Week 4 – Chapter 3

Auxiliary Views – Part 1

Descriptive Geometry – DFTG 2317

Dr. Henry Hoang

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 Week 4 – Agenda

 Auxiliary View

 Practices

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 Auxiliary View Introduction

 There are times when the six principal views (Top, Front, Bottom, Left side,
Right side, and Back) will not completely describe an object. This is
especially true when there are inclined or oblique planes or features on an
object. For these cases, a special orthographic view called an auxiliary
view can be created.
 Additionally, auxiliary views are used to show an object from an odd angle
for any of a variety of reasons.

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 The Six Principle Views

 None of the views gives an accurate depiction of surface ABCD.

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 Auxiliary View Introduction (continued)

 You have learned that it is possible for an observer to move to different
positions to view an object. In addition, you have seen how to draw the
different views in their proper relationship on a sheet of paper. Sometime it
is necessary to view objects from various angles.
 View projected on any projection plan other than the principal planes are
auxiliary views.
 A primary auxiliary view is found by projecting onto a plane that is
adjacent and thus perpendicular to one of the six principle planes of
orthographic box.
 A secondary auxiliary view is found by projecting onto a plane that is
adjacent and thus perpendicular to a primary auxiliary view.
 Finding the necessary view of the object for dimension often requires the
use of auxiliary views (primary, secondary, etc.).

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 Introduction (continued)
 With "Multiview or Three View Projections," we learned to describe an
object with views on the three regular planes of projection. These are the
top, or horizontal plane; the front, or vertical plane; and the side, or
profile plane. With these planes, you can solve many graphic problems.
 However, to solve problems involving inclined (slanted) surfaces, you will
need to learn to draw views on auxiliary (additional) planes of projection.
These are called auxiliary views.

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 Introduction (continued)
 A view projected on any projection plane other than one of the 3 principal
planes of projection (frontal, horizontal, or profile).

 A PRIMARY auxiliary view is

obtained by projection on a
plane that is perpendicular to
one of the 3 planes of
projection and is inclined to
the remaining two.

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 Auxiliary Views - Graphically

 Principal faces of the above object are NOT Parallel to the standard
planes of projection
 The auxiliary view shows the TRUE Size and Shape of the hole feature

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 Example of auxiliary view

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 Auxiliary Vs. Principle Views

 Principle planes
1. Horizontal (Top and Bottom view)
2. Frontal (Front and Back view)
3. Profile (Left and Right Side view)
 Auxiliary views
1. Definition: An Orthographic view that is projected onto a plane that is
NOT parallel to ANY of the PRINCIPLE planes
2. Purpose: To show the TRUE shape of a detail that does not lie in one
of the principle planes

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 What is an Auxiliary View?

 An auxiliary view is an orthographic view taken in such a manner that the
lines of sight are not parallel to the principal projection planes (frontal,
horizontal, or profile). There are an infinite number of possible auxiliary
views of any give object
 In other words: Any auxiliary view is an orthographic view which is
projected onto any plane other than the frontal, horizontal, or profile plane.
An auxiliary view is not one of the six principal views.
 There are times when one of the six principal views will not completely
describe an object. This is especially true when there are inclined or
oblique planes or features on an object.
For these cases, a special orthographic view called an auxiliary view can
be created.

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 Auxiliary View

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 Auxiliary View: Primary auxiliary view (on a plane perpendicular to one of

the principle planes)
TV
AUXILIARY PLANE PRIMARY
AUXILIARY
VIEW
Fold line,
Reference line,
Reference axis

FV

SV

Exact dimensions and shape

can be seen without any
Plane is rotated about calculations
the line of intersection
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 When should we use it?

 When creating engineering drawings, it is often necessary to show
features in a view where they appear true size so that they can be
dimensioned.
 The object is normally positioned such that the major surfaces and
features are either parallel or perpendicular to the principle planes.
 Views are normally selected so that most of the features will be visible in
the three principal views.
 The front, top, and left or right side views are most commonly drawn.

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 When should we use it? (continued)

 Many objects are quite complex, and the three principal views may not
best present the geometry of the part.
 Certain features may not appear true size and shape in those views, or
may be hidden. In this case one or more auxiliary views typical are drawn.
 Primary auxiliary views are projected off one of the principal views
 Secondary auxiliary views are projected off a primary auxiliary view.

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 Definitions
 Auxiliary view – additional view
 Auxiliary section – used when cutting plane is not parallel to any of the
normal views
 Edge view – when a cutting plane appears as an edge or line
 Oblique plane – one that is inclined to all three normal planes
 An auxiliary view is an orthographic view which is projected onto any plane
other than the frontal, horizontal, or profile plane.
 An auxiliary view is not one of the six principal views.
 One of the principle reasons for drawing auxiliary views is to show a
surface at true size and shape.

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 Classifications
 Auxiliary views are created by positioning to new line of sight relative to
the object. It is possible to create any number of auxiliary views, including
a new auxiliary view from an existing auxiliary view.
 A primary auxiliary view is a single view projected from one of the
six principal views
 A secondary auxiliary view is a single view projected from a primary
auxiliary view.
 A tertiary auxiliary view is a single view projected from a secondary
or another tertiary auxiliary view

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 Classifications (continued)
Primary
Auxiliary View

Secondary
Auxiliary View

Tertiary
Auxiliary View

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 Applications of Auxiliary Views

 Auxiliary views are used to determine the true size and shape of features
that would appear foreshortened in any of the principal views. The
applications for auxiliary views can be grouped into the following five
areas:
1. Reverse construction
2. True length of a line
3. Point view of a line
4. Edge view of a plane
5. True size of a plane
 For some objects, an auxiliary view must be created before a principal
view can be drawn, using a technique called reverse construction.
 Auxiliary views can be used to draw a view in a specified direction. To
create a view of an object in a specified direction, find the point view of the
line of sight.

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 Summary
 Descriptive Geometry uses auxiliary views to solve engineering problems.
The four following auxiliary views are basic to solving problems in
descriptive geometry:
1. Auxiliary view to show the true length of a line.
2. Auxiliary view to show the point view of a line.
3. Auxiliary view to show the edge view of a plane.
4. Auxiliary view to show the true size of a plane.

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 Summary (continued)
 Auxiliary views are a type of orthographic projection used to determined
the true size and shape of inclined and oblique surfaces of objects.
 Normally, auxiliary views are projected from existing principal views
 However, auxiliary views can also be drawn first and then used to create a
principal views. This is done when a true measurement can only be
obtained by an auxiliary view and that measurement is needed in order to
create a principal view. This technique is called reverse construction.
 Any number of auxiliary views of an object can created. Successive
auxiliary views can be created by projecting from an existing auxiliary view.

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 DFTG – 2317 Lecture Outlined
 Week 5 – Auxiliary Views II (Chap. 3)

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Week 4
 Assignments

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