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15-12-2023 - Tutorial Classes

The document outlines a series of exercises for a 2nd-year Environmental Chemistry module, focusing on rainfall data analysis and calculations. It includes questions on determining the optimum number of rain gauges, annual precipitation, runoff during a storm, and estimating missing rainfall data using various methods. Additionally, it provides formulas and instructions for converting measurements to SI units.

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14 views2 pages

15-12-2023 - Tutorial Classes

The document outlines a series of exercises for a 2nd-year Environmental Chemistry module, focusing on rainfall data analysis and calculations. It includes questions on determining the optimum number of rain gauges, annual precipitation, runoff during a storm, and estimating missing rainfall data using various methods. Additionally, it provides formulas and instructions for converting measurements to SI units.

Uploaded by

envichemistry12345
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

LEVEL OF STUDY: 2nd YEAR


MODULE: CHM2266 ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
Note:
1. given in this exercises are not in SI unit, present all your answers in SI unit
2. Please make correction for the normal ratio method; the general formula is as
follows:
𝑷𝑿 𝟏 𝑷𝑨 𝑷 𝑷 𝑷
 = ( + 𝑵𝑩 + 𝑵𝑪 + ⋯ + 𝑵𝑵 )
𝑵𝑿 𝒏 𝑵𝑨 𝑩 𝑪 𝑵

 In the class we used n=3 as we had 3 stations, because n represent the number of
station with complete data

Question 1
A basin consists of a network of 6 rain gauges whose annual rainfall records are shown in the
table. What is the optimum number of rain gauges for the basin if the error in the calculation of
annual rainfall equals 10%
Rain gauge 1 2 3 4 5 6
Annual Rainfall (mm) 480 750 810 630 1040 890

Question 2
It is estimated that 60% of annual precipitation in a basin with a drainage are of 20000 acres is
evaporated. If the average annual river flow at the outlet of the basin has been observed to be
3cfs (ft3/s)
Determine the annual precipitation in the basin
Question 3
During a 2 hour storm, the precipitation over a 40 hectare area is 30 mm.There is a constant
infiltration at a rate of 10mm/hour. The storage is 2.5 hectare m.If we disregards evaporation
during the storm, is there any runoff? If yes how much?
Question 4
Water from a 250 ft *80 ftlawn converges into a gully. During a 1 hour storm, discharge into the
gully is 0.95 cfs. The interception by grass is 0.42 acre-ft. Overall 60% of the rain is infiltrated.
Calculate the amount of rainfall
Question 5
For the month of September, normally the following data were recorded for five stations.
Estimate the missing rainfall data for September 2018 at station B. Explain the method used
Station All year’s average for Data for September 2018 (cm)
September (cm)
A 11.43 11.01
B 7.62 ?
C 5.08 4.83
D 6.35 6.86
E 12.19 12.70

Question 6
The following data show the mean values of measured annual precipitation in a 5 rain gauges
located in a certain catchment. Determine the average rainfall by:
1. the arithmetic mean method
2. the isohyetal method
3. the Thiessen method

Stations Annual Precipitation


(mm)
P1 800
P2 600
P3 900
P4 400
P5 200

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