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Class VII - Computer - Lesson 10 - Robotics

The document is a lesson plan for Class VII on the topic of Robotics, covering its definition, history, types, components, and applications. It introduces key concepts such as the laws of robotics, different types of robots (industrial, mobile, educational, and domestic), and the functions of robot components like sensors, actuators, and end effectors. Additionally, it includes exercises to reinforce understanding of the material presented.

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mrsingh2136
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23 views

Class VII - Computer - Lesson 10 - Robotics

The document is a lesson plan for Class VII on the topic of Robotics, covering its definition, history, types, components, and applications. It introduces key concepts such as the laws of robotics, different types of robots (industrial, mobile, educational, and domestic), and the functions of robot components like sensors, actuators, and end effectors. Additionally, it includes exercises to reinforce understanding of the material presented.

Uploaded by

mrsingh2136
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Class VII (Session 2023-24)

Sub-Computer
Lesson Plan -10

Topic-: Introduction to Robotics:

Link 1-: What is Robotics?

Link 2-: Types of Robots

Link 3-: Introduction to Robotics (Robotics Basics)

Link 4-: Components of a Robot


History

The term “robot” was first used in 1920 in a play called “Russum’s universal
robots” by the Czech writer Karpel Capek.

The word “Robot” comes from the word “Robota” meaning forced labour.

Robotics Terminology

Robot: Mechanical device that performs human tasks, either automatically or


by remote control

Robotics: Study and application of robot technology

Telerobotics: Robots that is operated remotely

Definition

A machine that looks and acts like a human being, it can do the work of a
person automatically or under the control of a computer.
Laws of Robotics

Asimov proposed three “Laws of Robotics”

Law 1: A robot may not injure a human being or through inaction, allow a
human being to come to harm.

Law 2: A robot must obey orders given to it by human beings, except where
such orders would conflict with the first law.

Law 3: A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does
not conflict with the first law.

Types Of Robots

1. Industrial Robots:

Material handling

Welding

Inspection

Improving productivity

Laboratory applications

2. Mobile Robots

Robots that move around on legs, tracks or wheels.


3. Educational Robots

Robotics kits are used extensively in education.

Eg-Robolab, Lego and RoboCup Soccer

4. Domestic Robots

There are 2 types of domestic robots-those designed to perform household


tasks and modern toys which are programmed to do things like talking,
walking and dancing etc.
Robot Components

Manipulator: Main body of robot (Links, Joints, other structural element of


the robot)

End Effector: The part that is connected to the last joint hand of a
manipulator.

Actuators: Muscles of the manipulators (servomotor, stepper motor,


pneumatic and hydraulic cylinder)

Sensors: To collect information about the internal state of the robot or to


communicate with the outside environment.

Controller: Similar to cerebellum. It controls and coordinates the motion of


the actuators.

Processor: The brain of the robot. It calculates the motions and the velocity
of the robot’s joints, etc.

Software: Operating system, robotic software and the collection of routines

Sensors

Sensors provide awareness of the environment by sensing things. Sensors are


the core of robots. It is the system that alerts the robots.
Sensing can be in different forms like –

• Light
• Sound
• Heat
• Chemicals
• Force
• Object Proximity
• Physical Position
• Magnetic & Electric Fields
• Resistance

End Effectors

In robotics, an end effector is the device at the end of a robotic arm, designed
to interact with the environment.

End effectors may consist of a gripper or a tool. The gripper can be of two
fingers, three fingers or even five fingers.
Actuators

Locomotion-

1 Legs

2 Wheels

3 Other Exotic means

Manipulations-

1 Degree of freedom- independently controllable components of motion

Each plane in which a robot can maneuver

Rotate base of arm

Pivot base of arm

Bend Elbow
Wrist up and down

Wrist left and right

Rotate wrist

2 Arms

Convenient method to allow full movement in 3D

More often used in fixed robots due to power and weight

3 Grippers

may be very simple (2 rigid arms) to pick up objects

may be complex device with fingers on end of an arm


Purpose of Robots

1. Dirty Tasks
2. Repetitive Tasks
3. Dangerous Tasks
4. Impossible Tasks
5. Robots assisting the handicapped
6. Can operate equipments at much higher precision than numbers
7. Cheaper on a long-term basis

Robotics Application

1. Space Missions
2. Robots in the Antarctic
3. Exploring Volcanoes
4. Underwater Exploration
5. Surgical assistant
6. Security (Bomb disposal etc.)
7. Home help (grass cutting, nursing etc.)
Exercise-:

1. Define Robot.
2. Mention three laws of Robotics.
3. Mention different types of robots.
4. What is an end-effector?
5. What is the work of a sensor?
6. What are Actuators?
7. Mention different purpose of Robots.
8. Mention different Robotics Application.

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