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 CONTENTS IN DETAIL

PRAISE FOR PYTHON CRASH COURSE

TITLE PAGE

COPYRIGHT

DEDICATION

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

INTRODUCTION
Who Is This Book For?
What Can You Expect to Learn?
Online Resources
Why Python?

PART I: BASICS
CHAPTER 1: GETTING STARTED
Setting Up Your Programming Environment
Python Versions
Running Snippets of Python Code
About the VS Code Editor
Python on Different Operating Systems
Python on Windows
Python on macOS
Python on Linux
Running a Hello World Program
Installing the Python Extension for VS Code
Running hello_world.py
Troubleshooting
Running Python Programs from a Terminal
On Windows
On macOS and Linux
Exercise 1-1: python.org
Exercise 1-2: Hello World Typos
Exercise 1-3: Infinite Skills
Summary

CHAPTER 2: VARIABLES AND SIMPLE DATA TYPES

What Really Happens When You Run hello_world.py
Variables
Naming and Using Variables
Avoiding Name Errors When Using Variables
Variables Are Labels
Exercise 2-1: Simple Message
Exercise 2-2: Simple Messages
Strings
Changing Case in a String with Methods
Using Variables in Strings
Adding Whitespace to Strings with Tabs or Newlines
Stripping Whitespace
Removing Prefixes
Avoiding Syntax Errors with Strings
Exercise 2-3: Personal Message
Exercise 2-4: Name Cases
Exercise 2-5: Famous Quote
Exercise 2-6: Famous Quote 2
Exercise 2-7: Stripping Names
Exercise 2-8: File Extensions
Numbers
Integers
Floats
Integers and Floats
Underscores in Numbers
Multiple Assignment
Constants
Exercise 2-9: Number Eight
Exercise 2-10: Favorite Number
Comments
How Do You Write Comments?
What Kinds of Comments Should You Write?
Exercise 2-11: Adding Comments
The Zen of Python
Exercise 2-12: Zen of Python
Summary

CHAPTER 3: INTRODUCING LISTS

What Is a List?
Accessing Elements in a List
Index Positions Start at 0, Not 1
Using Individual Values from a List
Exercise 3-1: Names
Exercise 3-2: Greetings
Exercise 3-3: Your Own List
Modifying, Adding, and Removing Elements
Modifying Elements in a List
Adding Elements to a List
Removing Elements from a List
Exercise 3-4: Guest List
Exercise 3-5: Changing Guest List
Exercise 3-6: More Guests
Exercise 3-7: Shrinking Guest List
Organizing a List
Sorting a List Permanently with the sort() Method
Sorting a List Temporarily with the sorted() Function
Printing a List in Reverse Order
Finding the Length of a List
Exercise 3-8: Seeing the World
Exercise 3-9: Dinner Guests
Exercise 3-10: Every Function
Avoiding Index Errors When Working with Lists
Exercise 3-11: Intentional Error
Summary

CHAPTER 4: WORKING WITH LISTS

Looping Through an Entire List
A Closer Look at Looping
Doing More Work Within a for Loop
Doing Something After a for Loop
Avoiding Indentation Errors
Forgetting to Indent
Forgetting to Indent Additional Lines
Indenting Unnecessarily
Indenting Unnecessarily After the Loop
Forgetting the Colon
Exercise 4-1: Pizzas
Exercise 4-2: Animals
Making Numerical Lists
Using the range() Function
Using range() to Make a List of Numbers
Simple Statistics with a List of Numbers
List Comprehensions
Exercise 4-3: Counting to Twenty
Exercise 4-4: One Million
Exercise 4-5: Summing a Million
Exercise 4-6: Odd Numbers
Exercise 4-7: Threes
Exercise 4-8: Cubes
Exercise 4-9: Cube Comprehension
Working with Part of a List
Slicing a List
Looping Through a Slice
Copying a List
Exercise 4-10: Slices
Exercise 4-11: My Pizzas, Your Pizzas
Exercise 4-12: More Loops
Tuples
Defining a Tuple
Looping Through All Values in a Tuple
Writing Over a Tuple
Exercise 4-13: Buffet
Styling Your Code
The Style Guide
Indentation
Line Length
Blank Lines
Other Style Guidelines
Exercise 4-14: PEP 8
Exercise 4-15: Code Review
Summary

CHAPTER 5: IF STATEMENTS
A Simple Example
Conditional Tests
Checking for Equality
Ignoring Case When Checking for Equality
Checking for Inequality
Numerical Comparisons
Checking Multiple Conditions
Checking Whether a Value Is in a List
Checking Whether a Value Is Not in a List
Boolean Expressions
Exercise 5-1: Conditional Tests
Exercise 5-2: More Conditional Tests
if Statements
Simple if Statements
if-else Statements
The if-elif-else Chain
Using Multiple elif Blocks
Omitting the else Block
Testing Multiple Conditions
Exercise 5-3: Alien Colors #1
Exercise 5-4: Alien Colors #2
Exercise 5-5: Alien Colors #3
Exercise 5-6: Stages of Life
Exercise 5-7: Favorite Fruit
Using if Statements with Lists
Checking for Special Items
Checking That a List Is Not Empty
Using Multiple Lists
Exercise 5-8: Hello Admin
Exercise 5-9: No Users
Exercise 5-10: Checking Usernames
Exercise 5-11: Ordinal Numbers
Styling Your if Statements
Exercise 5-12: Styling if Statements
Exercise 5-13: Your Ideas
Summary
CHAPTER 6: DICTIONARIES
A Simple Dictionary
Working with Dictionaries
Accessing Values in a Dictionary
Adding New Key-Value Pairs
Starting with an Empty Dictionary
Modifying Values in a Dictionary
Removing Key-Value Pairs
A Dictionary of Similar Objects
Using get() to Access Values
Exercise 6-1: Person
Exercise 6-2: Favorite Numbers
Exercise 6-3: Glossary
Looping Through a Dictionary
Looping Through All Key-Value Pairs
Looping Through All the Keys in a Dictionary
Looping Through a Dictionary’s Keys in a Particular Order
Looping Through All Values in a Dictionary
Exercise 6-4: Glossary 2
Exercise 6-5: Rivers
Exercise 6-6: Polling
Nesting
A List of Dictionaries
A List in a Dictionary
A Dictionary in a Dictionary
Exercise 6-7: People
Exercise 6-8: Pets
Exercise 6-9: Favorite Places
Exercise 6-10: Favorite Numbers
Exercise 6-11: Cities
Exercise 6-12: Extensions
Summary

CHAPTER 7: USER INPUT AND WHILE LOOPS

How the input() Function Works
Writing Clear Prompts
Using int() to Accept Numerical Input
The Modulo Operator
Exercise 7-1: Rental Car
Exercise 7-2: Restaurant Seating
Exercise 7-3: Multiples of Ten
Introducing while Loops
The while Loop in Action
Letting the User Choose When to Quit
Using a Flag
Using break to Exit a Loop
Using continue in a Loop
Avoiding Infinite Loops
Exercise 7-4: Pizza Toppings
Exercise 7-5: Movie Tickets
Exercise 7-6: Three Exits
Exercise 7-7: Infinity
Using a while Loop with Lists and Dictionaries
Moving Items from One List to Another
Removing All Instances of Specific Values from a List
Filling a Dictionary with User Input
Exercise 7-8: Deli
Exercise 7-9: No Pastrami
Exercise 7-10: Dream Vacation
Summary

CHAPTER 8: FUNCTIONS
Defining a Function
Passing Information to a Function
Arguments and Parameters
Exercise 8-1: Message
Exercise 8-2: Favorite Book
Passing Arguments
Positional Arguments
Keyword Arguments
Default Values
Equivalent Function Calls
Avoiding Argument Errors
Exercise 8-3: T-Shirt
Exercise 8-4: Large Shirts
Exercise 8-5: Cities
Return Values
Returning a Simple Value
Making an Argument Optional
Returning a Dictionary
Using a Function with a while Loop
Exercise 8-6: City Names
Exercise 8-7: Album
Exercise 8-8: User Albums
Passing a List
Modifying a List in a Function
Preventing a Function from Modifying a List
Exercise 8-9: Messages
Exercise 8-10: Sending Messages
Exercise 8-11: Archived Messages
Passing an Arbitrary Number of Arguments
Mixing Positional and Arbitrary Arguments
Using Arbitrary Keyword Arguments
Exercise 8-12: Sandwiches
Exercise 8-13: User Profile
Exercise 8-14: Cars
Storing Your Functions in Modules
Importing an Entire Module
Importing Specific Functions
Using as to Give a Function an Alias
Using as to Give a Module an Alias
Importing All Functions in a Module
Styling Functions
Exercise 8-15: Printing Models
Exercise 8-16: Imports
Exercise 8-17: Styling Functions
Summary

CHAPTER 9: CLASSES
Creating and Using a Class
Creating the Dog Class
The __init__() Method
Making an Instance from a Class
Exercise 9-1: Restaurant
Exercise 9-2: Three Restaurants
Exercise 9-3: Users
Working with Classes and Instances
The Car Class
Setting a Default Value for an Attribute
Modifying Attribute Values
Exercise 9-4: Number Served
Exercise 9-5: Login Attempts
Inheritance
The __init__() Method for a Child Class
Defining Attributes and Methods for the Child Class
Overriding Methods from the Parent Class
Instances as Attributes
Modeling Real-World Objects
Exercise 9-6: Ice Cream Stand
Exercise 9-7: Admin
Exercise 9-8: Privileges
Exercise 9-9: Battery Upgrade
Importing Classes
Importing a Single Class
Storing Multiple Classes in a Module
Importing Multiple Classes from a Module
Importing an Entire Module
Importing All Classes from a Module
Importing a Module into a Module
Using Aliases
Finding Your Own Workflow
Exercise 9-10: Imported Restaurant
Exercise 9-11: Imported Admin
Exercise 9-12: Multiple Modules
The Python Standard Library
Exercise 9-13: Dice
Exercise 9-14: Lottery
Exercise 9-15: Lottery Analysis
Exercise 9-16: Python Module of the Week
Styling Classes
Summary

CHAPTER 10: FILES AND EXCEPTIONS

Reading from a File
Reading the Contents of a File
Relative and Absolute File Paths
Accessing a File’s Lines
Working with a File’s Contents
Large Files: One Million Digits
Is Your Birthday Contained in Pi?
Exercise 10-1: Learning Python
Exercise 10-2: Learning C
Exercise 10-3: Simpler Code
Writing to a File
Writing a Single Line
Writing Multiple Lines
Exercise 10-4: Guest
Exercise 10-5: Guest Book
Exceptions
Handling the ZeroDivisionError Exception
Using try-except Blocks
Using Exceptions to Prevent Crashes
The else Block
Handling the FileNotFoundError Exception
Analyzing Text
Working with Multiple Files
Failing Silently
Deciding Which Errors to Report
Exercise 10-6: Addition
Exercise 10-7: Addition Calculator
Exercise 10-8: Cats and Dogs
Exercise 10-9: Silent Cats and Dogs
Exercise 10-10: Common Words
Storing Data
Using json.dumps() and json.loads()
Saving and Reading User-Generated Data
Refactoring
Exercise 10-11: Favorite Number
Exercise 10-12: Favorite Number Remembered
Exercise 10-13: User Dictionary
Exercise 10-14: Verify User
Summary

CHAPTER 11: TESTING YOUR CODE

Installing pytest with pip
Updating pip
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