ENGLISH LANGUAGE

GRADE 10-12
REVISION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

CHIPO KALIMINA
 CONTENTS

STRUCTURE ......................................... 1
STRUCTURE ANSWERS ......................................... 14

REWRITES ......................................... 18
REWRITES ANSWERS ......................................... 28

COMPREHENSION ......................................... 36
COMPREHENSION ANSWERS ......................................... 52

SUMMARY ......................................... 55
SUMMARY ANSWERS ......................................... 63

COMPOSTION WRITING ......................................... 65

STUDY TIPS

ENGLISH LANGUAGE

The best way to improve in English is by reading a lot. Reading widely

is important because it improves your vocabulary. As you prepare for
your exam, ensure that you go through as many questions as possible
from past papers and pamphlets. Practice composition writing often.

ALL THE BEST!!!!

Mr 6points

Mr 6points

i © Mr 6points
 STRUCTURE
Lexis
Fill in the blank spaces by selecting only one word from the table below.
Spell each word correctly.
treated crowd interesting fiddle
crying slithering basket dusk
stitch dawn fierce waist
running rumbled from screeching
patiently bloated snap wailed
emphasised nail retained twinkle
audience bleating croaked stealthily
seldom curiosity nonsense necessity

1 The stars ............. in the pitch dark nights.

2 Have you heard the sheep ........... ?

3 Barking dogs ........ bite.

4 I did not see the car. I just heard the ............... of brakes.

5 After exercising for six months, I was as fit as a .........

6 Sungwe saw a snake .............. in the green grass.

7 Mutinta was so hungry that her stomach ............ like thunder.

8 The tourists enjoyed the sight of the setting sun at .............

9 A ............ in time saves nine.

10 The police fought ............. battles with the rioters.

1 © Mr 6points
11 The headteacher ............ discipline in school.

12 The coach ............ the old team for the final match.

13 We were ........... to a delicious meal by our host.

14 The girl was discouraged ......... going into marriage early.

15 Don't put all your eggs in one .........

16 ............. is the mother of invention.

17 I think what the man said was all stuff and ............

18 The cat walked ............. towards the unsuspecting bird.

19 Always wait ............ for your chance to come because good things
come to those who wait.

20 The Zambian Football Team fought tooth and ........ to qualify for
the 2013 Africa Cup of Nations.

Structure 1
From the four options provided, select the best word (s) which is or are
closest in meaning to the underlined one in the sentence.
1 The production of maize in Zambia soared from 700 000 metric tonnes
to 900 000 metric tonnes.
A Flew
B Grew
C Reduced
D Roared

2 © Mr 6points
2 The wisdom that we have was passed on to us by our ancestors.
A Forefathers
B Historians
C Predecessors
D Successors
3 Most people don't know that many millionaires are tight-fisted.
A Generous
B Industrious
C Miserly
D Modest
4 Although she was poor, she had ample fund to cover tuition fees for
her two sons.
A Superb
B Sufficient
C Sample
D Luxious
5 All living things have attributes that are peculiar to them.
A Cells
B Flaws
C Traits
D Viruses
6 The Head teacher rebuked the typist for the numerous mistakes that
she had made in the document.
A Insulted
B Praised
C Retorted
D Scolded
7 General workers are also referred to as "blue collar workers"
A Applied to
B Concerned with
C Regarded as
D Related to
3 © Mr 6points
8 The Supreme Court reversed the decision of the High Court.
A Opposed
B Overturned
C Returned
D Revised
9 Victor and I handled the problem with ease.
A Dealt in
B Dealt with
C Help up
D operated on
10 Samuel Matete set a world record time in the 400-metre hurdles in
the 1996 Olympic Games.
A Established
B Found
C Promised
D Proposed
11 She achieved only a glimmer of what she had hoped to do.
A Reached
B Fetched
C Attempted
D Accomplished
12 We did our best to overcome the challenge caused by the power
outages.
A Defeat
B Get to know
C Ignore
D Understand
13 This is authentic leather.
A Expensive
B Famous
C Genuine
D Well-known
4 © Mr 6points
14 We replaced delicate exotic trees with sturdy local trees.
A Heavy
B Straight
C Strong
D Tall
15 We are optimistic that human ingenuity would find ways to overcome
food shortages.
A Cleverness
B Curiosity
C Findings
D Inventions
16 The notorious criminal kicked the bucket.
A Died
B Escaped
C Hit the bucket
D Store the bucket
17 A number of schools have mushroomed in recent years.
A Decreased slowly
B Developed slowly
C Developed steadily
D Increased quickly
18 It was forecast that there would be a severe drought.
A Deduced
B Imagined
C Observed
D Predicted
19 The hostilities between the two countries heightened in 1989.
A Escalated
B Started
C Stopped
D Was resolved

5 © Mr 6points
20 She had adequate food to feed the visitors.
A A few
B A little
C Few
D Little

Structure 2
From the four options provided, select the best word (s) which is or are
closest in meaning to the underlined one in the sentence.

1 The match did not start on time as one of the match officials arrived
late. (turned on, turned over, turned out, turned up)

2 This bag is made of artificial leather. (modern, synthetic, new, natural)

3 Due to the drought, the power supply was irregular.

(slow, impatient, prolific, erratic)

4 The Headteacher asked the prefects to give him their candid opinion
about the mischief maker. (solid, frank, firm, real)

5 The United States of America provides an apt example of an affluent

country. (industrialised, democratic, wealthy, capitalist)

6 Industrial towns are usually polluted by smoke. (filled, contained,

oxidised, contaminated)

7 The President accommodated a diversity of ideas. (complicity,

uniformity, variety, consistent)

8 The outfit was suitable for the weather. (specific, typical, characteristic,
appropriate)

6 © Mr 6points
9 She by chance found the missing ring. (came to, came round, came up,
came across)

10 An old friend of mine called at my office yesterday. (visited, telephoned,

shouted at, returned to)

11 I was asked to record the interview verbatim. (verbally, word for word,
in writing, orally)

12 We should not always back up our friends in what they say. (support,
oppose, disappoint, accept)

13 All members agreed to a tentative proposal of raising the membership

fee. (timely, final, provisional, initial)

14 Some people have only superficial knowledge of things. (deep, shallow,

little, superfluous)

15 The plan fell out because few members supported it.

(failed, succeeded, collapsed, dropped)

16 The police came across a cadaver near the post office. (carcass, corpse,
criminal, suspect)

17 Carbon dioxide extinguishes fire. (puts off, puts out, switches off,
switches out)

18 She has been unwell for a long time and her health has deteriorated.
(decreased, failed, worsened, declined)

19 Water is a therapy. (need, want, healer, liquid)

20 Killing people is a heinous crime. (serious, bad, sad, heartless)

7 © Mr 6points
CLOZE PASSAGE
Complete the following passage by supplying the missing words. Only one
word must be filled in each blank space.
Internet dating continues (1) ...... grow in popularity worldwide. Internet
romances may blossom quickly, but they often wither when reality sets
(2) ..... There is a greater cause (3) ..... concern than mere disappointment.
Dating in this fashion may put you in serious danger: whether physically,
emotionally (4) ..... spiritually. How can something that looks so innocent
and safe, a computer terminal right in your own home, actually (5) ...... a
danger to you? How is such dishonesty practised on the internet? And what
dangers does this present to those who are looking (6) ...... romance?
One parent was alarmed to learn (7) ...... large proportions of children
disobey parental rules against visiting dangerous websites. When youths
use the internet to meet new people, they can be in far more danger
(8) ...... they realise. For example, some people can use the internet to lure
minors into debased sexual activities. Indeed, there have been reports of
adult sexual predators who pretend to (9) ..... youths as they prowl the
internet seeking to prey on young ones. According to one study, one-in-five
children who use the internet have(10) ..... Solicited for sex. One newspaper
also stated that one-in thirty-three children between ages ten and
seventeen were aggressively stalked (11) ...... computer conversations.
Some young people have found, to their surprise, that the youth with (12)
..... they shared a budding romance over the internet was actually (13) ......
adult prison mate. Other young (14) ..... have unwittingly become
involved with sexual predators. These vile people first ‘groom’ a prospective
victim, building trust through friendly on-line chats. Eventually, they seek to
meet in person in order to carry (15) ..... their perverted desires. Tragically,
young people have been beaten, raped and even murdered. Wicked people
do hide what they are in (16) ..... to find victims on the internet. Anonymous
communication through the internet can make it almost impossible to see
through such deception. When you talk with someone in person, you may
learn something from his facial expression and the tone of his (17) ......
But on the internet, you don’t get any of that. It is easy to be fooled and

8 © Mr 6points
taken for granted, not everyone you meet on the internet is a dangerous
predator. However, there are additional ways in which people hide what
they are. A common practice (18) ..... those seeking romance on the internet
is to exaggerate or invent good traits and to minimise or conceal serious
faults. Internet dating can be bad (19) ..... people get deceived. People often
switch sexes, income levels, race, criminal records, mental health histories
and marital status. To warn others, many people have reported painful
experiences of (20) ..... misled by internet dates. Rather than believing all
that is written to you by someone you have never met, consider your steps
carefully.

Structure 3
From the given four options, choose the one that has a similar meaning to
the underlined word.

1 That is the latest invention by the famous professor.

(creation, discovery, manufacture, making)

2 It is difficult to predict the end result in this game.

(intend, know, foretell, presume)

3 The Principal was delighted to receive a unanimous response from

the students. (synonymous, harmonious, united, logical)

4 It is dangerous for soldiers at war to deplete the bullet stocks.

(dispose, expose, finish, replenish)

5 Since this issue is trivial, let us progress.

(real, obvious, negligible, unusual)

6 The Sinamuzeze brothers would have fought if they were not restrained.
(constrained, stopped, whipped, defeated)

9 © Mr 6points
7 All autonomous institutions will meet the President tomorrow.
(successful, wealthy, synonymous, independent)

8 My sister lives at the peripheral of the town.

(centre, end, beginning, hub)

9 There was no option but to quarantine the cholera patients.

(treat, confine, confirm, discharge)

10 I do not get bored listening to eloquent speakers.

(frequent, fast, fluent, swift)

11 The teacher will not permit anyone to leave early.

(refuse, accept, allow, forbid)

12 Mr Chanda liked the architect’s innovative plans.

(powerful, original, expensive, modern)

13 Florence’s new sneakers were spotless.

(clean, dirty, expensive, sporty)

14 Each of the poet’s work is unique.

(similar, different, right, peculiar)

15 The children take after their father.

(respect, like, love, resemble)

16 The warriors triumphed in their pursuit.

(lost, persisted, succeeded, surrendered)

17 There was anarchy in the stadium after the first goal.

(excitement, confusion, amazement, jubilation)

10 © Mr 6points
18 An owl is a nocturnal hunter.
(vicious, skilled, night, bird)

19 The little girl looked down on the maid.

(disputed, despised, disliked, watched)

20 Hakaintu is a pseudo lawyer.

(refined lawyer, competent lawyer, expensive lawyer, fake lawyer)

Structure 4
In each of the following sentences, the underlined word has been wrongly
used. Replace it with the correct word.

1 Kipaila was bitten by a wasp.

2 Simbomba succeeded to winning the chess competition.

3 The teacher ordered the learners to keep quite.

4 The tourists are interested in seeing a troupe of monkeys near the

Victoria falls.

5 Of the two girls, Clara is the least beautiful.

6 Matete, together with three other athletes, have left for Kenya.

7 The goat barked when it saw a snake.

8 Having lied in bed for two hours, Dalitso regained consciousness.

9 A pig and its kid were stolen yesterday.

11 © Mr 6points
10 It is high time you sell your old car.

11 Hakantu packed his car adjacent to the headteacher’s Office

12 Kahilu did not participate in the race because her head was paining.

13 We look forward to have a chat with you again.

14 A flock of wolves attacked them.

15 Let us be calm and wait the outcome.

16 The Procurement Officer has bought twenty rims of paper for the end
of term tests.

17 There was barely no water in the tan.

18 The guest of owner has just arrived.

19 We do not know the route cause of the problem.

20 My neighbour helped me to put off the fire.

Structure 5
From the given three options, choose the one that completes the sentence
correctly.

1 They stayed in the ...... for two days. (dessert, desert, deserter)

2 He was told to get the garden ...... in order to water the flowers.
(hose, hoarse, nose)

12 © Mr 6points
3 He was the ...... apparent to the throne. (hare, heir, hair)

4 Joan was given a piece of ...... by her parents. (advise, advice,

advising)

5 The thief who was ...... was finally caught by the police.
(illusive, elusive, allusive)

6 The doctor gave her a ...... for influenza. (job, jab, Jolt)

7 The coach told the player to take a deep ...... (breathe, breath,
breadth)

8 The policeman managed to ...... the truth from the patient.

(illicit, elicit, illiterate)

9 She was regarded as an ...... freedom fighter. (eminent, imminent,

emanate)

10 The referee urged the players to demonstrate ...... play. (fare, fair, flare)

11 The striker made a ...... prior to scoring the ball. (feint, faint, fend)

12 The children’s lives were at ...... as there was no one to look after
them. (stake, steak, stick)

13 The children’s lives were at ...... as there was no one to look after
them. (stake, steak, stick)

14 It was established that many members of the community died of

....... poisoning. (led, lead, lid)

15 They all gave an ...... to the proposal. (assent, ascent, accent)

13 © Mr 6points
16 The expert managed to ...... the bomb and the situation came back
to normal. (diffuse, defuse, defeat)

17 They reached the ...... of the mountain. (pick peck, peak)

18 It is not healthy to eat ...... meat. (row, role, raw)

19 The people on the island took refuge in an ...... (arc, ark, acre)

20 That the attacker turned into a cat was a ...... (meth, myth, mirth)

STRUCTURE ANSWERS
LEXIS

1 twinkle 6 slithering 11 emphasised 16 curiosity

2 bleating 7 rumbled 12 wailed 17 nonsense

3 seldom 8 dusk 13 treated 18 stealthily

4 screeching 9 stitch 14 from 19 patiently

5 fiddle 10 running 15 basket 20 Nail

14 © Mr 6points
STRUCTURE 1

1 Grew 6 Scolded 11 Accomplished 16 Died

2 Forefathers 7 Regarded as 12 Defeat 17 Increased quickly

3 Miserly 8 Overturned 13 Genuine 18 Predicted

4 Sufficient 9 Dealt with 14 Strong 19 Escalated

5 Traits 10 Established 15 Cleverness 20 A little

STRUCTURE 2

1 turned up 6 contaminated 11 word for word 16 corpse

2 synthetic 7 variety 12 support 17 puts out

3 erratic 8 appropriate 13 provisional 18 worsened

4 frank 9 came across 14 shallow 19 healer

5 wealthy 10 visited 15 failed 20 serious

15 © Mr 6points
CLOZE PASSAGE

1 to 6 for 11 through / by 16 order

2 in 7 that 12 whom 17 voice

3 for 8 than 13 an 18 among

4 or 9 be 14 ones/people 19 because

5 be/present 10 been 15 out 20 being

STRUCTURE 3

1 creation 6 stopped 11 allow 16 succeeded

2 foretell 7 independent 12 modern 17 confusion

3 united 8 end 13 clean 18 night

4 finish 9 confine 14 peculiar 19 despised

5 negligible 10 fluent 15 resemble 20 fake lawyer

16 © Mr 6points
STRUCTURE 4

1 stung 6 has 11 parked 16 reams

2 in 7 bleated 12 aching 17 any

3 quiet 8 lain 13 having 18 honour

4 troop 9 piglet 14 pack 19 root

5 less 10 sold 15 await 20 out

STRUCTURE 5

1 desert 6 jab 11 feint 16 defuse

2 hose 7 breath 12 stake 17 peak

3 heir 8 elicit 13 march 18 raw

4 advice 9 eminent 14 lead 19 ark

5 elusive 10 fair 15 assent 20 myth

17 © Mr 6points
 REWRITES
1 All the cattle are in the Kraal.
Begin: None ......................................................................................

2 Football and basketball are popular games in Zambia.

Begin: Football, together with ...........................................................

3 You will never solve this problem until somebody helps you.
Begin: Not until ..................................................................................

4 Most people consider football the most interesting sport in the world.
Begin: Football .................................................................................

5 I prefer going to the cinema to watching television.

Begin: I would rather .......................................................................

6 As the horse galloped across the road, it narrowly missed the car.
Begin: Galloping ................................................................................

7 It is only after going for Voluntary Counselling and Testing that you can
know your HIV status.
Begin: Unless ....................................................................................

8 The teacher said that he wanted me to tell him the truth or he would
slap me.
Begin: The teacher said," ..................................................................

9 My mother was too bewildered to talk.

Begin: So ............................................................................................

10 My performance does not improve although I train very hard.

Begin: No matter ...............................................................................

18 © Mr 6points
11 The snake was crossing the road when Peter killed it.
Begin: Crossing ..................................................................................

12 We failed to visit you because the road was bad.

Begin:But for ....................................................................................

13 The President and ten other government officials are touring our
village.
Use `as well as' instead of ‘and’ ........................................................

14 Angry and proud, Joseph resolved to fight back.

Begin: With .......................................................................................

15 He borrowed the money from his friend last week.

Begin: His ..........................................................................................

16 I only realised how dangerous the man was after meeting him.
Begin: Only ......................................................................................

17 She is so intelligent that she will be selected for Grade Ten.

Begin: She is too ...............................................................................

18 He rarely goes to the village.

Begin: Rarely ....................................................................................

19 Jane lived longer than her brother.

Use ‘survived’ .................................................................................

20 They didn't think he would pass so well.

Begin: He passed ..............................................................................

21 In your place, I would ask for a transfer to another school.

Begin: If ............................................................................................

19 © Mr 6points
22 As we were chatting under a tree by the road side, a car nearly hit us.
Begin: Chatting ....................................................................................

23 Since you have completed Grade 12, you can go to the game park for a
holiday.
Begin: Now ...........................................................................................

24 My parents forced me to go school.

Begin: My parents made ......................................................................

25 "I don't know if my friends will come tomorrow," John said.

Begin: John wondered ..........................................................................

26 He is a cousin and a good friend of mine.

Begin: Not only ....................................................................................

27 It is alleged that he stole from his neighbour.

Begin: He .............................................................................................

28 Both the Biology text book and the History text book were in bad shape.
Begin: Neither ......................................................................................

29 She doesn't know the answer. That is why she is doubting.

Begin: If ................................................................................................

30 The building seems to be on fire.

Begin: It appears ..................................................................................

31 Jane is more ridiculous and lazier than any other child in the family.
Begin: Jane is the .................................................................................

32 The Headteacher was very angry with the noisy class. Consequently,
he punished them.

20 © Mr 6points
 Begin: So ............................................................................................

33 It was so shocking that she insulted her mother-in-law.

Begin: That ........................................................................................

34 George does not greet me. Neither does Judith.

Begin: Neither ...................................................................................

35 Michael asked Namakau where her younger sister was.

“................................................................................. “ asked Micheal.

36 I would rather drink water than beer.

Begin: I prefer ...................................................................................

37 The milk was bad. John threw it away.

Begin: Being ......................................................................................

38 I have never thought of that at any time.

Begin: At no .......................................................................................

39 I bought a pair of shoes.

Add the following adjectives in the correct order to describe the
pair of shoes in detail:- 'red, leather, attractive, high-heeled.'
Begin: I bought ................................................................................

40 You don't have to come here tomorrow.

Begin: You needn't ............................................................................

41 Pupils should not be allowed free access to the staffroom on any

account.
On .......................................................................... staffroom.

42 He doesn't understand and he doesn't sympathise with anyone.

21 © Mr 6points
 Begin: He neither .............................................................................

43 It is unfortunate that man is naturally selfish and possessive.

Begin: Man, ......................................................................................

44 The lamp was lit at 18:00 hours. It burnt until midnight.

Begin: Lit ..........................................................................................

45 You do it again.
Begin: You have ................................................................................

46 Both Peter and John are intelligent.

Begin: Neither ...................................................................................

47 Mr Chama said, "Son, wake up early tomorrow morning."

Begin: Mr Chama reminded ..............................................................

48 The venue for the party has been arranged by the girls.
Begin: The girls ..................................................................................

49 No one believes Francis because he always tells lies.

Begin: Because ..................................................................................

50 You are coming with us

Add a question tag ..............................................................................

51 It hardly rains in the desert. Provide a question tag.

Provide a question tag .......................................................................

52 "Chanda has a health problem," noted Aunt Linda, "and she needs
specialist attention."
Rewrite in Reported Speech.
Begin: Aunt Linda noted ....................................................................

22 © Mr 6points
53 Crop yields are often poor since the area experiences droughts.
Begin: Owing .....................................................................................

54 After he was convinced that his learners had understood the lesson,
Mr Phiri left the class.
Begin: Having ....................................................................................

55 All the girls are beautiful.

Begin: None ......................................................................................

56 He was very skilful. He scored three goals in one match.

End: ................................. that he scored three goals in one match.

57 Mr Mubita was surprised that his sister visited him at a time he

least expected her.
Begin: To ............................................................................................

58 I will not do the work unless you ask John to help me

Begin: Provided .................................................................................

59 Teachers blame learners for poor results at Grade Twelve.

Begin: Learners .................................................................................

60 Sugar prices will go up sharply next week. That is unavoidable.

Begin: That ........................................................................................

61 "Ben, will you take me out for dinner tomorrow?" asked Misozi.
Begin: Misozi asked Ben ...................................................................

62 Although she was hungry, Chola did not eat at the wedding.
Begin: Despite ..................................................................................

63 Peter did not ride the bicycle carefully. He fell and broke his leg.

23 © Mr 6points
 Begin: If ............................................................................................

64 None of the boys in my class played soccer.

Begin: All .........................................................................................

65 As soon as he got home, Mwape started feeling sick.

Begin: Scarcely .................................................................................

66 She was upset by the suggestion that women could not make good
presidents.
Begin: The suggestion ......................................................................

67 The old woman's chitenge was very old. No one could mend it.
The ..................................................................................... mended.

68 As Mary came out of the house, a strange man dragged her into a
car and drove off.
Begin: Coming ...................................................................................

69 Take that dirty bucket away. Add a question tag?

Begin: Take .......................................................................................

70 The school debate club and five other teams are contesting in the
inter-schools competition.
Use 'as well as' instead of 'and'
Begin: The school debate club .........................................................

71 The teacher and her learners are working hard toward the attainment
of good results.
Begin: The teacher, in collaboration with ........................................

72 This woman's patience is surprising.

Begin: This woman ............................................................................

24 © Mr 6points
73 It was reported that she had died of cerebral malaria.
Begin: She was ..................................................................................

74 You will manage to find him next Thursday.

Begin: Not until .................................................................................

75 "I am not responsible for this loss in any way, " said the goalkeeper.
Begin: The goalkeeper said that ........................................................

76 You will emerge victorious provided you remain focused.

Unless ...............................................................................................

77 Let us meet and discuss this issue.

Begin: It is high time .........................................................................

78 One should be courageous and determined to succeed in politics.

Begin: It takes ..................................................................................

79 Immediately Andy won the race, he fainted.

Begin: No sooner had .......................................................................

80 Although Betty is very tall, she is not good at long jump.

Begin: In spite of ...............................................................................

81 Learners are not allowed out of bounds under any circumstances.

Begin: Under ....................................................................................

82 If you train harder, you will win the fight.

Begin: Unless ....................................................................................

83 Those clouds are lovely, but they signal the coming of bad weather.
Begin: Lovely ....................................................................................

25 © Mr 6points
84 They were driving through town, so they decided to pay us a visit.
Begin: As .........................................................................................

85 We did not request the gift and we did not expect it.
Begin: We neither ...........................................................................

86 As soon as you finish packing, we will leave.

Begin: No sooner ............................................................................

87 The headteacher and all the prefects are attending a meeting.

Begin: The headteacher, as .............................................................

88 As the doctor ran several medical tests on the patient, cancer cells
were seen in the specimen.
Begin: Running ...............................................................................

89 Sichikali would rather plant beans than harvest rice.

Begin: Sichikali prefers ....................................................................

90 Mr Mwansa spoke very fluently. All the participant understood his

presentation.
Begin: So .........................................................................................

91 The old lady was attended to only when the director intervened.
Begin: Not until ..............................................................................

92 Clara was both an actress and a soccer player

Begin: Besides ................................................................................

93 I am sorry I did not seek the doctor's advice.

Begin: I wish I ..................................................................................

94 You need to stop dodging lessons.

26 © Mr 6points
 Begin: I would rather you .................................................................

95 She will buy the books provided that you give her the money.
Begin: As long as ..............................................................................

96 You should not use bad language.

Begin: You should avoid ...................................................................

97 As Charity worked harder, she made more money.

Begin: The harder.............................................................................

98 Kitesa accidentally broke the glasses when he was setting the table.
Begin: Setting .................................................................................

99 He didn’t perform well although he studied hard.

...................................... despite ....................................................

100 Chalinda and seven other students were expelled from the
university last year.
Begin: Chalinda, with ......................................................................

27 © Mr 6points
 REWRITES ANSWERS
1. None of the cattle is (out of / outside) the kraal.

2. Football, together with basketball, is a popular game in Zambia.

3. Not until somebody helps you will you be able to solve this problem.
or
Not until you are helped will you ever solve this problem.

4. Football is considered the most interesting sport in the world.

or
Football is considered by most people the most interesting sport in
the world.

5. I would rather go the cinema than watch television.

6. Galloping across the road, the horse narrowly missed the car.

7. Unless you go for Voluntary Counseling and Testing / V.C.T., you will
not know your HIV status.

8. The teacher said, “I want you to tell me the truth or else I will slap
you.”

9. So bewildered was my mother that she could (not/was unable to/was

not able to/failed) to talk.

10. No matter how hard I train, my performance does not improve.

11. Crossing the road, the snake was killed by Peter.

12. But for the bad road, we would have visited you.

28 © Mr 6points
13. The President, as well as ten other government officials, is touring our
village.

14. With anger and pride, Joseph resolved to fight back.

15. His friend lent him the money last week.

16. Only after meeting the man did I realize how dangerous he was.

17. She is too intelligent not to be selected for Grade Ten.

18. Rarely does he go to the village.

19. Jane survived her brother.

20. He passed much better than they thought he would.

21. If I (were you /in your place/situation/shoes), I would ask for a transfer
to another school.

22. Chatting under a tree by the roadside, we were nearly hit by a car.

23. Now that you have completed Grade 12, you can go the game park
for a holiday.

24. My parents made me go to school.

25. John wondered (if/whether) his friends would come the (next
day/following day).

26. Not only is he a cousin, he is also a good friend of mine.

29 © Mr 6points
27. He is alleged to have stolen from his neighbour or He allegedly stole
from his neighbour.

28. Neither the Biology text book nor the history text book was in good
shape.

29. If I knew the answer, she would not be (doubting/doubtful/would not

doubt).

30. It appears that the building is on fire.

31. Jane is the laziest and most ridiculous child in the family.
or
Jane is the most ridiculous and laziest child in the family.

32. So angry was the Headteacher with the noisy class that he punished
them.

33. That she insulted her mother-in-law was so shocking.

34. Neither George nor Judith greets me.

or
Neither does George nor Judith greet me.

35. “Namakau, where is your younger sister?” asked Michael.

or
”Where is your younger sister?” asked Michael.

36. I prefer drinking water to beer.

37. Being bad, the milk was thrown away by John.

30 © Mr 6points
38. At no time have I ever thought of that.

39. I bought an attractive, high heeled, red, leather pair of shoes.

40. You needn’t come here tomorrow.

41. On no account should pupils be allowed free access to the staffroom.

42. He neither understands nor sympathises with anyone.

43. Man, unfortunately, is naturally selfish and possessive.

44. Lit at 18:00 hours, the lamp burnt until midnight.

45. You have to do it again.

46. Neither Peter nor John is dull.

47. Mr. Chama reminded his son to wake up early the (following/next
morning).

48. The girls have arranged the venue for the party.

49. Because Francis always tells lies, no one believes him.

50. aren’t you?

51. does it?

52. Aunt Linda noted that Chanda had a health problem and that she
needed specialist attention.

53. Owing to the droughts the area experiences, crop yields are often poor.

31 © Mr 6points
54. Having been convinced that his learners had understood the lesson,
Mr Phiri left the class.

55. None of the girls is ugly.

56. He was so skillful that he scored three goals in one match.

57. To Mr Mubita’s surprise, his sister visited him at a time he least

expected her.

58. Provided that John helps me, I will do the work.

59. Learners are blamed by the teachers for the poor results at Grade
Twelve.

60. That sugar prices will go up sharply next week is unavoidable .

61. Misozi asked Ben if he would take her out for dinner the (following
day/the coming day).

62. Despite being hungry, Chola did not eat at the wedding.

63. If Peter had ridden the bicycle carefully, how wouldn’t have fallen and
broken his leg.

64. All the boys in my class did not play soccer.

65. Scarcely (did Mwape get home/had Mwape got home) when he started
feeling sick.

66. The suggestion that women could not make good presidents upset her.

67. The old woman’s chitenge was too old to be mended

32 © Mr 6points
68. Coming out of the house, Mary was dragged into a car by a strange
man and drove off.

69. will you?

70. The school debate club, as well as five other teams, is contesting in
the inter-schools competition.

71. The teacher, in collaboration with her learners, is working hard

towards the attainment of good results.

72. This woman is surprisingly patient.

73. She was reported to have died of cerebral malaria.

74. Not until next Thursday will you manage to find him.

75. he was not responsible for that loss in any way.

76. Unless you remain focused, you will not emerge victorious.

77. It is high time we met and discussed this issue.

78. It takes courage and determination to succeed in politics.

79. No sooner had Andy won the race than he fainted.

80. In spite of being very tall, Betty is not good at long jump.
or
In spite of the fact that Betty is very tall, she is not good at long jump.

81. Under no circumstances are learners allowed out of bounds.

33 © Mr 6points
82. Unless you train harder, you will not win the fight.
or
Unless you train harder, you won’t win the fight
or
Unless you train harder, you will lose the fight.

83. lovely though those cloudy are, they signal the coming of bad weather.
or
Lovely as those clouds are, they signal the coming of bad weather.

84. As they were driving through town, they decided to pay us a visit.

85. We neither requested the gift nor did we expect it.

86. No sooner do we finish packing than we will leave.

87. The Headteacher, as well as all the prefects, is attending a meeting.

88. Running several medical tests on the patient, the doctor saw cancer
cells in the specimen.

89. Sichikali prefers planting beans to harvesting rice.

90. So fluently did Mr Mwansa speak that all the participants understood
his presentation.

91. Not until the director intervened was the old lady attended to.

92. Besides being an actress, Clara was a soccer player.

or
Besides Clara being an actress, she was a soccer player.

93. I wish I had sought the doctor's advice.

34 © Mr 6points
94. I would rather you stopped dodging lessons.

95. As long as you give her the money, she will buy the books.

96. You should avoid using bad language.

97. The harder Charity worked, the more money she made.

98. Setting the table, Kitesa accidentally broke the glasses.

99. He didn’t perform well despite studying hard.

or
He didn’t perform well despite the fact that he studied hard.

100. Chilinda, with seven other students, was expelled from the university
last year.

35 © Mr 6points
 COMPREHENSION
FIRST PASSAGE
1 Human language is meant to reveal and share something about ourselves.
There are two main types of communication: symbolic and empathic.
Symbolic communication consists of spoken or written language, signs
and gestures. It covers such vastly different things as mathematics,
instruments, panels, scoreboards, barber poles, signal lights, secret codes
and so on.

2 Empathic communication is non - verbal; it is more of an exchange of

feelings. We cannot ignore or belittle its importance because the greater
part of our communication is made of unspoken feelings and emotions.

3 Language is a complex of signs. Language is written if it consists of signs

written on stone, wood, metal, paper or any other material. It is spoken
when the talk is carried on through pronounced words. It is ideagraphic if
symbols express ideas. For instance, eyes represent sight and ears hearing.
The Chinese system is an example of the ideagraphic language.

4 Language is phonetic or phonographic if particular signs are given

particular meanings and these signs are made use of in communication.
Shorthand and coded language are examples.

5 When our words fail to convey adequately all that we feel and would like
to express, non - verbal communication or body language takes place.

6 Psychologists have found that our communication is mainly non - verbal.

We communicate a good 30 percent through symbols. These can be
clothes, hairstyle, cosmetics, jewellery or gifts. Most importantly, we
communicate through actions of the body such as gestures, facial
expression, a hug, eye contact and tics.

36 © Mr 6points
7 Our non - verbal behaviour speaks loud and clear to the listener as
his or her non-verbal behaviour tells us how he or she is feeling. Non-
verbal language is more apt to indicate how one's mental attitude and
emotions stand.

8 Body language is more impressive than word. It is expressed in the tone

of voice, the look in the eyes, the smile, the frown and the way in which
the hands are used.

9 An adequate knowledge of non-verbal behaviour will enhance our

ability to understand more fully what transpires during interaction.
Therefore, knowledge of body language is of utmost importance for
communication. Someone may be saying one thing and non - verbally
telling you something else.

QUESTIONS

1 The best title for the passage is ...

A Communication.
B Empathic communication.
C Symbolic communication.
D Types of communication.

2 In Paragraph 2, "We cannot ignore or belittle its importance" The word

"its“ refers to ...
A empathic communication.
B exchange of feelings.
C non-verbal communication
D unspoken feelings and emotions.

37 © Mr 6points
3 In Paragraph 2, exchange of feelings is portrayed through ...
A empathic communication.
B spoken language.
C symbolic communication.
D written language

4 According to the passage, gestures are part of ...

A ideagraphic language.
B non-verbal language.
C spoken language.
D symbolic communication

5 According to the passage, which of the following statements is not true?

A Shorthand is a form of symbolic communication.
B Signs are an example of symbolic communication.
C The greater part of our communication is made of unspoken
feelings and emotions.
D The two main types of communication are symbolic and empathic.

6 Which of the following mostly reveals and shares something about

ourselves?
A Non-verbal communication
B Symbolic communication
C Verbal communication
D Written communication

7 In Paragraph 8, "Body language is more impressive than words". The

word `impressive' means ...
A appealing
B deceiving.
C interesting.
D revealing.

38 © Mr 6points
8 From paragraph 9, we can deduce that where non-verbal
communication conflict with spoken language, we should go for ...
A either spoken or non-verbal communication.
B neither spoken nor non-verbal communication.
C non-verbal language.
D spoken language

9 Road signs can be said to belong to ...

A body language.
B empathic communication.
C ideagraphic language.
D spoken language.

10 Complete the following sentences by filling in the blank spaces with the
most suitable word from the passage:

(i) The type of language in which symbols are expressed in ideas is

called .......................

(ii) Shorthand and coded language are examples of language ..................

SECOND PASSAGE
Afro-aversion in Africa

1 Is it the texture of our hair or the hue of our skin or perhaps the
strength of our features that make us more or less appealing to the
"world"? Whatever it is, the issue of Afro-aversion is definitely one that
confronts us in our day to day lives.

39 © Mr 6points
2 Toni Morrison in her 1970 book 'The Bluest Eye's’ gives a lengthy account
of a fictional Pecola Breedlove. Pecola is a young African- American girl,
blessed with rich, dark skin and every other feature connoting blackness.
As a young girl, she falls victim to a cruel world that deems her kind of
beauty, ugly. Her skin is considered too dark even by her own kind. This
makes her repulsive to nearly all who come across her and prompts her
to detest every facet of her existence. She resolves to change her eye
colour to blue, to resemble that of child idol Shirley Temple whose white
skin, blue eyes and blonde hair seem to captivate the entire world.

3 Her life is constantly weighed down by the Afro-aversion her society is

infected with, where light is better than black. This constant social
pressure thrusts the young girl into a pitiful world of self-hate and robs
her of her self-esteem, leading her on a downwards spiral into emptiness.

4 In a Southern African country where nearly 70% of the population

comprises a typical African looking people, it rouses great thought to
see many people going to extreme lengths to conceal their natural
identities.

5 Afro-aversion in this context refers to the tendency to avoid physical

appearance connoting blackness. That is, a flat or broad nose, curly hair,
thick lips and dark skin. A tour of the continent will reveal a picture so
diverse in nature but each with a growing trend; the issue of Afro -
aversion. Women and men alike across the continent are bleaching their
skins pale, some to the point of which their veins are easily visible by the
naked eye. Contact lenses and various medical procedures are making it
possible for our brothers and sisters to alienate themselves even further
from their natural African identity.

6 Like Pecola Breedlove, many African women and girls today fall victim
to the stereotypes attributed to skin colour. In many cultures, light
skinned women are deemed more desirable than their counterparts.

40 © Mr 6points
 In several parts of the continent, Iight skin is seen as a status of wealth
and prosperity whereas dark skin is associated with poverty. This heavy
emphasis on the value of lighter skin is reflective in several parts of Africa
today. Employers feel more confident in employing a Caucasian or light
skinned individual than a dark skinned person. Lighter skinned actors and
actresses are perceived as having greater public appeal than their tanned
peers.

7 For the eleven-year-old girl looking for a role model, very few women on
her television screen offer solace. They all possess a delicate complexion,
unlike her dark tanned face. Their noses are perfectly contoured to
appear long and thin in contrast to her broad nose. Her appearance
creates a thorn in her own flesh such that she cannot bear to look into
the mirror without cursing the genetics that define her African identity.

8 Today's media is constantly castigating for "white washing" content.

Producers would rather cast models, actors, actresses particularly
bearing European traits. The long straight hair, pale skin, thin nose and
lips all aimed at promoting the stereotype that light is right or anything
black negates the standard of beauty or desirability. Fashion designers
and other media stakeholders have been known to favour western
beauty standards to typical African ones. Women will be forced to relax
their hair or use artificial extensions in order to satisfy the European
aesthetic. The effect of this can only be understood through the
modern day Pecolas, the African women who go to great and often
disastrous lengths to attain a more European or western appearance.

9 In addition to modifying their faces and eyes, these women spend

thousands of dollars each year on hair extensions, skin lightening creams
and other cosmetics. Much of their energy and efforts are invested in a
vain pursuit to be accepted by the Shirley Temples of the world. The
gatekeepers of attractiveness and desirability, the Hollywood stars and
starlets whose flawless appearance cause the Pecolas of the world to
cringe at their own reflection.
41 © Mr 6points
 QUESTIONS
1 According to Paragraph 1, what makes us more or less appealing to the
‘World’ is ...
A not clearly stated.
B texture of our hair.
C the hue of our skin.
D the strength of our features.

2 In 1 paragraph Afro-aversion is ...

A less appealing.
B not an issue.
C confronting us.
D a daily challenge.

3 According to Paragraph 2, the author of the passage states that the

story of Pecola Breedlove is a ... one.
A blue eyed
B dark
C long
D real
4 Paragraph 3 describes ...
A light as being better than black.
B Pecola Breedlovers lengthy account.
C the infected society of Pecola Breedlove.
D the plight of Pecola Breedlove.

5 Paragraph 4: What is meant by the expression, "... to conceal their

natural identities"? To ...
A go to extreme lengths.
B hide who they are.
C keep their natural identity.
D uncover their identity.

42 © Mr 6points
 6 According to Paragraph 5, Afro-aversion is behaviour that ...
A involves only women.
B is strange to women.
C praises being black.
D shuns features of blackness.
7 From Paragraph 6, we can conclude that ...
A light skinned people make better employees.
B many women and girls are dark skinned.
C one needs a light skin to prosper.
D society favours the light skinned.
8 Paragraph 7: "Her appearance creates a thorn in her own flesh ..."
means that she ...
A likes her appearance
B is thornlike in appearance.
C is annoyed by her looks.
D has a thorn in her flesh.
9 Paragraph 8: "The effect of this." The word 'this' refers to ...
A fashion designers and media stakeholders.
B relaxing hair and using artificial extensions.
C the African women who appear Western.
D typical African beauty standards.
10 From the underlined words in the passage, find one word which is an
antonym or near opposite for each of the following words or phrases.
Spell the wordscorrectly.
A Attractive ........................................................

B Rough ..............................................................

C Darkening ........................................................

D Like .................................................................

43 © Mr 6points
 THIRD PASSAGE
1 Maria is a successful young woman and is part of a lovely family. Still,
she is not happy. She is dissatisfied with her appearance. Although her
family tries to encourage her, Maria feels that she is far from being
beautiful and that makes her depressed.

2 Society places excessive importance on looks or appearances. In fact,

success often seems to depend on looks. Many men have become
obsessed with developing the 'perfect’ body. Indeed, many individuals
of both sexes go to great lengths in their pursuit of beauty, even starving
themselves or submitting to painful treatments to achieve the best face
or figure possible. Hankering for beauty has its own share of adverse
repercussions.

3 Beauty is widely considered subjective. What constitutes beauty has

varied a great deal from culture to culture and from era to era.
Throughout the nineteenth century, almost all societies equated
heaviness with elevated social status. A wide girth was seen as a sign of
prosperity and health while a skinny frame meant that a person as too
poor to afford enough food to eat. In some cultures of the South Pacific,
fatness is highly valued. However, in many other places, the opposite is
true. Some religious beliefs link overweight with gluttony and this has
conferred a negative image on robustness. On the other hand, scientific
discoveries about health risks related to obesity have had their influence.

4 Thinness has now been regarded as ideal by a large part of the world.
The media have done much to further this thinking. People who appear
in advertisements on billboards and on television (TV) usually have thin,
athletic bodies. Their images are intended to project a sense of security
and achievement. The same is true of movie and TV stars. Having seen
photographs of models in a magazine, 47 percent of the girls analyzed felt
compelled to lose weight when only 29 percent of these were deemed
overweight.

44 © Mr 6points
5 In an effort to achieve the ‘ideal image' or just to look their best, many
people resort to cosmetic surgery. Modern techniques of plastic surgery
originated in the years following World War I when efforts were made to
repair disfigurements resulting from war wounds. since then, these
techniques have been valuable tools for correcting severe physical
damage caused by burns, traumatic injuries and congenital abnormalities.
However, healthy people put themselves at risk in the interest of
enhancing their appearance. The nose can be reconstructed, excessive
skin can be removed from the face and neck, the size of the ears can be
reduced, fat can be eliminated from the abdomen and hips and the
volume of certain parts of the body can be increased.

6 Sometimes people who are poorly trained perform plastic surgery,

resulting in much harm. Furthermore, there are clinics that administer
dangerous substances to patients in order to trim their figures. Some men
spend many hours in the gymnasium, using virtually all their free time
shaping and toning their bodies. The need to exercise causes their social
activities and relationships with other people to fall off. The compulsion
to achieve a muscular look even causes many to consume substances that
can harm the body. An obsession with personal appearance has caused
some young women to tall victim to eating disorders such as bulimia and
anorexia (nervosa)

QUESTIONS
1 According to Paragraph 1, what makes Maria depressed?
A She is far from being beautiful.
B She is dissatisfied.
C She feels that she is ugly.
D Her family does not adequately encourage her.

45 © Mr 6points
2 In Paragraph 2, the phrase ‘adverse repercussions’ means ...
A undesirable outcomes.
B painful treatments.
C alarming proportions
D acceptable limits.

3 Paragraph 3: Beauty is widely considered subjective because it ...

A has varied a great deal from culture to culture.
B has varied remarkably from era to era.
C is perceived differently depending on culture and era.
D is a subject that has generated a lot of debate.

4 According to the passage, what symbolized high social status in almost

all societies throughout the nineteenth century?
A Expenditure
B Gluttony
C Robustness
D Slenderness

5 Which one of the following statements is true according to Paragraph 3?

A From the scientific standpoint, obesity is hazardous to health.
B In all the cultures of the South Pacific, fatness is highly valued.
C Scientific discoveries about health risks related to obesity have
had their positive influence.
D Some religious beliefs embrace gluttony.

6 We can tell from Paragraph 4 that girls have greatly been influenced by ..
A image that project a sense of security and achievement.
B people who appear in advertisements on billboards and television.
C photographs of models appearing in magazines.
D movie and television stars.

46 © Mr 6points
7 The word ‘perfect’ and the phrase ‘ideal image’ in Paragraph 2 and
Paragraph 5 respectively signify the writer’s ...
A emphasis on the efficacy of the various treatments used.
B resolve to show that the word and the phrase are intelligently
used.
C sense of disapproval.
D sense of humour and sound judgement.

8 According to Paragraph 5, plastic surgery was initially practised to ...

A correct severe physical damage.
B rehabilitate disfigured World War I victims.
C repair disfigurements of war victims.
D treat traumatic injuries and congenital abnormalities.

9 According to Paragraph 6, the compulsive desire of people to improve

their outlook results in ...
A consumption of substances that can harm the body.
B eating disorders such as bulimia and anorexia (nervosa).
C social activities and relationships with other people falling off.
D social alienation, consumption of harmful substances and eating
disorders.

10 From the words underlined in the passage, find those that mean the
same or nearly the same as the following words or expressions (spell
each word correctly.

(i) Having a strong desire. .............................................

(ii) Eating too much. ......................................................

(iii) From or before birth. ...............................................

(iv) Excessive fatness or weight. ....................................

47 © Mr 6points
 FOURTH PASSAGE
1 I was born in Kitwe on the Copperbelt Province. Our homestead was
about four hundred metres away from where my best friend, Angela,
lived. Our homestead stood on a five-acre land where my parents grew
assorted vegetables and fruits. We lived about twenty kilometres away
from the Central Business District (CBD). Our house was called ‘Paradizo’
owing to its beautiful scenery. As a result, some people in the
neighborhood used to come for viewing and others to take photographs.

2 The beginning of my life was simple and much like every other first child
in any family. I used to be ’naughty’ in my early childhood. I could play in
the soil and make my clothes dirty. I was told that I walked the day I was
a year old. Apart from that, I used to sit on my mother‘s lap or cling to
her dress as she went about her household duties. My hands felt every
object and observed every motion and in this way I learnt many things.

3 One early morning, just after my seventh birthday, a sad incident

occurred to me. An illness incapacitated me suddenly and mysteriously.
I started experiencing strange feelings every day. This continued for a
fortnight. Not only was this situation worrisome to me, but also to my
parents. It prompted them to take me to the hospital which was many
kilometres away from home.

4 When we reached the hospital, a physician attended to me. She carried

out the medical check-ups and tests. In my opinion, these medical
investigations were thorough. After the results were ready, she reliably
informed my parents that there was nothing she could do about my
illness. I vividly remember how heartbroken my parents and I were that
day. When we went back home, I cried my eyes out the whole evening.
My parents tried to comfort me, but to no avail. Not even my friend
Angela couldn’t manage to console me, when she visited us that evening.

48 © Mr 6points
5 However, my parents, especially my mother, did not relent in their efforts
to support me. They gave me great hope that I could still live a normal life
and attain success in my academic endeavors. After some time, I felt the
need to communicate with others again and began to make crude signs.
A shake of the head meant ‘No’ and a nod, ‘Yes’. A pull meant 'Come’ and
a push, ‘Go‘. Moreover, my mother succeeded in making me understand
a great deal of the signs. I always knew when she wished me to bring her
something, and I would run upstairs or anywhere else she indicated.
Indeed, I owe to her loving wisdom all that was bright and good in my
long life.

6 At eight, I had learnt how to fold and put away the clean clothes when
they were brought in from the laundry and I distinguished myself from
the rest. Nevertheless, that did not mean I had dominion over anyone.

7 During my school life, I worked hard at both primary and secondary levels.
I still owe this achievement to my mother and father who supported and
encouraged me consistently. In my final grade, I was among the top five
learners who got very good results in the School Certificate Examination.
The following year, I was admitted to the University of Zambia where I
pursued Special Education. After four years, I graduated and obtained a
degree. I got an award in the category of the best performing student in
Special Education.

QUESTIONS
1 In Paragraph 1, the writer’s house was called ‘Paradizo‘ because ...
A it had a queer scenery.
B of its attractiveness.
C some people used to photograph it.
D some people went to view it.

49 © Mr 6points
2 According to Paragraph 3, for how long did the writer experience
strange feelings? For ... weeks.
A forty
B four
C three
D two

3 In Paragraph 4, the expression: "... I cried my eyes out ...”, shows that
the writer ...
A was heartbroken.
B had tears coming out repeatedly.
C cried very loudly.
D cried for a long time.

4 From the tone of the writer in Paragraph 5, we can say that the writer ...
A was successful in speaking.
B was happy with herself.
C received hope from friends.
D appreciated the mother.

5 We can conclude from Paragraph 5 that the writer suffered from ...
A blindness.
B brain disorder.
C deafness.
D paralysis.

6 In Paragraph 6, the expression: "I distinguished myself from the rest";

the rest refers to ...
A clean clothes.
B how to fold clothes.
C other people.
D putting away clothes.

50 © Mr 6points
7 According to Paragraph 7, the author is grateful to her parents for their ..
A achievement and support.
B consistency and achievement.
C support and consistency.
D support and encouragement.
8 From the passage, we can conclude that the writer was ...
A arrogant.
B boastful.
C diligent.
D playful.

9 It is shown in Paragraph 7 that the writer was academically outstanding.

Write the sentence that illustrates this fact.
................................................................................................

10 From the underlined words in the passage, find one word which means
the same or nearly the same as the following words or phrases (spell
each word correctly).

(i) invariably ...........................................

(ii) comprehensive ..................................

(iii) clearly ...............................................

(iv) differentiated ....................................

51 © Mr 6points
 COMPREHENSION ANSWERS

FIRST PASSAGE SECOND PASSAGE

1. D 1. A

2. A 2. D

3. A 3. C

4. D 4. D

5. A 5. B

6. A 6. D

7. C 7. D

8. C 8. C

9. C 9. B

10. (i) Ideagraphic 10. A Repulsive

(ii) Phonetic language B Delicate

C Bleaching

D Detest

52 © Mr 6points
 COMPREHENSION ANSWERS
THIRD PASSAGE
1. C

2. A

3. C

4. C

5. A

6. C

7. C

8. B

9. D

10. (a) Hankering

(b) Gluttony

(c) Congenital

(d) Obesity

53 © Mr 6points
 COMPREHENSION ANSWERS
FOURTH PASSAGE
1. B

2. D

3. A

4. D

5. C

6. C

7. D

8. C

9. I got an award in the category of the best performing student in’

Special Education

10. (i) consistently

(ii) thorough

(iii) vividly

(vi) distinguished

54 © Mr 6points
 SUMMARY WRITING
FIRST PASSAGE
1 Obesity means excessive fatness. It has reached epidemic proportions
in children in developed countries. The World Health Organization says
that an estimated 122 million children under the age of five are
overweight worldwide.

2 Childhood obesity is also extending to developing countries. It is

advisable to serve children with more fruits and vegetables than
convenience foods. There is also need to limit soft drinks, sweetened
beverages and high fat sugary snacks. It is imperative for parents to offer
their children mainly water or low-fat milk. High rates of obesity among
children are leading to rising rates of high blood pressure; unless this
upward trend in high blood pressure is reversed, we will be facing an
explosion of new cardiovascular disease cases in young adults.

3 The global epidemic of childhood obesity can be attributed to genetics.

While genetics can be a predisposing factor, the alarming increase in
obesity in recent decades appears to indicate that genes are not the
only cause.

4 A prudent or shrewd mother ought to employ methods of cooking

that do not involve a lot of oils or fats. In this case, baking, boiling
and steaming can be the most welcome as opposed to frying.
Children should therefore be served with baked, boiled or steamed
foods. They should also be given smaller food portions

5 Fast food restaurants have sprung up all over the world. One study
reported that nearly a third of all children in the United States aged 4 to
19 eat fast foods every day. Giving food to children as a reward or a 'bribe'
ought to be avoided.

55 © Mr 6points
 Furthermore, children need not be allowed to skip breakfast, as skipping
it leads to overeating later and consequently obesity.

6 It is said that in Mexico City alone, 70 percent of the children and

adolescents are either overweight or obese. Pediatric surgeon, Dr.
Francisco Gonzalez, warns that this may be the first generation to die
before their parents owing to the complications of obesity. It can be folly
for parents to permit their children to eat while watching television or be
in front of a computer screen. Eating in front of a television or a
computer screen promotes consumption and lessens awareness of
feeling full. In another dimension, it may be helpful to limit time spent
on watching television, using the computer and playing video games.

7 The increasingly sedentary nature of children in the United Kingdom is

not unique. It is also being seen in most countries in the world. This state
of affairs is not healthy. It is necessary for caring mothers or fathers to
assign active chores to their children as a way of dealing with childhood
obesity.

8 According to the International Obesity Task Force, more children are

affected by obesity than by malnutrition in some parts of Africa. It is
extremely important to encourage physical activity in the form of riding
bikes, playing ball games and jumping rope. There ought to be active
family outings through visiting the zoo, swimming or playing in the park.
These activities are worthwhile if obesity is to be systematically
controlled.

9 Failure to deal with obesity among children can have far—reaching

consequences. It can bring about fatalities, thereby depriving the
country of the much needed future human resource.

56 © Mr 6points
According to the passage, what should parent do to curb obesity in
their children? Present a well-connected summary of not more than
130 words. The summary has been started for you.

In order to curb childhood obesity, parents should ......................................

.......................................................................................................................

SECOND PASSAGE
1 The existing knowledge of the African Rift Valleys shows that the study
of this structure is of more than purely academic interest. Associated
with the rift valley system are a number of bodies of igneous rock
derived from great depths which contain valuable metals such as
columbium and the rare earths, which are of increasing importance in
modern technology.

2 As a result of the internal drainage of the Rift Valleys and of their volcanic
activity, there are great saline accumulations such as sodium carbonate
and sodium chloride (salt) deposits of Lakes Magadi and Natron, on the
borders of Tanzania and Kenya and the potash deposits of the Afar
depression in Ethiopia. These deposits are among the largest in the world
of these substances.

3 As a result of the very recent volcanic activity in part of the rift system,
there are areas in which groundwater is heated. These geothermal areas
contain heat springs, geysers, steam jets, and it is possible that
geothermal steam or gas can be tapped in some of these areas as a
means of generating electricity. Some preliminary investigations of this
possibility have already been carried out in Uganda and Kenya, and these
potential energy sources are of great interest because the cost of
electricity generated from geothermal steam is normally less than that
from conventional fuels.

57 © Mr 6points
4 Although there have been few destructive earthquakes in the rift zone,
it is recognised that there is a potential hazard from earth tremors.
Studies of the nature and distribution of the earthquake activity are
indicated to determine the areas likely to be affected. It is also desirable
to establish codes of building construction that will minimise damage in
the event of destructive earthquakes taking place.

5 It is very encouraging that scientists in some African countries can

participate in the International Upper Mental Project, and that they are
contributing to the solution of one of the major problems of the nature
and development of the earth's crust.

According to the passage, what are the practical applications of the

study of rift valleys in Africa? Present a well-connected summary of
not more than 140 words.

The summary has been started for you.

The major practical applications of the study of the rift valleys in

Africa could be cited as ..............................................................................
....................................................................................................................

58 © Mr 6points
 THIRD PASSAGE
Migrant Women

1 Around the world, cities are welcoming migrants and displaced

populations, with women arriving in unprecedented numbers. Not only
do they make up nearly half of all international migrants but they are also
more likely than men to migrate internally, most often settling in urban
areas.

2 Women migrate to other areas in order to enrich and improve their lives.
However, as they migrate, they are subjected to violence. In some cases,
they fall into the hands of human traffickers who offer false promises of
employment and assistance.

3 Cities can offer empowering opportunities for the millions of women who
have adopted them as their new homes. By earning their own income,
migrant women can discover newfound economic and social
independence. In this regard, they may find themselves in a more formal
situations such as in manufacturing but still afflicted largely by sexual
harassment and discrimination based on gender and ethnicity. Migrating
to cities can have positive impacts on the reproductive and sexual health
of women but female migrant workers are vastly over represented in low
- paying, labor intensive factories where they are exposed to violations
of rights. They end up in squalid slums devoid of amenities.
This predicament forces them into detestable activities such as
prostitution and drug trafficking.

4 Many women come to cities to escape traditional customs and practices

but sometimes the situation in urban areas is not rosy. Precariousness,
withholding of earnings and sexual abuse are common threats for
migrant women particularly in the informal economy. In many high -
income countries, skilled migrant women settle in cities in order to
continue their careers.
59 © Mr 6points
 Sadly, the non-recognition of their qualifications, rigorous certification
programmes, employment limitations on their residence permits and
discrimination confine these women to low-skilled occupations,
resulting in loss of their professional skills.

5 To help migrant women realise their full potential, numerous cities are
implementing innovative measures to address the challenges that these
women face. Workshops are being conducted to help them to become
autonomous and self-confident, enabling them to participate more in city
life. In certain instances, women display a negative attitude towards this
intervention. Non-governmental Organisations (NGOs) have mushroomed
and are consistently offering mentoring programmes.

6 Migrant women often find it difficult to take control of their lives in a new
and challenging environment. Little wonder that faith-based organisations
have been conspicuous. They are capacitating these women to determine
when to migrate and what course of action to take upon arrival. Women
should be able to be agents of their own destiny. This explains why, in
numerous cities, migrant women are being provided with courses in
catering and general agriculture.

In not more than 145 words, explain how Women are disadvantaged and
mention the measures that are being taken to address their plight. The
Summary has been started for you.

Migrant women are disadvantaged in various ways. They .............................

........................................................................................................................

60 © Mr 6points
 FOURTH PASSAGE

1 A flood is a large amount of water that covers an area that was dry
before. Floods cause displacement of people, destruction of
infrastructure such as roads, bridges and houses. Crops and livestock
are washed away. Affected families lose most of their household goods
especially electronic appliances. Given the magnitude of the destruction
caused by floods, more collaborative efforts by global and local partners
are necessary to ease immediate challenges through relief food
distribution and social cash transfer. Global partners include
multi-national corporations. The private sector and faith-based
organisations dotted around the country are examples of local partners.

2 The destruction of infrastructure, crops and livestock is an economic cost

to the country while the displacement of people has caused a
humanitarian crisis. People afflicted with floods require emergency aid
in form of tents for shelter, blankets and medicines. It is also necessary
to prevent an outbreak of waterborne diseases such as dysentery and
typhoid. In this regard, water treatment chemicals should be part of the
relief. Chlorine is an example of a treatment chemical that ought to be
used.

3 The Disaster Management and Mitigation Unit has been on the ground.
They need more financial support to be able to continue responding
quicky to distress calls. Beyond the humanitarian aid, early warning
systems that enable people in flood-prone areas to vacate need to be
put in place. These, though, require reliable weather forecasting
technology that makes timely and accurate predictions of flooding. In
addition, it is prudent to build houses that can withstand flooding so that
relocated families can return without needing to start rebuilding.
According to the Zambia Meteorological Department, torrential rain
causes floods in the rainy season in various parts of the country.
61 © Mr 6points
4 Floods may be an opportunity for employment through mechanisms like
rainwater harvesting. Rather than complain about water scarcity during
the drier months, this is the perfect opportunity to conserve excess
water for future use. Garbage disposal in undesignated places blocks
drainages. In the event of drainages getting clogged by silting for
example, they should be unblocked forthwith to allow free movement
of water. When movement of water is hindered, floods inevitably result.
There is definitely need to consider constructing climate-resilient roads
like the one from Choma to Namwala.

5 There are people still living in places which are flooded every rainy
season. Measures should be taken to permanently relocate those
communities to safer places. There is no longer any justification for
people to continue living in what they may term ancestral places where
their forefathers were born. Climate change is real and people should
come to terms with realities by doing what is right for themselves.

In not more than 136 words, explain what should be done to help out
flood victims and deal with floods. The summary has been started for
you.

In order to help out flood victims and deal with floods, there is need .....
...................................................................................................................

62 © Mr 6points
 SUMMARY ANSWERS
FIRST PASSAGE
In order to curb childhood obesity, parents should ..... serve their
children with more fruits and vegetables and limit soft drinks, sweetened
beverages and high-fat sugary snacks but give them mainly water or low
fat milk and baked, boiled or steamed foods. Children should be given
smaller food portions and not be given food as a reward or ‘bribe’.
They should not be allowed to skip breakfast or be permitted to eat
while watching television or using the computer. Parents should limit
the time children spend watching television or using the computer and
playing video games. Parents should assign active chores to their
children and encourage physical activity in form of riding bikes, playing
ball games and jumping rope. Parents should promote active family
outings through visiting the zoo, swimming or playing in the park.

SECOND PASSAGE
The major practical applications of the study of the rift valleys in Africa
could be cited as ... rift valley systems are having a number of bodies of
igneous rock. These rocks contain valuable metals which are
increasingly important in modern technology. The internal drainage of
the rift valleys and of their volcanic activity causes great saline
accumulations. These are found in Lakes Magadi and Natron on the
borders of Tanzania and Kenya an potash deposits at Afar depression
in Ethiopia. There are areas where ground water is heated. These
geothermal areas contain many hot springs, geysers, steam jets and
gas jets. It is possible to tap geothermal steam or gas to generate
electricity. The cost of geothermal generation of electricity is less than
of conventional fuels. Tt is also possible to predict where earthquakes
would occur and to establish codes of building construction that
would minimise damage when there is an-earthquake.

63 © Mr 6points
THIRD PASSAGE
Migrant women are disadvantaged in various ways. They are subjected to
violence and human traffickers who offer false promises of employment and
assistance. They face sexual harassment , sexual abuse and discrimination
based on gender and ethnicity. They are vastly over-represented in low-
paying, labour intensive factories where their rights are violated. They end up
in squalid slums without amenities forcing them into detestable activities.
Precariousness and withholding of earnings are common threats. The non-
recognition of their qualifications, rigorous certification programmes and
employment limitations on their residence permits, confine them to low-
skilled occupations, resulting in loss of professional skills. To address their
plight, workshops are being conducted by numerous cities to help them to
become autonomous and self confident, enabling them to participate more in
city life. Non - governmental organisations are consistently offering mentoring
programmes. Faith-based organisations are capacitating them to determine
when to migrate and what course of action to take upon arrival. They are
being offered catering and general agriculture courses.

FOURTH PASSAGE
In order to help out flood victims and deal with the floods, there is need for
more collaborative efforts by global and local partners to ease immediate
challenges through relief food distribution and social cash transfer. Emergency
aid in form of tents for shelter,blankets and medicine is essential, Prevention
of an outbreak of waterborne diseases using water treatment chemicals is
necessary. The Disaster Management and Mitigation Unit should be given
more financial support to continue responding quickly to distress calls.
Early warning systems that enable people in flood-prone areas to vacate
should be instituted, Building houses that can withstand flooding is prudent
so that relocated families can return without needing to start rebuilding.
When drainages get logged, they should be unblocked forthwith to allow
free movement of water. Climate-resilient roads should be constructed.
Communities living in places which are flooded every rainy season should
permanently be relocated to safer places.
64 © Mr 6points
 COMPOSTION WRITING
Composition writing is the process of writing down your ideas and thoughts
to convey a message.

A good composition displays the following:

- Exceptional knowledge and understanding of the context of a given

question.

- Excellent narration of a simple story, presentation of a letter or simple

report.

- Captivating introduction, main body and conclusion.

- Logical arrangement of ideas.

- Correct tense use.

- Wide vocabulary and use of expressions e.g idoms, proverbs and phrasal
verbs.

- Excelllent use of direct and reported speech.

- Usage of a variety of sentence structures.

- Correct spellings and punctuation.

- Exceptional construction and organisation of paragraphs.

- Use of adjectives and adverbs.

- Clear handwriting.

65 © Mr 6points
 TYPES OF COMPOSITIONS
NARRATIVE COMPOSITION
- A narrative composition is one which tells a story.

TIPS FOR WRITING A GOOD NARRATION

- Make a simple plan on how you will write the story.

- Write a title.

- The composition must have an interesting introduction, main body

and conclusion.

- Ensure the events in the story are arranged in chronological order.

- The composition should have paragraphs. Don’t write one long

paragraph.

- Write correct and complete sentences.

- Use a variety of English structures.

- Do not underwite or overwrite. (200 - 250 words)

- Keep it simple and only use words you understand.

- Have a clear handwriting.

* The easiest way to improve your writing is through a lot of practice.

66 © Mr 6points
DESCRIPTIVE COMPOSITION
- This is a composition which skillfully describes somebody or something.
It gives a picture of what somebody or something looks like or feels like.

- To describe is to paint a picture of someone or something with words so

that one can easily visualize them in one’s mind or identify them when
one comes across them.

- A descriptive composition gives an idea of what a person; place or thing

is like or used to be like.

- Use adjectives and adverbs, this will convey a vivid impression, both of
what you are writing about and your own feelings.

DESCRIPTION OF A PERSON

Paragraph 1: Introduction – Name, sex, age and nationally.

Paragraph 2: Physical features, any peculiarity (bald, hairy) or deformity

(scar, hump, lame, crippled) or mental retardation.

Paragraph 3: Academic qualifications and professional experience.

Paragraph 4: General conduct.

Paragraph 5: Conclusion – express how the person can easily be identified.

DESCRIPTION OF A PLACE

Paragraph 1: Introduction – name of place, geographical location,

background, activities of the place.

67 © Mr 6points
Paragraph 2: Foreground – fence if any.

Paragraph 3: Middle ground - building in any direction upon entering the

gate.

Paragraph 4: Back ground- the interior of the main building.

Paragraph 5: Conclusion – mention unforgettable aspects of the place and

express your own view on whether or not you would mind
revisiting.

DESCRIPTION OF AN OBJECT

Paragraph 1: Introduction – name, age, place, of origin, size, shape weight,

colour, and aesthetic of object.

Paragraph 2: Mode of operation.

Paragraph 3: Function of object.

Paragraph 4: Any cautions when using the object.

Paragraph 5: Conclusion- express personal wish or view on the object.

DESCRIPTION OF AN ANIMAL

Paragraph 1: Introduction- name, color, age, species, natural, habit, weight.

Paragraph 2: Tamed or wild, diet, emotions in various situations

Paragraph 3: Usefulness in nature, gestation period, reproduction, growth

to adulthood.

68 © Mr 6points
Paragraph 4: Natural friend or foe, behavior, longevity (long life).

Paragraph 5: Conclusion – express personal view on the animal.

DESCRIBING AN EVENT

- When describing an event, you are usually told to write a story about what
took place in the order in which it happened i.e. chronological order. In
doing this, you are likely to write brief description of people and places.

- It has the writers point of view- a clear theme i.e. it has a basis. The writer
should make the readers see the event he/ she sees it. The theme can also
be expressed by the choice of words(vocabulary).

- It makes use of the senses, i.e. it does more than tell a story. The senses
are used to describe what was seen, heard, felt or touched, smelt and
tested.

- It is set in a place which the writer knows very well and about people and
things that are familiar to him or her.

ARGUMENTATIVE COMPOSITION
- As the title implies, this is a composition that is centred on an argument.
As opposed to the Narrative and Descriptive Compositions which are about
people, objects, actions, events and so on, an argumentative composition
is about ideas.

- It involves the presentation of a problem around which an argument is

logically developed.

69 © Mr 6points
- The author tries to persuade the reader to his/her line of thought
or opinion. Hence, it is also called a PERSUASIVE COMPOSITION. It
mostly deals with controversial matters.

- The writer puts up facts, reasons and examples to what he/she writes
and relates incidents that render support to the argument he is putting
up so that one could follow his line of thought and agree with what he
suggests.

DISCURSIVE COMPOSITION

- Discursive composition deals with two or more ideas at once. These ideas
maybe discussed as the title implies or they may be supported or indeed
merely explained.

- The author of a discursive composition may not give his/her opinion, if for
instance he/she is simply explaining the different ideas on a topic like AIDS.

- It informs and helps the reader understand a particular topic by answering

the questions who? what? where? and how?

- Examples, definitions comparisons and explanations are logically presented

for the reader to have a clear picture of what the writer intends to put
across.

70 © Mr 6points
REPORT WRITING
- A report is a written or spoken account of something witnessed, heard,
seen, done, studied or work carried out or of an investigation.

- It may be an informal report about an accident or a lost item or a formal

report about the activities of an institution such as a school or a club or an
annual report of a business firm.

- The basic function of a report is to inform people about events that have
taken place. A report gives a detailed account or description of a speech,
events, experiences or happenings that occur in our daily lives.

FORMAT OF A REPORT

(i) Heading / title - must be brief and say what the report is all about.

(ii) Introduction - the opening sentences of a report sums up the major

facts of the event indicating what the report is all about by answering
questions - What happened? When…. ? Where …? Who..?

(iii) Main body - you must give details of the report in paragraphs (each
paragraph to deal with one main idea), the information must be precise
clear and relevant.

(iv) Conclusion - Give the final details of the report. Make it brief.

71 © Mr 6points
SPEECH WRITING
- A Speech is a prepared piece of writing or information on a given topic. A
Speech is anything spoken for an audience to listen. It is basically a formal
address to a group of listeners.

- Speeches are made for live audience. Decide on whether the speech is
intended for adults, children, diplomats or journalists, businessmen and
women or sophisticated class of people e.g. Lawyers, Doctors, Politicians
etc.

FORMAT A OF SPEECH

A Speech can be written in the following format:

1. Title
The title should have the following items:
(a) The giver of the speech.
(b) The occasion when the speech is delivered.
(c) The venue.
(d) The date.
2. Salutation
Here you greet the people present in order of importance.
3. Appreciation
This comes after the salutation and can be written in the same paragraph as
salutations. Here you thank the Chairperson or organiser for the opportunity
to address the gathering.
4. Main body
This is where the details are developed. Do not beat about the bush. Go
straight into discussing the points you have gathered.
5. Conclusion.
End with a statement that restates the purpose and follow the order of
salutations. Thank the audience for paying attention.
72 © Mr 6points
PROFILE WRITING
- A profile is an account of someone’s life history. There are two types of
profiles. These are:

(i) A Biography
This is a record of someone’s life written by another person. It is a record of
what one has done, experienced, achieved or failed to achieve. Only
important events (situations) are mentioned. It presents one’s life as one
lived it.

(ii) An Autobiography
In this type of writing, the author gives an account of his or her own life (an
account about oneself).

A profile must comprise the following:

(i) Title
- the name of the person being described.

(ii) Introduction (Early life)

- date and place of birth
- gender, religion (if any),occupation
- family background (i.e. parents, number of brothers and sisters)
- early childhood

(iii) Main Body

- Educational background
- Career
- Character (personality)

(iv) Conclusion
- future prospects and lessons that can be learnt from the person’s
fruitful life.

73 © Mr 6points
LETTER WRITING

- Formal (or Business) Letters.

These are written to people in their official capacities. They also include
replies from such officials to the people who have written to them. Very
often, we do not know these people well or we do not know them at all.

- These letters are very ‘business like’. We only write what is really
necessary.

LAYOUT OF A FORMAL LETTER

Layout of a Formal Letter

1. The senders address, which is written in the top right corner of a page.

2. Date
St. Mary’s Secondary School,
P.O. Box 20312,
Lusaka.

17th April, 2022.

3. Title and address of the person you are writing to.

4. Salutation
If you know the surname of the person you are writing to, you may use
dear followed by the name/ e.g. Dear Mr. Banda. If you do not know the
person’s name you should use dear Sir, or Dear Madam. If you are not
sure whether the person is a man or woman you may write Dear Sir or
Madam.

74 © Mr 6points
5. Heading
This is usually written in capital letters. This sums up the content of a letter.
It must be written below the salutation and should be brief and precisely
stated.

6. Opening paragraph
This states what the letter is about. Note that it does not include greetings
or an enquiry about the health of the official to whom you are writing.

7. Main body
- Use of courteous and professional tone.
- Use formal Standard English. Avoid contractions, abbreviations and
slang.
- Indicate the purpose for writing the letter.
- If a letter requires a response, give the necessary information to get the
appropriate response.

8. Ending
- This is usually yours faithfully or yours sincerely.

9. Your full names and position (if any). Your name must be written in
capital letters.

HOW TO IMPROVE YOUR WRITING

- Composition writing is an important part of your English exam. The easiest

way to write better compositions is through a lot of practice. Whenever
you write a composition, give it to a friend or your teacher in order for
them to give you some feedback and correct you.

- Ensure that you also have a clear and legible handwriting. Many pupils
get lower marks due to their poor handwritings. All the best!!

75 © Mr 6points
ALL THE BEST!!

Mr 6points

76 © Mr 6points