f.ngh.j. (c.

juk;) cjtpf; fUj;juq;F - 2014

ngsjpftpay; I ,uz;L kzpj;jpahyk;

mwpTWj;jy;fs; :
* vy;yh tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpil vOJf.
* rupahd my;yJ kpfg; nghUj;jkhd tpiliaj; njupT nra;f.
(g = 10 N kg −1)

1. tPd; khwpypapd; SI myF

(1) m K (2) N K (3) W K (4) J K (5) kg K
2. epiykpd; nfhs;ssT C MfTk; kpd; jil R MfTk; ,Ug;gpd;> CR ,d; gupkhzq;fs;
(1) M (2) T T (3) L (4) M (5) T
−1 −1

3. jpzpT m I cila xU Jzpf;if Ntfk; u cld; epiyf;Fj;jhf Nky;Nehf;fp vwpag;gl;lJ.

,af;fj;jpw;F tspapdhy; Vw;gLj;jg;gLk; jil tpir F xU khwhg; ngWkhdj;ijf;
nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ. Jzpf;if nry;Yk; cau;e;jgl;r cauk;

(1) mu
2
(2) mu
2
(3) mu2 (4) u2 (5) mu2
4F 2F 2 mg+ F 4g + F 2 mg + F
F (N)
4. Xa;tpy; cs;s Xu; 2 kg nghUspd; kPJ jhf;Fk; xU tpir F
MdJ Neuj;Jld; khWk; tpjk; tiugpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. 2

25 nrf;fd;fSf;Fg; gpd;du; nghUspd; ce;jk;

(1) 5 N s (2) 20 N s (3) 25 N s 1

(4) 30 N s (5) 35 N s
0 5 10 15 20 25 t (s)

5. Kjypd; Ntfk; Clfj;jpD}lhf miyfs; nry;Yk; Ntfj;ij tpQ;Rk; xU re;ju;g;gkhf mikahjJ

(1) kPnahyp Mfha tpkhdk; gwf;ifapy; tpNrl xyp Nfl;ly;
(2) ePu; kPJ tpiuthfr; nry;Yk; xU ts;sj;jpd; gpw;gf;fj;jpy; ntz;zpw ePuiyfs; cz;lhjy;
(3) Nky; thdpw; nry;Yk; Xu; Mfha tpkhdj;jpd; gpwg; f;fk; ntz;zpw nkd;%Lgdp Nghy; Njhw;wy;
(4) Xu; Cu;tyj;jpy; rTf;fpdhy; mbg;gtd; rTf;if tpiuthf mbf;Fk;NghJ ntbnahyp Nfl;ly;
(5) Gtpia Nehf;fpr; nrd;Wnfhz;bUf;Fk; Mfhaf;fw;fs; ePy epwj;jpy; Njhw;wy;

6. ,U kug; ngl;bfspy; nghUj;jg;gl;l A, B vd;Dk; ,U ngupa ,irf; fitfisf; fpl;l itj;J A

ia mjpur; nra;jNghJ B Ak; cau;e;jgl;rr; nrwptpy; mjpu;e;jJ. mjd; gpd;du; A apd; ftu;fis
muhtp A, B Mfpa ,uz;ilAk; kWgbAk; mjpur; nra;jNghJ 5 s ,y; 10 mbg;Gfs; Nfl;ld.
,g;NghJ A ia kPbwd; 256 Hz MfTs;s NtNwhu; ,irf; fit C cld; mjpur;nra;jNghJ 5 s
,y; 20 mbg;Gfs; Nfl;ld. B apd; kPbwd;
(1) 254 Hz (2) 256 Hz (3) 258 Hz (4) 260 Hz (5) 264 Hz
7. xU FtpT tpy;iyapd; %yk; xU nka;g; nghUspd; xU nka; tpk;gj;ij cz;lhf;Fk;
re;ju;g;gj;jpw;Fg; ngupjhf;fk; M vdpd;> nghUs; J}uk; u cld; 1/M ,d; khwiy kpfTk; ed;whf
tifFwpg;gJ

1/ 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/
M M M M M

0 0 0 0 0
u u u u u
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

[gf;. 2 Ig; ghu;f;f

 -2-
8. Ftpaj; J}uk; 100 cm, 6 cm MfTs;s ,U FtpT tpy;iyfspdhy; xU thdpay; njhiyfhl;b
mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. mjidg; gad;gLj;jp xUtu; njhiytpy; cs;s xU nghUspd; tpk;gj;ij
mtUila mz;ikg; Gs;spapy; mtjhdpf;Fk;NghJ njhiyfhl;bapd; ePsk; 105 cm Mf ,Ue;jJ.
mtUila njsptiug; ghu;itapd; tPr;rpd; ,opTj; J}uk; ahJ?
(1) 6 cm (2) 25 cm (3) 30 cm (4) 100 cm (5) 105 cm

9. Xu; milj;j ghj;jpuj;jpy; ePuhtp khj;jpuk; cs;sJ. ,e;ePuhtpapd; mKf;fk; P Mf ,Uf;Fk; mNj
4
Ntis mt;ntg;gepiyapy; ePuhtpapd; epuk;gpa MtpaKf;fk; P MFk;. ghj;jpuj;jpd; fdtsit
mjd; njhlf;fg; ngWkhdj;jpd; 1 Mff; Fiwf;Fk;NghJ ghj;jpuj;jpy; ,Ue;j ePuhtpapy; xLq;Fk;
rjtPjk; 8
(1) 40% (2) 50% (3) 60% (4) 70% (5) 80%

10. Nky; epiyg; Gs;sp> fPo; epiyg; Gs;sp Mfpad KiwNa 96 °C, −2 °C vdg; gpioahf msT
Nfhblg;gl;Ls;s xU ntg;gkhdp cs;sJ. rupahf msTNfhblg;gl;l xU ntg;gkhdpapd; thrpg;G
50°C Mf ,Uf;Fk;NghJ gpioahd ntg;gkhdpapd; thrpg;G
(1) 46 °C (2) 47 °C (3) 48 °C (4) 49 °C (5) 50 °C

11. Gtpapd; Miu R Mf ,Uf;Fk; mNj Ntis ,il mlu;j;jp ρ MFk;. Gtp kPJ cs;s xU
Gs;spapd; GtpaPu;g;gpdhyhd Mu;KLfy; g MFk;. Miu R MfTk; ,il mlu;j;jp 3ρ MfTk;
2
cs;s xU Nfhs; kPJ cs;s xU Gs;spapy; GtpaPu;g;gpdhyhd Mu;KLfy;
g
(1) (2) g (3) g (4) 2g (5) 3g
3 2 3 2

12. xU ePskhd fk;gp cUtpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wthW Miu r
I
cs;s xU tl;lj; jlj;jpd; xU gFjpia cz;lhf;FkhW
tisf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. fk;gpapD}lhf Xu; Xl;lk; I r
ghAk;NghJ jlj;jpd; ikaj;jpd; fhe;jg; gha mlu;j;jp

(1)
μo I
( 3 + π2 ) (2) μ4rI ( 3 + π1 )
o
(3)
μo I
8r
( 3 − π2 ) (4)
μo I
( 3 − π1 ) (5) (
μo I 3 1
+ )
8r 4r 8r 2 π

13. cUtpy; fhzg;gLk; xU jilap R ,w;Ff; FWf;Nf njhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s

MlNyhl;l toq;fypd; MlNyhl;lj;jpd; cr;rg; ngWkhdk; Io MFk;.
jilap R ,y; ,il tY tpuak;
~
R
2
Io R 2
(1) 1 I2 R (2) (3) Io R
2 o
√2 2
(4) 2 I 2R (5) 2Io R
o √
R

14. cUtpy; cs;s Rw;wpy; ,Uf;Fk; fyq;fspdJk;

mk;gpau;khdpfspdJk; mfj; jil g+r;rpakhFk;. Mspia %b P E1
iaAk; Q itAk; FWQ;Rw;whf;fpaNghJ mk;gpau;khdp thrpg;Gf;F
vd;d eilngWk;? (E1 > E2) A1

A1 ,d; thrpg;G A2 ,d; thrpg;G S

P Q
(1) mjpfupf;fpd;wJ mjpfupf;fpd;wJ
A2
(2) mjpfupf;fpd;wJ Fiwfpd;wJ E2
(3) Fiwfpd;wJ Fiwfpd;wJ
(4) Fiwfpd;wJ mjpfupf;fpd;wJ
R
(5) A2 ,w;Fr; rkk; A1 ,w;Fr; rkk;

[gf;. 3 Ig; ghu;f;f

 -3-

15. cUtpy; cs;s Rw;wpy; ,Uf;Fk; Nthy;w;Wkhdpapd; mfj; jil 1 000 Ω
Mf ,Uf;Fk; mNj Ntis Msp %lg;gl;bUf;Fk;NghJ Nthy;w;Wkhdpapd; 1000 Ω
10 V
thrpg;G 4 V MFk;. jil R ,d; ngWkhdk;
(1) 50 Ω (2) 200 Ω (3) 250 Ω r=0
V
(4) 1 000 Ω (5) 2 000 Ω
R

16. rk ePsKs;s A, B vd;Dk; ,U fk;gpfspd; aq; kl;Lfs; KiwNa YA, A B

YB vdpd;> YA ( YB = 3 ( 2 Mf ,Uf;Fk; mNj Ntis A, B Mfpatw;wpd;
FWf;Fntl;Lg; gug;gsTfSf;fpilNa cs;s tpfpjk; 2 ( 1 MFk;.
A, B Mfpatw;wpd; fPo; EdpfSld; njhLf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; Xu; l l
,Nyrhd Nfhy; CD apd; xU Gs;sp G apypUe;J xU Rik W itj;
G
njhq;ftpLk;NghJ CD fpilahf ehg;gj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk;NghJ tpfpjk;
C D
CG ( GD MdJ W
(1) 1 ( 2 (2) 1 ( 3 (3) 2 ( 1
(4) 3 ( 1 (5) 4 ( 1

17. Miu R I cila xU nky;ypa tl;l cNyhfj; jfL xU E}ypypUe;J T
njhq;ftplg;gl;L> cUtpy; cs;sthW ePupy; mkpo;j;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. mJ
mkpo;e;Js;s Mok; (h) cld; E}ypd; ,Oit (T) khWk; tpjj;ijr;
rupahff; fhl;Lk; tiuG

T T T T T

0 2R h 0 2R h 0 2R h 0 2R h 0 2R h
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

( C ) fUtpd; Nja;T fPNo fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.

14
18. xU fjpu;j;njhopw;ghl;Lf; fhgd;
6

14 14

6
C N+X
7

X MdJ xU
(1) α Jzpf;if (2) β Jzpf;if (3) γ Nghl;ld; (4) epa+j;jpud; (5) GNuhj;jd;

19. Xu; xspf;fyj;jpd; fNjhl;L kPJ Eiotha; kPbwdpYk; $ba kPbwDs;s

fjpu;g;G gLk; xU re;ju;g;gk; cUtpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. gpd;tUk;
A
$w;Wfisf; fUJf. V
(A) ,iwNahjw;wpd; %yk; Nthy;w;Wkhdpapd; thrpg;igf; $l;Lk;
NghJ mk;gpau;khdpapd; thrpg;Gk; mjpfupf;fpd;wJ.
(B) gLk; fjpu;g;gpd; nrwpT mjpfupf;Fk;NghJ mk;gpau;khdp thrpg;G
mjpfupf;fpd;wJ.
(C) kpd; fyj;ij mfw;Wk;NghJk; mk;gpau;khdpapy; thrpg;G fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
,tw;Ws; cz;ikahd $w;W / $w;Wfs;

(1) (A) khj;jpuk; (2) (B) khj;jpuk; (3) (C) khj;jpuk;

(4) (A), (B) Mfpad khj;jpuk; (5) (B), (C) Mfpad khj;jpuk;
[gf;. 4 Ig; ghu;f;f
 -4-
F

20. xU ghf;Fntl;bapdhy; ghf;if ntl;Ltjw;F mjd; Gaq;fSf;Fr;

nrq;Fj;jhf tpir F gpuNahfpf;fg;gLk; tpjk; cUtpy; 5l
fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. cUtpy; xU ehg;gj; jhdk; fhl;lg;gl;bUg;gjhff;
fUJk;NghJ ghf;fpd; xU gf;fj;jpy; cs;s tpir l
(1) F (2) 2F (3) 4F
(4) 5F (5) 6F

F



21. cUtpy; fhzg;gLk; nrt;tpsePupy; NkNy Jisj;jNghJ mjpy; cs;s
h
mlu;j;jp ρ it cila jputk; Xu; cau;e;jgl;r cauk; h ,w;F vOfpd;wJ
mj;jputk; gpRf;fpd;wpa neUf;fKbahj xU gha;knkdf; nfhz;L
Jisg;gjw;F Kd;ghfr; nrt;tpsePupy; cs;s mKf;fk; tspkz;ly
mKf;fj;jpYk; ghu;f;ff; $bajhf ,Uf;Fk; msT jputk;

(1) √ hρg (2) √ 2hρg (3) 1 hρg

2
(4) hρg (5) 2hρg

22. Xa;tpypUe;J ,aq;fj; njhlq;Fk; xU nghUs; rPuhd Mu;KLfYld; Xu; xg;gkhd fpilj;
jsj;jpd; kPJ ,aq;fp> n nrf;fd; Neuj;jpy; Ntfk; v iag; ngWfpd;wJ. (n − 2) nrf;fd;> n nrf;fd;
Neu Mapilfspy; nghUspd; ,lg;ngau;r;rp
2nv 2v v(n2 − 1)
(1) 2nv (2) (3) (4) 2v(n − 1) (5)
(n + 1) (n − 1) n n 2n

23. Miu a ia cila xU flj;Jk; Xl;bw;F xU +Q Vw;wk; toq;fg;gLk; mNj Ntis Miu
b (b > a) ia cila NtnwhU xUikaf; flj;Jk; Xl;bw;F xU −Q Vw;wk; toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
kpd;Gyr; nrwpT E MdJ ikaj;jpypUe;J cs;s J}uk; r cld; khwiyf; fhl;Lk; tiuG

E E E E E

a b r a b r a b r a b r a b r
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

24. cUtpy; cs;sthW 5 A tPjk; Xl;lj;ijf; nfhz;L nry;Yk; %d;W Kbtpy; A 5A
÷
Neu;r; rkhe;juf; flj;Jk; fk;gpfs; xU gf;fj;jpd; ePsk; 5 cm MfTs;s 5A
xU rkgf;f Kf;Nfhzpapd; A, B, C Mfpa cr;rpfspD}lhfr; nry;YkhW × C
itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. C kPJ itf;fg;gl;Ls;s fk;gpapd; XuyF ePsj;jpd; kPJ
cs;s tpirapd; gUkDk; jpirAk; (μ0 = 4π × 10 H m )
−7 −1

B ×
(1) 1 × 10 N m
−6 −1
(2) 1 × 10 N m
−5 −1
(3) 2 × 10 N m
−5 −1 5A

(4) 2 × 10 N m (5) 1 × 10 N m
−5 −1 −4 −1

25. ,U xj;j ghj;jpuq;fspy; xNu ntg;gepiyapy; CO2 thAtpy; 44 g ck; O2 thAtpy; 64 g ck;
NtWNtwhf cs;sd. CO2 thA gpuNahfpf;Fk; mKf;fk; P vdpd;> ,U ghj;jpuq;fspYk; ,Uf;Fk;
thAf;fs; xU ghj;jpuj;jpy; ,lg;gl;lhy;> mg;ghj;jpuj;jpy; cs;s nkhj;j mKf;fk;.
(1) P (2) 1.5 P (3) 2 P (4) 2.5 P (5) 3 P

[gf;. 5 Ig; ghu;f;f

 -5-
26. ePu; nfhjpePuhtpahf khWk; re;ju;g;gj;ijf; fUJNthk;. ntg;gtpaf;ftpaypd; rkd;ghL ΔQ = ΔU + ΔW
,w;Nfw;g mk;khw;wk; eilngWk; re;ju;g;gj;jpy;
(A) ΔU = 0.
(B) ΔW > 0.
(C) ΔQ > 0.
Nkw;Fwpj;j $w;Wfspy; cz;ikahdJ / cz;ikahdit
(1) (A) khj;jpuk; (2) (A), (B) Mfpad khj;jpuk;
(3) (A), (C) Mfpad khj;jpuk; (4) (B), (C) Mfpad khj;jpuk;
(5) (A), (B), (C) Mfpad vy;yhk;

27. m vd;Dk; xU jpzpT njhq;ftplg;gl;Ls;s Xu; xg;gkhd ,Nyrhd fg;gpiar;

Rw;wpr; nry;Yk; Xu; ,io ,NyrhfTk; ePl;lKbahjjhfTk; ,Uf;Fk; mNj Ntis
cUtpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wthW mjDld; tpy; khwpyp k tPjk; cs;s ,U ru;trk
tpw;fs; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. njhFjpapd; Mtu;j;jd fhyk;
(1) π m (2) π m (3) 2π m
√
2k √k 2k √
(4) 2π m (5) 2π √2m
√k k
m

28. Kidj; jpUj;jk; e MfTs;s xU gupTf; Foha; ePupy; Kw;whf mkpo;j;jg;gl;L> Foha; gbg;gbahf
cau;j;jg;gLk; mNj Ntis mjd; jpwe;j Kidf;Ff; fpl;l Xu; ,irf; fitia mjpur; nra;Ak;
NghJ ,U Kjy; gupTr; re;ju;g;gq;fspYk; tsp epuy;fSf;fpilNa ePsj;jpy; cs;s tpj;jpahrk;
L MFk;. tspapD}lhf cs;s xypapd; fjp V vdpd;> ,irf; fitapd; kPbwd;
V
(1) (2) V (3) V (4) V (5) V
2L+2e 2L+e L+e L 2L

29. xU Rukhdpapy; xU Rikiag; gpuNahfpj;J Xu; ,Oitf;F cl;gLj;Jk;NghJ Xu; ,irf; fitAld;
gupTWk; kpff; FWfpa ePsk; l1 MFk;. Nkw;Fwpj;j Rikia Kw;whf ePupy; mkpo;j;Jk;NghJ mJ
,irf; fitAld; gupTWk; kpff; FWfpa ePsk; l2 MFk;. Rik nra;ag;gl;Ls;s jputpaj;jpd;
njhlu;G mlu;j;jp
2 2 2
(1) l1 (2) l1 (3) l1 (4) l2 (5) l1
l2 l1 − l2 2
l1 − l2
2 2
l2
2
l1
30. mlu;j;jp ρ1 IAk; jpzpT m1 IAk; cila xU jputf; fdtsT mjw;Fr; rkkhd fdtsT
cs;s mlu;j;jp ρ2 IAk; jpzpT m2 IAk; cila xU jputj;Jld; fyf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. fyitapd;
fdtsT Fiwahtpl;lhy;> fyitapd; mlu;j;jp
ρ1− ρ2 ρ2− ρ1 ρ1+ ρ2 2ρ + ρ ρ1+ 2ρ2
(1) (2) (3) (4) 1 2 (5)
2 2 2 2 2

31. ntg;gepiy mjpfupf;Fk;NghJ eilngWk; fdtsT tpup Gwf;fzpf;fg;glj;jf;f xU nghUs;

tspapy; epWf;fg;gLk;NghJ mjd; epiw 45 N MFk;. mJ xU jputj;jpy; Kw;whf mkpo;j;jg;gl;L
kWgbAk; epWf;fg;gLk;NghJ thrpg;G 44.58 N MFk;. jputj;jpd; ntg;gepiyia 100°C ,dhy;
cau;j;jp kWgbAk; mg;nghUis Kw;whfj; jputj;jpy; mkpo;j;jp epWf;Fk;NghJ thrpg;G 44.60 N
MFk;. jputj;jpd; fdtsT tpupifj;jpwd;
(1) 5 × 10 K (2) 5 × 10 K (3) 4.5 × 10 K (4) 5 × 10 K (5) 5.5 × 10 K
−5 −1 −4 −1 −3 −1 −3 −1 −3 −1

'' ''

32. cUtpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wthW Nfhy; AB MdJ ,U 30° 60°

,iofspdhy; fpilahfj; njhq;ftplg;gl;Ls;sJ
Nfhypd; GtpaPu;g;G ikak; G vdpd;> tpfpjk; AG A B
MdJ GB

(1) 3 : 1 (2) √3 : 1 (3) 1 : √3 (4) 1 : 1 (5) 1 : 3

[gf;. 6 Ig; ghu;f;f

 -6-
33. xU Fwpj;j ,lj;jpw;F ,U re;ju;g;gq;fspy; NtWNtwhff; fpilf;Fk; ,U xypfspd; xypr;
nrwpT kl;lq;fs; KiwNa 20 dB, 60 dB MFk;. mt;tpU re;ju;g;gq;fspYk; Fwpj;j ,lj;jpw;Ff;
fpilf;Fk; xypr; nrwpTfs; KiwNa I1, I2 MFk;. tpfpjk;
I1 MdJ
I2
(1) 10 (2) 10 (3) 10 (4) 10 (5) 10
−6 −4 −2 2 4

34. KwpTr; Rl;b 4 MfTs;s Xu; Clfj;jpD}lhfr; nry;Yk; Xu; xspf; fjpu; KwpTr; Rl;b 4
√3 3
MfTs;s Xu; Clfj;jpy; 30° Nfhzj;jpw; gLfpd;wJ.
gpd;tUk; $w;Wfisf; fUJf.
(A) fjpupd; tpyfy; 30° MFk;.
(B) fjpu; KO mfj; njwpg;Gf;F cl;gLfpd;wJ.
(C) Kwpfjpu; gFjpj; njwpfjpUf;Fr; nrq;Fj;jhdJ.
,tw;wpy; cz;ikahdJ / cz;ikahdit
(1) (A) khj;jpuk; (2) (B) khj;jpuk; (3) (A), (B) Mfpad khj;jpuk;
(4) (A), (C) Mfpad khj;jpuk; ,
(5) (B) (C) Mfpad khj;jpuk;
A

35. cUtpy; fhzg;gLk; jil tiyaikg;gpy; A apw;Fk;

B apw;FkpilNa cs;s rktYj; jil
R R
(1) R R 2R R
2
(2) R R
R 2R R
R 2R
(3) 3R
2 R R
R
R
(4) 2R 2R R R 2R

(5) 5R 2R
R R
2 R R

E I (A)

36. cUtpy; cs;s Rw;wpy; jil R I khw;Wk;NghJ

r 4
Nthy;w;Wkhdpapd; thrpg;Gld; mk;gpau;khdpapd;
thrpg;G khWk; tpjk; tiugpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. A
fyj;jpd; kpd;dpaf;f tpirAk; mfj; jilAk; R
KiwNa
(1) 2 V, 0.5 Ω (2) 2 V, 1 Ω (3) 2 V, 2 Ω V 0 2 V (V)
(4) 4 V, 1 Ω (5) 4 V, 2 Ω

V
37. xU epiykpd; Gyj;jpd; J}uk; (r) ,w;Nfw;g epiykpd; mOj;jk; (V)
khWk; tpjk; cUtpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. mjid xj;J epiykpd; Gyr;
nrwpT (E) khWtij kpfr; rpwe;j tpjj;jpy; tifFwpf;Fk; tiuG

0 r
E E E E E
0 0 0
r0 r0 r r r
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

C
38. nfhs;ssT C tPjk; cs;s MW ru;trkf; A
nfhs;sstpfspdhy; Mf;fg;gl;Ls;s njhFjpapd; A apw;Fk;
B apw;FkpilNa cs;s rktYf; nfhs;ssT C C
C
(1) C (2) 2 (3) C C C C
6
(4) 2C (5) 6C B

[gf;. 7 Ig; ghu;f;f

 -7-
39. rPuhd jbg;Gs;s Xu; vz;nza;g; gil g+rg;gl;Ls;s fpilAld; xU Nfhzk; θ ,y; cs;s xU
fulhd rha;jsj;jpd; cr;rpapy; xU kur; rJuKfp Xa;tpy; itf;fg;gl;L tpLtpf;fg;gl;lJ. θ = 35°,
θ = 45° Mfpa ,U re;ju;g;gq;fspYk; rJuKfpapd; Ntf - Neu tiuGfs; KiwNa (A), (B) Mfpa
tisapfspdhy; tifFwpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. (A), (B) Mfpatw;iw tifFwpg;gjw;F kpfTk; cfe;j
tiuG
v v v v v
(B) (A) (B)
(B) (A) (B)
(A) (A) (B) (A)

0 0 0 0 0
t t t t t
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

40. cUtpy; xU rpypf;fd; jpuhd;rpw;wu; cs;s Rw;W ,Uf;fpd;wJ. VCE apd; ngWkhdk; mz;zsthf
.
5V
(1) 2.7 V
2.3 kΩ
(2) 3.3 V
B C
(3) 3.7 V
(4) 4.3 V E
(5) 4.7 V 4.3 kΩ
−5 V
41. gpd;tUk; gliyr; Rw;Wfspy; S - R vOtPo; (flip - flop) ngwg;glj;jf;fJ

S Q S Q S
Q

R Q R R
Q Q
(A) (B) (C)
(1) (A) khj;jpuk;' (2) (B) khj;jpuk;. (3) (A), (C) Mfpad khj;jpuk;
,
(4) (B) (C) Mfpad khj;jpuk; (5) (A), (B), (C) Mfpa vy;yhk;

42. 30 Ω
+12 V
10 Ω + Vin
− 5V
V in −12 V Vout
0
t
−5 V

,q;F nga;g;G Nthy;w;wsT cUtpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wthW khWnkdpd;> gag;G Nthy;w;wsT

Vout Vout Vout

0 0 0
t t t

(1) (2) (3)

Vout Vout

0 0
t t

(4) (5)
[gf;. 8 Ig; ghu;f;f
 -8-
P

mupaj;jpd; Nfhzk; 90° MfTs;s Xu; mupaj;jpd; gug;G PQ

43.
kPJ Xu; xUepw xspf; fjpu; gl;L> mjd; gpd;du; Kwptile;J>
gpd;du; gug;G PR kPJ mtjpf; Nfhzj;jpy; gLfpd;wJ. mupak;
nra;ag;gl;Ls;s jputpaj;jpd; KwpTr; Rl;b 2 MFk;.
gpd;tUk; $w;Wfisf; fUJf. √ 3 Q R
(A) fz;zhbf;Fupa mtjpf; Nfhzk; 60°MFk;.
(B) gug;G PQ kPJ gLiff; Nfhzk; > 30°.
(C) gLiff; Nfhzk; tpyfw; Nfhzj;jpw;Fr; rkk;.
,tw;wpy; cz;ikahdJ / cz;ikahdit
(1) (A) khj;jpuk; (2) (A), (B) Mfpad khj;jpuk; (3) (A), (C) Mfpad khj;jpuk;
(4) (B), (C) Mfpad khj;jpuk; (5) (A) , (B), (C) Mfpa vy;yhk;

44. cUtpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wthW tY 90 W MfTs;s xU
ntg;gkhf;fw; RUs; Xu; cNyhff; Fw;wpapy; mkpo;j;jg;gl;bUf;Fk;
mNj Ntis mt;TNyhff; Fw;wp ntg;gepiy 30°C
MfTs;s Xu; miwapy; njhq;ftplg;gl;Ls;sJ. ntg;gkhf;fw;
RUs; njhopw;gl;lNghJ Fw;wpapd; ntg;gepiy 80°C
,w;F cau;e;J> gpd;du; khwhky; ,Ue;jJ. ,g;NghJ
ntg;gkhf;fw; RUspd; kpd; toq;fy; njhopw;glhjpUf;Fk;
NghJ cNyhff; Fw;wp 0.18°C s tPjj;jpy; Fspu;r;rpahjy;
−1

njhlq;Ffpd;wJ. cNyhff; Fw;wpapd; ntg;gf; nfhs;ssT

(1) 100 J K (2) 200 J K (3) 300 J K (4) 400 J K (5) 500 J K
−1 −1 −1 −1 −1


θ °C
45. ntg;gf; nfhs;ssT Gwf;fzpf;fj;jf;f xU ghj;jpuj;jpy;
90
xU jpz;kk; khwh tPjj;jpy; ntg;gkhf;fg;gLk;NghJ
75
Neuj;Jld; ntg;gepiyapd; khwy; cUtpy;
fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. jpz;kj;jpd; jd;ntg;gf; nfhs;ssT 60
2100 J kg K MFk;. ,j;jputpak; jput epiyapy;
−1 −1
45
,Uf;Fk;NghJ jd;ntg;gf; nfhs;ssT
30
(1) 600 J kg K (2) 700 J kg K (3) 800 J kg K
−1 −1 −1 −1 −1 −1

(4) 900 J kg K
−1 −1
(5) 1000 J kg K
−1 −1 15

100 200 300 400 500 t (s)

A
46. xU ePskhd Neu;f; fk;gpf;Ff; fpl;l A, B vd;Dk; ,U I
tl;lf; flj;Jk; jl;Lfs; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. A Ak;
fk;gpAk; xNu jsj;jpYk; B apd; jsk; mj;jsj;jpw;Fr;
nrq;Fj;jhfTk; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. fk;gpapD}lhfg; ghAk; B
Xl;lk; (I) MdJ Neuk; (t) cld; khWk; tpjk; tiugpdhy; I
tifFwpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. mg;NghJ A, B Mfpatw;wpy;
J}z;lg;gLk; kpd;dpaf;f tpir gw;wpa rupahd $w;W
(1) Neu tPr;R (0 − t1) ,y; A apy; ,lQ;Ropj; jpirapYk; B
apy; tyQ;Ropj; jpirapYk; RupaNyhl;lj; jlq;fs;
cz;lhfpd;wd.
(2) Neu tPr;R (t1 − t2) ,y; A apy; ,lQ;Ropj; jpirapYk;
B apy; tyQ;Ropj; jpirapYk; RupaNyhl;lj; jlq;fs; 0 t1 t2 t
cz;lhfpd;wd.
(3) Neu tPr;R (0 − t1) ,y; A apy; RupaNyhl;lj; jlq;fs; tyQ;Ropj; jpirapy; J}z;lg;gLk;
mNj Ntis B apy; ,lQ;Ropj; jpirapy; RupaNyhl;lj; jlq;fs; J}z;lg;gLfpd;wd.
(4) Neu tPr;R (0 − t1) ,y; A apy; RupaNyhl;lj; jlq;fs; tyQ;Ropj; jpirapy; J}z;lg;gLk;
mNj Ntis B apy; RupaNyhl;lq;fs; J}z;lg;gLtjpy;iy.
(5) Neu tPr;R (t1 − t2) ,y; A apy; RupaNyhl;lq;fs; tyQ;Ropj; jpirapy; J}z;lg;gLk; mNj
Ntis B apy; RupaNyhl;lq;fs; J}z;lg;gLtjpy;iy.
[gf;. 9 Ig; ghu;f;f
 -9-
20 Ω 10 Ω
47. cUtpy; cs;s Rw;wpy; fy;tNdhkhdpapd; thrpg;G
g+r;rpankdpd;> R ,d; ngWkhdk;
(1) 2 Ω (2) 3 Ω (3) 4 Ω G
(4) 5 Ω (5) 6 Ω r=0

1A R 2V

48. jpzpT M I cila xU Nkhl;lu; thfdk; fpilAld; Nfhzk; θ ,w;

rha;e;j xU ghijapy; Miu r I cila xU fpil tl;lg; ghijapy;
ghijapypUe;J mg;ghy; eOtpr; nry;yhjthW cau;e;jgl;r Ntfk;
V cld; nry;fpd;wJ. jsj;jpw;Fk; thfdj;jpw;FkpilNa cs;s
nrt;td; kWjhf;fk; R MfTk; cau;e;jgl;r cuha;T tpir F θ
MfTk; epiyapay; cuha;Tf; Fzfk; μ MfTk; ,Ug;gpd;>
gpd;tUk; $w;Wfisf; fUj;jpw; nfhs;f.

(A) R cosθ − F sinθ = Mg

2

(B) R sinθ − F cosθ = MV

r
(C) F = μR
,tw;Ws; cz;ikahdJ / cz;ikahdit
(1) (A) khj;jpuk; (2) (A), (B) Mfpad khj;jpuk;
(3) (A), (C) Mfpad khj;jpuk; (4) (C) khj;jpuk;'
(5) (A), (B), (C) Mfpa vy;yhk;

49. 10 cm MiuAk; 10 kg jpzpTk; cs;s xU rPuhd jl;L mjd;

ikak; O gw;wpr; Roy;tjw;Fr; RahjPdkhf cs;sJ. 10 mm O
2

FWf;Fntl;L cs;s xU fpilf; FohapypUe;J Ntfk;

20 m s cld; tprpWk; xU ePNuhl;lk; mjd; gupjpapy; njhlyp
−1

topNa gl;L Ntfk; 15 m s cld; cUtpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wthW

−1
15 m s
−1

20 m s
jl;bypUe;J ntspNaWfpd;wJ. ePNuhl;lk; gLfpd;wikahy; −1

jl;L ngw;Wf;nfhs;Sk; Nfhz Mu;KLfy;

(jpzpT m IAk; Miu r IAk; cila xU rPuhd jl;bd;
rlj;Jtj; jpUg;gk; I = 1 mr2 " ePupd; mlu;j;jp ρ = 1000 kg m .
−3

2
GtpaPu;g;gpdhyhd Mu;KLfiyg; Gwf;fzpf;f)
(1) 0.001 rad s (2) 0.01 rad s (3) 0.1 rad s (4) 0.5 rad s (5) 5 rad s
−2 −2 −2 −2 −2

50. cUtpy; cs;sthW gUkd;fs; rkKk; vjpUkhd jpirapy; ×××××××××××
,Uf;Fk; ,U fhe;jg; Gyq;fs; B apw;Fr; rkr;rPuhf ,Uf;FkhW
××××××××××× B
× ×××××××××× y
xU tl;lf; fk;gpj; jlk; itf;fg;gl;L mJ xy mr;irg; gw;wp x
khwhf; Nfhz Ntfj;jpy; Royr; nra;ag;gLfpd;wJ. mg;NghJ • • • • • • • • • • • B
jlj;jpy; J}z;lg;gLk; kpd;dpaf;f tpir E MdJ Neuk; t • • • • • • • • • • •
cld; khwiy kpfTk; rupahf tifFwpf;Fk; tiuG • • • • • • • • • • •
E E E E E

t t t t t
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

* * *


f.ngh.j. (c.juk;) cjtpf; fUj;juq;F 2014

ngsjpftpay; II %d;W kzpj;jpahyk;

mwpTWj;jy;fs; :
* gFjp A apd; vy;yh tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpil vOJf.
* gFjp B apd; ehd;F tpdhf;fSf;F khj;jpuk; tpil vOJf.

A - mikg;Gf; fl;Liu tpdhf;fs;

(g = 10 N kg −1)

''''''''''''

1. cUtpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wthW Xu; cauk; H ,w;F ePu; cs;s Xu; cUis

h
xU fpilj; jsj;jpd; kPJ itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ePu;g; gug;gpypUe;J Mok; h
,y; mjd; tisgug;gpy; xU rpwpa Jthuk; cs;sJ. H

(a) (i) Jthuj;jpD}lhf ePu; ntspNaWk; Ntfk; v apw;fhd xU Nfhitia

h, GtpaPu;g;gpdhyhd Mu;KLfy; g Mfpatw;wpd; rhu;gpw; ngWf. x

(ii) mf;Nfhitiag; ngWtjw;F ePu; gad;gLj;Jk; Nfhl;ghL ahJ?

(iii) mf;Nfhl;ghL typjhf ,Uf;Fk; epiyikfisf; Fwpg;gpLf.

(b) Jthuj;jpD}lhf ntspNaWk; ePu; cUisapd; mbapypUe;J J}uk; x ,y; fpilj; gug;gpd; kPJ
gLfpd;wJ.
(i) xU ePu;j; Jsp JisapypUe;J gug;gpd; kPJ gLtjw;F vLf;Fk; Neuk; t apw;fhd xU
Nfhitia H, h, g Mfpatw;wpd; rhu;gpw; ngWf.

(ii) x ,w;fhd xU Nfhitia H, h Mfpatw;wpd; rhu;gpw; ngWf.

[gf;. 2 Ig; ghu;f;f

 -2-

(c) (i) H = 20 cm vdpd;> ml;ltizapy; fhzg;gLk; h ngWkhdq;fis xj;j x ,d; ngWkhdq;fisf;

fhz;f.

h (cm) 0 2 4 10 16 18 20

x (cm)

(ii) NkNy (c) (i) ,y; ngw;w ngWkhdq;fisg; gad;gLj;jp h cld; x ,d; khwiy xU gUk;gb
tiugpd; %yk; fhl;Lf.
x (cm)

20

18

16

14

12

10

0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 h (cm)

(iii) mt;tiugpd; %yk; x ngWkhdk; njhlu;ghfg; ngwj;jf;f xU Kbigf; Fwpg;gpLf.

(d) Nkw;Fwpj;j ePu; epuk;gpa cUisia xU Fwpj;j cauj;jpypUe;J GtpaPu;g;gpdhyhd Mu;KLfypd;

fPo; mr;R epiyf;Fj;jhf ,Uf;FkhW Xa;tpypUe;J tpor; nra;jhy;> Jthuj;jpD}lhf ePu;
ntspNaWk; Ntfk; gw;wp vd;d $wyhk;?

[gf;. 3 Ig; ghu;f;f

 -3-
fz;zhbf; Foha; B

2. ePupd; Mtpahf;fypd; jd; kiw

ntg;gj;ijf; fhz;gjw;F xU khztd;
gad;gLj;jpa g+uzkw;w xOq;fikg;G fz;zhbf;
cUtpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ Foha;
A
(a) (i) Foha; A ia cUtpy;
fhzg;gLfpd;wthW ,Lk;NghJ nfhjpePuhtpg;
Vw;glj;jf;f nra;Kiw gpwg;ghf;fp
C
,lu;g;ghl;ilf; Fwpg;gpLf.

D
fNyhupkhdp E

(ii) Foha; A iar; rupahf ,Ltjd; %yk; gupNrhjidapy; epiwNtw;wg;gLk; Njit ahJ?

(iii) ,g;gupNrhjidiar; rupahfr; nra;tjw;Ff; Foha; B apd; KidAld; njhLf;fg;gl Ntz;ba

gFjpia mjpy; tiue;J ngaupLf.

(b) D iag; ngaupl;L> mjd; %yk; nra;ag;gLk; njhopiyf; Fwpg;gpLf.

(c) fNyhupkhdp ntg;gf; fhtyplg;gl;Ls;sJ. NkYk; gupNrhjidapd; nrk;ikiaf; $l;Ltjw;F

ePu; Nkw;nfhs;Sk; cj;jp ahJ?

(d) (i) gupNrhjidiar; nra;Ak;NghJ ngWk; mstPLfis tof;fkhd FwpaPLfSld; KiwNa

vOJf.
1.
2.
3.
4.

5.

(ii) NkNy (d) (i) ,y; gad;gLj;jpa FwpaPLfisf; nfhz;L ePupd; Mtpahf;fypd; j.k.nt. L If;
fhz;gjw;fhd xU Nfhitia vOJf.
(fNyhupkhdpAk; fyf;fpAk; nra;ag;gl;Ls;s jputpaj;jpd; j.nt.nfh. C Ak; ePupd; j.nt.nfh.
Cw ck; MFk;.)

[gf;. 4 Ig; ghu;f;f

 -4-

(e) ,g;gupNrhjidapy; nfhjpePuhtpapd; jpzpTf;Ff; fpilf;Fk; ngWkhdk; Vd; kpfTk; rupahf

,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;?

3. Nyru;f; fjpu;fs; gy;NtW Jiwfspy; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.
(a) (i) Nyru;f; fjpu;fspd; ,U ,ay;Gfis vOJf.

(ii) Nyru;f; fjpu;fs; nra;Kiwahfg; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; ,U re;ju;g;gq;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf.

Nyru;f; fjpu;fisg; gad;gLj;jp xsp KwpT gw;wpf; fw;gjw;Fg; jpiu

°
gad;gLj;Jk; xU gupNrhjidKiw xOq;fikg;G cUtpy; 50

fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. ,q;F ABC MdJ KwpTr; Rl;b √2 (=1.414) P r

MfTs;s gpshj;jpf;fpdhyhd xU nrq;Nfhz mupakhFk;. Nyru;f;
gug;G AB apw;Fr; nrq;Fj;jhf xU Nyru;f; fjpu; gLk; tpjk; fjpu;f;
fw;iw
cUtpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. mupak; ,Uf;Fk;NghJ xspg;
nghl;L jpiu kPJ jhdk; Y apy; cz;lhFk; mNj Ntis
B C
mupaj;ij mfw;Wk;NghJ xspg; nghl;L jpiu kPJ jhdk; X
,y; cz;lhfpd;wJ.
(b) (i) jug;gl;Ls;s fjpu; nry;Yk; ghijiag; g+uzg;gLj;Jf.

(ii) jpiu kPJ X, Y Mfpatw;wpd; mikTfisf; Fwpf;f.

(c) X ,w;Fk; Y apw;FkpilNa cs;s J}uk; s vdpd;> tpyfw; Nfhzk; d ,lk;ngWk; xU

Nfhitia r, s Mfpatw;wpd; rhu;gpw; ngWf.

(d) Gs;sp P iag; gw;wp mupaj;ij nkJthf tyQ;Ropahfr; Row;Wk;NghJ xU Fwpj;j

re;ju;g;gj;jpy; xspg; nghl;L kiwe;J Nghfpd;wJ.
(i) mjw;Ff; fhuzk; ahJ?

(ii) NkNy (d) (i) ,y; Fwpg;gpl;l xspg; nghl;L kiwAk; re;ju;g;gj;jpy; Nyru;f; fjpu; gug;G
AC kPJ gl Ntz;ba Nfhzj;ijf; fhz;f.

[gf;. 5 Ig; ghu;f;f

 -5-

(iii) mg;NghJ fjpu; gug;G AB apy; KwptilAk; Nfhzj;ijf; fhz;f.

(iv) mjw;fhf mupak; Row;wg;gl Ntz;ba Nfhzk; α vdpd;> α ,w;Fk; gug;G AB apd; KwpTf;
Nfhzj;jpw;FkpilNa cs;s njhlu;igf; fhl;Lk; xU Nfhitia vOJf (RUf;f
Ntz;bajpy;iy).

4. gha mlu;j;jp B MfTs;s xU rPuhd fhe;jg; Gyj;jpy; α B

itf;fg;gl;Ls;s Xu; Xl;lk; I iaf; nfhz;L nry;Yk;
N KWf;Ffisf; nfhz;l xU fk;gpr; RUs; cUtpy;
fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. RUspd; FWf;Fntl;Lg; gug;gsT A
MFk;. I
(a) fk;gpr; RUspd; jsk; rPuhd fhe;jg; Gyj;Jld;
Nfhzk; α ,w; rha;e;Js;sNghJ RUspd; kPJ
jhf;Fk; KWf;Fjpwd; τ ,w;fhd xU Nfhitiaj;
jug;gl;Ls;s FwpaPLfisg; gad;gLj;jp vOJf.

(b) α cld; τ khWk; tpjj;ij xU gUk;gb tiugpw; fhl;Lf.

(c) mirAQ; RUl; fy;tNdhkhdp vd;gJ fk;gpr; RUs; ve;j miktpy; ,Ue;jhYk; τ
,d; ngWkhdj;ij khwpypahfg; NgZtjw;fhd Xu; cj;jpiag; gpuNahfpj;J mikj;j
cgfuzkhFk;.
(i) mt;Tj;jpiaf; Fwpg;gpLf.

(ii) fk;gpr; RUs; Roiyaplg;gl;l tpy;ypd; KWf;fy; khwpyp C MfTk; RUs; Rod;w Nfhzk;
θ MfTk; ,Ug;gpd;> (a) ,d; tpiliaAk; gad;gLj;jp I apw;fhd xU Nfhitia
vOJf.

[gf;. 6 Ig; ghu;f;f

 -6-
(iii) cgfuzj;jpd; czu;jpwidf; $l;Ltjw;Fg; gpd;tUk; fhuzpfis vq;qdk; khw;Wjy;
Ntz;Lk;?

fhuzp nra;a Ntz;ba khw;wk;

N
A
C
B

(d) Xu; mirAQ; RUl; fy;tNdhkhdpapd; mfj; jil 10 Ω Mf ,Uf;Fk; mNj Ntis KO
mstpilj; jpwk;gy; Xl;lk; 100 mA MFk;.

(i) Xu; cau;e;jgl;r Xl;lk; 1 A I msg;gjw;F ,jid vq;qdk; khw;wpaikj;jy;

Ntz;Lk;?

(ii) Nkw;Fwpj;j
mirAQ; RUl; fy;tNdhkhdp Xk;khdpahfg; gad;gLj;jg;gLnkdpd;>
,jDld; njhLf;fg;gl Ntz;ba Vida ,U cUg;gbfisf; Fwpg;gpLf.

1.
2.

(iii) Xk;khdpahfg;gad;gLj;Jk;NghJ gpuNahfpf;Fk; mstpilapy; ePu; fhZk; xU

rpwg;gpay;ig vOJf.

(iv) Xk;khdpapd; %yk; msf;fg;gLk; jilAld; mjid xj;j Xk;khdpapd; jpwk;gypd;

khwiy xU tiugpdhw; fhl;Lf.

**

[gf;. 7 Ig; ghu;f;f

 -7-
gFjp B - fl;Liu
(g = 10 N kg −1)
* ehd;F tpdhf;fSf;F khj;jpuk; tpil vOJf.

5. gpd;tUk; ge;jpfis thrpj;J fPNo Nfl;fg;gl;Ls;s tpdhf;fSf;F tpil vOJf.

jw;NghJ epyTk; kpd;rf;jp neUf;fbf;Fg; gupfhuq;fshf khw;Wr; rf;jp Kjy;fisg; gpuNahfpg;gjd;
Kf;fpaj;Jtk; cWjpg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. fhw;wpd; rf;jpia kpd;rf;jpahf khw;Wtjw;Ff;
fhw;whiyfspd; gad;ghl;il Nkk;gLj;jy; jw;NghJ ,dq;fhzg;gl;Ls;s khw;W Kiwfspy;
xd;whFk;. fhw;Wr; rf;jp vd;gJ #upa rf;jpahFk;. Gtpf;F tUk; #upa fjpu;g;gpy; rpwpjsT rjtPjk;
tspkz;lyj;jpdhy; cwpQ;rg;gLfpd;wJ. MfNt> tspkz;lyj;jpy; eilngWk; rPuw;w ntg;gkhjypd;
tpisthf tspr; Rw;Nwhl;lf; Nfhyq;fs; cz;lhfpd;wd. ,t;thW fhw;wpy; Njf;fp itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;
rf;jp nghUshjhu> Rw;whly; ngWkhdKs;s tpjkhf vq;qdk; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ vd;gij
mwpjy; Kf;fpakhdjhFk;. ,yq;if xU jPthifahy; flw;fiug; gpuNjrq;fspy; fhw;whiyfis
mikg;gjd; %yk; tPzhFk; fhw;wpd; rf;jpiag; gad;gLj;jyhk;. fhw;wpy; cs;s ,af;fg;ghl;Lr;
rf;jp fhw;whiyfspd; %yk; kpd;rf;jpahf khw;wg;gLfpd;wJ. mjpy; cs;s fhw;Wj; jl;ilfs;
fpau;j; njhFjpf;Ff; FWf;Nf thu;fspd; %yk; Xl;lg; gpwg;ghf;fpfSld; njhLf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;
mNj Ntis mf;fhw;Wj; jl;ilfs; cs;s gFjp Royp vdg;gLk;.
,yq;ifapd; kpd; Njitapy; ngUk; gFjp ePu; kpd;dpd; %yk; rkhspf;fg;gLfpd;wNghjpYk;
jw;NghJ kpd; Efu;r;rp mjpfupf;fpd;wikahy; ePu;kpd; khj;jpuk; Nghjpajd;W. vdNt> khw;Wr; rf;jp
Kjy;fshff; fdpg;nghUs; vz;nza;> epyf;fup> #upa rf;jp MfpadTk; kpd;id cw;gj;jp nra;ag;
gad;gLfpd;wd.
khw;Wr; rf;jp Kjy;fisg; gw;wpj; jPu;khdpf;Fk;NghJ mr;rf;jp Kjiy ePz;lfhyj;jpw;Fg;
gad;gLj;Jtjw;fhd Mw;wy;> mk;Kiwiag; gad;gLj;jy; nghUshjhu uPjpapy; ,yhgfukhf
,Uj;jy;> rf;jp Kjiy vspjhfg; ngWjy;> #oy; khriljy; ,optsthjy;> mbg;gil %yjdk;
,optsthjy; vd;Dk; tplaq;fs; fUj;jpw; nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wd.

(a) (i) ePu;kpd;> fhw;whiyfs; Mfpad jtpu ,yq;ifapy; gad;gLj;jj;jf;f ,U khw;Wr; rf;jp
Kjy;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf.
(ii) khw;Wr; rf;jp Kjy;fisg; gad;gLj;Jk;NghJ fUj;jpy; nfhs;s Ntz;ba %d;W
tplaq;fis vOJf.

(b) xU fhw;Wj; jl;ilapd; Miu r vdTk; tspapd; mlu;j;jp ρ vdTk; fhw;whiyapd; jl;ilfs;
RoYk; jsj;jpw;Fr; nrq;Fj;jhfr; ruhrup Ntfk; v cld; fhw;W tPRfpd;wJ vdTk;
nfhz;L
(i) xU fhw;Wj; jl;ilapd; %yk; xU nrf;fdpy; Jz;bf;fg;gLk; tspapd; jpzpTf;fhd xU
Nfhitia vOJf.
(ii) mt;tspj; jpzptpy; cs;s ,af;fg;ghl;Lr; rf;jpf;fhd xU Nfhitia r" ρ" v Mfpatw;wpd;
rhu;gpy; vOJf.
(iii) fhw;wpy; cs;s KOr; rf;jpapYk; 80% MdJ fhw;Wj; jl;ilfspd; %yk;
vLf;fg;gLfpd;wdnjdf; nfhz;L fhw;whiy fhw;wpd; rf;jpiag; ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sk;
tPjj;ij Nkw;Fwpj;j FwpaPLfisf; nfhz;L vOJf.
(iv) xU fhw;Wj; jl;ilapd; Miu 1.4 m MfTk; tspapd; mlu;j;jp 1.2 kg m−3 MfTk;
fhw;wpd; Ntfk; 36 km h−1 MfTk; ,Ug;gpd;> (b) (iii) ,w; Fwpg;gpl;l tPjj;ijf; fzpf;f.

(c) fhw;Wj; jl;ilfs; RoYk;NghJ cz;lhFk; cuha;T tpirfisg; Gwf;fzpj;J> 10 nrf;fdpy;

fhw;Wj; jl;ilfspd; Nfhz Ntfk; g+r;rpaj;jpypUe;J 10 rad s−1 ,w;F mjpfupj;jhy;>
(i) Row;rp mr;irg; gw;wpf; fhw;Wj; jl;ilfspd; rlj;Jtj; jpUg;gk;>
(ii) Row;rpj; njhFjpapd; Nfhz Mu;KLfy;>
(iii) fhw;wpd; tpisthfj; njhFjp kPJ nraw;gLk; KWf;Fjpwd;
Mfpatw;iwf; fzpf;f.

[gf;. 8 Ig; ghu;f;f

 -8-
(d) fhw;Wj; jl;ilfs; kPJ cuha;T jhf;Ffpd;wnjdf; nfhz;L
(i) cuha;T fhuzkhf cs;s KWf;Fjpwd; 443.52 N m vdpd;> njhFjpapd; Gjpa Nfhz
Mu;KLfy;>
(ii) Xa;tpypUe;J 100 s ,d; ,Wjpapy; mf;Nfhz Mu;KLfypd; fPo; fhw;Wj; jl;ilfs;
ngw;Wf;nfhs;Sk; Nfhz Ntfk;>
(iii) fhw;W tPRjy; epd;why; mt;Tuha;T KWf;Fjpwdpd; fPo; njhFjp Xa;Tf;F tUk;NghJ
RoYk; jlitfspd; vz;zpf;if (fpl;ba KO vz;zpw;F)
Mfpatw;iwf; fzpf;f.

6. (a) Xu; <u;j;j fk;gpapD}lhff; FWf;fiy nrYj;jg;gLk; fjp (V) ,w;fhd xU rkd;ghl;il vOJf.
gad;gLj;jpa FwpaPLfis ,dq;fhz;f.
cUf;Ff; fk;gp
(b) Kjy;
A B
cUtpy; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sthW 0·5 m ePsKs;s xU Neupa cUf;Ff; fk;gp fpilahf ,U
Edpfis epiyj;j Gs;spfSld; nghUj;jp> mjd; xU EdpAld; khWk; kPbwd; Kjy;
xd;W ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. Kjypd; kPbwd; 300 Hz ,ypUe;J 1000 Hz ,w;F khw;wg;gLfpd;wJ.
cUf;fpd; mlu;j;jp 8 000 kg m-3 Mf ,Uf;Fk; mNj Ntis fk;gpapy; FWf;fiy Ntfk;
350 m s-1 ck; ,Oit 0.15 N ck; MFk;.
fk;gpapd; ePsk; khwpypnadf; nfhz;L>
(i) fk;gp Kjy; njhlu;ghfg; gupTwj;jf;f re;ju;g;gq;fis xj;j kPbwd;fisf; fhz;f.
(ii) jug;gl;Ls;s kPbwd; tPr;rp;y; fk;gpapd; mLj;j Nkw;NwhdpiaAk; mtjhdpf;fj;jf;fjhf
,Ug;gjw;Ff; fk;gpapd; ,Oitf;F ,Uf;fj;jf;f cau;e;jgl;rg; ngWkhdk; ahJ?

(c) NkNy (b) (i) ,w; Fwpg;gpl;l fk;gp <u;f;fg;glhj ePsj;jpy; 0.49% ,dhy; mjpfupf;fpd;wnjdf;
nfhz;L
(i) fk;gp nra;ag;gl;Ls;s jputpaj;jpd; aq; kl;ilf; fhz;f.
(ii) fk;gp KjypypUe;J mfw;wg;gl;L Edp A apy; ,Wf;fg;gl;L Edp B iar; RahjPdkhf
itj;J fk;gpf;Fr; rkhe;jukhff; Fq;fpypaj;ijj; jltp xU Jzpj; Jz;bdhy; fk;gpiaj;
Nja;f;Fk;NghJ fk;gpf;Ff; FWf;Nf nry;Yk; miyfspd; Ntfj;ijf; fhz;f.
(iii) NkNy (c) (ii) ,y; mbg;gilf;Fk; Kjy; Nkw;nwhdpf;Fk; cupa kPbwd;fisf; fzpf;f.

7. (a) (i)
mf Miu r I cila xU J}a fz;zhb kapu;j;Jisf; Foha; ePupy; epiyf;Fj;jhf
mkpo;j;jg;gLk;NghJ kapu;j;Jis vOg;gk; h ,w;fhd xU Nfhitia T, ρ, g, r Mfpatw;wpd;
rhu;gpy; vOJf. ePUf;Fk; fz;zhbf;Fkhd njhLiff; Nfhzk; g+r;rpankdf; nfhs;f.
(ii) Nkw;Fwpj;j Foha;f;Fr; ru;trkdhd NtnwhU kapu;j;Jisf; Fohia tspapy;
epiyf;Fj;jhf itf;Fk;NghJ mjpy; Ngzj;jf;f ePu; epuypd; cauk; h1 ck; mg;NghJ
fPo; ePupd; gpiwAUtpd; tisthiu r1 ck; MFk;. gpd;tUk; xt;nthU re;ju;g;gj;jpw;Fk;
fPo; ePupd; gpiwAUtpd; tbtj;ij tiuf.
(I) h1 = h,
(II) h1 < h,
(III) h1 > h.
(iii) h1 ,w;F ,Uf;fj;jf;f cau;e;jgl;rg; ngWkhdj;ij h ,d; rhu;gpw; fhz;f.
(iv) h1 cld; r1 khWk; tpjj;ij tiuGg;gLj;Jf.

(b) 10 mm FWf;Fntl;L tpl;lKs;s xU rPuhd gpshj;jpf;Ff; Fohapd; KidAld; 1 mm

FWf;Fntl;L tpl;lKs;s rPuhd Jisia cila xU nky;ypa cNyhff; Foha; YZ I
,izj;J mikf;fg;gl;l xU rptpwp cUtpw; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
A Z B
X Y
mJ AB topNa fpilahf itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; mNj Ntis mjpy; cs;s jputj;jpd; gug;gpOit
7 × 10−2 N m−1MFk;. rptpwpapd; njhopw;ghl;ilr; Nrhjpg;gjw;F Kryj;jpd; kPJ xU tpiriag;
gpuNahfpg;gjd; %yk; jputk; nky;ypa FohapD}lhf ntspNa mDg;gg;gl Ntz;bAs;sJ.
tspkz;ly mKf;fk; = 1 × 105 N m−2 MFk;. (nky;ypa Foha;f;Fk; jputj;jpw;FkpilNa
njhLiff; Nfhzk; g+r;rpankdf; nfhs;f.)

[gf;. 9 Ig; ghu;f;f

 -9-
(i) Z ,ypUe;J jputk; ntspNa ghAe; jWthapy; ,Uf;fpwnjdf; nfhz;L Z ,y; jputj;jpy;
cs;s mKf;fj;ijf; fhz;f.
(ii) Y, X Mfpa Gs;spfspy; jputj;jpd; mKf;fk; ahJ?
(iii) X ,ypUe;J B tiuf;Fk; cs;s J}uj;Jld; mKf;fk; khWk; tpjj;ij tiuGg;gLj;Jf.
(iv) Z ,y; jputk; ntspNaw Ntz;Lnkdpd;> Kryj;jpd; kPJ gpuNahfpf;f Ntz;ba Fiwe;jgl;r
tpiriaf; fzpf;f.

B
8.cUtpy; cs;sthW NeNuw;wk; ngw;w Vw;wk; q it cila xU Jzpf;if × × × × ×
Gyr; nrwpT E ia cila xU rPuhd kpd; Gyj;jpDs;Ns mjw;Fr; × × × × ×
nrq;Fj;jhf Ntfk; V cld; GFfpd;wJ. Vw;wpa Jzpf;if kpd; Gyj;jpD}lhfr;
V
× × × × × .
nry;Yk;NghJ mjd; ,af;fj; jpirf;Fr; nrq;Fj;jhfg; gha mlu;j;jp B ia × × × × ×
cila xU fhe;jg; Gyj;ij cz;lhf;Ffpd;wJ. × × × × ×
E
(a) (i) kpd; Gyj;jpd; %yk; Vw;wpa Jzpf;if kPJ gpuNahfpf;fg;gLk;
tpir FE ,w;F xU Nfhitia vOJf.
(ii) Vw;wpa Jzpf;if kPJ cz;lhFk; fhe;j tpir FB apw;fhd xU Nfhitia vOJf.
(iii) Vw;wk; q ,aq;Fk;NghJ mjd; kPJ cz;lhFk; tpirfisj; njspthff; Fwpf;f
(GtpaPu;g;gpdhyhd tpirfisg; Gwf;fzpf;f).
(iv) FE > FB , FE < FB , FE = FB Mf ,Uf;Fk;NghJ Vw;wk; nry;Yk; ghijfisj; njspthf
tiuf.

(b) jpzpTj; jpUrpakhdp (Mass Spectrometer) vd;gJ kpd;> fhe;jg; Gyj;jpw; nry;Yk; Vw;wpa
Jzpf;iffs; kPJ cz;lhFk; tpirfis mbg;gilaha;f; nfhz;L mZg; ngsjpftpaypy;
gad;gLj;jg;gLk; Kf;fpa cgfuzkhFk;.
,J %d;W gpujhd gFjpfisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ.
(1) mad; Kjy; - gy;NtW Ntfq;fisf; nfhz;l mad;fis ntsptpLfpd;wJ.
(Ion Source)
(2) Ntf Ntwhf;fp - NtWgl;l Ntfq;fisf; nfhz;l mad;fis xd;Wf;nfhd;W
(Velocity Separator) nrq;Fj;jhf cs;s Gyr; nrwpT E ia cila xU rPuhd kpd;
Gyj;jpDs;NsAk; gha mlu;j;jp B ia cila xU rPuhd fhe;jg;
Gyj;jpDs;NsAk; mDg;Gtjd; %yk; epr;ra Ntfj;ijf; nfhz;l
mad;fs; Jis P apypUe;J ntspNaw;wg;gLfpd;wd.
(3) xspg;glj; jfL - ,J gha mlu;j;jp B0 I cila xU rPuhd fhe;jg; Gyj;jpy;
(Photographic Plate) ,Uf;Fk; mNj Ntis ,g;Gyj;jpDs;Ns GFk; mad;fs; xspg;glj;
jfL kPJ gl;L czu;r;rpfis cz;lhf;Ffpd;wd.

rpwpa × × × × × × × × ×
Jis × × × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × × ×
+ + + + + + + ++ +
× × × × × × × × × × ×
× ×
V × × × × × × × × × ×
× B× × q→ •
B0
× × × × ×
P
× × × × × × × × ×
×
→

− − − − − − − − −− × × × × × × × × ×
mad;
× × × × × × × × ×
→

Kjy; Ntf
× × × × × × × × ×
Ntwhf;fp
→ × × × × × × × × ×
xspg;glj;
jfL
Nkw;Fwpj;j mad; KjypypUe;J tpLtpf;fg;gl;L Ntf Ntwhf;fpf;F NtWgl;l Ntfk; V apy;
GFk; Vw;wk; q Jis P apypUe;J tpLtpf;fg;gLtjw;Fk; tpLtpf;fg;glhikf;Fk; g+u;j;jpnra;a
Ntz;ba Njitfisg; ngWf. mjw;fhf NkNy (a) (iv) ,y; ePu; ngw;w NgWfisg;
gad;gLj;Jf.
(c) ,g;NghJ rPuhd fhe;jg; Gyk; B0 ,w;F Ntfk; V cld; mjw;Fr; nrq;Fj;jhfg; GFk; jpzpT
m I cila Xu; Vw;wk; q itf; fUJNthk;.
(i) ,t;Ntw;wk; B0 Gyj;jpy; vt;tif ,af;fj;ijf; fhl;Lfpd;wJ?
(ii) mt;tpaf;fj;jpd; ,ay;Gf;Ff; fhuzk; ahJ?

[gf;. 10 Ig; ghu;f;f

 - 10 -
(iii) Nkw;Fwpj;j Vw;wk; xspg;glj; jfL kPJ P apypUe;J J}uk; d apy; ,Uf;Fk; Xu; ,lj;jpy;
gLnkdpd;> m / q ,w;fhd xU Nfhitia d, B0, E, B Mfpatw;wpd; rhu;gpw; ngWf.
(d) Ntf Ntwhf;fpapypUe;J B0 ,Ds;Ns GFk; Vw;wq;fs; xspg;glj; jfL kPJ gy;NtW ,lq;fspw;
gl;ld. ,jw;fhd fhuzk; ahJ? (mj;Jzpf;iffspd; Vw;wk; q khwpypnadf; nfhs;f.)
(e) Nkw;Fwpj;j nrad;Kiw mZg; ngsjpftpaypy; rkjhdpfis NtWgLj;Jtjw;F vq;qdk;
gad;gLj;jg;glyhk;?

9. gFjp (A) apw;F my;yJ gFjp (B) apw;F khj;jpuk; tpil vOJf.
1.2 Ω 3V
Q S X A

(A) cUtpy; mfj; jil Gwf;fzpf;fg;glj;jf;f

%d;W fyq;fisf; nfhz;l xU Rw;W 3μ F 2μ F
fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. C1 C2
(a) Rw;wpy; Msp S %lg;gLk;NghJ 3V
B Y
(i) xt;nthU fyj;jpD}lhfTk; ghAk;
P 2Ω 4Ω
Xl;lj;ijf; fzpf;f.
2V 4Ω
(ii) xt;nthU nfhs;sstpapYk; Njf;fp C
itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; Vw;wq;fs; ahit?
(iii) jil Gwf;fzpf;fj;jf;f xU fk;gpapdhy; X IAk; Y iaAk; njhLf;Fk;NghJ
nfhs;sstpfspy; Njf;fpitf;fg;gl;Ls;s Vw;wk; khWfpd;wjh? ckJ tpilia tpsf;Ff.

(b) Msp S Ij; jpwf;Fk;NghJ nfhs;sstpfspy; Njf;fp itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; Vw;wj;jpw;F vd;d

eilngWfpd;wJ vd;gijf; fzpf;fhky; tpsf;Ff.

(c) nfhs;sstpj; njhFjpia mfw;wp P apw;Fk; Q ,w;FkpilNa xU jilap R Ij; njhLj;J
Msp S %lg;gl;lJ. ,j;jilf;Ff; FWf;Nf cs;s mOj;j tpj;jpahrj;ij msg;gjw;F Xu;
mOj;jkhdpAk; KbTs;s jilAs;s xU Nthy;w;WkhdpAk; toq;fg;gl;Ls;sd. jug;gl;Ls;s
mOj;jkhdp mfj; jil Gwf;fzpf;fg;glj;jf;f kp.,.tp. 2 V MfTs;s xU nrYj;Jk;
fyj;jpdhYk; 1 m ePsKs;s xU rPuhd fk;gpapdhYk; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
(i) mOj;jkhdpiag; gad;gLj;Jk;NghJ fpilf;Fk; rkepiy ePsk; 60 cm vdpd;> jilap R
,d; ngWkhdk; ahJ?
(ii) mOj;jkhdpf;Fg; gjpyhf Nkw;Fwpj;j Nthy;w;Wkhdpiag; gad;gLj;jpg; ngw;w thrpg;igf;
nfhz;L R fzpf;fg;gl;lnjdpd;> (c) (i) ,d; tpil fpilf;fpd;wjh? ckJ tpilia
tpsf;Ff.

VCC = 10 V
(B) (a) xsp czu;r;rpAs;s xU jiliag; (LDR)
gad;gLj;Jtjd; %yk; ,utpy; khj;jpuk; Xu; LED RB = 500k Ω RC
Fkpio xspur;nra;tjw;F khztd; xUtd; Xu; LED 2 V, 20 mA
rpypf;fd; jpuhd;rpw;wiug; gad;gLj;jp mikj;j R
Rw;W xd;W cUtpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. LDR xsp C
B
E
czu;r;rpAs;s jilapd; ngWkhdk; gfypy; kpfr;
rpwpjhf ,Uf;Fk; mNj Ntis ,utpy; mjd; LDR
ngWkhdk; rpy MΩ msT ngupa ngWkhdk;
tiuf;Fk; mjpfupf;fpd;wJ. Fkpo; cupathW
xspu;tjw;F LED Fkpopd; Kbtplq;fSf;fpilNa
Xu; 2 V mOj;j tpj;jpahrk; Ngzg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
mg;NghJ mjD}lhfg; ghAk; Xl;lk; 20 mA MFk;.
LED Fkpo; xspUk;NghJ jpuhd;rpw;wu; epuk;gy;
epiyia milAk;.
(i) LED Fkpo; cupathW xspUk;NghJ
^I& C apd; mOj;jk; mz;zsthf ahJ?
^II& RC apd; mOj;jj;ij mz;zsthff; fhz;f.

[gf;. 11 Ig; ghu;f;f

 - 11 -

(ii) R = R1 Mf ,Uf;Fk;NghJ LED Fkpo; fhupUspy; khj;jpuk; cupathW xspUk;. NkYk;

R = R2 Mf ,Uf;Fk;NghJ LED Fkpiof; Fiw ,Ul;by; cupathW xspur; nra;ayhk;.
^I& R1 IAk; R2 IAk; xg;gpLf.
^II& ckJ tpilf;Ff; fhuzq;fisf; fhl;Lf.

(b) xU tPl;bd; gliyiaj; jpwf;Fk;NghJ tPl;bDs;Ns ,Ug;gtu; xUtu; mjid mwptjw;Fg;

gad;gLj;jj;jf;f ghJfhg;Gr; Rw;W cUtpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. gliyiaj; jpwf;Fk;NghJ
tPl;by; nghUj;jg;gl;Ls;s ,kpup (buzzer) xypf;fpd;wJ.
+12 V

R1
R4
+12 V
LED LDR R2 BBUZZER

A + Q R3
B -
R5

-12 V

gliy %lg;gl;bUf;Fk;NghJ xsp fhYk; ,Uthapapd; (LED) %yk; ntsptplg;gLk; xsp

Kw;whf xsp czu;r;rpAs;s jil (LDR) kPJ gLfpd;wJ. LED ,d; xspf;F khj;jpuk;
jpwe;jpUf;Fk;NghJ LDR ,d; jil xU Fiwe;j ngWkhdkhf ,Uf;Fk; mNj Ntis
mg;NghJ mOj;j tPo;r;rp 6 V MFk;. LDR kPJ xsp vJTk; glhjNghJ mjd; jil xU
ngupa ngWkhdkhf ,Uf;Fk; mNj Ntis mg;NghJ mjD}lhf cs;s mOj;j tPo;r;rp
9 V MFk;. njhopw;ghl;L tpupayhf;fpapd; Neu;khw;wy; Kbtplj;jpw;F xU khwh Nthy;w;wsit
(VB) toq;Ftjw;Fr; Nrdu; ,Uthap gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ. mJ Neu;khw;whj Kbtplj;jpd;
Nthy;w;wsT (VA) cld; xg;gPl;L Nthy;w;wsthfj; njhopw;gLfpd;wJ.

(i) LED xspUk;NghJ mjD}lhfg; ghAk; Xl;lk; 10 mA MfTk; mg;NghJ mjw;Ff; FWf;Nf
cs;s mOj;j tPo;r;rp 2 V MfTk; ,Ug;gpd;> jilap R1 ,d; ngWkhdj;ijf; fhz;f.
(ii) LED %yk; ntsptplg;gLk; xsp LDR kPJ glhjNghJ A apd; mOj;jj;ijf; fhz;f.
(iii) (I) VA > VB ,
(II) VA < VB
Mf ,Uf;Fk;NghJ Q tpd; Nthy;w;wstpd; gUkidAk; KidTj;jd;ikiaAk; vOJf.

(iv) (I) Rw;wpy; cs;s kzp xypg;gjw;F NkNy (iii) ,y; Fwpg;gpl;l ,U Njitfspy; vjidg;
g+u;j;jp nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;?
(II) ckJ tpilia tpsf;Ff.
(v) (I) Rw;wpy; eilngWk; njhopiy epiwNtw;Wtjw;F 2.7 V, 4.8 V, 6.8 V vd;Dk; Nrdu;
Nthy;w;wsTfs; cs;s Nrdu; ,Uthapfspy; vjidj; njupe;njLj;jy; Ntz;Lk;?
(II) ckJ njupTf;Ff; fhuzk; ahJ?

(vi) NkNy (v) (I) ,y; gad;gLj;jpa Nrdu; ,Uthapapd; tY 0.5 W vdpd;>
(I) mjw;Ff; FWf;Nf mDg;gj;jf;f cau;e;jgl;r Xl;lj;ijf; fhz;f.
(II) mg;NghJ R2 ,d; ngWkhdk; ahJ?

[gf;. 12 Ig; ghu;f;f

 - 12 -
10. gFjp (A) apw;F my;yJ gFjp (B) apw;F khj;jpuk; tpil vOJf.

(A)(a) epa+w;wdpd; Fspuy; tpjpia vLj;Jiuf;f. mJ typjhf ,Uf;Fk; epiyikfisf;

Fwpg;gpLf.
(b) Nkw;Fwpj;j tpjpiag; gad;gLj;jp nkOfpd; ngsjpf ,ay;Gfisr; nra;Jfhl;Ltjw;F
khztd; xUtd; xU gupNrhjidiaj; jpl;lkpLfpd;whd;. mjw;Nfw;gj; jpz;k nkOifr; rPuhf
ntg;gkhf;fp Mtpahfy; Muk;gpg;gjw;Ff; fzg;nghOjpw;F Kd;du; Neuj;Jld; ntg;gepiy
msf;fg;gl;lJ. vjpu;ghu;f;fj;jf;f ntg;gepiy - Neu tiuig tiuf.
(c) khztd; ntg;gf; nfhs;ssT 60 J kg¯1 MfTs;s xU fNyhupkhdpapy; 100 g nkOif ,l;L xU
100 W ntg;g Kjypd; %yk; rPuhf nkOif ntg;gkhf;fp thrpg;Gfisg; ngw;whd;. mtw;iwf;
nfhz;L tiuag;gl;l tiuigg; gad;gLj;jpg; ngw;w jfty;fs; fPNo fhzg;gLfpd;wd
(Rw;whly; ntg;gepiy 30˚C&'
÷ nkOF cUf Muk;gpg;gjw;Ff; fzg;nghOjpw;F Kd;du; tiuGf;F tiuag;gl;l
njhlypapd; gbj;jpwd; 3·6°C min-1 MFk;.
÷ nkOF ngw;Wf;nfhs;Sk; khwh ntg;gepiy 62̊C MFk;.
÷ nkOF khwh ntg;gepiyapy; ,Uf;Fk; Neuk; 20 min MFk;.
÷ nkOF Kw;whf cUfpf; fzg;nghOjpw;Fg; gpd;du; tiuGf;F tiuag;gl;l njhlypapd;
gbj;jpwd; 4·8 ̊C min-1 MFk;.
NkNy gad;gLj;jpa jpz;k nkOfpd; jd;ntg;gf; nfhs;ssT 1800 J kg¯1 K¯1 MFk;.
(i) nkOfpd; cUFepiy ahJ?
(ii) nkOF cUFtjw;Ff; fzg;nghOjpw;F Kd;du; nkOFk; fNyhupkhdpAk; ntg;gj;ij
cwpQ;Rk; tPjk; ahJ?
(iii) mf;fzg;nghOjpy; Rw;whlypw;F eilngWk; ntg;g ,og;gpd; tPjk; ahJ?
(iv) jput nkOfpd; jd;ntg;gf; nfhs;ssitAk; nkOfpd; cUfypd; jd;kiw ntg;gj;ijAk;
fzpf;f.
(v) Nkw;Fwpj;j gupNrhjidapy; jput nkOfpw;F NkYk; ntg;gj;ij toq;Fk;NghJ xU Fwpj;j
re;ju;g;gj;jpw;Fg; gpd;du; nkOF jputkhf ,Uf;Fk; vdTk; ntg;gepiy mjpfupg;gjpy;iy
vdTk; mtjhdpf;fg;gl;lJ. mjw;Fupa fhuzj;ij tpsf;fp> mg;Gwf;fzpf;fj;jf;f
ntg;gepiyiaf; fzpf;f.

(B) ngupa jpiu

× D
S xspAzu;r;rpAs;s czup

10m
S vd;gJ Xu; xUepwg; Gs;sp KjyhFk;. mjpypUe;J fjpu;f;fg;gLk; miyfspd; miyePsk; 6000ºA
ck; tY 10 W ck; MFk;. jpiuapd; eLtpy; gug;gpd; gug;gsT 0·4 cm2 MfTs;s Xu; czup
itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
Xu; ,yj;jpudpd; Vw;wk; = 1·6 × 10-19 C
gpshq; khwpyp = 6·63 × 10-34 J s
xspapd; Ntfk; = 3 × 108 m s-1

π = 3 vdf; nfhs;f.
(a) (i) xspj; jpiuapd; eL XuyFg; gug;gsT kPJ 1 s ,y; gLk; Nghl;ld;fspd; vz;zpf;if
ahJ? (tpilia Kjy; jrk jhdj;jpw;Ff; fhl;ly; NghjpajhFk;.)
(ii) czupapd; KOg; gug;gstpd; kPJk; 1 nrf;fdpy; gLk; Nghl;ld;fspd; vz;zpf;ifiaf;
fzpf;f.
(iii) xsp czupapd; jpwd; 0·9 MFk;. xU nrf;fdpy; czupapypUe;J ntsptplg;gLk;
xspapyj;jpud;fspd; vz;zpf;if ahJ?
(iv) xspNahl;lj;ijf; fzpf;f.

[gf;. 13 Ig; ghu;f;f

 - 13 -

(b) xUepwg; Gs;sp Kjy; S ,w;Fg; gjpyhf miyePsk; 490 nm IAk; tY 0·1 W IAk; cila xU
Fwpj;j Nyru; xspf; fw;iw gad;gLj;jg;gLnkdpd;>
(i) Nyru; Kjypd; %yk; xU nrf;fdpw;F ntsptplg;gLk; Nghl;ld;fspd; vz;zpf;ifiaf; fzpf;f.
(tpilia Kjy; jrk jhdj;jpw;Ff; fhl;ly; NghjpajhFk;.)

(ii) ,t;nthsp Xu; xspf;fyj;jpd; rPrpak; fNjhl;L kPJ gLk;NghJ fw;iwapy; cs;s Nghl;ld;fspy;
20% ,d; %yk; khj;jpuk; ,yj;jpud;fs; tpLtpf;fg;gLnkdpd;> xspf;fyj;jpypUe;J ntspNa
ghAk; Xl;lj;ijf; fzpf;f.

(iii) Eiotha; kPbwd; 5·2 × 1014 Hz Mf ,Uf;Fk;NghJ fhyg;gLk; ,yj;jpud;fSf;fhd epWj;Jk;

mOj;jj;ijf; fzpf;f.

***
 -1-

f.ngh.j. (c.juk;) cjtpf; fUj;juq;F - 2014

ngsjpftpay; tpdhj;jhs; I
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;ly;

tpdh ,yf;fk; tpil tpdh ,yf;fk; tpil

(1) 1 (26) 4
(2) 2 (27) 3
(3) 5 (28) 1
(4) 4 (29) 3
(5) 5 (30) 3
(6) 3 (31) 2
(7) 2 (32) 1
(8) 3 (33) 2
(9) 2 (34) 4
(10) 2 (35) 3
(11) 5 (36) 1
(12) 3 (37) 5
(13) 1 (38) 4
(14) 2 (39) 1
(15) 5 (40) 2
(16) 2 (41) 4
(17) 1 (42) 4
(18) 2 (43) 5
(19) 5 (44) 5
(20) 5 (45) 2
(21) 4 (46) 4
(22) 4 (47) 4
(23) 5 (48) 3
(24) 2 (49) 3
(25) 5 (50) 5

[gf;. 2Ig; ghu;f;f

 -2-
ngsjpftpay; tpdhj;jhs; II
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;ly;
gFjp A mikg;Gf; fl;Liu

1. (a) (i) π + hρg + 0 = π + 1 ρv

2 ^1 Gs;sp&
2
v = √2gh ^1 Gs;sp&

(ii) NgZaP Nfhl;ghL ^1 Gs;sp&

(iii) gpRf;fpd;wpa neUf;f Kbahj gha;kk; mUtpf;Nfhl;L Kiwahf epj;jpa ,af;fkhfg;
gha;jy; Ntz;Lk;. ^1 Gs;sp&

(b) (i) s = ut + 1 at Ig; gpuNahfpf;Fk;NghJ

2

2
1
(H − h) =
2
× gt
2
t =
√ 2 (Hg − h) ^1 Gs;sp&
(ii) s = ut Ig; gpuNahfpf;Fk;NghJ
x = √2gh
√ 2 (H−
g
h)

x = 2 √ h (H − h)
^1 Gs;sp&
(c) (i)
h (cm)
0 2 4 10 16 18 20
x (cm) 0 12 16 20 16 12 0
4 rupahd tpilfSf;F (1 Gs;sp)
(ii)
(ii) (cm)
x

&

20

18

16

14

12

10

0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 h (cm)
tiuig tiutjw;F (1 Gs;sp)

(iii) ^h = 10 cm& MFk;NghJ Xu; cau;e;jgl;rg; ngWkhdk;

my;yJ
xU x ngWkhdj;jpw;F h ,d; ,U ngWkhdq;fs; ,Ug;gjhfj; njupfpd;wJ. ^1 Gs;sp&

(d) ePu; ntspNaWtjpy;iy my;yJ Ntfk; g+r;rpakhFk;. ^1 Gs;sp&

[gf;. 3Ig; ghu;f;f

 -3-

2. (a) (i) Foha; A apypUe;J ntg;gkhfpa ePiu mg;ghy; tPRjy; ^1 Gs;sp&

(ii) nfhjpePuhtpg; gpwg;ghf;fpapy; mKf;fk; mjpfupj;jiyj; jLj;jy; / ghJfhj;jy;
my;yJ mKf;fj;ij tspkz;ly mKf;fj;jpw;Fr; rkkhfg; Ngzy; ^1 Gs;sp&
(iii)
fz;zhbf; fz;zhbf;
Foha; A Foha; B

nfhjpePuhtpg; nfhjpePuhtpg; nghwp

gpwg;ghf;fp C
tise;j Foha;

fyf;fp ntg;gkhdp

Fohapd; Kid ePu;g;

gug;gpw;Fr; rpwpjstpy; NkNy
itf;fg;gLjy; Ntz;Lk;
D fNyhupkhdp E
^1 Gs;sp&

(b) fd;dhu;j; jfL / fhty; jfL

gd;rd; Rthiyapd; ntg;gk; (fjpu;tPrypd; %yk;) fNyhupkhdpf;Fr; nry;tij ,optsthf;fy;
^1 Gs;sp&
(c) fNyhupkhdpapy; cs;s ePupd; ntg;gepiyia miwapd; ntg;gepiyapYk; ghu;f;f 5 °C ,dhy;
Fiwj;Jg; gupNrhjidia Muk;gpj;J miwapd; ntg;gepiyapYk; ghu;f;f 5 °C ,w;Ff; $Ljyhf
,Uf;Fk; tiuf;Fk; nfhjpePuhtpia mDg;Gjy; ^1 Gs;sp&

(d) (i) 1. ntWk; fNyhupkhdp+ fyf;fpapd; jpzpT = m1

2. ntWk; fNyhupkhdp + fyf;fp + ePupd; jpzpT = m2
3. ePupd; njhlf;f ntg;gepiy = θ1 °C
4. njhFjpapd; ,Wjp cau;e;jgl;r ntg;gepiy = θ2 °C
5. ntWk; fNyhupkhdp + fyf;fp + ePu; + nfhjpePuhtpapd; jpzpT = m3
(5 ck; rupnadpd; my;yJ Kjy; 4 rupnadpd; 2 Gs;spfs;> Kjy; 3 rupnadpd; 1 Gs;sp)
^2 Gs;spfs;&

(ii) m1 C (θ2 − θ1 ) + (m2− m1 ) Cw (θ2 − θ1 ) = (m3− m2 )L + (m3− m2 ) Cw (100 − θ2 )

(,Ugf;fq;fSf;Fk; 1 Gs;sp tPjk;) ^2 Gs;spfs;&

(e) ePupd; M.k.nt. mjpfk; Mifahy;) nfhjpePuhtpapd; jpzpT kpfr; rpwpjhFk;. mg;NghJ
mjd; gpd;d / rjtPj tO mjpfupf;fpd;wJ. ^1 Gs;sp&

3. (a) (i) xUq;fpizAk;> mtj;ijapyhd Vfgupkhzr; nrYj;Jiff;F

(vitNaDk; ,uz;bw;F) ^1 Gs;sp&

(ii) fz; mWitr; rpfpr;irapy;

myq;fhug; gzpapy;
,U gad;ghLfSf;F
^1 Gs;sp&
rpWePu;f; fy;iy mfw;Wk; mWitr;rpfpr;irapy;
gpuNahfk;

[gf;. 4Ig; ghu;f;f

 -4-

A
(b) (i)
50° xU fjpupd; ghijiag; g+uzg;gLj;Jtjw;F ^1 Gs;sp&
r
d X
s
Y

B C

(ii) X, Y Mfpatw;wpd; mikTfs; ^1 Gs;sp&

(c) tan d = s
r
d = tan−1 s
ahjhapDk; xU tpjk; ^1 Gs;sp&
r

(d) (i) AC kPJ gLk; xspf; fjpu; mtjpf; Nfhzj;jpw;F Nkw;gl;ljhf mike;J gLk;NghJ KO
mfj; njwpg;G Muk;gpj;jy; ^1 Gs;sp&

(ii) gug;G AB kPJ gLiff; Nfhzk; = θ vdpd;>

n sin θ = 1 sin 90° ^1 Gs;sp&

A
√2 sin θ = 1
50 °

sin θ = 1
85 °
45 ° √2
θ

B θ = 45° ^1 Gs;sp&

C
(iii) gug;G AB apy; KwpTf; Nfhzk; = 5° ^1 Gs;sp&

(iv) mupak; Row;wg;gl Ntz;ba Nfhzk; α vdpd;

1 × sin α = √2 sin 5°
sin α = √2 sin 5° ^1 Gs;sp&

4 (a) τ = BINA cos α ^1 Gs;sp&

(b)
τ

my;yJ ird; tisapf;F ^1 Gs;sp&

α

(c) (i) miuAUisf; fhe;j Kiditg; gad;gLj;jy; $ Miuf; fhe;jg; Gyj;ijg; gad;gLj;jy;
^1 Gs;sp&
(ii) BINA = C θ
I = Cθ
BNA ^1 Gs;sp&

[gf;. 5Ig; ghu;f;f

 -5-

(iii)
fhuzp nra;a Ntz;ba khw;wk;

N $l;l Ntz;Lk;

A $l;l Ntz;Lk;

C Fiwf;f Ntz;Lk;

B $l;l Ntz;Lk;
3 my;yJ 4 tpilfs; rupnadpd; ^1 Gs;sp&
1A
(d) (i) 100 × 10 = 900 × R G
100mA
10 10Ω
= R
9
R = 1.11 Ω
900mA R
nghUj;j Ntz;ba jilap = 1.11 Ω ^1 Gs;sp&&
nghUj;j Ntz;ba tpjk; = fy;tNdhkhdpAld; rkhe;jukhf ^1 Gs;sp&&
( cUitj; je;jpUe;jhy; Gs;spia toq;Ff.)
(ii) khWe; jilAk; fyKk; ^1 Gs;sp&
(iii) Vfgupkhz mstpilahf mikahik my;yJ vjpu;g; gf;fj;jpw;F msT Nfhby;
(vjpu;j; jpirf;Fj; jpwk;gy;) ^1 Gs;sp&

(iv) θ

^1 Gs;sp&

0 R

gFjp B fl;Liu

5(a)
(i) fdpk vz;nza;> epyf;fup> #upa rf;jp vitNaDk; ,uz;bw;F ^1 Gs;sp&
(ii) %yjdj;ij ePz;lfhyj;jpw;Fg; gad;gLj;jj;jf;fjhf ,Uj;jy;
nghUshjhu uPjpapy; ,yhgfukhf ,Uj;jy;
Rw;whly; khriljiy ,optsthf;fy;
rf;jp Kjiy vspjhff; fhzj;jf;fjhf ,Uj;jy;
mbg;gil %yjdj;ij ,optsthf;fy;

(b) (i) π r2 v ρ ^1 Gs;sp&

(ii) 1 × π r2 v ρ × v2 = 1 π r2ρ v3 ^1 Gs;sp&

2 2
(iii) 1 π r2ρ v3 × 80 ^1 Gs;sp&
2 100
(iv) 1 × 22 × (1.4) × 1.2 × 10 × 80
2 3

2 7 100

2956.8W ^1 Gs;sp&

[gf;. 6Ig; ghu;f;f

 -6-

(c) (i) 2956.8 × 10 = 1 I × 10

2
^1 Gs;sp&
2
I = 591.36 kg m
2
^1 Gs;sp&

(ii) ω = ω0+ αt
10 = 0 + α × 10
α = 1 rad s−2 ^1 Gs;sp&

(iii) τ = I α ^1 Gs;sp&
= 591.36 × 1
= 591.36 N m ^1 Gs;sp&

(d) (i) 591.36 − 443.52 = 591.36 × α

α = 0.25 rad s−2 ^1 Gs;sp&

(ii) ω = ω0+ αt
ω = 0 + 0.25 × 100
= 25rad s −1 ,Wjp tpilf;F ^1 Gs;sp&

(iii) 1 × I × ω = τf × θ
2
my;yJ NtW vk;Kiwf;Fk; ^1 Gs;sp&
2
1 × 591.36 × 25 × 25 = 443.52 × θ
2
θ = 416.667 rad
n = 416.667 = 66.2878 2π apdhy; tFg;gjw;F ^1 Gs;sp&
2×π
66

T = ,ioapd; ,Oit
6 (a) V =
√Tm m = ,ioapd; XuyF ePsj;jpw;fhd jpzpT ^1 Gs;sp&
my; yJ Vfgupkhz mlu;j;jp

(b) (i) mbg;gil

0.5m
v =fλ
350 = f × 0.5 × 2 f = 350 Hz ^1 Gs;sp&
1 MtJ Nkw;Nwhdp
350 = f × 0.5 × 2 f = 700 Hz ^1 Gs;sp&&
2
^2 MtJ Nkw;nwhdp 1050 Hz Mf ,Uf;f KbahJ&

[gf;. 7Ig; ghu;f;f

 -7-
(ii) 2 MtJ Nkw;nwhdpf;F kPbwd; cau;e;jgl;rk; 1000 Hz Mf ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.^1 Gs;sp&&
mjw;F ,Oit T vdpd;>

√ Tm = 1000 × 0.53 × 2 1 ^1 Gs;sp&&

njhlf;fr; re;ju;g;gk;

√0.15
m
= 350 2 ^1 Gs;sp&&
2
1 1000 × 0.15
ka T = 2 2
2 350 × 3
= 100
735
= 0.136 N ^1 Gs;sp&

(c) (i)

350 = √0.15
m

350 = √ 0.15 ^1 Gs;sp&&

8000A
jpzpT
mlu;j;jp = fdtsT
8000 = m
A×1 ^1 Gs;sp&
A = fk;gpapd; FWf;Fntl;Lg; gug;gsT

F e
=Y. Mifahy;>
A l
0.15 = Y . 0.49 Ig; gpujpapLk;NghJ
A 100 ^1 Gs;sp&
0.15 × 8000 × 350 = Y ×0.49
2

0.15 100
Y = 8000 × 350 × 100
2

0.49
2 × 10 N m−2
11
^1 Gs;sp&

(ii) rkd;ghL V =
√ Eρ Ig; gpujpapLk;NghJ ^1 Gs;sp&

√ 2 × 10
11
= ^1 Gs;sp&
8000
= 5000 m s−1

[gf;. 8 Ig; ghu;f;f

 -8-
(iii)

>
>
V
f=
4l
5000
=
4 × 0.5

= 2500 Hz ^1 Gs;sp&
>
>

3V
f=
4l
= 7500 Hz ^1 Gs;sp&

7. (a) (i) hρg = 2Tcos θ

r
h = 2T
rρg ^1 Gs;sp&
(ii)

B PA = π tspkz;ly mKf;fk;
PB = π - 2T
r
2T
h1 PC = π - r + h ρg
1

PC = π - hρg + h1ρg
PD = π (r1 = fPo; Kidapd; gpiwAUtpd; Miu&
C
D ... ...
I. h1 = h kï PC - PD gpiwAU rkjskhdJ. ...
...
... tbtj;jpw;F ^Gs;sp1&
...
...
...

II. h1 < h kï PD > PC gpiwAU FopthdJ. ...

...
... tbtj;jpw;F ^Gs;sp1&
...
...
...
...
III. h1 > h kï PC > PD gpiwAU FtpthdJ. ... tbtj;jpw;F ^Gs;sp1&
...
......
...
...
...
...

ju;f;fj;ij cUthf;Ftjw;F ^Gs;sp1&

(iii) re;ju;g;gk; III ,w;Nfw;g
PC - PD = 2T Mf ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. (ju;f;fj;jpw;F) ^Gs;sp1&
r
(h1 -h ) ρg = hρg

h1 = 2h ^Gs;sp1&

[gf;. 9 Ig; ghu;f;f

 -9-
(iv)
r1

(tbtj;jpw;F) ^Gs;sp1&

0 h 2h h1

(b) (i) Z ,y; jputj;jpy; cs;s mKf;fk; = t.k.m + 2T

r
2 × 7 × 10
−2

= 105 + gpujpapLtjw;F ^Gs;sp1&

0.5 × 10
−3

= 100280 Nm
-2
^Gs;sp1&

(ii) Y apy; jputj;jpy; cs;s mKf;fk; = 100280 Nm

-2
^Gs;sp1&
X ,y; jputj;jpy; cs;s mKf;fk; = 100280 Nm
-2
^Gs;sp1&

(iii) mKf;fk;

100280
100000 tbtj;ij tiue;jpUj;jy; ^Gs;sp1&

X Y Z B J}uk;
^X, Y, Z, B Mfpa Gs;spfSf;fpilNa cs;s mstpilf;F mtrpaky;y&

(iv) X ,y; mKf;fk; 100280 Mf ,Ug;gjw;F Kryj;jpd; kPJ cs;s tpir F vdpd;>

5 F
100280 − 10 = gpujpapLtjw;F ^Gs;sp1&
(2
π × 10 × 10 - 3 ) 2

F = 0.022 N
F = 22 × 10 N
-3

^,l=Kq 1&

8. (a) (i) FE = Eq ^Gs;sp1&

(ii) FB =BqV ^Gs;sp1&

(iii) × × ×
FB
× ^Gs;sp1&
×
×
× ×
FE

[gf;. 10 Ig; ghu;f;f

 - 10 -

(iv) FE > FB FE < FB FE = FB

^1 tPjk; 3 Gs;spfs;&

(b)
jg;Gtjw;F
FE = FB

Eq = Bqv
^1 Gs;sp&

E = Bv my;yJ v = E
B

jg;ghky; ,Ug;gjw;F
FE > FB
E > Bv my;yJ v < E
B
^1 Gs;sp&
xU rkdpypf;Fk; ,g;Gs;spia toq;Ff
FE < FB
E < Bv my;yJ v > E
B

(c) (i) xU tl;l ,af;fj;ijf; fhl;Lfpd;wJ. ^1 Gs;sp&

(ii) fhe;j tpir vg;NghJk; Ntfj;jpd; jpirf;F (,af;fj; jpirf;F)r; nrq;Fj;jhfj;

jhf;Ffpd;wikahy; ^1 Gs;sp&

(iii) B0qv = mv2 vd ,Lk;NghJ ^1 Gs;sp&

d/2
B 0
q=m × E E
d/2 B v apw;F B iag; gpujpapLtjw;
F ^1 Gs;sp&

m = B0 B d
q 2E
^1 Gs;sp&

(d) NkNy (iii) ,y; ngw;w NgWf;Nfw;g m α d MFk;. jpzpT mjpfupf;Fk;NghJ xspg;glj; jfL kPJ
gLk; J}uk; d Ak; mjpfupf;fpd;wJ. ^1 Gs;sp&

(e) xU Fwpj;j %yfj;jpd; rpy rkjhdpfs; ,Uf;Fk;NghJ mit ,dq;fhzg; gad;gLfpd;wd. xNu
Vw;wKs;s NtWgl;l jpzpTfis cila mad;fis ,dq;fhzj;jf;fjhf ,Uj;jy;. ^1 Gs;sp&

[gf;. 11 Ig; ghu;f;f

 - 11 -
9. (A) (a) (i) 1.2 Ω 3V
Q S X A
3μ F 2μ F
C1 C2
3V
Y I
B
P 2Ω 4Ω
2V 4Ω I
C
I

fpu;f;Nfhgpd; tpjpiag; gpuNahfpf;Fk;NghJ>

3 + 2 = I (4 + 2 + 4)
I = 0.5 A

fyk; A apw;Ff; FWf;Nf Xl;lk; = 0 ^1 Gs;sp&

fyk; B apw;Ff; FWf;Nf Xl;lk; = 0.5A
fyk; C apw;Ff; FWf;Nf Xl;lk; = 0.5A ^1 Gs;sp&
P apw;Fk; Q tpw;FkpilNa cs;s mOj;j tpj;jpahrk; 3V ^1 Gs;sp&

(ii) C1 ,w;F
Q = CV
Q = 3 × 10 × 3
−6

= 9 × 10 C
−6
^1 Gs;sp&
C2,w;F
Q = CV
Q = 2 × 10 × 3
−6

= 6 × 10 C
−6
^1 Gs;sp&

(iii) X, Y Mfpa Gs;spfspy; mOj;jq;fs; rkk; vdg; ngWjy;. ^1 Gs;sp&

∴ MfNt mit mOj;jq;fshFk;. ^1 Gs;sp&

(b) Nkw;Fwpj;j ngWkhdq;fshFk;. ^1 Gs;sp&

nfhs;sstpj; jfLfSf;Ff; FWf;Nf cs;s mOj;j tpj;jpahrk; xNu ngWkhdj;ij
vLg;gjdhy;.

3V
I1
(c) (i)
I1 1.2 Ω A
RΩ
3V
B
2Ω 4Ω I2
2V 4Ω
Xl;lj;ijf; Fiwg;gjw;F 1 Gs;sp&
C (I1−I2)

fpu;f;Nfhgpd; tpjpiag; gpuNahfpf;Fk;NghJ>

6 = I1 1.2 + I2 6 + I1 R 01 ^1 Gs;sp&
5 = I2 6 − (I1− I2 ) 4 02 ^1 Gs;sp&
mOj;jkhdpiaj; njhLf;Fk;NghJ>
100 cm ,w;F mOj;j tPo;r;rp = 2V

[gf;. 12 Ig; ghu;f;f

 - 12 -
2
60 cm ,w;F mOj;j tPo;r;rp = × 60
100

= 1.2V
∴ I1 R = 1.2 03 ^1 Gs;sp&
01, 02, 03 ,y; I1 = 0.5A ^1 Gs;sp&
∴ R = 2.4 Ω ^1 Gs;sp&

(ii) ,y;iy.
Nthy;w;Wkhdp xU KbTs;s jilia cilajhifahy; rupahd mOj;j
tPo;r;rpiaf; fhl;Ltjpy;iy.
∴ R rupahdjd;W ^1 Gs;sp&

(B) (a) (i) (I) C apd; mOj;jk; mz;zsthfg; g+r;rpakhFk;. ^1 Gs;sp&

10 − 2
(II) Rc = = 400 Ω ^1 Gs;sp&
20 × 10−3
(ii) (I) R2 < R1 ^1 Gs;sp&
(II) fhuzk; : fhupUspy; LDR ,d; jil kpf cau; e ; j jd; W . Mifahy;
jpuhd;rpw;wu; epuk;gyiltjw;F cs;s Njitia
Vw;gLj;Jtjw;F my;yJ VBE iaf; $l;Ltjw;F ^1 Gs;sp&

(b) (i) (12 − 2) = 10 × 10 × R

−3

R1 = 10 = 1000 Ω = 1kΩ ^1 Gs;sp&

10 × 10−6
(ii) VA = (12 − 9) = 3 V ^1 Gs;sp&

(iii) (I) VA > VB

VQ = +12V KidTj;jd;ikf;Fk; ngWkhdj;jpw;Fk; ^1 Gs;sp&

(II) V < V
A B
VQ = −12V KidTj;jd;ikf;Fk; ngWkhdj;jpw;Fk; ^1 Gs;sp&

(iv) (I) VA > VB ^1 Gs;sp&

(II) mg;NghJ B - E re;jp Kd;Kff; NfhlYw;W ,kpup njhopw;gLfpd;wJ.

my;yJ VA < VB MFk;NghJ B - E re;jp gpd;Kff; NfhlYWfpd;wikahy; ,kpup
njhopw;gLtjpy;iy. ^1 Gs;sp&

(v) (I) 4.8 V ^1 Gs;sp&

(II) VA > VB , VA < VB Mfpa ,U re;ju;g;gq;fisAk; ngWtjw;Fr; Nrdu;
Nthy;w;wsT 3V ,w;Fk; 6V ,w;FkpilNa cs;s ngWkhdj;ijf;
nfhz;bUj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. ^1 Gs;sp&

(vi) (I) 0.5 = 4.8 I

I = 0.1 A ^1 Gs;sp&

(II) V = IR
12 − 4.8 = 0.1R gpujpapLk;NghJ ^1 Gs;sp&
R = 72Ω ^1 Gs;sp&

[gf;. 13 Ig; ghu;f;f

 - 13 -
10. (A) (a) tpjp ^ Gs;sp 1&
epiyikfs; ^1 Gs;sp&
(b) θ

62̊C

^2 Gs;spfs;&

t
(c) (i) cUFepiy 62̊C ^1 Gs;sp&
(ii) dQ = 0.1×1800 3.6 + 60 × 3.6 ^2 Gs;spfs;&
dt 60 60
= 14.4 J s -1

^,l=Kq 1&
(iii) dQ = 100 − 14.4
dt

= 85.6 J s-1 ^1 Gs;sp&

(iv) 0.1 × 1800 × 3.6 = 0.1 × C × 4.8 + 60 × 48 ^1 Gs;sp&

60 60 60
1200 JK = C
^1 Gs;sp&
−1

(v) 62°C 85.6 W

θ °C 100 W
dQ
dt α (θ − θr)
^1 Gs;sp&

85.6 α (62 − 30) ^1 Gs;sp&

100 α (θ − 30) xU Fwpj;j ntg;gepiyia toq;Fk; tPjk; ^1 Gs;sp&

85.6 32
Nrjg;gLj;Jk; tPjj;jpw;Fr; rkkhf ,Uj;jy;.
=
100 θ - 30
(θ − 30) 85.6 = 3200
85.6 θ = 3200 + 30 × 85.6
θ = 67.4 0C ^,l=Kq 1&

[gf;. 14 Ig; ghu;f;f

 - 14 -
(B) (a)(i) P = 10 W E = hf Ig; gad;gLj;Jk;NghJ ^1 Gs;sp&
10 × 6000 × 10
−10

N = 2
C = fλ Ig; gad;gLj;Jk;NghJ ^1 Gs;sp&
4 × 3 × 10 × 6.63 × 10 × 3 × 10
−34 8

gpujpapLk;NghJ ^1 Gs;sp&
16
= 2.5 × 10 m s
−2 −1
tpilf;F ^1 Gs;sp&

(ii) czupapd; KOg; gug;gsT kPJk; tpOk; Nghl;ld;fspd; vz;zpf;if

= 0.4 × 10 m
2
A
−4

= 2.5 × 10 × 0.4 × 10
16
ND
−4

= 1 × 10
12
^1 Gs;sp&

(iii) 1 nrf;fdpy; fhyg;gLk; xspapyj;jpud;fspd; vz;zpf;if

= 1 × 10 × 0.9
12
gpujpapLk;NghJ ^,l=Kq 1&
= 9 × 10 electrons / sec
11
^1 Gs;sp&

(iv) xspNahl;lk; I = nee
= 9 × 10 × 1.6 × 10
11 −19

= 14.4 × 10 A
−8
^1 Gs;sp&

(b) (i) 0.1

∴ Nghl;ld;fspd; vz;zpf;if =

6.63 × 10−34 × 3 × 10
8
gpujpapLk;NghJ ^,l=Kq 1&
490 × 10−9
= 2.46 × 10
17

=
2.5 × 1017 ^1 Gs;sp&

(ii) Xl;lk; = 2.5 × 10 × 20 × 1.6 × 10

17 −19
^1 Gs;sp&
100
gpujpapLk;NghJ
= 8 × 10
A
−3

= 8 mA ^,l=Kq 1&

(iii)
hf = hf0 + evs ^1 Gs;sp&
hC = hf0 + evs
λ
6.63 × 10 × 3 × 10 = (6.63 × 10 × 5.2 × 10 ) + (1.6 × 10 VS ) gpujpapLk;NghJ
−34 8 −34 14 −19

490 × 10
−9

V = 0.38 V ^1 Gs;sp&
S

***