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Basic principles
Timers

A timer is a control component which, after a preset time, Insulation to standard VDE 110 group C, IEC 255.5 and
energises an output contact. IEC 664
The start of a timing cycle, single or repetitive, is produced by Spécifications pour le dimensionnement des lignes de fuite et distance
timer energisation or by maintained or pulse control contacts with, as a dans l'air du matériel électrique.
result, a large number of potential functions.
There are two types of presentation:
➜ Protection
To IEC 529: classification of the levels of protection obtained by
➜ DIN rail mounted
casings, terminal
Product designed for mounting within a control panel. ■ against solid matter
■ against liquids
➜ Panel-mounted
Product designed to be fitted on a panel in order to be accessible
by the user.
➜ Protection from voltage surge
There are two types of output: This protection is designed to eliminate voltage peaks generated
Timed contacts dependent on the value of the set time.
Instantaneous contacts operating simultaneously with the energisation
by the industrial environment. It is generally provided by a
varistor, the capacity of which is expressed in joules.
2
or de-energisation of the product in instantaneous fashion (excluding cer- Example:
tain cases, for example: memory). 2 joules = 5000V x 400 A x 1µs
For circuits with strong electrical interference (over 2 joules) the
user should ensure adequate protection.
➜ Note:
Electro-mechanical timers with automatic reset are fitted with:
■ either a standard clutch : during timing, the electro-clutch is
➜ Electromagnetic compatibility
energised Electromagnetic compatibility tests measure the degree of
■ or a reversed clutch : during timing the electro-clutch is de-energised.
immunity which a piece of equipment shows to various types of
disturbance as defined in IEC standards.
Timers with manual reset require "manual" intervention for the
commencement of a new cycle which involves resetting the
timing selector.

Definitions
➜ Minimum control contact time
This is the minimum pulse time required to effect timing control. Controls
➜ Reset time (or return) ➜ Quality control
This is the time required at the end of a cycle for resetting the Our products are quality controlled systematically during
timer to start a new cycle. assembly and on completion. The overseeing of control checks
in the workshop, the use of collected data and any resulting
➜ Accuracy product assessments form the essential role of Quality Control.
This is the maximum difference between the selected and the All our products undergo a final check, either 100% or on a
actual timing of the cycle chosen. selective basis according to French standard X 06-022, which
It is expressed as a percentage of the maximum value of the provides for a classification of possible defects in three groups :
timing range considered within normal operating parameters. critical, major, minor.

➜ Maximum operating current ➜ Note:

This is the maximum uninterrupted current at which the timer According to customer requirements and for certain product
may function permanently within normal operating parameters ranges which must meet particular requirements expressed in a
when the timer contact is closed. specification, it is always possible to create or to modify a quality
standard on the basis of a normal or special existing product and
➜ Thermal intensity to vary the level of inspection. It can happen that the tolerance
Current limit in continuous duty for a circuit with the highest possible level level is set at zero for certain parameters directly linked to the
of current which a previously closed contact circuit can tolerate at all completion of a function for which total success must be assured:
times in specified conditions. a defect is therefore fatal. Such specific requirements do, however, entail
a significant increase in product costs.
➜ Contact rating
This is the value of the current that can be switched by a contact
in certain specified conditions.

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FUNCTIONS
U : Supply C (Y1) : Control contact ➜ Function B : Timing on impulse one shot
R : Output or load relay
On pulse (with constant supply)
T : Timing ∞ : indefinite
After energisation; a pulse (≥ 50 ms) or a
maintained control contact will cause the out- 1 relay
➜ Function A : Delay on energisation 1 relay put to change state which reverts to the rest U
position at the end of timing. C
U
Single timing cycle which begins on R
energisation. R T
T N.B. : this process enables shortening or
U
The output changes state after timing. lengthening of a signal.
U C
R1/R2 R1/R2
2 relays timed or 2 relays timed or T
1 relay timed and 1 instantaneous R2 INST 1 relay timed and 1 instantaneous R2 Inst.
T

➜ Function Bw : Pulse output (adjustable)

➜ Function Ab : One-shot cycle
1 relay

The output changes states at the end of the A output relay R (or the load) changes state, U
U
set time T1, for a period T2. and remains in the changed-over state for C

2 Both T1 and T2 independently adjustable.

R
T1 T2
the timing period, both when control contact
C (Y1) closes and when it opens.
R
T T

➜ Function Ac : Timing after closing and opening of C

control contact 2 relays timed or R

1 relay timed and 1 instantaneous T T

After energisation, closure of the control con- 1 relay

tact causes the timing period T to commence U
and output relay R (or the load) changes state C
➜ Function C : Timing after impulse Delay OFF
at the end of this interval. When contact C (Y1) (with constant supply)
R
opens, relay R resets after a second timing T T 1 relay
period T. U
After energisation, once the control contact
U C
is closed the output state changes.
C R
Timing will only begin on the re-opening of T
R1/R2 this control contact (one shot).
2 relays timed or T T
U
1 relay timed and 1 instantaneous R2 Inst. Relay R returns to its initial position at the
end of the timing period. C
R1/R2
R2 inst.
➜ Function Ad : Delay on energisation by switch 2 relays timed or
1 relay timed and 1 instantaneous T
(not resettable)
1 relais
After power-up, pressing or holding down the
switch starts timing. At the end of timing, U
➜ Function D ou Di : Flip-flop
the output is energised. The output C
will be reset the next time the switch is R
pressed or held down. T T Repetitive cycle which switches the output
1 relay
alternately between the rest and operating
position for equal time bases. U

T1 + T2 = T total R

➜ Function Ah : Flashing single cycle by switch

T T

(not resettable) Function D: the cycle begins with the

U
U
output in rest position. Pause start.
R1/R2
After power-up, pressing or holding down T T
C 2 relays timed or
the switch starts timing. At the end of 1 relay timed and 1 instantaneous R2 Inst.
timing,the output is energised. At the end R1/R2 1 relay
of this second timing, the output falls back R2 Inst.
U
to its initial value. T T T T
Function Di: the cycle begins with the output
R
in the operating position. Pulse start. T T

➜ Function At : Timing on energisation with memory U

2 relays timed or R1/R2
1 relay 1 relay timed and 1 instantaneous T T
Provides a cumulative time for contact R2 Inst.
U
opening.
C
➜ Function H : Timing on energisation
The output changes states at the end R
Interval timer - one shot
t1 t2 1 relay
of the set time. T = t1+t2 U
On energisation, the output changes state,
U R
2 relays timed or remains in that state for the duration of timing T
1 relay timed and 1 instantaneous C and resets at the end of the single cycle.
R1/R2 U
t1 t2
R2 Inst. N.B. This is complementary to function A. R1/R2
T = t1+t2 2 relays timed or T
1 relay timed and 1 instantaneous R2 Inst.

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➜ Function Ht : Delay on energisation with memory ➜ Function P : Delayed fixed-length pulse

1 relay Timing begins on energisation. At the end of
U the timing period output relay R (or the load)
Provides a cumulative time for contact opening. U
On energisation, the output changes state, C changes state for a period of approx. 500
R
remains in that state for the duration of timing R
milliseconds. T P
and resets at the end of the single cycle. t1 t2
P = 500 ms
T = t1+t2

C ➜ Function Pt : Impulse counter (delay on)

2 relays timed or R1/R2
1 relay timed and 1 instantaneous
t1 t2 Calculates the total opening time of a contact. U
R2 Inst. At the end of timing, the output is energised
T = t1+t2 C
for approximately 500 ms.
R
➜ Function K : Delay on de-energisation - True delay OFF t1
T= t1+t2
t2 P

1 relay
On energisation, the output changes state.
U ➜ Function Q : "Star-delta"
On de-energisation timing commences and
R
the output only returns to the reset condition T At the end of timing, the output is not
after timing.
2
U
U energised. It remains "open" (not con-
ducting) and will only change state after R
R1 T Ti
2 relays timed or the fixed time of Ti has elapsed.
R2
1 relay timed and 1 instantaneous T
Dwell time selectable

➜ Function L : Cyclic timing - Asymmetrical recycler ➜ Function T : Timing on energisation with memory
Repetitive cycle comprising 2 independent 1 relay a - energisation by control signal
adjustable time bases. Each time base corre- U The timer sums the times for which the
sponds alternately to a different output control contact is closed (C1).
R
state. T1 T2 Reset is by the reset signal (C2) only.

N.B. : The cycle starts with the output in the

U
rest position.
2 relays timed or R1/R2
1 relay timed and 1 instantaneous T1 T2
b - energisation by supply voltage
The timer sums the times for which the
supply voltage (U) is on.
Reset is by the reset signal (C2) only
➜ Function Li : Cyclic timing - Asymmetrical recycler
Repetitive cycle comprising 2 independent
1 relay
adjustable time bases. Each time base corre-
sponds alternately to a different output U ➜ Function T : Impulse relay
state. R U
T1 T2 After power-up, pressing or holding down the
N.B. : The cycle starts with the output in the switch closes the relay. Pressing the switch a C

operating position. U
second time opens the relay. R
8

2 relays timed or R1/R2

T1 T2
1 relay timed and 1 instantaneous

➜ Function Tt : Timed impulse relay

➜ Function N : "Safe-guard" U
After power-up, pressing or holding down the
U C
At the first control pulse the output is ener- switch closes the relay and starts timing. The
gised. C relay opens at the end of timing or when the R
T t
To complete the timing the interval between R switch is pressed a second time.
T
the two control pulses must be greater than
the timing set.

➜ Function W : Timing after pulse on control contact

➜ Function O : "Delayed safe-guard"
On energisation, a first timing sequence After energisation, if the control contact U
occurs and the output changes state. U opens it causes output relay R (or the load) C
With the closing of the control contact, the to change state and timing to start. At the
C R
output resets and the timing starts, with the end of the timing period, relay R resets to its T
output being activated after timing. R
original state.
For the timing to be completed, the interval T T T
between the closing of two control contacts
must be greater than the timing set.

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