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Physics Investigatory Project Synopsis

The document outlines a physics investigatory project on magnetic levitation, detailing the aim, materials, theory, procedure, testing, and observations. It explains the principles of magnetic forces, including repulsion, Earnshaw’s Theorem, and diamagnetism, and provides a step-by-step guide to demonstrating levitation using neodymium magnets and a non-magnetic base. The project emphasizes the importance of stability and adjustments in achieving successful magnetic levitation.

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63 views3 pages

Physics Investigatory Project Synopsis

The document outlines a physics investigatory project on magnetic levitation, detailing the aim, materials, theory, procedure, testing, and observations. It explains the principles of magnetic forces, including repulsion, Earnshaw’s Theorem, and diamagnetism, and provides a step-by-step guide to demonstrating levitation using neodymium magnets and a non-magnetic base. The project emphasizes the importance of stability and adjustments in achieving successful magnetic levitation.

Uploaded by

sena.professional
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY PROJECT SYNOPSIS

Magnetic levitation

AIM- To demonstrate the concept of magnetic levitation (maglev) and explain


the underlying principles of magnetic forces and stability.

MATERIALS REQUIRED-

1. Neodymium magnets: Strong rare-earth magnets.


2. Graphite or diamagnetic material: Examples include pyrolytic graphite
or bismuth sheets.
3. Non-magnetic base: A wooden or plastic base to support the setup.
4. Adhesive tape or glue: To fix magnets securely.

THEORY-

1. Repulsive Forces: Like poles of magnets repel each other due to


their magnetic fields.
2. Earnshaw’s Theorem: Pure magnetic levitation is unstable without
additional constraints or materials like diamagnetic substances.
3. Diamagnetism: Certain materials (e.g., graphite, bismuth) create weak
opposing magnetic fields in the presence of a magnetic field, aiding
levitation.

PROCEDURE-

1. Prepare the Magnets:


● Identify the poles of the neodymium magnets by bringing two
magnets close together. If they repel, you are facing like poles
(mark these sides).
2. Set Up the Clamp Stand:
● If using a clamp stand, adjust it to extend as far as possible.
Securely attach a plastic tube horizontally so that its bottom is
slightly above your finger's width plus the thickness of one
magnet.
3. Position the Load:
● Place a lightweight object (like a small plastic cup) on top of one
magnet, ensuring it is placed on the unmarked side (the side that
will face down).
4. Insert the Magnet into the Tube:
● Hold the magnet and load together and insert them into the
bottom of the tube with the marked side facing down. Keep it in
place with your finger.
5. Place the Second Magnet:
● Position another neodymium magnet directly underneath the
tube, with its marked side facing up.
6. Release and Observe:
● Remove your finger from the first magnet. The upward repulsive
force from the magnet below should cause the top magnet (and
its load) to levitate within the tube.

Testing and Observations


1. Load Testing:
● Gradually increase the weight on top of the levitating magnet by
adding small weights or coins in the cup.
● Observe how much weight can be added before the magnet no
longer levitates.
2. Stability Observations:
● Adjust the distance between magnets to observe changes in
stability.
● Note how slight movements affect levitation; this demonstrates
concepts of equilibrium and magnetic forces.
3. Alternative Configurations:
● Experiment with different arrangements, such as using multiple
magnets or different materials for comparison.
● You can also try using a spinning disc setup for advanced
experiments involving induced currents, as described in related
studies

OBSERVATIONS-
1. The floating magnet or object will remain suspended in the air,
showcasing magnetic levitation.
2. Minor adjustments to spacing and alignment are critical to achieving
balance.

RESULT-Explanation of magnetic forces and stability.


DIAGRAM-

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