Electromagnetics Test 1

Number of Questions: 35 Time: 90 min.

Directions for questions 1 to 35: Select the correct alterna- 10. A Quarter wave transformer can be used for matching
tive from the given choices. accurately
1. Find the Laplacian of V where V = r2cos2f (A) inductive loads only
(A) 4 cos2f (B) – 4rcos2f (B) capacitive loads only
(C) 8 cos2f (D) 0 (C) loads with any nature of reactance
(D) purely resistive loads only
2. An electric potential field is produced in air by point
charges 2mC and 3mC which are located at (–1, 1, 3) 11. A copper wire carries a conduction current 2A at 60
and (2, –1, 4) respectively. The energy stored in the KHz and copper wire has e = 2e0, m = m0, s = 10–2S/m.
field is What is the displacement current in the wire?
(A) 14mJ (B) 4mJ (A) 1.33 mA (B) 3.7 mA
(C) 12mJ (D) 3.2mJ (C) 2.6 mA (D) 2 mA
3. If electric flux density is 12. The magnetic flux density B and the vector magnetic
3 y 2 zaˆx + 3 x 2 yzaˆ y + y 2 aˆz C / m2 , then find the total potential A are related as
(A) B = ∇ × A (B) A = ∇ × B
charge enclosed with in the region 0 < x, y, z < 2. (C) B = ∇ . A (D) A = ∇ . B
(A) 24 (B) 64 
64 13. If the E field of a plane polarized electromagnetic
(C) (D) 32   
3 wave travelling in the y-direction is E = ax Ex + az Ez ,
4. For a conductor conductivity (s) is 5 × 106s/m, and then its H field is [Z0 is intrinsic impedance]
relative permittivity is 3 then Relaxation time is Ex E Ex E
(A) aˆx + z aˆz (B) aˆx − z aˆz
(A) 1.76 psec (B) 5.3 × 10–18 sec Z0 Z0 Z0 Z.0
(C) 5.65 psec (D) 6 psec
Ez E Ez E
5. A parallel plate capacitor has 2pF capacitance and volt- (C) aˆx − x aˆz (D) aˆx + x aˆz
Z0 Z0 Z0 Z0
age 70sin104t V applied to plates. Then the displace-
ment current is 14. A parabolic antenna is operating at mid frequency of
(A) 70 mA (B) 1.4cos104t m A X – band, if frequency is now shifted to S – band mid
(C) 1.4 sin10 t nA
4
(D) sin104t mA frequency. Determine decrease in gain.
6. In a nonmagnetic medium E = 5 cos(2π × 108t – 10x) 3 10
(A) (B)
aˆz V/m then time average power carried by the wave is 10 3
(A) 147 mW/ m2 (B) 158 mW/m2 100
(C) 166 mW/m 2
(D) Zero (C) (D) 9/100
9
7. An electromagnetic wave is travelling in free space 15. A 50W line is terminated with a load impedance of

with electric field component Es = 5ej(0.95x+ 0.8z) ay V/m, 75W. Find the percentage of transmitted power.
then determine ω? (A) 20% (B) 4%
(A) 3.72 GHz (B) 273 MHz (C) 96% (D) 80%
(C) 723 GHz (D) 372 MHz  
16. If S (r) = 10z (r ar + aj ), determine the flux of S out
8. A distortionless line has Z0 = 50W, a = 15mNP/m then of the entire surface of cylinder r = 2, 0 ≤ Z ≤ 2
find resistance of line. (A) 80π (B) 40
(A) 0.75 W/m (B) 3.33 W/m (C) 80 (D) 160π
(C) 0.5 W/m (D) 1.33 W/m
17. Point charges Q1 and Q2 are located at (3, 0, –2) and
9. A wave is travelling from medium 1 to medium 2 as (4, 0, –3) respectively. If Q2 is 5nC. Find the value of
shown in below figure. Then the value of standing wave Q1 when the field E at (5, 0, 6) has no ‘X’ component.
ratio is (A) 2 m C (B) –1.9 nC
medium medium
(C) –3.3 m (D) 3.3 nC
µ0,ε µ0,1.96ε0 18. In a one – dimensional device change density is given
5x 2
(A) 7/6 (B) 1.4 by ru = . If E = 0 at x = 0 and V = 0 at x = a then
a
(C) 6 (D) 2.4
E is
3.236 | Electromagnetics Test 1

+5 5 (A) 8.47 sin (2 × 108t – bx) mV/m aˆ z

(A)
12ae0
( a4 − x 4 ) (B)
12e0
( a3 − x 3 )
(B) 3 cos (2 × 108t – bx) mV/m â x
12 4 12 3 (C) 6.2Cos(2 × 108t – bx) mV/m â z
(C)
5e0 a
( a − x4 ) (D)
5e0
( a − x3 )
(D) 2.82 sin(2 × 108t – bx) mV/m â y
19. A lossy dielectric has an intrinsic impedance of 25. Magnetic field component of a plane wave in a lossless
70∠60°W at a particular w. If at that frequency, the dielectric (mr = 1) is H = 15sin(2π × 108t – 3x) aˆ z
electric field component of a wave is 20.e–ax cos(wt – mA/m, then find maximum magnitude of displacement
3x) aˆ y V/m then find skin depth? of current density.
1 (A) 0.023 (B) 0.032
(A) − 3 (B) (C) 0.141 (D) 0.047
3
26. For a given two dielectric media, medium 1 is free
−1 space and medium 2 has e2 = 9e0. Find the reflection
(C) 3 (D)
3 co-efficient for oblique incidence q = 45° for parallel
20. In a free space, a plane wave with Ei = 8cos(107t – βz) polarization.
â x V/m is incident normally on a loss less medium (A) 0.73 (B) 0.37
(C) 0.5 (D) 0.25
(e = 2e0, m = 8m0) in region Z ≥ 0. Find transmitted
wave Ht. 27. For taking antenna far field pattern, what must be
the distance R, between transmitting and receiving
(
(A) 14.14 cos 10 t − b z aˆ y mA/m
7
) antennas?
( )
(B) 7 cos 10 7 t + b z aˆ y mA/m (A) R > 2
2D 2
l
(B) R >
4 D 2 l2
3
( )
(C) 14 cos 10 7 t − b z aˆ z A/m 2D 2 D2
(C) R > (D) R >
( )
(D) 7 cos 10 7 t − b z aˆ z A/m l 2l 2
28. Inside a waveguide with perfectly conducting walls,
21. In an air filled rectangular wave guide is operating at
any current is in the form of
6GHz and it’s electric field component is in the form of,
(A) conduction current only
 3p x   2p y 
Ex = 4 sin   cos  sin (wt − 10 z ) V/m , then (B) displacement current only
 a   b  (C) sometimes displacement current and some times
find the cut – off frequency by conduction current
(A) 5.98 GHz (B) 5 GHz (D) partially displacement current and partially con-
(C) 7GHz (D) data is insufficient duction current
22. A rectangular wave guide 1.5 cm × 0.75 cm is placed 29. A plane wave with E = 20e–az sin(wt – z) â xV/m is
in air and is being operated at 25 GHz in its dominant propagating through a lossy dielectric medium having
mode of propagation. Total power fed into wave guide an internsic impedance of 277∠30°W. Determine the
is 150 watts. Determine the maximum value of electric depth at which the amplitude of the field is 12% of the
field Intensity? value at Z = 0.
(A) 3.3 KV/m (B) 3.17 KV/m (A) 1.732 m (B) 2.4 m
(C) 3.5 KV/m (D) 3.4 KV/m (C) 3 m (D) 3.67 m
23. The homogenous material inside a co-axial capacitor
30. A uniform transmission line of characteristic imped-
has the parameter er = 2.5, mr = 10 s = 10–6S/m. Given
ance 200W and feeding purely with resistive load of
106
electric field intensity E = sin (10 4 t ) aˆr V/m . Then 100W by using single stub. The stub is placed at a dis-
r tance of ‘r’ from the load. The VSWR at ‘r’ and on the
find Quality factor of the capacitor? stub itself will be
(A) 0.1 (B) 1.1 (A) 0.5 and 0 respectively (B) 3 and 1 respectively
(C) 0.22 (D) 0.8 (C) 2 and ∞ respectively (D) 2 and 1 respectively
24. Consider the region defined by x , y , z < 1 . Let 31. Find the electric field intensity at a distance of 6 km
e = 3e0, m = 4m0 and s = 0, the displacement current from an antenna having directive gain of 6 dB and radi-
density Jd equals to 15 cos(2 × 108t – bx) â y mA/m2. ating power of 10 kW.
(A) 0.4 V/m (B) 0.26 V/m
Assume no D. C fields are present. Calculate value of
(C) 0.024 V/m (D) 0.9 V/m
electric field intensity (E)
 Electromagnetics Test 1 | 3.237

Common data for Questions 32 and 33: Statement for Liked answer Questions: 34 and 35:
Region Y < 0 consists of a perfect conductor while region The observed standing wave ratio on a 150 W lossless line
Y > 0 is a dielectric medium (er1 = 1.5). If there is a surface is equal to 10. If the first maximum voltage occurs at 0.4l
charge of 5nC/m2 on conductor from the load.
32. Determine E at (5, –1, 1). 34. Calculate load impedance.
(A) 2 V/m (B) 3V/m (A) 256.42∠7.5°W (B) 33.5∠90°W
(C) 4/3 V/m (D) Zero (C) 15∠–90°W (D) 256.42∠82.5°W
33. Find E at point (–2, ,3, 7). 35. Find voltage reflection constant.
(A) 5aˆ x V/m (B) 2aˆ y V/m (A) 0.81∠–80° (B) 0.89∠60.42°
(C) 0.634∠0° (D) 1∠0°
(C) 376.5aˆ y V/m (D) (−2aˆ x )
+ 3aˆ y V/m

Answer Keys
1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. D
11. A 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. C 16. D 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. A
21. A 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C
31. B 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B

Hints and Explanations

1 ∂  ∂V  1 ∂ 2V ∂ 2V E2  120p 
1. ∇2V = r + + 6. Pavg = = but h = 
r ∂r  ∂r  r 2 ∂j 2 ∂Z 2 2h er 

1 ∂ 1
=
r ∂r
( 2 r 2 cos 2j ) − 2 4 r 2 cos 2j + 0
r er =
10 × 3 × 108
=
15 225
= er = 2
2p × 10 8
p p
= 4cos2f – 4cos2f = 0 Choice (D)
25 × 15
Q1Q2 Pavg =
2. WE = 2 × 120p × p
4pe0 r
= 0.158W/m2 ≃ 158mW/m2 Choice (B)
−12
2 × 3 × 10 × 9 × 10 54
9
j ( k x aˆ x + k y aˆ y + k z aˆ z )
= = × 10 −3 ≈ 14mJ 7. Es = E0ejk.r = E0 e
9 + 4 +1 14
[Kx= 0.95, kz = 0.8]
 Choice (A)
K= k x2 + k x2 + k z2
3. D = 3 y zaˆx + 3 x yzaˆ y + y aˆz
2 2 2

∇ . D = ru = 3x2z = (0.95)2 + (0.8)2 [ ∵ kx = 0.95

2 2 2
Kz = 0.8]
∫ ∫ ∫ 3x
2
then volume integral ⇒ z dx dy dz K = 1.242
0 0 0
⇒ In free space β = 1.242 = w m0 e0
3
x z y 8× 4×2
2

= 3 = 2
= 32 Choice (D) 1.242
3 2 ⇒ w= = 1.242 × 3 × 108
m0 e0
er e0
4. Tr (Relaxation time) = = 3.72 × 108 = 372MHz Choice (D)
s
3 × 10 −9 8. distortionless line RC = GL
= = 5.3 × 10–18sec Choice (B) Z0 = L / C
5 × 106 × 36p
RC
∂D e ∂V a= RG = R × = R C/L
5. Jd = = [∵ D = eE and E = V/d] L
∂t d ∂t
⇒ R = aZ0 = 0.75W/m. Choice (A)
e A ∂V ∂V
⇒ Id = =C h2 − h1 e1 − e 2 1 − 1.4 −0.4
d ∂t ∂t 9. é = = = =
h2 + h1 e 2 + e1 1.4 + 1 2.4
= 2 × 10–12 × 70 × 104 cos104t
= 1.4cos104t mA Choice (B) Γ = 1/6
3.238 | Electromagnetics Test 1

1+ Γ 7 1  Q1 ( −2aˆx − 8aˆz ) 5 × 10 −9 ( − aˆ x − 9aˆ z ) 

VSWR = = = 1.4 17. E =  + 
1− Γ 5 4pe0 (68)3/ 2 (82)3/ 2
 
 Choice (B)
Q1 at E has no x component
10. In a Quarter wave transformer 3
2 −2Q1 5 × 10 −9 5 × 10 −9  68  2
Z 0 = ⇒ Q1 =  82 
Zin = so, it is used for accurate matching of purely 3 3
2
ZL (68) 2 (82) 2
resistive loads only. Choice (D) ⇒ Q1 = –1.9 × 10–9C Choice (B)
Conduction current density I A sE − rv −5 x 2
11. = C = 18. Poisson’s equation ∇2V = =
displacement current density I D A we E e0 ae0
IC s −5 x 3
= +A
I D we Integrating on both sides ∇V =
3ae0
I c we 2 × 2p × 60 × 2e0 × 103 And E = –∇V = 0 at x = 0 so A = 0
⇒ ID = =
s 10 −2 −5 x 3 −5 x 4
⇒ ∇V = integrating both sides V = +B
= 1.33 mA Choice (A) 3ae0 12e0
12. From max well equations ∇ . B = 0 V = 0 at x = a
and from vector identify ∇ . (∇ × A) = 0 5a3
⇒ B = ∇ × A Choice (A) ⇒ B=
12e0
 1  1
13. H = (
aˆ y XE = )
 aˆ y × aˆ x Ex + aˆ y × aˆ z Ez  +5
Z0 Z 0 ⇒ V=
12ae0
( a4 − x 4 )  Choice (A)
− Ex E E  E 
= aˆz + aˆx z = z ax − x az  Choice (C) V
Z0 z0 Z0 Z0 19. Given that E = 20e–ax cos(wt – 3x)
m
14. X band range → 8 – 12GHz → mid frequency 10GHz
β=3
S band range → 2 – 4GHz → mid frequency 3GHz
Gain of parabolic antenna (G) = 6(D/l)2 me  
2
s
1 a= w  1 +   − 1
Ga 2   we  

l2
G a f2
me  
2
s
Gs 9 β= w  1 +   + 1
=  Choice (D) 2   we  
Gx 100 
1/ 2
75 − 50 25  s
2 
15.  = = = 1/5  1 +   − 1 
75 + 50 125 a   we  
= 
⇒ Pt = Pin(1 – 2) b 2
 1 +  s  + 1
= Pin (1 – 1/25) = 0.96Pin Choice (C) 
 we 
 
16. Y = ∫ S . ds = ∫ ∇.S dV s
S V but = tan2qh = − 3
we
1 ∂ 1 ∂ ∂
∇.S= ( rS r ) + Sj + ( SZ ) a
=
1
r ∂r r ∂j ∂Z ⇒a= 3
b 3
∂
=
1
r ∂r
(10Z r2 ) + 1r ∂∂j (10Z ) = 20Z Skin depth d = 1/a =
1
 Choice (B)
2p 2 2
3
Y = ∫ ∇.SdV = ∫ ∫ ∫ 20 Z rd rdjdz
V 0 0 0 20.
Ei
= hi
2 2
Hi
z2 r2
= 20 × +8
2 2 0
× 2π = 160π Choice (D)
⇒ Hi = cos (10 7 t − b z ) aˆ y
0
120p
 Electromagnetics Test 1 | 3.239

8 ⇒ I C = 2πl
h2 = 120p = 240π
2 ∂E 106 × 10 4
Jd = e = e× cos (10 4 t )
h2 − h1 (2 − 1) h0 ∂t r
Reflection co – efficient  = = = 1/3
h2 + h1 (2 + 1) h0 1010 e
∫∫ r cos10 t.ds
4
⇒ ID =
2 16
Ht =
3
Hi ⇒ H =
t
360p
(
cos 10 7 t − b z aˆ y )
 1010 × e  25
= 2prl  cos10 4 t  =  cos(104t)
(
= 14.14 cos 10 t − b z aˆ y mA/m
7
) Choice (A)  r  8

wm0 m 25
21. Intrinsic impedance (Zi) = = ld = 
b e 8

2p × 6 × 109 × 4p × 10 −7 Id 25
= = 4.737kW Quality factor Q = = ≃ 0.22
10 Ic 8 × 2Π

h0 120p  Choice (C)

We know that Zi = = = 4737
2 2 ∂D
 f   f  24. Jd =
1−  c  1−  c  ∂t
 f0   6
⇒ D= ∫J d dy = ∫ 15cos (2 × 108 t − bx )10 −6 dt
⇒ fc = 5.98 GHz Choice (A)
15 × 10 −6
1 1 Em2 = sin (2 × 108 t − bx ) + C1
22. Poynting vector = Em H m = 2 × 108
2 2 h
TE10 is dominant mode for a rectangular wave guide [c1 = 0 because No DC fields]
D 7.5 × 10 −14
Power flow 150 ⇒ E= = sin (2 × 108 t − bx )
P = = = 133.33 × 104 W/m2 e e
area 1.5 × 0.75

h0 = 2.82sin (2 × 108t – bx) ay mV/m Choice (D)
⇒ ZTE =
 fc 
2 25. H = 15 sin(2π × 108t – 3x) â z mA/m
1−   ⇒ β = 3, w = 2π × 108
 f0 
w
β= er
C 3 × 1010 C
fc = = = 10 GHz
2a 2 × 1.5 3 × 3 × 108
377 ⇒ = e r = 1.43
2p × 108
ZTE = 2
= 411.34W
 10  er = 2.05
1−  
 25  377
E = hH = × 15 × 10 −3 sin (2p × 108 t − 3 x ) aˆ y
 er
Emax = 2 × P XZTE
(
= 3.947sin 2p × 10 t − 3 x aˆ y
8
)
= 2 × 411.34 × 133.33 × 10 V/m
4

D = eE = 3.49 × 10 sin (2p × 10 t − 3 x ) aˆ y

−11 8
⇒
Emax = 3.3 kV/m Choice (A)
23. Quality factor of capacitor ∂D
⇒ JD =
displacement current I ∂t
= 3.49 × 10 −11 × 2p × 108 cos (2p × 108 t − 3 x ) ay
Q= = d 
Conduction current Ic
= 22.9cos(2π × 108t – 3x)mA/m2
Conduction current (Ic) = ∫∫ J .ds (JD)max = 22.9 × 10–3 = 23 × 10–3 ≃ 0.023
106 sin (10 4 t )  Choice (A)
J = sE = 10
−6
sin (10 4 t ) =
r r 26. For parallel polarization
sin (10 4 t ) (sin10 t ) 4
Reflection coefficient =  =
er2 cos qi − er1 cos qt
IC = ∫∫ r
ds = 2pr
r er2 cos qi + er1 cos qt
3.240 | Electromagnetics Test 1

2
sin qi 9e0 Es = 666 × 10 −4
= =3
sin qt e0 Es = 0.26 V/m Choice (B)
1 32. Inside conductors E = 0 Choice (D)
⇒ Sinqt = ⇒ qt = 13.63
3 2 33. Point (–2, 3, 7) is in directive medium since Y = 3 > 0
cosqt = 0.97 Dn = rs = 5nC/m2
3cos 45° − 0.97 Hence Dn = 5aˆ y nC / m
2
=
3cos 45° + 0.97
D 5 × 10 −9
2.121 − 0.97 1.15 E= = × 36Π × 109
= = e0 er 1.5
2.121 + 0.97 3.09
= 376.5aˆ y V/m  Choice (C)
 = 0.37 Choice (B)
34. First voltage maxima occurs at 0.4l from the load
2D 2
27. For far field pattern R >  Choice (C) 2p
l βl = × 0.4 l
l
28. Choice (B)
= 2.513rad
s Input impedance seen from voltage maximum point is
29. We know that tan2qh = = tan60° = 3
we Z 150
Zin = 0 = = 15W
From equation we get β = 1 S 10
1
We know that
 s
2 2
 1 +   − 1   Z + jZ 0 tan b  
a   we   Zin = Z 0  L 
=   Z 0 + jZ L tan b  
b 2
 1 +  s  + 1  Z L + j150 tan (2.513) 

 we 
  15 = 150  
 150 + jZ L tan (2.513) 
a 1
= 1 Z L − j109
b 3 ⇒ =
10 150 − j 0.726 Z L
1
⇒ a= [∴ Consider ZL as complex number ZL = RL + jXL]
3
⇒ 15 – j RL(0.0726) + 0.0726x = RL + j(XL – 109)
⇒ depth at which amplitude is 12% By comparing real and imaginary parts
20e–az = 20 × 0.12 = 2.4 RL = 15 + 0.0726XL and RL (0.0726) = XL – 109
⇒ z = 3.67m Choice (D) ⇒ XL = 254.23
Z RL = 33.45
30. VSWR on the length r is = 0 [∵ Z0 > ZL)
ZL ⇒ ZL = 33.45 + j254.23 = 256.4∠82.5° Choice (D)
200 Z L − Z0
= =2 35.  =
100 Z L + Z0
On stub Z0 = 200, ZL = 0 33.45 + j 254.23 − 150
=
Z 200 33.45 + j 254.23 + 150
VSWR on stub = 0 = = ∞ Choice (C)
ZL 0 −116.55 + j 254.23
=
31. Gd(dB) = 6 = 10log10Gd ⇒ Gd = 4 183.45 + j 254.23
2 2hGd Prad 279.67∠114.6°
⇒ We know that Es =
4pr 2 =
313.5∠54.18
2 × 120p × 4 × 10 4  = 0.89∠60.42° Choice (B)
=
4 × p × (6 × 103 )
2