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The document outlines various types of operating systems, including Batch, Time-Sharing, Distributed, Real-Time, and Network OS, with a focus on Real-Time OS applications like air traffic control. It details Linux features, differences between Time Sharing and Real-Time systems, and essential OS services such as process and memory management. Additionally, it explains system calls, process states, memory management techniques like paging and segmentation, and file operations.

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4 views2 pages

Os 2marks

The document outlines various types of operating systems, including Batch, Time-Sharing, Distributed, Real-Time, and Network OS, with a focus on Real-Time OS applications like air traffic control. It details Linux features, differences between Time Sharing and Real-Time systems, and essential OS services such as process and memory management. Additionally, it explains system calls, process states, memory management techniques like paging and segmentation, and file operations.

Uploaded by

tanishpoweriq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Types of Operating Systems: Batch OS, Time-Sharing OS, Distributed OS, Real-Time OS, Network OS,

2. Real-Time Operating System (RTOS): OS that processes tasks within strict timing constraints.

Applications: Air traffic control, Pacemakers.

3. Features of Linux:

- Open source and free.

- Multiuser and multitasking support.

4. Difference between Time Sharing System and Real-Time System:

- Time Sharing: Focuses on fair sharing of CPU among users.

- Real-Time: Ensures task completion within strict time limits.

5. Services provided by an OS:

- Process management.

- Memory management.

- File system management.

- Security and access control.

6. Types of System Calls:

- Process control (e.g., fork).

- File management (e.g., open, close).

- Device management (e.g., read, write).

- Communication (e.g., send, receive).

7. Process: A program in execution.

PCB: A data structure storing process-related information like state and resources.

8. Process State Diagram:

(New -> Ready -> Running -> Terminated; Waiting <-> Ready)

9. Paging: Divides memory into fixed-size blocks (pages).

Segmentation: Divides memory into variable-size logical units (segments).

10. Virtual Memory: A memory management technique using secondary storage to extend physical memor

11. Memory Compaction: Rearranges memory to reduce fragmentation.


Fragmentation: Wasted memory due to small unusable gaps (internal or external).

12. File Operations: Open, Close, Read, Write.

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