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RW Types of Claims in A Written Text

The document discusses the importance of teaching students to read and evaluate arguments in texts, highlighting that many lack the necessary training, leading to low self-esteem in reading engagement. It defines a claim as an arguable statement and categorizes claims into three types: Claim of Fact, Claim of Value, and Claim of Policy, each with specific characteristics and examples. The document emphasizes that understanding these claims is essential for effective reading and decision-making.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
15 views3 pages

RW Types of Claims in A Written Text

The document discusses the importance of teaching students to read and evaluate arguments in texts, highlighting that many lack the necessary training, leading to low self-esteem in reading engagement. It defines a claim as an arguable statement and categorizes claims into three types: Claim of Fact, Claim of Value, and Claim of Policy, each with specific characteristics and examples. The document emphasizes that understanding these claims is essential for effective reading and decision-making.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Topic Title: TYPES OF CLAIMS IN A WRITTEN TEXT

Students are expected to be able to read and evaluate arguments or opinions in a text but, not all
students are given an equal opportunity to be taught in depth on how to do it. Hence, many learners
develop low self-esteem in engaging reading meaningfully. The
problem is no longer with the students; it is a problem of lack on
training and practice in our current educational system. In fact,
everyone can learn to read and evaluate an argument if resources are
readily made available. Analyzing a text in a formal argument
presented by an author should be seen beyond than a mere of
something one does for a class. It is a basic life skill that everyone
must practice to be able to make reading engagement fruitful and
helpful in our life. Readers must be made aware that the goal of an
author is to convey and persuade, by providing arguments supported with evidences thus, expect them to
change their attitude, belief, or behavior. This poses a challenge to readers. It will now test the ability of the
readers to analyze a text, react, verify issues, affirming one’s value, and make a stance that would lead to
yield right decisions for the betterment of oneself, community and industries. On same note, readers
should also be made fully aware that an opinion, idea, assertion, and arguments cover certain claims. And
there are three types of claim: Fact, Value, and Policy Claim.

What is a Claim?

Claim is an arguable statement – an idea that a speaker or writer expect an audience to accept. A
claim is an opinion, idea, or assertion. Here are some examples: “I think we should protest the Anti-
Terror Bill”. “I believe that the present administration has no concrete plans to fight COVID-19”. “We
need Modernization”. These three claims might all be valid but it should be supported with evidence to
get the agreement of an audience.

The word claim comes from the Latin word clamare, which means “to cry out, shout.” Hence, with
the definition of claim, this can then be argued, verified, or disproved. A claim deals with searching of
agreement from the audience to agree with the statement or discourse. It also involves anticipation
from the audience’s agreement and anxiousness that they might not agree with. A claim must pose two
sides of a coin. It is a question whether the audience will agree or not. Because a claim with certain answer
whether to agree or not to agree is not a claim.

Three (3) types of Claim in a Written Text


1. Claim of Fact. A claim asserts some empirical truth. It is an assertion of:
 A condition that has existed, exists, or will exists.
 Truth of an assertion to be ascertain by an event. The speaker will give information and offer
explanation that characterized the events.
 Argument with strong evidence presented as reason for arguer’s belief in the claim.
Examples:
1. Action research are conducted to respond the needs of the students.
2. Illegal mining has already become an issue in the Philippines.
3. School is the most important part of education.

2. Claim of Value. A claim asserts judgment. It is an assertion of:


 Look for key words that are a matter of judgment rather than fact
such as: good, well, kind, useful, desirable, etc.
 Authors offer reasons of their judgment, with the ultimate goal to get the reader’s agreement with
the reasons rather than compare to fact that establish assent to the claim.
 A claim is based on things we like or dislike. Hence, it deals with the goal on what value us most.
 Authors argument is based on judgement or value and does not necessarily carried out facts.
Disagreements over values is important for us to determine how oneself presented his or her point
over certain belief.
 An argument usually gets approval of the other person involved because of the underlying value
of the claim proves to be acceptable as a public good.
Written by: MARY GRACE C. RAMOS (T-11) Baliwasan SHS Stand-Alone
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Examples:
1. Living in a city is more productive than living in a countryside.
2. Saying “OPO” is the highest form of respect.
3. Staying with the family with limited resources is more valuable than to work abroad.

3. Claim of Policy. A claim asserts that an action should be taken.


 Be careful to call that some actions be taken.
 Take note of the key words “should”, “ought” or “must. These words may not be present all the
time, but if they are, the author’s purpose is usually to call for an action to be taken.
 The most difficult thing in an argument is to decide whether we should take an action or not in
any of the claim.
 Argument usually turns on whether the reasons for taking the action compensates the possible
costs of taking the action.
Examples:
1. Deforestation should be eradicated in the Philippines.
2. The government should pursue scholarship programs especially to those identified
marginalized sectors affected by COVID-19.

3. Child Protection Policy should be implemented in the


school system.

Written by: MARY GRACE C. RAMOS (T-11) Baliwasan SHS Stand-Alone


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Written by: MARY GRACE C. RAMOS (T-11) Baliwasan SHS Stand-Alone

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