AMAZON RDS

SET UP, OPERATE, AND SCALE A RELATIONAL DATABASE IN THE CLOUD

INTRODUCTION STRUCTURED QUERY LANGUAGE DATABASE ENGINES STATES MULTI-AZ DEPLOYMENTS
Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) is the fully- SQL is a standardized language, meaning it is widely RDS comes with different engines for different In RDS your database can be in different states. The most RDS supports Multi-Availability Zone deployments. It’s a
managed SQL database offered by AWS.

supported and can be used with many different database requirements important states are feature to ensure high availability as it creates a secondary
management systems.

Amazon Auror available - Your database is available and ready to standby instance in a different availability zone.

It allows you to get a SQL database up and running in a few MySQ receive request
'
clicks. You don t need to manage the infrastructure or It’s well suited for working with large structured data sets MariaD backing-up - There’s a running process that will create a In an event of failure of the primary instance, the standby
operating system.

due to its powerful query and data manipulation PostgreSQ backup of your database. You can have a higher load on instance gets automatically promoted by RDS to the new
functionalities.

Oracl the CPU primary instance to take over traffic.

It is a very popular service because it reduces the efforts of Microsoft SQL Server

creating - The database will be created AZ-A AZ-B

provisioning and administration of databases. The Contrary, NoSQL solutions are more flexible and scalable deleting - The database will be deleted synchronizes
alternative before RDS was setting up your own virtual option but are mostly a great fit for unstructured (or semi- One thing to be aware of these engines is the exact version failed - Your DB failed and RDS can’t recover it ry
recove
V
machine. With the M you needed to take care o structured) data. If looking at options like DynamoDB, its AWS supports. The engine itself is an official release of the maintenance - RDS is doing maintenance work on your Primary
 Secondary

Operation System configuratio often very important to know your data access patterns engine. But AWS often supports certain versions of this Database Database
database. You defined the maintenance window Application
System update upfront. engine.
modifying - There are user modifications going on This tremendously minimizes downtimes and enables your
Securit For example, in RDS you can use Postgres 14.3-R1. The latest stopped - The database stopped application to continue running without much interruptions.

Network configuratio n
minor version is 14.4. If you need a certain version check this storage-full - The storage of your database is full
and much more. With RDS this is much easier.

BACKUPS before migrating the whole workload to RDS. upgrading - Your database upgrades to a new version. Key facts about Multi-AZ deployments with RDS
You can automatically backup your database with RDS.

You set up your database, receive a connection string, and

Enable it either during database generation or afterward.

designed to protect against any failure, e.g. underlying

hardware or power outages
you are good to go.
MONITORING SCALING ️ the standby instance is always kept in sync
The backup retention period defines how long backups are RDS provides a range of tools and features to monitor the
Scaling your database is important to handle peak loads, but the standby instance can be kept in another AZ or even
kept. The defaults are availability and performance of your database instances.

also to spend less money (and CO2) on unused resources. another region, but in the same AWS account
READ REPLICAS One day if you activated it from API or CL
A read replica is a second database that only enables read Seven Days if you’ve activated it from the consol e

Among them are ↑ Upscaling - Increase your database’s performance

costs increase, as you effectively run more instance
there’s support for several database engines
access. You often use read replicas for read-heavy Integration with CloudWatch - RDS submits metrics to ↓ Downscaling - Decrease your database’s performance.
applications to increase performance.

Your backup window is the time when a backup takes place.

CloudWatch like the CPU and memory usage, I/O activity,

There are different modes of scaling: vertical & horizontal
and database connections. You can set up alarms to be PRICING
Read Replicas can be in the same region or you can create /
Backups increase the I O a lot. Don’t do this during peak notified if thresholds are breached Horizontal: Add more instances (e.g. to another region RDS is priced on the instance class and how long an instance
one in another region .

times. Also, AWS pre-defined backup windows are based on ️Performance Insights - extending the default metrics Vertical: Improve the instance (e.g. t3 to t4)

runs. It’s not a usage based pricing model.

us-east-1 eu-west-1 the timezone of the datacenter. with fine-grained real-time performance data, including
Primary Read-Replic a
wait times and active transactions There are no upfront costs and several features, including
Database Database
Database Logs - RDS stores a lot of different logs per automated backups, monitoring, or database maintenance,
ENCRYPTION us-east-1 eu-central-1
low latency

link
high
writ latency

low latency

read-only link .
RDS supports encryption at rest Your data is encrypted
instance, including ones for errors or slow transactions db.t3.micro are free of charge.

e lin
k

directly on the server.

Monitoring Scripts - RDS provides a set of monitoring
scripts that can be executed to determine things like
US Users EU Users
db.t4g.large

The main price factors are

US Users EU Users This is activated by default on every database.

long-running queries or blocking locks. You can either run Instance clas
The default encryption key is saved in KMS (Key
Each read replica has its own endpoint. For example them manually or set a schedule to execute them Number of node
Management Service). You can also provide your own keys
< >
primary: db. id .us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.co
or separate keys per customers.
automatically. On-demand or reserved pricin
< >
replica: replica. id .us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com
Read replicas also need to be encrypted.
Storage