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1.1 - Lab 01 - Study and Demonstration of The Layout of An Automobile

The document outlines the layout and components of an automobile, focusing on the basic structure, suspension system, axles, wheels, power plant, and transmission system. It details the functions and types of each component, including the frame construction, suspension types, and the role of the power plant and transmission in vehicle operation. The experiment aims to study and demonstrate these elements in the context of automobile engineering.

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Bhanga Aayna
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33 views6 pages

1.1 - Lab 01 - Study and Demonstration of The Layout of An Automobile

The document outlines the layout and components of an automobile, focusing on the basic structure, suspension system, axles, wheels, power plant, and transmission system. It details the functions and types of each component, including the frame construction, suspension types, and the role of the power plant and transmission in vehicle operation. The experiment aims to study and demonstrate these elements in the context of automobile engineering.

Uploaded by

Bhanga Aayna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WORLD UNIVERSITY OF BANGLADESH

DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING


Course Title: Automobile Engineering Lab Course Code: MTE-902

Experiment Date :

Experiment No: 01

Experiment Name: Study and demonstration of the Layout of an Automobile.

Objective: Study and Demonstration of Layout of an Automobile.

Theory :
Components of an Automobile

BASIC STRUCTURE – This is the unit on which are to be built the remainder of the units to turn itinto a power-
operated vehicles. It consists of a frame, suspension system, axles, wheels, and tires

Frame – There are two distinct forms of construction

The conventional pressed steel frame to which all the mechanical units are attached and onwhich the body is
superimposed.

The integral or frameless construction, in which the body structure is so designed as to combine the functions of
body and frame, the units normally attached to the frame being attached directlyto the body. Frameless construction
is possible only in the case of a closed car since the roof, screenpillars, door pillars, and rear panel are essential load-
taking parts of the structure.

Suspension System – Functions of suspension systems are

To prevent the road shocks from being transmitted to the vehicle components

To safeguard the occupants from road shocks

To preserve the stability of the vehicle in pitching or rolling, while in motion

There are two types of suspension systems

The conventional system, in which the springs are attached to a rigid beam axle

The independent system, in which there is no rigid axle beam and each wheel, is free to movevertically without any
reaction on the other wheel.

Axles – The weight-carrying portions of the axles, whether it may be front or rear , may be considered asbeams
supported at the ends, loaded at two intermediate points, and subjected to following loads
The vertical load at the spring centers is due to which the weight of the vehicle.

A fore and aft load at the wheel center due to driving or braking effort

Torque reactions due to the drive or brakes.

A side thrust at the radius of the tire due to centrifugal force when rounding a curve.

Wheels – Wire-spoked wheels have been used mainly on sports cars, primarily on account of their
lightweight and quickness in changing the wheel. However, the pressed steel wheel has displaced all
ordinary purposes. Such a wheel consists of a central flanged disc pressed into a rolled section rim
retained in position by welding. Light alloy wheels are currently used in the case of luxury and sports
cars.

1) POWER PLANT-

The power plant provides the motive power for all the various functions which the vehicle or any part of
it, may be called upon to perform. The power plant generally consists of an internal combustion engine
which may be either of spark-ignition or of compression ignition type.

2) TRANSMISSION SYSTEM –

The functions of transmission system are

1) To disconnect the engine from the road wheels when desired


2) To connect the engine to the driving wheels without shock
3) To vary the leverage between the engine and the driving wheels
4) To reduce the speed permanently in a fixed ratio
5) To turn drive through a right angle
6) To make a provision such that the driving wheels may rotate at different speeds while taking
turns.

Clutch – Its purpose is to enable the driver to disconnect the drive from the road wheels instantaneously
and to engage the drive from the engine to the road wheels gradually while moving the vehicle from
rest.

Gear Box (Transmission) – The gearbox or transmission provides the necessary leverage variation
between the engine and road wheels.

Bevel pinion and crown wheel –

They turn the drive through 90 and also provide a permanent reduction in speed .The permanent
reduction is necessitated because of the fact that speed of engine has to be maintained at optimum level
at all times, yet a minimum value of torque has to be made available at the road wheels.
Universal joint-

They provide for the relative movement between the engine and the driving wheels due to the flexing of
road springs.

Differential –

While taking turns, the driving wheels must run at different speeds. This is done with the help of
differential. Instead of using the long propeller shafts and transmitting the power from the engine to the
rear axle, a number of alternative methods have been used.

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