Chapter — 1 (Real Numbers) . Consider the numbers 4", where tis a natural number. Check whether there is any value of for which 4” ends with the digit zero. Given that HCF (306, 657) = 9, find LCM (306, 657). Check whether 6” can end with the digit 0 for any natural number 7. Explain why 7 x 11 x 13+ 13 and 7 x 6 x 5 x 4x3 x 2x 1 +5 are composite numbers. ‘There is a circular path around a sports field. Sonia takes 18 minutes to drive one round of the field, while Ravi takes 12 minutes for the same, Suppose they both start at the same point and at the same time, and go in the same direction, After how many minutes will they meet again at the starting point? 6. Find the HCF of 96 and 404 by the prime factorisation method. Hence, find their LCM. 7, Show that 5 - V3 is irrational. 8. Show that 3y2 is irrational. 9, Prove that 3 + 2V5 is irrational 10. Prove that V5, V3 and V2 are irrational. 11, Prove that = is irrational aeey Chapter — 2 (Polynomials) 1. The graphs of y = p(x) are given in Fig. 2.10 below, for some polynomials p(x). Find the number of zeroes of p(x), in each case (iv) wv) (vi) Find a quadratic polynomial each with the given numbers as the sum and product of its zeroes respectively x @ 205 wy OVE 55 wi) 3.43. Find the zeroes of the following quadratic polynomials and verify the relationship between the zeroes and the coefficients ( 4s?-454+1 (i) 6x? 3 - 7x Gi) 4u? + Bu Gy 15 Chapter (Pair of Linear Equat 1. On comparing the ratios “+, and “and find out whether the lines representing the following pairs of linear equations intersect at a point, are parallel or coincident: (i) 9x+3y +12 =0,18x+ 6y+24=0 (i) 6x—3y +10 =0,2x-y+9=0 2. On comparing the ratios Sand Sand find out whether the lines representing the following pairs of linear equations are consistent, inconsistent: i) bxtiy= 7; 9x —10y = 14 (i) x4 2y =8)2x43y =12 (iii) Sx-3y=11;- 10x + 6y=-22 3. Half the perimeter ofa rectangular garden, whose length is 4 m more than its width, is 36 m. Find the dimensions of the garden 4, Given the linear equation 2x + 3y — 8 = 0, write another linear equation in two variables such that the geometrical representation of the pair so formed is’ ()—Intersecting lines Gi Parallel lines (i) Coincident lines 5. Draw the graphs of the equations x — y+ 1 = 0 and 3x + 2y ~ 12 = 0. Determine the coordinates of the vertices of the triangle formed by these lines and the x-axis, and shade the triangular region, 6. Solve the following question—A flab tells his daughter, “Seven years ago, I was seven times as old as you were then. Also, three years from now, I shall be three times as old as you will be.” 7. Solve the following pair of linear equations () 02x +0.3y=13; 04x +0.5y=23 (i) V2x + V3y = 0; ¥3x- VBy =0 3r_ sy y_ 13 @ ¥-2s- xa 8. Solve 2x + 3y = 11 and 2x — 4y =~ 24 and hence find the value of ‘m1’ for which y = mx + 3. 9. The taxi charges in a city consist of a fixed charge together with the charge for the distance covered. For a distance of 10 km, the charge paid is * 105 and for a journey of 15 km, the charge paid is * 155. What are the fixed charges and the charge per km? How much does a person have to pay for traveling a distance of 25 km? 10.A fraction becomes —, if 2 is added to both the numerator and the denominator. If, 3 is added to both the numerator and the denominator it becomes =. Find the fraction. 11. Five years hence, the age of Jacob will be three times that of his son. Five years ago, Jacob’s age ‘was seven times that of his son. What are their present ages? 12. The sum of a two-digit number and the number obtained by reversing the digits is 66. If the digits of the number differ by 2, find the number. How many such numbers are there?13.If we add | to the numerator and subtract | from the denominator, a fraction reduces to 1, It becomes > if' we only add 1 to the denominator. What is the fraction? 14. Five years ago, Nuri was thrice as old as Sonu. Ten years later, Nuri will be twice as old as Sonu How old are Nuri and Sonu? 15. The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is 9. Also, nine times this number is twice the number obtained by reversing the order of the digits, Find the number. 16. Meena went to a bank to withdraw & 2000. She asked the cashier to give her 2 50 and % 100 notes only. Meena got 25 notes in all. Find how many notes of 50 and % 100 she received 17.A lending library has a fixed charge for the first three days and an additional charge for each day thereafter, Saritha paid % 27 for a book kept for seven days, while Susy paid % 21 for the book, she kept for five days. Find the fixed charge and the charge for each extra day Chapter —4 (Quadratic Equations) 1, Check whether the following are quadratic equations @ («+12 =2¢e-3) Gy) x3 4x? -x4+1=(x-2)3 (i) = 3)(2e +1) = xe + 5) 2. The area of a rectangular plot is 528 m2. The length of the plot (in metres) is one more than twice its breadth. We need to find the length and breadth of the plot. 3. Rohan’s mother is 26 years older than him. The product of their ages (in years) 3 years from now will be 360. We would like to find Rohan’s present age 4. A ain travels a distance of 480 km at a uniform speed. If the speed had been 8 km/h less, then it would have taken 3 hours more to cover the same distance. We need to find the speed of the train. 5. Find the roots of the quadratic equations () 3x? 2V6x+2=0 «iy V2x? + 7x4 5V2=0 Gi 2x?@-x4+2=0 6. Find two consecutive positive integers, sum of whose squares is 365. 7, The altitude of a right triangle is 7 cm less than its base. If the hypotenuse is 13 cm, find the other two sides, 8. A cottage industry produces a certain number of pottery articles in a day. It was observed on a particular day that the cost of production of each article (in rupees) was 3 more than twice the number of articles produced on that day. If the total cost of production on that day was % 90, find the number of articles produced and the cost of each article. 9. A pole has to be erected at a point on the boundary of a circular park of diameter 13 metres in such a way that the differences of its distances from two diametrically opposite fixed gates A and B on the boundary is 7 metres. Is it possible to do so? If yes, at what distances from the two gates should the pole be erected? 10. Find the discriminant of the equation (i) 3x? — 2x + 2 = 0 (ii) 3x? — 4v3x + 4 = 0 and hence find the nature of its roots. Find them, if they are real. 11.Find the values of & for each of the following quadratic equations, so that they have two equal roots. @ 2x? +kx +3 (i) kx(-2)+6=0Chapter (Arithmetic Progression) 1. Which of the following are APs ? If they form an AP, find the common difference d and write three more terms. () 3,3 + 2v2,3+3v3, Gi) 0.2, 0.22, 0.222, 0.2222, . (ii) a, 2a, 3a, 4a, .. (iv) a,a’,a3,a* © V2,v8,V18, ¥32, wy V3,¥6,v9,V12, (i) 12,32,52, 72 (wii) 12,52, 72,73, Which term of the AP: 21, 18, 15, is 81? Also, is any term 0? Give reason for your answer Determine the AP whose 3rd term is 5 and the 7th term is 9. Find the 11th term from the last term (towards the first term) of the AP: 10, 7,4... ..— 62. A sum of 8 1000 is invested at 8% simple interest per year. Calculate the interest at the end of each year. Do these interests form an AP? If so, find the interest at the end of 30 years making use of this fact. 6. Ina flower bed, there are 23 rose plants in the first row, 21 in the second, 19 in the third, and so on. There are 5 rose plants in the last row. How many rows are there in the flower bed? 7. Which term of the AP: 3, 15,27, 39, will be 132 more than its 54th term? 8. For what value of n, are the nth terms of two APs: 63, 65, 67, and 3, 10, 17, equal? 9. How many multiples of 4 lie between 10 and 2507 10. Determine the AP whose third term is 16 and the 7th term exceeds the Sth term by 12 11. The 17th term of an AP exceeds its 10th term by 7. Find the common difference. 12. The sum of the 4th and 8th terms of an AP is 24 and the sum of the 6th and 10th terms is 44. Find the first three terms of the AP. 13. How many terms of the AP : 24, 21, 18, must be taken so that their sum is 78? 14.Find the sum of first 24 terms of the list of numbers whose nth term is ay, = 3+ 2n 15.A manufacturer of TV sets produced 600 sets in the third year and 700 sets in the seventh year. Assuming that the production increases uniformly by a fixed number every year, find (i) the production in the Ist year (i) the production in the 10th year (iii) the total production in first 7 years 16. Find the sum of the following A.Ps (i) —37,-33,-29,.... To 12 terms (ii) 0.6, 1.7,2.8, .... to 100 terms. Rw Gil) 3,5... to 1 terms (iv) 3 +8) + C11) +... +230) 17.In an AP. (i) givena=2,d=8, Sn =90, find mand ay, (ii) given a=8, an = 62, Sn= 210, find n and d. Gii) given a 2,Sn=—14, find n and a. (iv) givena=3,n=8, $= 192, find d. (v) given /=28, S= 144, and there are total 9 terms. Find a. 18. How many terms of the AP : 9, 17, 25, must be taken to give a sum of 636? 19. The first term of an AP is 5, the last term is 45 and the sum is 400. Find the number of terms and the common difference.20. The first and the last terms of an AP are 17 and 350 respectively. If the common difference is 9, how many terms are there and what is their sum? 21, Find the sum of first 51 terms of an AP whose second and third terms are 14 and 18 respectively 22. If the sum of first 7 terms of an AP is 49 and that of 17 terms is 289, find the sum of first n terms 23.1f the sum of the first # terms of an AP is 4n ~ n*, what is the first term (that is S1)? What is the sum of first two terms? What is the second term? Similarly, find the 3rd, the 10th and the nth terms, 24. Find the sum of the first 40 positive integers divisible by 6 25.A sum of € 700 is to be used to give seven cash prizes to students of a school for their overall academic performance, If each prize is ® 20 less than its preceding prize, find the value of each of the prizes. 26.1n a school, students thought of planting trees in and around the school to reduce air pollution. It was decided that the number of trees, that each section of each class will plant, will be the same as the class, in which they are studying, e.g., a section of Class | will plant 1 tree, a section of Class II will plant 2 trees and so on till Class XII. There are three sections of each class. How many trees will be planted by the students? 27.A spiral is made up of successive semicircles, with centres alternately at A and B, starting with centre at A, of radii 0.5 cm, 1.0 em, 1.5 cm, 2.0 em, . .. as shown in Fig, What is the total length of such a spiral made up of thirteen consecutive semicircles? (Take m = =) 4 & 28.200 logs are stacked in the following manner: 20 logs in the bottom row, 19 in the next row, 18 in the row next to it and so on (see Fig. 5.5). In how many rows are the 200 logs placed and how many logs are in the top row? 29.1n a potato race, a bucket is placed at the starting point, which is 5 m from the first potato, and the other potatoes are placed 3 m apart ina straight line. There are ten potatoes in the line (see Fig.) A competitor starts from the bucket, picks up the nearest potato, runs back with it, drops it in the bucket, runs back to pick up the next potato, runs to the bucket to drop it in, and she continues in the same way until all the potatoes are in the bucket, What is the total distance the competitor has torun? la o_o 0 o © o om Sm Sm a 30. Which term of the AP: 121, 117, 113, . . ., is its first negative term?31.The sum of the third and the seventh terms of an AP is 6 and their product is 8. Find the sum of first sixteen terms of the AP. 32. A ladder has rungs 25 em apart. (see Fig.). The rungs decrease uniformly in length from 45 em at the bottom to 25 cm at the top. Ifthe top and the bottom rungs are 2>m apart, what is the length of the wood required for the rungs? % 2$em Bem 33. The houses of a row are numbered consecutively from | to 49. Show that there is a value of x such that the sum of the numbers of the houses preceding the house numbered x is equal to the sum of the numbers of the houses following it. Find this value of x. 34.A small terrace at a football ground comprises of 15 steps each of which is 50 m long and built of solid concrete. Each step has a rise of +m and a tread of > m (See fig.) Calculate the total volume of concrete required to build the terrace. 1. State and prove Basic Proportionality Theorem (Thale’s theorem) 2. ABCD is a trapezium with AB || DC. E and F are points on non-parallel sides AD and BC AE _ BE respectively such that EF is parallel to AB. Show that = = 7 A B D Cc 3. In Fig = = and ZPST = ZPRQ. Prove that PQR is an isosceles triangle+ 5. Eand F are points on the sides PQ and PR respectively of a A PQR. For each of the following cases, state whether EF || QR: ()—- PE=3.9 cm, EQ=3 em, PF = 3.6 cm and FR=2.4 em (i), PE=4 cm, QE=4.5 cm, PF =8 cm and RF =9 cm (iii) ~~ PQ = 1.28 em, PR = 2.56 cm, PE = 0.18 cm and PF = 0.36 cm 2 In Fig., DE || AC and DF |j AE. Prove that BF BE A FE EC 7. In Fig., A, B and C are points on OP, OQ and OR respectively such that AB || PQ and AC || PR. Show that BC || QR. P ZS @ R 8. ABCD is a trapezium in which AB || DC and its diagonals intersect each other at the point O. Show that 2 = bo . The diagonals of a quadrilateral ABCD intersect each other at the point O such that 42 = 2 . bo Show that ABCD is a trapezium 10.In fig, OA x OB=OC x OD. Show that 2 A= 2 Cand 2 B= 2D. ¢ Fig. 6.31 11.A girl of height 90 cm is walking away from the base of a lamp-post at a speed of 1.2 m/s. If the lamp is 3.6 m above the ground, find the length of her shadow after 4 seconds12.In Fig. 6.33, CM and RN are respectively the medians of A ABC and A PQR. If A ABC ~ A PQR, prove that: @ AAMC~APNR om _ 48 w@ RN PQ (i) ACMB~ARNQ Q 4H P A c & R 13. Diagonals AC and BD of a trapezium ABCD with AB || DC intersect each other atthe point Using a similarity criterion for two triangles, show that “2 14.In Fig, SF = Sr and 2 1= 22. Show that A PQS ~ A TOR ~ bo e e 8 15.S and T are points on sides PR and QR of A PQR such that 4 P = 2 RTS. Show that A RPQ ~ ARTS. 16. In Fig., if A ABE = A ACD, show that A ADE ~ A ABC. a » c 17. isa point on the side AD produced of a parallelogram ABCD and BE intersects CD at F. Show that A ABE ~ A CEB. 18.Sides AB and BC and median AD of a triangle ABC are respectively proportional to sides PQ and QR and median PM of A PQR. Show that A ABC ~ A PQR 19. Sides AB and AC and median AD of a triangle ABC are respectively proportional to sides PQ and PR and median PM of A PQR. Show that A ABC ~ A PQR 20.If AD and PM are medians of triangles ABC and PQR, respectively where A ABC ~ A PQR, 4B _ AD prove that = = 21.In Fig., E is a point on side CB produced of an isosceles triangle ABC with AB = AC. If AD LBC and EF 1 AC, prove that A ABD ~ A ECFF a oo | 22.D is a point on the side BC of a triangle ABC such that 2 ADC = 2 BAC. Show that CA? = CBxCD Chapter —7 (Co-ordinate Geometry) 1. Do the points (3, 2), (-2, -3) and (2, 3) form a triangle? If so, name the type of triangle formed. 2. Fig. shows the arrangement of desks in a classroom. Ashima, Bharti and Camella are seated at AG, 1), B(6, 4) and C(8, 6) respectively. Do you think they are seated in a line? Give reasons for your answer. Rows ERB 12345678 910 Columns 3. Find a relation between x and y such that the point (x , y) is equidistant from the points (7, 1) and G,5). 4. Find a point on the y-axis which is equidistant from the points A(6, 5) and B(- 4, 3). 5. Inaclassroom, 4 friends are seated at the points A, B, C and D as shown in Fig. 7.8. Champa and Chameli walk into the class and after observing for a few minutes Champa asks Chameli, “Don’t you think ABCD is a square?” Chameli disagrees. Using distance formula, find which of them is correct. o 12345678 910 Columns6. Name the type of quadrilateral formed, if any, by the following points, and give reasons for your answer wo (- 1,-2), (1, 0), (- 1, 2), (- 3, 0) Gi) 3.5). B. 1), 0,3). C14) Gi) 4,5), 7, 6), (4, 3), (1, 2) 7. Find the point on the x-axis which is equidistant from (2, -5) and (-2, 9) 8. Find the values of y for which the distance between the points P(2, — 3) and Q(10, y) is 10 units. 9. 1fQ(O, 1) is equidistant from P(5,—3) and R(x, 6), find the values of x. Also find the distances QR and PR. 10.In what ratio does the point (4, 6) divide the line segment joining the points A(-6, 10) and B(3, -8)? 11.Find the coordinates of the points of trisection (ie., points dividing in three equal parts) of the line segment joining the points A(2, - 2) and B(— 7, 4) 12.Find the ratio in which the y-axis divides the line segment joining the points (5, — 6) and (-1, ~ 4). Also find the point of intersection 13.If the points A(6, 1), B(8, 2), C(9, 4) and D(p, 3) are the vertices of a parallelogram, taken in order, find the value of p. 14.To conduct Sports Day activities, in your rectangular shaped schoolground ABCD, lines have been drawn with chalk powder at a distance of Im each. 100 flower pots have been placed at a distance of Imfrom each other along AD, as shown in Fig. Niharika runs jth the distance AD on the 2nd line and posts a green flag. Preet runs 5 th the distance AD on the eighth line and posts a red flag. What is the distance between both the flags? If Rashmi has to post a blue flag exactly halfway between the line segment joining the two flags, where should she post her flag? », c 2 1 B T234se678 900 15. Find the ratio in which the line segment joining A (1, ~ 5) and B (4, 5) is divided by the x-axis. Also find the coordinates of the point of division 16.If (1, 2), (4,y), (x, 6) and (3, 5) are the vertices of a parallelogram taken in order, find x and y. 17.Find the coordinates of a point A, where AB is the diameter of a circle whose centre is (2, — 3) and B is (1, 4) 18.1f A and B are (~2, 2) and (2, ~ 4), respectively, find the coordinates of P such that AP = 3 AB and P lies on the line segment AB. 19.Find the coordinates of the points which divide the line segment joining A (~ 2, 2) and B (2, 8) into four equal parts, 20.Find the area of a rhombus if its vertices are (3, 0), (4, 5), (— 1, 4) and (2, ~ 1) taken in order.Chapter — 8 (Introduction to Trigonometry) 1. If Z Band Z Q are acute angles such that sin B = sin Q, then prove that 2 B= 2 Q 2. In. A OPQ, right-angled at P, OP = 7 em and OQ— PQ= | cm. Determine the values of sin Q and cos Q. 3. Given 15 cot A=8, find sin A and sec A. 4. If 2 Aand 7 B are acute angles such that cos A = cos B, then show that 2 A= 2 B. 5. Ifcot 0 =2, evaluate; Gin BG-sine) a (Geos 0)a=c058) 6. Intriangle ABC, right-angled at B, iftan A=, find the value of (i) sinAcos€ + cosAsin€ (ii) cosAcos¢ —sinAsinC 7. In A PQR, right-angled at Q, PR + QR = 25 cm and PQ = 5 em. Determine the values of sin P, cos P and tan P 8. State whether the following are true or false. Justify your answer. (iy The value of tan A is always less than 1 2 (i) secA == for some value of angle A (ii) cos A is the abbreviation used for the cosecant of angle A. (iv) cot A is the product of cot and A. ©) sin@ =4 for some angle 6 9. In A PQR, right-angled at Q, PQ = 3 em and PR =6 cm. Determine Z QPR and Z PRQ 10.1f sin(A — B) = ; and cos(A + B) = 4,0° B, find A and B. 11, Evaluate the following: 2 (i) 2 tan?45° + cos?30° — sin?60° (ji) MBsW¢Htansstcosec oot iy) Seon s0ct80r-tantase sin ®30°+c0570 12.1ftan(A + B) = V3 and tan(A ~ B) = 4, 0° B, find A and B 13. State whether the following are true or false. Justify your answer. @ — sin(A+B)=sin A+sinB (i) The value of sin 0 increases as @ increases Gi) ‘The value of cos increases as @ increases (iv) sin = cos 0 for all values of 0. () cot A is not defined for A = 0°. 14. Express the ratios cos A, tan A and sec A in terms of sin A. 15.Prove that sec A (I~ sin A)(sec A + tan A) = | cotAcosA _ cosecA=t 1G. Prove that coratcosa : cosee AA 17. Prove that SPE=S2834* = ——* 18. Write all the other trigonometric ratios of Z A in terms of sec A. 19. Express the trigonometric ratios sin A, sec A and tan A in terms of cot A. 20.Prove the following identities, where the angles involved are acute angles for which the expressions are defined © (Cosee @ — cov)? = =8 cosé , Itsind (i) = 2secA Tesina * “cosa secosdtané_, cot i-coté * T-tand aiseca _ sin? (ii) =1+sec@ cosec@ i) SecA cosa = cosec A +cotA cos Asin Att ©) cos ays wo secA + tanA sind~2sin39 2c0s38—cos6 tand (ii) (Sin A + cosec A)? + (cosA + sec A)? (ix) (cosee A — sin A)(sec A — cos A) = (a4) = 0 \akeorza) = (ii) + tan?A + cot?A ee tanAtcotA 1, From a point P on the ground the angle of elevation of the top of a 10 m tall building is 30°. A flag is hoisted at the top of the building and the angle of elevation of the top of the flagstaff from P is 45°. Find the length of the flagstaff and the distance of the building from the point P, (You may take V3 = 1.732) 2. The shadow of a tower standing on a level ground is found to be 40 m longer when the Sun’s altitude is 30° than when it is 60°, Find the height of the tower. 3. The angles of depression of the top and the bottom of an 8 m tall building from the top of a multi- storeyed building are 30° and 45°, respectively, Find the height of the multi-storeyed building and the distance between the two buildings. 4, From a point on a bridge across a river, the angles of depression of the banks on opposite sides of the river are 30° and 45°, respectively, If the bridge is at a height of 3 m from the banks, find the width of the river. 5. A tree breaks due to storm and the broken part bends so that the top of the tree touches the ground making an angle 30° with it. The distance between the foot of the tree to the point where the top touches the ground is 8 m. Find the height of the tree. 6. A 1.5 mall boy is standing at some distance from a 30 m tall building, The angle of elevation from his eyes to the top of the building increases from 30° to 60° as he walks towards the building. Find the distance he walked towards the building 7. From a point on the ground, the angles of elevation of the bottom and the top of a transmission tower fixed at the top of a 20 m high building are 45° and 60° respectively. Find the height of the tower, 8. A statue, 1.6 m tall, stands on the top of a pedestal, From a point on the ground, the angle of elevation of the top of the statue is 60° and from the same point the angle of elevation of the top of the pedestal is 45°. Find the height of the pedestal. 9. The angle of elevation of the top of a building from the foot of the tower is 30° and the angle of elevation of the top of the tower from the foot of the building is 60°. If the tower is 50 m high, find the height of the building 10. Two poles of equal heights are standing opposite each other on either side of the road, which is 80 m wide. From a point between them on the road, the angles of elevation of the top of the poles are 60° and 30°, respectively. Find the height of the poles and the distances of the point from the poles 11.A TV tower stands vertically on a bank ofa canal. From a point on the other bank directly opposite the tower, the angle of elevation of the top of the tower is 60°, From another point 20 m awayfrom this point on the line joining this point to the foot of the tower, the angle of elevation of the top of the tower is 30° (see Fig). Find the height of the tower and the width of the canal A am 12. From the top of a7 m high building, the angle of elevation of the top of a cable tower is 60° and the angle of depression of its foot is 45°. Determine the height of the tower. 13. As observed from the top of a 75 m high lighthouse from the sea-level, the angles of depression of two ships are 30° and 45°. If one ship is exactly behind the other on the same side of the lighthouse, find the distance between the two ships, 14.4 1.2 mall girl spots a balloon moving with the wind in a horizontal line at a height of 88.2 m from the ground. The angle of elevation of the balloon from the eyes of the girl at any instant is 60°. After some time, the angle of elevation reduces to 30°. Find the distance travelled by the balloon during the interval 15.A straight highway leads to the foot of a tower. A man standing at the top of the tower observes car at an angle of depression of 30°, which is approaching the foot of the tower with a uniform speed. Six seconds later, the angle of depression of the car is found to be 60°. Find the time taken by the car to reach the foot of the tower from this point. Chapter — 10 (Circles) 1, Theorem: The tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact. 2. Theorem: The lengths of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal 3. Two tangents TP and TQ are drawn to a circle with centre O from an external point T. Prove that ZPTQ=2 2 0PQ 4. A tangent PQ at a point P of a circle of radius 5 cm meets a line through the centre O at a point Q so that OQ = 12 em. Length PQ is (@ 12cm (b) 13 em ()85em (d) VIT9 em 5. PQ isa chord of length 8 cm of a circle of radius 5 cm. The tangents at P and Q intersect at a point T (see Fig,). Find the length TP. 6. If tangents PA and PB from a point P to a circle with centre O are inclined to each other at angle of 80°, then Z POA is equal to (@ 50° (b) 60° (c) 70° (d) 80° 7. Prove that the perpendicular at the point of contact to the tangent to a circle passes through the centre.8. ‘The length of a tangent from a point A at distance 5 em from the centre of the circle is 4 cm. Find the radius of the circle 9. Two concentric circles are of radii 5 cm and 3 em. Find the length of the chord of the larger circle which touches the smaller circle 10.A quadrilateral ABCD is drawn to circumscribe a circle. Prove that AB + CD = AD + BC 11.In Fig. 10.13, XY and X'Y’ are two parallel tangents to a circle with centre O and another tangent AB with point of contact C intersecting XY at A and X'Y' at B. Prove that 7 AOB = 90°. x y. 12.Prove that the angle between the two tangents drawn from an external point to a circle is supplementary to the angle subtended by the line-segment joining the points of contact at the centre. 13. Prove that the parallelogram circumscribing a circle is a rhombus. 14.A triangle ABC is drawn to circumscribe a circle of radius 4 em such that the segments BD and DC into which BC is divided by the point of contact D are of lengths 8 cm and 6 cm respectively (see Fig.). Find the sides AB and AC 5m Fem 15. Prove that opposite sides of a quadrilateral circumscribing a circle subtend supplementary angles at the centre of the circle. Chapter — 11 (Areas related to les} 1, Find the area of the sector of a circle with radius 4 em and of angle 30°, Also, find the area of the corresponding major sector (Use x = 3.14) : 2, Find the area of the segment AYB shown in Fig. 11.6, if radius of the circle > is 21 emand 2 AOB= 120° BNA en 3. Find the area of a quadrant of a circle whose circumference is 22 cm. 4. The length of the minute hand of a clock is 14 cm. Find the area swept by the minute hand in $ minutes, 5. Inacircle of radius 21 cm, an are subtends an angle of 60° at the centre. Find (i) the length of the are (ii) area of the sector formed by the are (iii) area of the segment formed by the corresponding chord. 6. Acchord of a circle of radius 15 em subtends an angle of 60° at the centre. Find the areas of the corresponding minor and major segments of the circle, (Use x = 3.14 and V3 = 1.73)7. Achord of a circle of radius 12 cm subtends an angle of 120° at the centre. Find the area of the corresponding segment of the circle. (Use x = 3.14 and V3 = 1.73) 8. A horse is tied to a peg at one corner of a square shaped grass field of side 15 m by means of a5 m long rope. Find (i) the area of that part of the field in which the horse can graze (ii) the increase in the grazing area if the rope were 10 m long instead of S m. (Use = 3.14) 9. Abrooch is made with silver wire in the form of a circle with diameter 35 mm. The wire is also used in making 5 diameters which divide the circle into 10 equal sectors as shown in Fig, Find: (i) the total length of the silver wire required. (ii) the area of each sector of the brooch 10. A round table cover has six equal designs as shown in Fig. If the radius of the cover is 28 cm, find the cost of making the designs at the rate of 2 0.35 per em?, (Use V3 = 1.7) Chapter — 12 (Surface Areas and Volumes) 1. Rasheed got a playing top (lattu) as his birthday present, which surprisingly had no colour on it. He wanted to colour it with his crayons. The top is shaped like a cone surmounted by a hemisphere (see Fig). The entire top is 5 cm in height and the diameter of the top is 3.5 cm. Find the area he has to colour. (Take = 22/7) Sen 2, The decorative block shown in Fig. is made of two solids — a cube and a hemisphere. The base of the block is a cube with edge 5 cm, and the hemisphere fixed on the top has a diameter of 4.2 ‘em, Find the total surface area of the block. (Take = 22/7 ) 3. A wooden toy rocket is in the shape ofa cone mounted on a cylinder, as shown in Fig, 12.8. The height of the entire rocket is 26 cm, while the height of the conical part is 6 em. The base of the conical portion has a diameter of 5 em, while the base diameter of the cylindrical portion is 3 emIf the conical portion is to be painted orange and the cylindrical portion yellow, find the area of the rocket painted with each of these colours. (Take x= 3.14) iL @: 4, Mayank made a bird-bath for his garden in the shape of a cylinder with a hemispherical depression at one end (see Fig. 12.9). The height of the cylinder is 1.45 m and its radius is 30 cm. Find the total surface area of the bird-bath. (Take x = 22/7) 5. A vessel is in the form of a hollow hemisphere mounted by a hollow cylinder. The diameter of the hemisphere is 14 cm and the total height of the vessel is 13 em. Find the inner surface area of the vessel 6. A toy is in the form of a cone of radius 3.5 cm mounted on a hemisphere of same radius. The total height of the toy is 15.5 cm, Find the total surface area of the toy. 7. . Acubical block of side 7 cm is surmounted by a hemisphere. What is the greatest diameter the hemisphere can have? Find the surface area of the solid, 8. A hemispherical depression is cut out from one face of a cubical wooden block such that the diameter | of the hemisphere is equal to the edge of the cube. Determine the surface area of the remaining solid 9. Amedicine capsule is in the shape of a cylinder with two hemispheres stuck to each of its ends (see Fig. ). The length of the entire capsule is 14 mm and the diameter of the capsule is 5 mm Find its surface area. CT} 10. A tent is in the shape of a cylinder surmounted by a conical top. If the height and diameter of the cylindrical part are 2.1 m and 4 m respectively, and the slant height of the top is 2.8 m, find the area of the canvas used for making the tent. Also, find the cost of the canvas of the tent at the rate ‘of 2500 per m. (Note that the base of the tent will not be covered with canvas.) 11. From a solid cylinder whose height is 2.4 cm and diameter 1.4 cm, a conical cavity of the same height and same diameter is hollowed out. Find the total surface area of the remaining solid to the nearest cm? 12. A wooden article was made by scooping out a hemisphere from each end of a solid cylinder, as shown in Fig. If the height of the cylinder is 10 cm, and its base is of radius 3.5 em, find the total surface area of the article.13. Shanta runs an industry in a shed which is in the shape of a cuboid surmounted by a half cylinder (see Fig.) If the base of the shed is of dimension 7 m x 15 m, and the height of the cuboidal portion is 8 m, find the volume of air that the shed can hold. Further, suppose the machinery in the shed occupies a total space of 300 m: , and there are 20 workers, each of whom occupy about 0.08 m3 space on an average. Then, how much air is in the shed? (Take x = 22/7 ) 14. juice seller was serving his customers using glasses as shown in Fig. 12.13. The inner diameter of the cylindrical glass was 5 cm, but the bottom of the glass had a hemispherical raised portion which reduced the capacity of the glass, If the height of a glass was 10 cm, find the apparent capacity of the glass and its actual capacity. (Use x = 3.14.) 15.A solid toy is in the form of a hemisphere surmounted by a right circular cone. The height of the cone is 2 em and the diameter of the base is 4 cm. Determine the volume of the toy, If'a right circular cylinder circumscribes the toy, find the difference of the volumes of the cylinder and the toy. (Take = 3.14) P F 8} Ic Hl IG 16.A solid is in the shape of a cone standing on a hemisphere with both their radii being equal to | cm and the height of the cone is equal to its radius. Find the volume of the solid in terms of x 17. Rachel, an engineering student, was asked to make a model shaped like a cylinder with two cones attached at its two ends by using a thin aluminium sheet. The diameter of the model is 3. em and its length is 12 em, If each cone has a height of 2 cm, find the volume of air contained in the model that Rachel made. (Assume the outer and inner dimensions of the model to be nearly the same). 18.A gulab jamun, contains sugar syrup up to about 30% of its volume. Find approximately how much syrup would be found in 45 gulab jamuns, each shaped like a cylinder with two hemispherical ends with length 5 em and diameter 2.8 em19.A pen stand made of wood is in the shape of a cuboid with four conical depressions to hold pens. The dimensions of the cuboid are 15 em by 10 em by 3.5 em. The radius of each of the depressions is 0.5 cm and the depth is 1.4 em. Find the volume of wood in the entire stand (see Fig.) 20.A vessel is in the form of an inverted cone. Its height is 8 cm and the radius of its top, which is open, is 5 cm. It is filled with water up to the brim. When lead shots, each of which is a sphere of radius 0.5 em are dropped into the vessel, one-fourth of the water flows out. Find the number of lead shots dropped in the vessel. 21.A solid iron pole consists of a cylinder of height 220 cm and base diameter 24 em, which is surmounted by another cylinder of height 60 cm and radius 8 cm. Find the mass of the pole, given that | cm? of iron has approximately 8g mass. (Use m= 3.14) 22.A solid consisting of a right circular cone of height 120 cm and radius 60 cm standing on a hemisphere of radius 60 cm is placed upright in a right circular cylinder full of water such that it touches the bottom. Find the volume of water left in the cylinder, if the radius of the cylinder is 60 em and its height is 180 em 23. A spherical glass vessel has a cylindrical neck 8 cm long, 2 cm in diameter; the diameter of the spherical part is 8.5 em. By measuring the amount of water, it holds, a child finds its volume to be 345 cm}. Check whether she is correct, taking the above as the inside measurements, and x = 3.14 Chapte 3 (Statistics) 1, Consider the following distribution of daily wages of 50 workers of a factory. Daily Wages | 500-520 520-540 540-560. 560-580 580-600 (ind) Number of | 12 14 8 6 10 workers Find the mean daily wages of the workers of the factory by using an appropriate method. 2. The following distribution shows the daily pocket allowance of children of a locality. The mean wocket allowance is Rs 18. Find the missing frequency f Daily N13 [13-15 [13-17 [17-19] 19-21 ]21-23—- [23-25 Pocket Allowance (in) Number of |7 6 9 13 f 5 4 Children 3. Ina retail market, fruit vendors were selling mangoes kept in packing boxes. These boxes contained varying number of mangoes. The following was the distribution of mangoes according to the number of boxes Number — of | 50-52 53-55 56-58 59-61 62-64 mangoesNumber — of | 15 110 135 11s 25 boxes 4. A class teacher has the following absentee record of 40 students of a class for the whole term Find the mean number of days a student was absent. Number of [0-6 6-10 10-14 [14-20 [20-28 [28-38 [38-40 days Number of | II 10 7 4 4 3 1 Students ” The following table shows the ages of the patients admitted in a hospital during a year: Age (in| 5-15 15-25 25-35 35-45 45-55 55-65 years) Number of | 6 1 21 23 4 3 patients Find the mode and the mean of the data given above. Compare and interpret the two measures of central tendency. ‘The following data gives the distribution of total monthly household expenditure of 200 families of a village. Find the modal monthly expenditure of the families. Also, find the mean monthly ‘expenditure: 2 Expenditure (in 2) ‘Number of families 1000-1500 24 1500-2000 40 2000-2500 33 2500-3000 28 3000-3500 30 3500-4000 22 4000-4500 16 4500-5000 7 7. Ifthe median of the distribution given below is 28.5, find the values of x and y. Class Interval Frequency 0-10 5 10-20 x 20-30 20 30-40 15 40-50 y 30-60 3 Total 60. 8. A life insurance agent found the following data for distribution of ages of 100 policy holders Calculate the median age, if policies are given only to persons having age 18 years onwards but less than 60 years ‘Age (in years) Number of policy holders Below 20 2 Below 25 6 Below 30 24 Below 35, 45 Below 40, 78Below 45 89 Below 50. 92 Below 55 98 Below 60. 100. 9. The lengths of 40 leaves of a plant are measu obtained is represented in the following table wed correct to the nearest millimetre, and the data Length (in mm) Number of leaves 118-126 3 127-135 5 136-144, 9 145-153 12 154-162 2 163-171 4 172-180, 2 Find the median length of the leaves 10.100 surnames were randomly picked up from a local telephone directory and the frequency distribution of the number of letters in the English alphabets in the surnames was obtained as follows: Number of | 1-4 4-7 7-10 10-13 13-16 16-19 letters Number of | 6 30 40 16 4 4 surnames Determine the median number of letters in the surnames. Find the mean number of letters in the surnames? Also, find the modal size of the surnames. Chapter — 14 (Probability) 1. ‘Two players, Sangeeta and Reshma, play a tennis match. It is known that the probability of Sangeeta winning the match is 0.62. What is the probability of Reshma winning the match? 2. Savita and Hamida are friends. What is the probability that both will have (i) different birthdays? (ii) the same birthday? (ignoring a leap year) 3. Complete the following statements: “ Gi) ii) av) ) to... Probability of an event E + Probability of the event ‘not E"= The probability of an event that cannot happen is 4. Which of the following cannot be the probability of an event? (A)2/3 (B)-15 (C)15% = (D)07 5. If P(E) = 0.05, what is the probability of ‘not E°? Such an event is called The probability of an event that is certain to happen is. Such an event is called The sum of the probabilities of all the elementary events of an experiment is ‘The probability of an event is greater than or equal to and less than or equal6. A bag contains lemon flavoured candies only. Malini takes out one candy without looking into the bag, What is the probability that she takes out (i) an orange flavoured candy? (ii) a lemon flavoured candy’ 7. Harpreet tosses two different coins simultaneously (say, one is of | and other of * 2). What is the probability that she gets at least one head? 8. In amusical chair game, the person playing the music has been advised to stop playing the music at any time within 2 minutes after she starts playing. What is the probability that the musie will stop within the first half-minute after starting? 9. A carton consists of 100 shirts of which 88 are good, 8 have minor defects and 4 have major defects. Jimmy, a trader, will only accept the shirts which are good, but Sujatha, another trader, will only reject the shirts which have major defects. One shirt is drawn at random from the carton What is the probability that (i) it is acceptable to Jimmy? (ii) it is acceptable to Sujatha? 10. Two dice, one blue and one grey, are thrown at the same time. Write down all the possible ‘outcomes. What is the probability that the sum of the two numbers appearing on the top of the dice is (8? (ii) 13? (iii) less than or equal to 12? 1. It is given that in a group of 3 students, the probability of 2 students not having the same birthday is 0.992, What is the probability that the 2 students have the same birthday? 12. Which of the following arguments are correct and which are not correct? Give reasons for your answer. (i) Iftwo coins are tossed simultaneously there are three possible outcomes—two heads, two tails or one of each. Therefore, for each of these outcomes, the probability is 1/ 3 - (i) Ifa die is thrown, there are two possible outcomes—an odd number or an even number. Therefore, the probability of getting an odd number is 1/2 13.A missing helicopter is reported to have crashed somewhere in the rectangular region shown in 14.A piggy bank contains hundred S0p coins, fifty 2 | coins, twenty 2 2 coins and ten 2 5 coins. If it is equally likely that one of the coins will fall out when the bank is tured upside down, what is the probability that the coin (i) will be a 50 p coin? (ii) will not be a 5 coin? 15.Gopi buys a fish from a shop for his aquarium, The shopkeeper takes out one fish at random from a tank containing 5 male fish and 8 female fish. What is the probability that the fish taken out is amale fish? 16.A game of chance consists of spinning an arrow which comes to rest pointing at one of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (see Fig.), and these are equally likely outcomes. What is the probability that it will point at(8? (ii) an odd number? (iii) a number greater than 2? (iv) a number less than 9? Nps GRY 17.A die is thrown once. Find the probability of getting (i) a prime number; (ii) a number lying between 2 and 6; (iii) an odd number. 18.One card is drawn from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards. Find the probability of getting (i) a king of red colour (ii) a face card (iii) a red face card (iv) the jack of hearts (v) a spade (vi) the queen of diamonds. 19.Five cards—the ten, jack, queen, king and ace of diamonds, are well-shufiled with their face downwards. One card is then picked up at random. (i) What is the probability that the card is the queen? (ii) If the queen is drawn and put aside, what is the probability that the second card picked up is (a) an ace? (b) a queen? 20. 12 defective pens are accidentally mixed with 132 good ones. It is not possible to just look at a pen and tell whether or not it is defective. One pen is taken out at random from this lot. Determine the probability that the pen taken out is a good one. 21.(i) A lot of 20 bulbs contain 4 defective ones. One bulb is drawn at random from the lot. What is the probability that this bulb is defective? (ii) Suppose the bulb drawn in (i) is not defective and is not replaced. Now one bulb is drawn at random from the rest, What is the probability that this bulb is not defective? 22.A box contains 90 discs which are numbered from 1 to 90. If one disc is drawn at random from the box, find the probability that it bears (i) a two-digit number (ii) a perfect square number (iii) a number divisible by 5. 23.A lot consists of 144 ball pens of which 20 are defective and the others are good. Nuri will buy a pen if it is good, but will not buy if it is defective. The shopkeeper draws one pen at random and gives it to her. What is the probability that (i) She will buy it? (ii) She will not buy it 24. A game consists of tossing a one-rupee coin 3 times and noting its outcome each time, Hanif wins ifall the tosses give the same result i.e, three heads or three tails, and loses otherwise. Calculate the probability that Hanif will lose the game. 25.A die is thrown twice. What is the probability that (i) Swill not come up either time? (ii) 5 will come up at least once?