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Artificial Intelligence (AI) simulates human intelligence in machines, enabling them to perform tasks like speech recognition and decision-making. AI is categorized into Narrow AI, which is task-specific, and General AI, which remains theoretical. Key technologies driving AI include Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, Computer Vision, and Robotics, which are transforming various industries.

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22 views3 pages

Presentation 4

Artificial Intelligence (AI) simulates human intelligence in machines, enabling them to perform tasks like speech recognition and decision-making. AI is categorized into Narrow AI, which is task-specific, and General AI, which remains theoretical. Key technologies driving AI include Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, Computer Vision, and Robotics, which are transforming various industries.

Uploaded by

purvavathare31
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are
programmed to think, reason, and learn. These intelligent systems are designed to perform tasks that
typically require human intelligence, such as recognizing speech, understanding natural language,
making decisions, and problem-solving.

AI can be classified into two categories:

• Narrow AI (Weak AI): AI systems designed and trained to perform a specific task (e.g., Siri,
facial recognition).

• General AI (Strong AI): AI systems with the ability to perform any intellectual task that a
human can do. General AI remains a theoretical concept and has not yet been fully realized.

The rapid advancements in AI are transforming industries, enhancing human capabilities, and
creating new opportunities in fields like healthcare, finance, education, and entertainment.

Types of Artificial Intelligence

AI is categorized into different types based on its capabilities and functions:

1. Reactive Machines

Reactive machines are AI systems that can respond to specific stimuli with predetermined actions but
cannot store memories or use past experiences to influence their behavior. They operate based on
programmed rules and have limited functionalities.

Examples:

• IBM's Deep Blue: A chess-playing computer that defeated world champion Garry Kasparov in
1997. It can evaluate many possible moves in a game but has no memory of past games.

2. Limited Memory

Limited memory AI systems have the ability to learn from historical data and use that knowledge to
make decisions. They store and apply past experiences to solve problems, which makes them more
advanced than reactive machines.

Examples:

• Self-driving Cars: Autonomous vehicles use limited memory AI to process and learn from
real-time data (e.g., traffic patterns, road signs) and improve their decision-making over
time.

3. Theory of Mind

Theory of mind AI is still in the research and development phase. This type of AI is based on
understanding human emotions, beliefs, intentions, and thoughts. The goal is for AI systems to
understand how human beings feel and how to respond empathetically.

Examples:

• AI systems that could potentially assist in mental health, recognizing emotional cues from
patients and responding accordingly.
4. Self-Aware AI

Self-aware AI refers to an advanced form of AI that has its own consciousness and the ability to think
independently. This type of AI would be capable of understanding its own existence and emotions.
As of today, self-aware AI remains a theoretical concept and is not yet developed.

Key Technologies Driving AI

AI is powered by several core technologies that enable it to mimic human intelligence. These include:

1. Machine Learning (ML)

Machine Learning, a subset of AI, allows machines to learn from data without being explicitly
programmed. ML algorithms use statistical methods to identify patterns in data and improve their
performance over time. The more data these systems are exposed to, the more accurate and
efficient they become.

Examples:

• Recommendation Systems: Netflix, YouTube, and Amazon use machine learning algorithms
to recommend content or products based on user preferences and behavior.

2. Natural Language Processing (NLP)

NLP is a branch of AI that focuses on enabling computers to understand, interpret, and generate
human language. NLP is used in voice assistants like Amazon Alexa and Google Assistant, chatbots,
and language translation tools.

Examples:

• Google Translate: Uses NLP algorithms to translate text and speech between languages.

• Chatbots: AI-powered virtual assistants that interact with customers and provide information
or assistance.

3. Computer Vision

Computer vision enables machines to interpret and understand the visual world. By processing
images and video data, computer vision systems can recognize objects, faces, and patterns.

Examples:

• Facial Recognition: Used in security systems and social media platforms to identify
individuals.

• Medical Imaging: AI is used to analyze X-rays and MRI scans, assisting doctors in diagnosing
diseases.

4. Robotics

Robotics involves the design and creation of robots that can perform tasks autonomously or semi-
autonomously. Many modern robots are powered by AI to enhance their decision-making
capabilities and improve their performance.

Examples:
• Industrial Robots: Used in manufacturing to assemble products efficiently.

• Autonomous Drones: AI-powered drones are used for various purposes, such as
surveillance, delivery, and surveying.

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