Alfonso’s Way 5 – Becoming the Light of the World: Citizenship and Community Involvement

UNIT 1
Topics Covered:
1. The Preamble of 1987 Philippine Constitution and RA 8044
2. Role of Citizens

LESSON 1
THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

Consists the basic principles and laws of a nation, state, or social group that determine the powers
and duties of the government and guarantee certain rights to the people in it.
PREAMBLE

We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and
humane society and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote
the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity
the blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice,
freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.
YOUTH IN NATION-BUILDING ACT (RA 8044)

https://nyc.gov.ph/republic-act-8044/
The Filipino youths are considered as the most valuable resource of the country. The “Youth in
Nation-Building Act” (RA 8044) which was enacted in 1995 established the National Youth
Commission and the National Comprehensive and Coordinated Program on Youth Development.
This act defined the Filipino youth as those with ages 15-30. Currently, the Philippines have a
projected 85.2 million population. The youth comprises more than 40 percent of the total population.
Of this, 21% are enrolled in high school, tertiary and vocational schools, 22% are young peasants,
21% are contractual young workers in the urban areas, 36% are unemployed and out of school and
4% are working students.
LESSON 2
GOOD CITIZEN VALUES
What is a good Filipino citizen?
A good Filipino citizen is one who plays an active and intelligent role as a member of the community.
He is one who fulfills his duties and obligations to the government and society. He possesses the
traits of respectfulness, courtesy and consideration for parents and elders and for others. He
observes punctuality, promptness, and good moral conduct.
How can you become good citizens?
You can become good citizens by living in accordance with the good citizenship values we can derive
from the preamble of the 1987 constitution.
The Filipino values presented in the preamble have been simplified and categorized into the
following:
I. Pagkamaka-Diyos.
A. Faith in the Almighty God imploring the aid of Almighty God.
B. Respect for life
C. Order
D. Work
E. Concern for the family and future generations

II. Pagkamaka-Tao
 A. love
B. freedom independence and democracy
C. peace
D. truth
E. justice

III. Pagkamaka-Bayan
A. unity
B. equality
C. respect for law and government rule of law
D. patriotism conserve and develop our patrimony
E. common good
IV. Pagkamaka-Kalikasan
A. Concern for the environment

These are the sixteen values that will help shape and guide our nation towards a better tomorrow and
provide the fundamental structure for all the provisions of the constitution.

I. Pagkamaka-Diyos

A. The good citizenship values of faith in the Almighty God

This is the basic value to put God in the center of your lives and communicate with Him
by means of prayers. You should look to Him as your ultimate source, one with infinite
powers to help you in your work, to enable you to meet your needs and to get you out of
trouble and crisis. With this experience, you become fully aware of the things you can
accomplish when you live a life of faith.

It is ironic, however, that in a country where citizen are innately “maka-Diyos”, there are
committed each day, many acts violating the laws of God. How can it be that you ask for
God’s help and guidance then go against His wishes?

A devout widow who was known to be living saint was crossing a bridge with her child
when an accident happened. Her son fell off the bridge and plunged into the deep water
below. At this, some men got ready to jump into the water to save the child. However,
the widow forbade them. “do not move,” she told the men.” My faith alone can save the
child.”

After she had said this, the widow knelt on the bridge and prayed with great faith. In a
short while, the child drowned and died. The widow wept.

B. The good citizenship value of respect for life

Your life and own humanity is a gift from God, created from His own image and likeness
which makes you a person of worth and dignity as persons and grow to appreciate each
others’ worth by keeping an open mind and charitable attitude so you may be able to
appreciate others’ giftedness and special roles in your life and in the society.

Your body is God’s temple, it is sacred and by all means you should be responsible for
it because any form of violence against it defies the sanctity of life. Our natural human
 rights protect you from anything that endangers your life and well being. You should
also be responsible for upholding the rights of others. You shall not be an advocate of
violence or any means that may harm the life and dignity of others.

Life is precious. It is your duty to respect, protect, nurture and preserve the human life
from the moment of its conception.

Thoughts to ponder: As a student, do I have habits and vices that may lead me to
destroy my own body which is considered as God’s temple? Do I treat other people well
and give them the worth and dignity due to them as human beings?

C. The good citizenship value of order

“the value of order is doing “first things first.”
It is simply doing the right thing at the right time and right place without hesitation.

Order entails the discipline of mind emotion and action. We need these so that we can
lay a peaceful successful and productive life. Otherwise it will trigger situations of panic
unrest confusion havoc and anarchy.

You should understand that the value of order is important in your quest to improve
yourselves as citizens. You should learn to strive hard in arranging your lies in a certain
way that will allow you to sere as inspiration to others by your examples and by a
meaningful life guided by the order everyday.

Thoughts to ponder: Do I recognize the benefits of living an orderly life? Have I sorted
out my priorities in life?

D. The good citizenship value of work.

“Give fish to a man and he will have food for a day teach him how to fish and he shall
have food to eat throughout his lifetime.” - Chinese proverb

Work is a gift and it has become part of your nature and destiny. God has given you
talents to use as investments in your work and in return you are expected to settle for
nothing less than excellent results.

Hard work quality work and honest work are what makes a citizen a good productive
and self-reliant member of the society.

It is also important that you have the right values and attitudes toward your work and
dealings. You should always remember that no matter how much work you do what
counts in the end is not the volume of work but the amount of love you put into your
work. Learn to work with love integrity and honest to achieve excellent results.

Thoughts to ponder: Am I a committed student who gives my best in school and in

other endeavors? Do I use my God-given talents wisely?

E. The good citizenship value of concern for the family and future generations

“Respetuhin natin and ating ina, ilaw siya ng tahanan, bigyang galang ang ama at ang
payo ay sundin at sa magkakapatid, kailangan ay magmahalan at dapat lang na pag-
usapan ang hindi nauunawaan”.

This value emphasizes that your family is a gift from God and that utmost attention must
be focused on the family- a sanctuary of life and a core unit of society.
 You draw inspiration and strength from you family and in return you are expected to do
your responsibilities as a member of the family to keep it intact and strong against the
forces that tend to destroy its values and sense of unity.

A family is worth more than any worldly gain. Be vigilant and possess the resolve to
always value your family as your most precious gift next to your life. Be strengthened by
love understanding and mutual respect for all members of our family.

Thoughts to ponder: What are the most pressing issues my family faces today? Have
I developed a strong personal conviction and resolve to value the well being and unity of
my family in the midst of growing threats against it?

II. PAGKAMAKA-TAO

“Ang tenga kapag pinagdikit korteng puso… extension ng puso ang tenga kaya kapag
marunong kang makinig marunong kang magmahal…” -Bob Ong

Love means so much to us simply love is the answer to our many questions during these
trying times. It is by love that you care respect, accept, forgive and trust. But why is it that
our nation has never moved forward if we all have LOVE within us?

A. The Good Citizenship Value Of Love

Maybe not all of us ever learned how to live in love which holds us back to love others. This
is what the Almighty God wants you to learn; learn to LOVE.

Love entails sacrifice, responsibility and service. Love binds us together as a nation. Love
is the key to our national progress. Let it love be in the beginning the middle and the end of
our history as a nation.

Thoughts to ponder: Am I a loving student, citizen and person? How can I demonstrate
the value of love to my family friends and community?

How can I be a more loving person to others? What benefits can I possibly reap from being
a loving person?

B. The Good Citizenship Value Of Freedom.

“Freedom consists not in doing what we like, but in having the right to do what we ought” -
Pope John Paul II

You value freedom by giving due recognition and respect to your individuality as persons
with human rights and duties. Freedom is never without the virtue of responsibility.

Freedom is the power to act or not to act. God gave out lives, and with that comes the
freedom to choose what you want to make with it. The freedom our nation is enjoying now
the fruits of love hardship and sacrifices of our ancestors.

You should practice freedom with a clear understanding of its limits, with a sense of
discipline and chastity which will lead you to love your fellowmen understand their plight,
and do what is good and right while avoiding what is wrong and evil.

Thoughts to ponder: As a student in what ways can I demonstrate my commitment to

freedom?

C. The Good Citizenship Value Of Peace

 You value peace by doing well for others and for your country living and working together in
harmony and avoiding violence as a way of settling disputes. Peace begins with you.
Peace is a God-given gift that you must nurture by prayer. This can be attained and
sustained when you develop a deep consciousness of your faith in God, concern for your
fellowmen loyalty to your country and respect for your environment.

“peace means serenity of mind simplicity of heart and tranquility of soul” -St. Augustine

You should be a person of peace a builder of harmony among your fellowmen. You should
strive hard to foster the value of peace in your personal endeavors.

Thought to ponder” What do I need to have peace and be able to shun violence?

D. The Good Citizenship Value Of Truth

The value of truth is living and loving passionately with honesty and sincerity. Truth is
important in our society because it is condition for freedom. It entails transparency honesty
integrity sincerity, courage and humility. The truth also demands sacrifices and efforts but it
is a worthy cause that highlights your own capacity as a person to do well and live with
integrity.

You are a person of integrity; let truth strengthen your character by honesty and
responsibility. Honesty should be applied in all your roles in life because the truth will set
you free and it should always prevail. “there is no truth and no good in lies”

Thought to ponder: Am I a truthful person? Do I recognize the importance of the value of

truth in my life family work and country?

E. Good Citizenship Value Of Justice.

You value justice by means of promoting ethical practices that enhance the essence of
social justice. It also means the promotion of a healthy and humane working condition, fair
and legal labor practices, correct use of power, moving purposefully away from graft,
corruption and other evils.

Justice is important in our life because it ensures us that our society fosters an atmosphere
that respects human dignity, security, and one that allows every person equal opportunity
to pursue posterity, development and happiness.

Let me share with you a story that will simply show you that justice is giving every man his
due.

There was once a poor farmer who would come to town everyday in order to supply a
baker with homemade bibingka. In exchange for five pounds of bread for his family. One
day, the bakes decided to weigh the bibingka. He discovered that the bibingka was one
pound short. This made the baker very angry, and he accused the farmer of having
cheated him.

But the farmer very calmly declared, “you see sir I am poor and I have no weights at home.
So I take the five pounds of bread you give me and use it as a standard. in this way I am
sure of giving you an equal amount of bibingka.

From the story mentioned above reflect on this question: As a citizen, have I done my
share in giving my fellow men their basic share of justice by at least treating them
with dignity and being mindful of their rights as much as I value my own?”

III. PAGKAMAKA- BAYAN

A. The Good Citizenship Value Of Unity

“If a kingdom is divided against itself, that kingdom cannot stand, and if a house is
divided against itself, that house will not be able to stand” -Mark 3:24-25

When you say unity is a good citizenship value, you mean that all we Filipino citizens
are expected to be one as a people. It also means that YOU want your country to be
united always. Are able to think of others as you would of yourselves. Are willing to lend
a helping hand to others. Want and are willing to work for what is the best for your
countrymen.

The story shows that whether in our country or organizations, civic or church, we ought
to be united, for the devil like the preying lion, divides and conquers. “a kingdom
divided against itself cannot stand.” You should put aside division, and agree to work
as one this is not easy to do, but it is something you must do. It is a heroic task. But
remember, you, are called to be a hero. This is a time for heroes,

B. The Good Citizenship Value Of Equality

“There will never be real equality so long as one feels inferior or superior to another” -
Mahatma Gandhi

This value means treating one another with equality and utmost dignity, respect for
fellow human beings, regardless of religion or cultural orientation, sex, social status,
race, etc. all men are created equal and have every right to be treated fairly in the
interest of love and justice.

As good citizens, you should therefore refrain from making irrational judgments of
people; act conscientiously and decisively to protect each person’s right to equality.
This is essential in establishing a community of happy, loving, caring and peaceful
people.

Thoughts to ponder: What does the value of equality mean to me? how important is it
to me? Do I treat others with a strong sense of equality? Am I aware of issues that
threaten the value of equality in my community/society? How do these issues affect me
as a person/citizen? As a concerned citizen, what can I do to ensure that the value of
equality is safeguarded and promoted?

C. The Good Citizenship Value Of Respecty For Law And Government

You should be a law-abiding citizen.

Regardless of who sits at the helm of the government. Laws and governments are
meant to serve our own interests as citizens and not of the interest of the few, especially
those who are in positions of power and authority.

You should seek ways to know the laws more so that you may be able to follow them
with more understanding and also strive hard to appreciate the government and its
functions so that you can contribute to the efforts of improving the lives of your country
men. You should not allow your values to be compromised by illegal acts and practices.
Strive to take a critical stand in making a decision to follow laws and appreciate the
work of government.

“Pilipino muna. Tangkilikin ang sariling atin,” -Claro M. Recto

 Patriotism means that you should be a good citizen ever vigilant for the welfare of your
country. It calls you to be committed to serve the interest of the nation no matter who
are seated at the helm of the government.

Patriotism is every person’s sense of duty and responsibility: to contribute to

development of our country, protecting our integrity, and upholding the rights and dignity
of our people. Being proud of our personal and national identity and being responsible
voters are some of the concrete examples on how we cultivate the value of patriotism.

Thoughts to ponder: As a student. What are some ways in which I can perform simple
acts of patriotism? Do I love my country enough that I am inspired to serve her in any
way I can?

D. The Good Citizenship Value Of Common Good

“tumulong ka sa ikabubuti ng iyong kakapwaan at paunlarin mo ang iyong katarungang

pangmadla. Di ka nabubuhay ng para sa iyo lamang ni para sa iyong mga anak. Ikaw
ay bahagi ng lipunang pinagkakautangan mon g mga tiayk na sagutin.” –
Manuel L. Quezon

The term common good refers to the sum of the total of goods and social conditions
which allow people, either as groups or as individuals, to reach their fulfillment more
fully and more easily.

The common good consists of three elements:

Respect for the person as such—his fundamental and inalienable human rights The
social well-being and development of the group itself.

The peace for the stability and security of a just order. The basic value of promotion of
the common good clearly brings together other basic values and illustrates how the
basic values are related and reinforce each other, e.g. : faith in Almighty God, unity,
patriotism, work, love, peace and equality.

To promote common good is an obligation of every member of society. It is to share

what you have to the other members of society who need your help most so that their
human dignity will be upheld. In doing this, you should be sincere and willing to be
counted in the work of promoting the common good since the government needs all
citizens to join in this mission.

Now are you ready to do your share in promoting the common good?
Have you developed the habit of sharing my blessings with others specially those who
are less fortunate?

IV. PAGKAMAKA- KALIKASAN

A. The Good Citizenship Value Of Concern For The Environment

“Kabataan, kalikasan opera s akinabukasan, iwasan ang pagkakamaling ating

naranasan, oras nang magtubos, daigdig natin wag sayangin wag hayaang maubos.” --
Francis Magalona

This value means launching an efficient and sustainable “clean and green” program
nationwide. God made us stewards of His creation. You are aware that your existence
and that of generations after you are threatened by the destruction of the environment.
In this alarming situation, you should develop a sense of urgency in the way you treat
your environment: respect the integrity of creation by means of using all environment
resources properly and prudently.
 It is in every person’s mission of stewardship that he or she be more conscious of
his/her actions when he/she relates with the environment. You should treat Mother
Nature as your own mother and masterpiece, giving it great care and appreciating its
wonder and beauty.

The acts could be as simple as throwing that candy wrapper on the garbage can instead
of car or jeepney windows, avoiding the use of plastics, re-using your old clothes
instead of buying new ones and the likes.

Nature is God’s grace to you that’s why you should take care of it so that you will have
clean air to breathe, clean water to drink, clean ocean to launch adventures and above
all, a life that’s healthy and a future worthy to be shared to the next generation.

These are the values embedded in the preamble of 1987 Philippine Constitution; this
module clearly explained the meaning of the values and responsibilities we have to do
to be good citizens of the Philippines.

Remember, this value is innately given to us by God. We should know how to use it
properly taking into consideration not only our welfare, but also that of others for the
betterment of our country.

“Ang Kabataan Ang Magulang Ng Bukas”  Milagros t. Hernandez, tula.

You, as the future movers of our country and parents of the future, are called to
dedicate yourselves in the service of our nation and motivate others by exemplifying the
values of a good Filipino citizen. How do you respond?

PERFORMANCE TASKS:
Alfonso’s Way 5 – Becoming the Light of the World: Citizenship and Community Involvement

UNIT 2
Topics Covered:
3. The Human Person
4. Filipino Social Values

LESSON 1

THE HUMAN PERSON: OVERVIEW

What is a human person? What is the nature of a human person? How does a person attain his
highest potential that can create a positive result towards society?

Even during ancient times, these questions had been consistently raised and evaluated. Brilliant
psychologists, philosophers, theologians, and even natural scientists had written and made in- depth
analyses on the topic of human nature using wide range of theories and observations.

It is essentially difficult to define man. This perspective aims to revisit and challenge, in all humility,
our perception of human nature; and the possibility of achieving a productive society through the
actualization of a person’s highest potential.

WHO AM I?
To fully understand the meaning of a person, let us re-evaluate and understand the characteristics of
a person:

Characteristics of a Person
Eddie Babor discussed in his book “The Human Person, Not Real But Existing” that the human
person have several characteristics, among which are the following:
1. Rational - Every person is a rational being. This is what distinguishes a person from all other
creatures in the world. As a rational being, a person is free to think and has the capacity to
reason. He can distinguish what is right and what is wrong because he has intellect.
2. Free - All human beings are born free. A person has the freedom to do or not to do a specific
action. However, every person must be responsible for his own action. In other words, a
person can do whatever he pleases but not to the extent of doing harm to his co-creatures.
3. Unique - Every person is unique. Every person has his own identity such that no two persons
are the same. Generally speaking, human beings have the same characteristics and physical
features and but no two persons are the same because every person has its own perception,
has different sets of values and priorities in life.
4. Social being - Every person is intrinsically a social being. He cannot detach his “being” from
others and all other creatures in the universe. Human nature is characterized by his
togetherness and relationship towards other creatures; be it a thing, object or his fellowman.
5. Sexual - All created living things are sexual in nature but the uniqueness of expression of a
person’s sexuality makes it all different. The expression of a person’s emotions, attitudes,
feelings, actions and thoughts in sexual activity best exemplifies his uniqueness from animals.

Considering the characteristics, and their definitions, given above, it can be deduced that a human
person is the ultimate expression of the Supreme Being that has the freedom, capacity and ability to
reason, reflect and relate to his co-existence
THE ESSENCE OF A PERSON

By understanding the character and the definition of a person, the next question would be “how are we going to
maximize these characteristics to be able to create a positive result?”

There are several guiding principles in realizing a person’s competence and ability. The totality of the person is
best explored in the field of humanistic psychology.

This study theorized that a person’s behavior and relationship with others is shaped by his inner feelings and
self-image. One of the foundations of humanistic psychology is Abraham Maslow and his theory on the
hierarchy of needs as illustrated below:
The hierarchy of needs has five levels, namely:
1. Physiological Level - these are biological needs such as food, water and clothing. They are the strongest
needs because when a person is deprived of these, the person will ultimately find ways to fulfill its satisfaction.

2. Safety - when physiological needs are met, the person transcends in finding security and protection from
physical and emotional harm.

3. Social and Belongingness - when the needs for physiological and safety had been satisfied, the desire for
affection, belonging, friendship can become active. Maslow states that people seek to overcome feeling of
loneliness and alienation.

4. Esteem - there are two esteem needs: The self-esteem that include achievement, mastery, confidence and
the esteem the person gets from others. These include recognition, respect, attention etc. When these needs
are satisfied, the person feels self-confident and valuable as a person in the world. However, when these
needs are not met, the person may feel inferior, weak, helpless and worthless.

5.. Self-Actualization - it is the highest form of motivation. Maslow describes this need as reaching the
person’s peak potential.

As discussed above, Maslow’s theory pointed out that a person must satisfy first the other lower needs before
he can actually realize his self-worth and potential. Accordingly, when lower needs are unmet, the person
cannot fully devote himself to fulfilling his potentials (Boeree;1988). He theorized that self - actualization is the
driving force of human personality.

Thus, a person cannot appreciate intellectual and aesthetic learning when the person is hungry and his safety
is difficult to obtain. “Artistic and scientific endeavors do not flourish in a society where people must struggle for
food, shelter and safety. The highest motive - self-actualization - can only be fulfilled after all other needs are
fulfilled” (Intro to Psych 10th ed by Atkinson, Smith, Bem, p. 525).

As discussed previously, the person himself is the best qualified in changing and directing his life. He has
always been given an alternative whether to do or not to do an act but this action should be accompanied by
responsibility. Being human, our dealings may not always be positive but that does not negate our value as a
person.

Selfactualized persons allow their innate positive values to transform further and realize that by understanding
his self-first is the best way that he can effectively relate to others. Furthermore, every person must be guided
by the understanding that he exists in this world achieving his temporary assignments.

Each person should start now by utilizing his gifts and talents in obtaining his goals to positively transform and
help others realize their worth as person themselves. He must make use of it and fulfill the greatest challenge
that the Supreme Being has bestowed upon him.

LESSON 2
FILIPINO SOCIAL VALUES

It reiterated that actions, decisions and manner an individual acts and thinks can be attributed to the
values they were taught and practiced since their birth.

For this lesson, it will discussed the different values that are exemplified in the social setting
especially in the community. It is better to keep in mind that these values are very essential in
bringing forth changes and progress in the community. These values can be an important instrument
in influencing the people in the community towards productive change and development.

Below are several values that can help in bring together people for a common goal and advocacy.

1. Pakikisama / Camaraderie – refers to an interpersonal relationship where people are friendly with
each other. To be with someone and to get along with each other indicates basic human friendliness
and affinity. It is a basic tendency for Filipinos and is expressed in their private lives, their public
workplaces, and in their relationship with their neighbors. Filipnos believe that they live and act
together with co-equals and consider it only natural that the consideration they show other will be
reciprocated. So, people show a strong tendency to help, share and cooperate with those they are
with.

2. Familial / Close Family Ties – Filipino are said to value and take good care of their family.
Genuine concern for the family is manifested in the honor and respect given to parents and elders, in
the support and care extended to children and in the great sacrifices one endure for the welfare of the
family. This family orientation makes every member develop a feeling of belongingness and sense of
safety and security.

3. Hospitality – refers to the warm welcome that the Filipino gives to visitors who come to his and her
home, especially strangers. Filipinos tend to create relationship and open their homes regardless of
any stereotypical biases. They are easy to get along with and treats them as though they were family
members.

4. Damayan System – refers to the sympathy for people who suffered lost and in unfavorable
situations. Filipinos tend to express their sympathy very easily and pull people in their intimate circle
for comfort and support.

5. Flexibility and Adaptability – Filipinos can keep up with whatever life throw at them. They deal
with the challenges and changes in their everyday lives as it happens. They easily conforms to the
situation as well as in dealing with the unexpected. This is the ability of the Filipinos to adjust to the
norms of other groups to attain smooth and harmonious relationship. This is exemplified during
disaster wherein many families are displaced in evacuation centers and need to cope with the hard
times.

6. Resiliency – nothing can keep the Filipino down. Even in dire situation, Filipino always find a
reason to laugh at the difficulties and proceed with their lives. This is the ability to recover and regain
readily one’s particular state and recover without intervention. This can be summed up with the phase
“to rise from the rubble” .

NATIONALISM

Nationalism is a belief, creed or political ideology that involves an individual identifying with, or
becoming attached to, one’s nation. It is the feeling of oneness among the people of a certain
country.

A state of awareness that a nation does exist and is made of people who owe allegiance not only to a
tribe, clan or region nor to any religious or political entity. Simply, it is the devotion and love of country
with all its inhabitants.

In the article by Luz Leanie Reyes of OurHappySchool.com entitled “10 Modern Ways to Express
Filipino Nationalism”, she presented how Filipinos can express their nationalistic pride.

1. Respect the Philippine flag and value the Filipino identity - Being Filipinos, we should respect our
Philippine flag and its purpose. The history and value of this flag are connected to the freedom we have today.
Encourage our fellowmen to participate and respect our flag and its anthem and even our different symbols.
They provide us our identity as Flipinos or citizens of the beautiful Republic of the Philippines.

2. Be a productive citizen – Be industrious and make ourselves productive, not only for ourselves but for our
country as well. Serve the people, serve our nation.

3. Be aware of the issues in our country – We must be aware and updated on the significant issues
happening in the country. Extend help to the needy fellowmen, especially the victims of disasters like typhoons,
flooding, and the like.

4. Stand proud for every Filipinos achievement – Filipinos is globally competitive in many aspects. They are
proud to be a Filipino and for the honors they bring to our country. They unite every Filipino for their
achievements. We can be proud of Filipinos like Manny Pacquiao, the Azkals Football Team, the Gilas
Pilipinas Basketball Team, and many more.
5. Patronize and support our own products – The Philippines has rich resources to create quality goods and
products. The manpower services we provide are also globally competitive. Our economy will improve more if
we ourselves patronize our own products which characterize our creativity, resourcefulness, and industry.

6. Preserve the Filipino culture – Philippines is rich in various colorful cultural elements. They are our
identity. Be proud and preserve the culture we have for they are our treasure. We have to keep them for the
future generation.

7. Respect everyone and value our traditions – Filipinos are very courteous and respectful. Even in modern
times, many Filipinos show and value their noble norms and traditions. So we Filipinos must continue to
exercise these good traditions like respecting our elders and others, by using “po at opo”, being hospitable,
and being religious.

8. Speak out our own language – Using our own language is manifesting and preserving our national
identity. It is our unique means of communicating and interacting with our fellowmen. Our language is an
important tool to achieve further unity and national development.

PATRIOTISM

Patriotism came from the Latin word “pater” which means “father”. It is the willingness and
determination to lay down one’s life for the fatherland – the constant resolve to sacrifice one’s life and
limb for the preservation of the country. It is the total realization of that love for the country, which is
nationalism. In other words, to be patriotic is to be nationalistic.

How can one show their patriotism? Here are some ways you can show your patriotic pride:

1. Display your pride. This is the cheapest and easiest way to show your patriotism. However, bear in mind
the you need to observe the proper way of showing your nationalistic pride.

2. Stay informed. Know what is going on the country. Understand the concern and issues plaguing the
society. Look at the issues especially the problems from both sides. Stay objective and find the facts.

3. Learn about your country. Learn the history, culture and influences of the place where you are born and
living in. Don’t be ignorant about the heritage and legacy of our heroes and modern social movers.

4. Be proud of your country. Celebrate the diversity and uniqueness of the country. Highlight the good side
of the country.

5. Keep the environment clean. No one will take care and safeguard the country’s resources but their own
people. Make it last for the succeeding generations.

6. Buy local. Support the local businesses and local products to better boost the local producers like farmers,
fishermen etc.

7. Pay your taxes. Contribute to the country’s budget to create change and development which shall be
supported by paying the right amount of taxes.

8. Vote. Exercise your rights and participate in the government. Chose the leaders that could shape out
country’s direction and future.

9. Keep the government honest. Don’t tolerate corruption and red tape. Keep an eye out for any malpractice
in the government and abusive government leaders and employee.

10. Volunteer. Get involve and advocate for worthwhile issues. Share your time and talent for a cause that
could help the country.
Alfonso’s Way 5 – Becoming the Light of the World: Citizenship and Community Involvement

UNIT 2 Part 2
Topics Covered:
5. Filipino Value System

FILIPINO SOCIAL VALUES

What Are Values?

Before delving into the discussion of values – Filipino values, in particular – it is worth analyzing the
word itself. The word “value” has its root in the Latin word “valere” which means to be strong and
vigorous. This proceeds from the premise that a human person has to have strength or valor in every
endeavor. It is the basis on which his strength in facing the challenges of life should be directed.

Dr. Tomas Q. D. Andres (1986) would define values as “things, persons, ideas or goals which are
important to life; anything which enables life to be understood, evaluated, and directed.”
On the other hand, Edgar Sheffield Brightman defines value as “whatever is liked, prized, esteemed,
desired approved, or enjoyed by anyone at any time. It is the actual experience of enjoying a desired
object or activity. Hence, value is an existing realization of desire.”
Collectively, the values of a society would be the standards or principles for which an act is judged to
be what is right or wrong, correct or incorrect. As such, it is the goal set for every member of the
community to attain what is desirable. In other words, values in a society give meaning and direction
to every individual’s life and influence his human behavior.
Based on these definitions, we can say that values are those which are considered by the society as
desirable and important and have attained the status as moral impetus behind every action of each
member geared towards the desired end or goal.

What Are Filipino Values?

Significantly, Filipino values would be the standards or principles set forth by the Filipino society as
basis for what is right or wrong, the principles on which every member of the Filipino society should
persevere to attain in order to reach the ultimate realization of his life, regarding his person and in
relation to his family and society in general.

Significance Of Studying Filipino Values

Several studies have been made on Filipino Values. They have always been interested in examining
Filipino values because it influences a Filipino’s behavior in particular, and shaping the Philippine
Society in general. How Filipinos feel and motivated to do a specific task is directed and evaluated by
his set of values. In order to understand the Filipino culture and the development of the Filipino
individual, one has to understand the underlying values on which every Filipino acts. Thus, a study on
the Filipino values would provide us a deeper understanding of the Filipino culture.

The shaping of the Philippine society into a successful and progressive nation would depend on
understanding and appreciating the positive side of Filipino values and how they are applied to attain
such goal. Thus, it is imperative that a full understanding and appreciation of the positive side of our
very own principles be made and used for our personal and national success.
The purpose of this chapter, therefore, is to help us understand our Filipino values to enable us to put
the positive side of Filipino values in use and to disregard the negative ones. Thus, in the end,
through the development and use of positive Filipino values, we may bring out the best in the Filipino
society in general and the individual in particular.

Understanding Filipino Values And Culture

The Filipino society is composed of a mixture of different races and cultures, many of which
influenced the lifestyle and values being practiced in the Philippine community. Among those who
influenced the Filipino culture and values are our ancestors – the Malays and Indons, our colonists –
the Spaniards and the Americans, and nationals of other countries who have dealt with the Philippine
society through trade – the Chinese and the Indians. The resulting blend of this mixture of influences,
which are sometimes conflicting, is uniquely Filipino in character.
Most of the prominent Filipino values are the result of a blend of the rich Christian values of Europe,
the pragmatic and democratic values of America, and the spiritual values of Asia.
The basic social unit in the Philippine society is the family. It is here where values and principles are
nurtured and imbibed in each and every member of the family. The tradition of close family ties has
long been practiced and considered as the foundation of the Philippine society.

So much is the effect of this tradition that the members of the constitutional commission of the 1987
Philippine Constitution deemed it proper to include it as a State Policy and a chapter of the
fundamental law of the land. Thus, Article XV, Section 1 of the said constitution provides that “The
State recognizes the Filipino family as the foundation of the nation.” It is in the family that the Filipino
individual is introduced to the concept of structure and hierarchy of power. He is always reminded to
submit to the authoritarian familial set-up, where roles are prescribed especially for younger members
of the family. The Filipino family is structured in a way that autocratic leadership rests on the elder
members, where the young submit themselves to the decision of family elders. He is indoctrinated of
the tradition of primacy of the extended family over that of the individual and that the only source of
emotional, economic, and moral support is the family.

The Filipino individual identifies himself with his family. Right from childhood he is made to believe
that he belongs to the family. The Filipino individual is always encouraged to get advice from his
parents and submit to his parents‟ direction, counsel and advice. He is admonished to be good
because any disgrace that he commits is a disgrace to the family. In times of misfortune, he is
assured of his family’s support, sympathy and love.

Thus, Filipino society, in contrast with Western societies, prefers a rather "structured" way of life, and
not where he can be assertive of his own individuality. However, modern era is catching up with the
Filipino society. Changes must occur if the Filipino society is to survive in a changing world. The
Filipino society will have to keep up with the changes brought about by modernization. The society
must prepare itself for a serious reevaluation of its values. In most instances, it will have to break
away from its past and adjust itself towards the future.

Filipino Characteristics
The characteristic that makes a Filipino vary from different society is his uniquely blended culture and
values from different influences. Filipino values, for reason of several influences that shaped its
identity, are bipolar like a coin that has two sides. They may either be positive or negative in polarity.
Let us take for example the value of utang na loob, or debt of gratitude. The value of utang na loob,
the altruistic drawing of interior goodness of a person by returning a debt of gratitude, is by itself
positive. However, when one is coerced to honor a debt of gratitude and return the favor, then it
becomes negative.

Due to this ambivalence of Filipino values, they have the potential of being used for good or evil. They
may either help or hinder personal and national development, depending on how they are understood
or practiced or lived.

In order to shape the Filipino society into a successful and progressive nation, there is a need to
reevaluate the different values that influence every Filipino individual’s action to a set of
circumstances. We need to identify the positive side of every Filipino value and develop them in order
to yield a more successful and developed society.

According to factsanddetails.com and Philippines Australia Business Council, there are three (3) main
traits that underlie the Filipino values and value-orientation These traits have a strong influence in the
behavior and mentality of the Filipinos. These also have an effect in the Filipinos’ personal beliefs,
cultural traditions and practices.

1. Personalism is a Filipino trait wherein they give importance to interpersonal relations or face-
to-face encounters. Filipinos usually extends their work or services through “personal touch” or
handles problem solving through good personal relations.
 2. Familialism focuses on the welfare and interest of the family over those of the community.
The family is the basis of group action and almost all community activity centers on the family.
In decision making, it is the family that decides rather than the individual on important matters.
It takes into consideration the welfare of the family and not the individual. The family’s honor,
not the personal image, that is at stake when a family member makes a mistake.

3. Particularism relates to the strong family influence on the individual or group behavior. This is
shown when an individual strive to promote their own and their family’s interest over the
community’s interest. Popularity among peers is prevalent and observable. Thus, Filipinos
make special efforts to entertain friends and relatives. Pakikisama is very important.
Conformity to proper codes of conduct yields rewards of cooperation while non-conformity
results to withdrawal of support.

It is also important to know that there are three (3) main obligations that underlie the Filipino value
orientation namely – relational (pakikipagkapwa), emotional (damdamin) and moral (karangalan). One
or all of these may have influence in Filipinos’ lives and social relationships.

Let us then try to discuss some of the values in the Filipino society and re-evaluate them to develop a
more positive value for the Filipino individual.

A. UTANG NA LOOB
There is no specific translation that can approximate the meaning of this Filipino value of utang
na loob. Debt of gratitude is a lean excuse of a translation because it does not even
approximate the fertile concept of the Filipino loob.

Utang na loob is a situation where an individual is required to return a favor or service

received. However, the return of such service or favor cannot be translated into monetary
equivalent, and may reciprocated in a month of service or even a lifetime.

For example, a congressman proudly gives a town a new chapel, a bridge, or a waiting shed
(no matter whether the money came from his pocket or from the government), this makes the
people indebted to him. And when elections come, he recites the litany of his projects and
people “ought” to repay these through their votes. Not to repay this form of debt means that
those who were benefited are walang utang na loob. After having been elected, the people
would approach this congressman for return of the favor by seeking employment for them.
Thus, this would end into a vicious cycle, where the person na pinagkakautangan ng loob
becomes the giver and the giver becomes the person na may utang na loob.

However, utang na loob may be interpreted in a positive outlook. If it is used with the concept
of justice, truth and human dignity, it would reflect the beautiful aspect of the Filipino character.
Thus, this altruistic feeling must voluntarily come from within the person himself, kusang loob;
and should not be demanded by coercing the person who has utang na loob, so as blind his
sense of judgment.

Furthermore, this value should be used discriminately. The pagtatanaw ng utang na loob
should emerge from within the self of an individual with sense of justice so as to repay the
person for the favor or services rendered.

We should always remember that in demanding for the return of indebtedness, the golden rule
“Do unto other as you would want them to do unto you.” By demanding the return of the favor,
would you wish to become indebted in return? And when indebted, would you want that person
to act the same way when they are demanding the return of the favor?

B. BAHALA NA

Filipinos, by nature, are a religious group of people. They firmly believe in the supernatural and
in all kinds of spirit dwelling in individual persons, places or things. They believe in a Supreme
 Being who will take care of things for them. The Filipino is very religious who has a saint to
pray to each day of the week.

The term bahala na comes from the words Bathala na. It reflects the Filipino's dependence on
the supernatural being and on fate. This tends to move toward the commonly conceived
procrastination character of the Filipino.

C. MAÑANA HABIT
Mañana Habit can be traced back in the Spanish colonization era. The term “Mañana” is a
Spanish word that means “tomorrow”. This is a Filipino trait that enforces procrastination -
practice of putting off work to be done in the near future or in the last minute. This habit is
exemplified through the “Mamaya na” or “Bukas na”.

D. NINGAS KUGON
The term Ningas Kugon translates to “burning of cogon grass”. As a Filipino trait, it means that
Filipinos tend to have a strong enthusiasm in the beginning of each work or endeavor but
gradually slows down and lose their drive to work and finish the job. It is said that in work
Filipinos tend to do their job halfbaked or leave it unfinished.

E. AMOR PROPIO
As a reinforcement to the Philippine trait of “Hiya” or shame, Filipinos are akin to the traditional
attitude of saving “face”. Amor propio is another Spanish term that means a sense of self-
esteem or self-respect that prevents a person from swallowing his pride. It also means ego
defensiveness or maintaining one’s dignity and personal pride. According to the Philippines
Australia Business Council, amor propio often implies a vindictive reaction to questioning an
individual’s action, integrity, or honor.

F. BAYANIHAN
In an article entitled “Filipino Culture: Bayanihan: The Filipino Value that Must be Retained”, it
describe bayanihan as:
“Bayanihan is a core essence of the Filipino culture. It is helping out one’s neighbor as a community, and doing a task together, thus
lessening the workload and making the job easier. It is also called the ‘community spirit’. It is best exhibited when people wish to move
locations in the rural area. The traditional Filipino house, the ‘bahay-kubo’, can be moved using wooden poles which are carried from
the old place to the new one. This requires a group of people to lift and carry the house on their shoulders. Able-bodied men usually
participated in such feats, while women stood and watched, casually chatting and cheering the men on. Afterwards, there will be a
small gathering as a form of celebration and socialization.”
[SOURCE: https://everything-filipino.com/filipino-culture-bayanihanthe-filipino-value-that-must-
be-retained/]

DUTIES & RESPONSIBILITIES OF FILIPINO CITIZEN

1. It is the duty of every Filipino to respect, honor and give due accord to his Filipino heritage,
patrimony, values and tradition.
2. It is the duty of every Filipino to contribute to the development, welfare and nation-building of
its country.
3. It is the duty of every Filipino to engage in gainful work to assure himself and his family a life of
worthy of human dignity.
4. Loyalty to the federal republic and national consciousness, aspirations and ideals shall be
asked from every Filipino citizen.
5. Every Filipino citizen is asked to uphold this Constitution, obey the laws of the land, pay taxes
and duties, and to cooperate with the duly constituted authorities in the attainment and
preservation of a just and orderly society.
6. Every Filipino citizen must give due honor to the Philippine flag, National Anthem, Philippine
President and other national symbols and emblems.
7. It is the duty of very Filipino citizen to defend the national territory from aggressive invaders,
protect the sovereignty of its people, and preserve the continuity of a just, human society and
government.
 8. It is the duty of every Filipino to report to the proper authorities all plots of terrorism, plans of
rebellion,subversion, or insurrection toward the duly and legally acknowledge government, and
other acts that will compromise the union and sovereignty of the federal republic.
9. It is the obligation of every Filipino, to report corrupt, dishonest or fraudulent government
officials to the proper forum, courts and agencies. A Filipino shall not tempt or bribe
government officials, steal from the coffers of the government, or escape or abandon his lawful
responsibilities.
10. It is the responsibilities of every Filipino to elect officials of government as a means of
demonstrating his personal ideas and aspirations for the motherland. Omission or abstention
from this responsibility may indicate a person’s renunciation of his rights of suffrage. No fine or
inappropriate or excessive penalty shall be asked from him as reparation for his choice not to
vote. People, who lost their social right of suffrage, may reclaim such rights accordance of law.

PERFORMANCE TASK:
Alfonso’s Way 5 – Becoming the Light of the World: Citizenship and Community Involvement

UNIT 3
Topics Covered:
6. Group Dynamics
a. Group
b. Teamwork
c. Decision-Making and Conflict Resolution
7. Working with Communities
a. Dimensions of Development
b. The Community and Community Organizing
c. Project Development
FINAL TASK:

Conduct Community Involvement Activity Program in one depressed barangay in Tangub City
1. Barangay Garang
2. Barangay Uwayan
3. Barangay San Antonio
4. Barangay Matugnaw
5. Barangay Sto. Nino
6. Barangay Sicot