Parallel lines

1 The equations y = 2x, y = 2x + 5 and

y = 2x − 7 have been graphed on the same y
10
10 yy =
= 22xx
number plane: 88
66
a What do all of the equations have in yy =
= 22xx +
+ 55
44
common?
22
x
b What do all the lines have in common?
−
−10
10 −
−88 −
−66 −
−44 −
−22 22 44 66 88 10
10
−
−22
−
−44
yy =
= 22xx −
− 77
−
−66
−
−88
−
−10
10

2 State whether the following pairs of lines are parallel:

a y = −3x − 2 and y = −3x + 9 b y = −2x − 5 and y = −2x − 8

c y = 7x + 8 and y = −5x + 8 d y = 4x − 1 and y = 4x − 6
e x = 4 and y = 5 f y = 7x − 5 and y = −7x + 6
g y = 3x − 5 and y = − 1 x + 6 h y = −8x − 2 and 9x + 7
3
​

3 State whether the following lines are parallel to y = 7x + 3:

a y = 7x − 3 b y = 6x + 3 c y = 7x + 4 d y = 7x
e y = 6x + 4 f y = −7x + 3 g y = 3x + 7 h y = −3x − 7

4 State whether the following lines are parallel to y = −3x + 2:

a y = 3x b −3y − x = 5 c y = −10 − 3x d y + 3x = 7

5 State whether the following lines are parallel to y = 9x + 2:

a y = 9x b y = −9x + 5 c y = −9x + 2 d y = 9x − 2

6 Consider the lines L1 : 5x + 8y − 10 = 0 and L2 : y = − 5x + 8.

8
​ ​

a Find the gradient of line L1 . b Find the gradient of line L2 .

c Are the two lines parallel?

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7 Consider the line y = 2x + 2. If every point on the line is shifted 2 units up, find the equation
of the new line.

8 Every point on a particular line is shifted 6 units down. The resulting line has equation
y = 2x − 2. Find the equation of the original line.

9 Find the equation of a line described by the following information:

a Parallel to the x-axis and passes through (−10, 2).

b Parallel to the y -axis and passes through (−7, 2).
c Parallel to the line y = −3x − 8 and cuts the y -axis at −4.
d Parallel to the line y = 8x − 3 and cuts the y -axis at 5.
e Parallel to the line y = −2x + 9 and passes through the point (−3, 1).

10 If the following pairs of lines are parallel, find the value of b :

a 0 = 5x − 9y + 6 b y = bx + 4
0 = bx + 3y − 2 4
2y = x − 7
5
​

11 The line L1 goes through (3, 2) and (−2, 4).

a Find the gradient of line L1 .

b Find the equation of the line that has a y -intercept of 1 and is parallel to line L1 .
​

12 The line L1 goes through (−9, 10) and (2, −1).

a Find the gradient of line L1 .

b Find the equation of the line that passes through (10, 8) and is parallel to line L1 . ​

13 The line L1 passes through the point (9, −5) and is parallel to the line y = −5x + 2.

a Find the gradient of line L1 . b Find the equation of line L1 .

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Applications

14 Consider the following points on the

number plane: y
D
D 10
10
88
Point A (2, −1)
66
Point B (4, −7)
44
Point C (−3, 1)
22
Point D (−6, 10) C
C x
−
−10
10 −
−88 −
−66 −
−44 −
−22 22 A44
A 66 88 10
10
−
−22
a Find the gradient of the line AB . −
−44

b Find the gradient of the line CD. −

−66
B
B
−
−88
c Is the line CD parallel to AB ?
−
−10
10

15 Consider the following points on the

number plane: y
10
10
88
Point P (0, −1)
66 R
R
Point Q (5, 0) SS
44
Point R (0, 6)
22
Point S (−5, 5) x
Q
Q
−
−10
10 −
−88 −
−66 −
−44 −
−22 P22
P 44 66 88 10
10
−
−22
a Find the gradient of PQ. −
−44

b Find the gradient of RS . −

−66
−
−88
c Are PQ and RS parallel?
−
−10
10
d Are QR and PS parallel?
e What type of quadrilateral is PQRS ?

16 Determine whether the following sets of points are collinear:

a Point A (−4, 3), Point B (−2, 7) and Point C (−7, −3).

b Point A (−3, 1), Point B (−2, 6) and Point C (0, 14).
c Point A (−2, 4), Point B (2, 2) and Point C (4, 1).

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