255
But Love-sick is its innovator.
1256.
.
O Grief, my deserter you seek 1256
Of your caprice what shall I speak!
1257.
.
When lover's love does what it desires 1257
We forget all shame unawares.
1258.
.
The cheater of many wily arts 1258
His tempting words break through women's hearts.
1259.
.
In huff I went and felt at ease 1259
Heat to heart in sweet embrace.
1260.
.
To feign dislike is it not rare 1260
For mates who melt like fat in fire?
3.2.13
3.2.13 Mutual Yearning

... Page Bharathiar
159 of 167
She
1261.
.
My eyes are dim lustre-bereft 1261
Worn fingers count days since he left.
1262.
.
Beauty pales and my bracelets slide; 1262
Why not forget him now, bright maid?
1263.
.
Will as guide he went to win 1263
Yet I live-to see him again.
1264.
.
My heart in rapture heaves to see 1264
His retun with love to embrace me.
1265.
.
Let me but gaze and gaze my spouse 1265
sallow on my soft shoulders files.
1266.
.
Let my spouse return just a day 1266
Joy-drink shall drive my pain away.
1267.
?
If my eye-like lord returneth 1267
Shall I sulk or clasp or do both?
He
1268.
.
May the king fight and win and give 1268
And with my wife I will feast this eve!
1269.
.

... Page Bharathiar
160 of 167
One day seems as seven to those 1269
Who yearn return of distant spouse.
1270.
.
When her heart is broken, what is 1270
The good of meeting and love-embrace?
3.2.14
3.2.14 Feeling Surmised
He to Her
1271.
.
You hide; but your painted eyes 1271
Restraint off, report your surmise.
1272.
.
With seemly grace and stem-like arms 1272
The simple she has ample charms.
1273.
.
Something shines through her jewelled charm 1273
Like thread shining through wreathed gem.
1274.
.
Like scent in bud secrets conceal 1274
In the bosom of her half smile.
1275.
.
The close-bangled belle's hidden thought 1275
Has a cure for my troubled heart.
She to Her Maid
1276.
.
His over-kind close embrace sooths; 1276
But makes me feel, loveless, he parts.

... Page Bharathiar
161 of 167
1277.
.
Quick, my bracelets read before 1277
The mind of my lord of cool shore.
1278.
.
My lover parted but yesterday; 1278
With sallowness it is seventh day.
The Maid Tells Him
1279.
.
She views her armlets, her tender arms 1279
And then her feet; these are her norms.
1280.
.
To express love-pangs by eyes and pray 1280
Is womanhood's womanly way.
3.2.15
3.2.15 Longing for Reunion
She
1281.
.
Rapture at thought and joy when seen 1281
Belong to love and not to wine.
1282.
.
When passion grows palmyra-tall 1282
Sulking is wrong though millet-small.
1283.
.
Though slighting me he acts his will 1283
My restless eyes would see him still.
1284.
.
Huff I would, maid, but I forget; 1284

... Page Bharathiar
162 of 167
And leap to embrace him direct.
1285.
.
When close I see not lord's blemish 1285
Like eyes that see not painter's brush.
1286.
.
When he's with me I see not fault 1286
And nought but fault when he is not.
1287.
?
To leap in stream which carries off 1287
When lord is close to feign a huff.
1288.
.
Like wine to addicts that does disgrace 1288
Your breast, O thief, is for my embrace!
He
1289.
.
Flower-soft is love; a few alone 1289
Know its delicacy so fine.
1290.
.
She feigned dislike awhile but flew 1290
Faster for embrace than I do.
3.2.16
3.2.16 Chiding the Heart
She
1291.
?
You see, his heart is his alone; 1291
Why not my heart be all my own?
1292.

... Page Bharathiar
163 of 167
.
O heart, you see how he slights me 1292
Yet you clasp him as if friendly.
1293.
?
You follow him at will. Is it 1293
"The fallen have no friends" my heart?
1294.
.
You won't sulk first and then submit 1294
Who will then consult you, my heart?
1295.
.
Frets to gain and fears loss in gain 1295
O my heart suffers ceaseless pain.
1296.
.
My itching mind eats me anon 1296
As I muse on him all alone.
1297.
.
I forget shame but not his thought 1297
In mean foolish mind I'm caught.
1298.
.
My heart living in love of him 1298
Hails his glory ignoring blame.
He
1299.
.
Who support a man in grief 1299
If lover's heart denies relief?
1300.
.
Why wonder if strangers disown 1300
When one's own heart is not his own?

... Page Bharathiar
164 of 167
3.2.17
3.2.17 Bouderie
The Maid to the Mistress
1301.
.
Feign sulk; embrace him not so that 1301
We can see his distress a bit.
1302.
.
Sulking is the salt of love; but 1302
Too much of it spoils the taste.
Wife Addresses Husband
1303.
.
To leave the sulker unembraced 1303
Is to grieve the one sorely grieved.
1304.
.
To comfort not lady in pout 1304
Is to cut the fading plant at root.
He within Himself
1305.
.
Pouting of flower-eyed has 1305
To pure good mates a lovely grace.
1306.
.
Love devoid of frowns and pets 1306
Misses its ripe and unripe fruits.
1307.
.
"Will union take place soon or late?" 1307
In lover's pout this leaves a doubt.
1308.

... Page Bharathiar
165 of 167
.
What's the good of grieving lament 1308
When concious lover is not present?
1309.
.
Water delights in a shady grove 1309
And sulking in souls of psychic love.
1310.
.
My heart athirst would still unite 1310
With her who me in sulking left!
3.2.18
3.2.18 Feigned Anger
1311.
.
I shrink to clasp you bosom lewd 1311
To the gaze of all ladies exposed.
1312.
.
He sneezed while we went on sulking 1312
Expecting me to say "live long".
He
1313.
.
"For which lady?" she widely cries 1313
While I adorn myself with flowers.
1314.
.
"I love you more than all" I said 1314
"Than whom, than whom?" she sulked and chid.
1315.
.
"In this life we won't part" I told 1315
Her eyes at once with tears were filled.

... Page Bharathiar
166 of 167
1316.
.
I said "I thought of you". She left 1316
Her embrace crying "Oft you forget".
1317.
.
I sneezed; she blessed; then changed and wept 1317
"You sneezed now at which lady's thought?"
1318.
.
I repressed sneeze; she wept crying 1318
"Your thoughts from me you are hiding".
1319.
.
I try to coax her and she remarks 1319
"Your coaxing others thus this marks".
1320.
.
I think and gaze at her; she chides: 1320
"On whom your thought just now abides?"
3.2.19
3.2.19 Sulking Charm
She
1321.
.
He is flawless; but I do pout. 1321
So that his loving ways show out.
1322.
.
Fading first, love blooms and outlives 1322
The petty pricks that pouting gives.
1323.
.
Is there a heaven like sulk beneath 1323
Of hearts that join like water and earth?

... Page Bharathiar
167 of 167
1324.
.
In long pout after embrace sweet 1324
A weapon is up to break my heart.
He
1325.
.
Though free form faults, one feels the charms 1325
Of feigned release from lover's arms.
1326.
.
Sweeter than meal is digestion 1326
And sulk in love than union.
1327.
.
The yielder wins in lover's pout 1327
Reunited joy brings it out.
1328.
.
Shall not our pouting again give 1328
The dew-browed joy of joint love?
1329.
.
Sulk on O belle of shining jewels! 1329
Prolong O night! our delight swells!
1330.
.
Bouderie is lovers' delight 1330
Its delight grows when they unite.

The Holy Kural Ends.
----------------------------------------------------

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THIRUKURAL BOOK IN ENGLISH AND TAMIL

Thirukkural / Holy Kural

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha

thirukuRaL with English Translation of Yogi Suddhanantha