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Statistics II

The document provides an overview of data presentation methods in statistics, including frequency distribution, cumulative frequency, and relative frequency. It explains various graphical representations such as histograms, frequency polygons, and stem-and-leaf plots, along with measures of position like quartiles, deciles, and percentiles. Additionally, it includes sample problems and questions related to these statistical concepts.

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20 views6 pages

Statistics II

The document provides an overview of data presentation methods in statistics, including frequency distribution, cumulative frequency, and relative frequency. It explains various graphical representations such as histograms, frequency polygons, and stem-and-leaf plots, along with measures of position like quartiles, deciles, and percentiles. Additionally, it includes sample problems and questions related to these statistical concepts.

Uploaded by

fangirljubjub
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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STATISTICS International Mathematics Number: _____ Class: __

Presentation of Data:

FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION: a representation, either table or graph that displays the number
of observations in each given interval.

CUMULATIVE FREQUENCY: the total of a frequency and all frequencies in a frequency


distribution until a certain defined class interval.

RELATIVE FREQUENCY: number of frequency divided by the number of all elements in a data
set.

Samples:

HISTOGRAM: another way of displaying frequency


distribution that uses intervals and classes on its
width and frequency on its length.

FREQUENCY POLYGON: can be an extension of


histogram (or not) that shows a broken line graph.
It connects the class midpoints of each class, connected
by line segments that seemingly manifest a “curve”.

Source: Ch14, Statistics and


Data Anaylysis,
HISTOGRAM with CLASS BOUNDARIES
CLASS BOUNDARIES- extension of class limits on both ends (lower boundary and upper
boundary)

40-day Maturity of a certain Investment


Class Class Class
Boundary Frequency

30-39 29.5-39.5 3

40-49 39.5-49.5 1

50-59 49.5-59.5 8

60-69 59.5-69.5 10

70-79 69.5-79.5 7

80-89 79.5-89.5 7

90-99 89.5-99.5 4

BAR GRAPH vs HISTOGRAM


STEM and LEAF DIAGRAM/PLOT
-a method of organising data based on place value. Split in two parts where the first digit/s from
the STEM and the last digit/s from the LEAF. They are mostly used in displaying the shape of the
data and its quick overview on readers.

Sample:
What is the minimum value of the data? _______
What is the maximum value of the data? _______
What is the range of the data? _______

Measures of Position:

A) QUARTILES are points that divide the ranked data into four equal parts. Each set of data has
three quartiles.
RANGE is highest score - lowest score

1.First quartile(Q1)is the value in the data set such that 25% of
the data points are less than this value and 75% of the data set is
greater than this value.
2.Second quartile(Q2) or MEDIAN is the value in the data set
such that 50% of the data points are less than this value and
50% of the data set are greater than this value.
3.Third quartile(Q3)is the value such that 75% of the values are
less than this value and 25% of the values are greater than this
value.
4.Interquartile range (Q3-Q1)is the difference between the upper quartile (Q3) and the
lower quartile (Q1) in a set of data.
Sample 1:
Compute Q2 for the data relating to the marks of 9 students in an examination given below
25, 48, 32, 52, 21, 64, 29, 57, 23

Q1 = (9+1)/2 = 5th position = 32

Sample 2: Compute Q1 and Q3 for the data relating to the marks of 9 students in an
examination given below 25, 48, 32, 52, 21, 64, 29, 57

DECILES:

Interquartile Range = Q3-Q1 = 55.75 - 26 = 29.75

B) DECILES: are the nine score points which divide a distribution into ten equal parts, so that
each part represents the data set.

Sample: Find D1 of an already arranged data 23, 24, 27, 30, 32, 32, 32, 33, 36, 36, 42, 45, 51, 54, 55,
55, 56, 57, 59, 62, 63, 72, 80.
D1= 24 + 0.4 * (27 – 24) = 25.2

C) PERCENTILE: are the ninety-nine score points which divide a distribution into one hundred
equal parts, so that each part represents the data set.

Sample: Find P40 of the following set of data


19, 12, 16, 0, 14, 9, 6, 1, 12, 13, 10, 19, 7, 5, 8
P40 = 8 + 0.4 ( 9 - 8 ) = 8.4
STATISTICS International Mathematics

Questions:
Open the QR Code to enter your answers

1. A graph that looks like bars but displays the distribution of a variable/data set.
*Bar graph *Frequency Polygon *Histogram
2. The following shows prices of meals at a certain restaurant. The owner wants to construct a
histogram.

How many meals could belong in the interval


$ 10.99 - $13.99?
*6 *8 *10
Prices of Meals

3. The histogram shows the result of the survey conducted of the amount of the first salaries of
new graduates in a certain school.

How many new graduates make under $44,000?


*1 000
` * 650
● cannot be determined * cannot be determined

4. Anna wants to construct a histogram using class boundaries of the following data. What will be
the class boundary of the class 35 - 39?

* 24.5 - 29.5
* 30. 5 - 33.5
* 34.5 - 39.5
5. Using the stem and leaf plot below, what is the range of the data?

* Range = 30
* Range = 19
* Range = 49

6. Using the set of data 48, 39, 57, 32, 28, 63, 51, 54, 36, hat is the median?
* 33 * 48 * 55.5

7. Using the set of data 48, 39, 57, 32, 28, 63, 51, 54, 36, what is the interquartile range of the data
set in number 6?
* 21.5 * 22.5 * 48

8. Using the stem and leaf on the right,


what is the value of Q2?

* 76 * 77 * 78

9. Using the data already in order 23, 24, 27, 30, 32, 32, 32, 33, 36, 38, 42, 45, 51, 54, 55, 55, 56, 57,
59, 62, 63, 72, 80, what is the 4th Decile?

* 31.6 * 36 * 37.2

10. Find 50th Percentile of the following set of data 19, 12, 16, 0, 14, 9, 6, 1, 12, 13, 10, 19, 7, 5, 8

*1 * 10 * 12

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