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Fixed Point Theorems of Fuzzy Function in Complete Metric Spaces

Research · December 2017

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.34823.09124

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Rajendran Krishnakumar Dinesh .K

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 ISSN(Online) : 2319-8753
ISSN (Print) : 2347-6710

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,

Engineering and Technology
(An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization)

Website: www.ijirset.com
Vol. 6, Issue 7, July 2017

Fixed Point Theorems of Fuzzy Function in

Complete Metric Spaces
Dr. R. Krishnakumar1, K. Dinesh2
Professor and Head, PG and Research Department of Mathematics, Urumu Dhanalakshmi College, Kattur,
Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India.1
Ph.D. Student, PG and Research Department of Mathematics, Urumu Dhanalakshmi College, Kattur,
Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India.2

ABSTRACT: In this paper we have proved some fixed point theorems of fuzzy function in complete metric spaces.
The presented results generalize the results proved in various spaces and extend of Bose and Mukherjee’s theorems of
common fixed points of a pair of multivalued mappings and a sequence of single valued mappings.

In this paper we establish some fixed point theorems of fuzzy mapping in complete metric spaces.

KEYWORDS:Fuzzy mappings, fixed point, membership function, metric linear space

I. INTRODUCTION

Heilpern [8] introduced the concept of fuzzy mappings and proved fixed point theorem for fuzzy contraction
mappings. Since then, many authors have generalized Bose and Sahanis results in different directions. Also Bose and
Mukherjee (see [2], [3]) considered common fixed points of a pair of multivalued mappings and a sequence of single
valued mappings. We present some theorems which are generalized to ordered metric space setting and generalizations
of the main theorem of several authors

II. PRELIMINARIES

Definition 2.1.
Let (X, d) be a metric linear space and F(X), the collection of all fuzzy sets in X. Let A F(X) and α ∈ [0, 1].
The α-level set of A, denoted by , and = { ∶ ( ) ≥ } if (0,1], ={ ∶ ( ) > 0} where ̅ stands for the
(non fuzzy) closure of A.

Definition 2.2.
A fuzzy subset A of X is an approximate quantity iff its A(x) = 1. From the collection F(X), a sub collection
of approximate quantities is denoted as W(X).

The distance between two approximate quantities is defined by the following scheme.
Let A, B ∈ W(X), and [0,1];
(A,B) = ,, ∈ ,
d(x, y); and is a non-decreasing function of .
(A,B) = dist( , );
H(A,B) = (A,B);Where in the dist is in the sense of Hausdorff distance.

Copyright to IJIRSET DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2017.0607252 13557

 ISSN(Online) : 2319-8753
ISSN (Print) : 2347-6710

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,

Engineering and Technology
(An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization)

Website: www.ijirset.com
Vol. 6, Issue 7, July 2017

The function is called a −distance (induced by d),

is called a a-distance (induced by dist), and H a distance between A and B.

Let A, B ∈W(X). An approximate quantity A is more accurate than B, denoted by A ⊂ B iffA(x) ≤ B(x), for
each x ∈ X. It is clear that ⊂ is a partial order relation determined on the family W(X).
Let Y be an arbitrary set and X any metric linear space. F is called fuzzy mapping iff F is a mapping from the
set Y into W(X), that is F(y) ∈ W(X) for each y ∈ Y and the function value F(y, x) stands for the grade of membership
of x in F(y).

Let A∈ F(Y), B ∈ F(X). Then the fuzzy set F(A) in F(X) is defined by
F(A)(x) = (F(y, x) ^ A(y) ), x ∈ X and the fuzzy set (B) in F(Y) is defined by
(B)(y) = (F(y,x) ^ B(x)), y Y

Lemma 2.1. [8]. Let x ∈ X , A ∈ W(x) and { } a fuzzy set with membership function equal to a characteristic function
of { }. If { }⊂ A, then (x,A) = 0 for each ∈ [0, 1].

Lemma 2.2. [8]: (x,A) ≤ ( , )+ (y,A) for each x, y ∈ X.

Lemma2.3.[8]:If { } ⊂ A, then ( ,B) ≤ (A,B) for each B ∈ W(x).

III. MAIN RESULTS

Theorem 3.1.Let X be a complete metric linear space and T be fuzzy mapping from X to W(x) satisfying
H(T(x),T(y))+k[ (x,T(x))+ (y,T(y))] ≤ a (x,T(y))+b (y, T(x)) +2cd(x, y).for all x, y ∈ C; where
a, b, c, k ≥ 0 and 2b + 2c < 1 + 2k,a + b + c < 1 and 1 + k > b. Then there exists a point z ∈ X such that { }⊂ T(z).
Proof.
Take ∈ X. Let { }⊂T( ), choose such that { } ⊂ T( ), and
d( , )≤ (T( ), ( )).
Continuing this process we construct a sequence{ } such that { } ⊂ T( ) and
d( , )≤ (T( ), ( )) n = 0, 1, 2….
d( , )≤ (T( ), ( ))

≤ H(T( ), ( ))

≤ , T( ) +b , T( ) + 2cd( , ) − k[ ( , T( )) + ( , ( )]

≤ ( , )+ b ( , )+ 2 ( , ) − k[ ( , )+ ( , )]

≤ b ( , )+b ( , )+ ( , )− [ ( , )+ ( , )]

≤ ( , )for each n = 0,1,2…..

Where = <1

Copyright to IJIRSET DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2017.0607252 13558

 ISSN(Online) : 2319-8753
ISSN (Print) : 2347-6710

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,

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(An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization)

Website: www.ijirset.com
Vol. 6, Issue 7, July 2017

Hence { } is a Cauchy sequence in X. It hasa limit in X. Call it z. In the view of Lemmas (2.2) - (2.3)
(z, T(z))≤ d( , ) + (T( ), ( ))
≤ d( , )+a , T( ) +b , T( ) + 2cd( , ) − k[ ( , T( )) + ( , ( ))]
≤ ( , )+a ( , )+ b ( , )+b , T( ) + 2cd( , )− [ ( , ( )) + ( , )]
Making n → ∞ we get (z, T(z)) ≤ J (z, T(z)) , WhereJ = b − k and J< 1, which gives (z, T (z)) = 0.
Hence z ⊂T(z).

Theorem 3.2.Let X be a complete metric linear space and T be fuzzy mapping from X to W(x) satisfying

H (T(x), T(y)) ≤ a [ ( ,T( )) + (y, T(x)) ] + 2b d(x, y)for all x, y ϵ X; where a, b ≥ 0 and 2a +2 b < 1 and a < 1.
Then there exists a point z X such that { }⊂ T(z).
Proof.
Take X. Let { }⊂T( ), choose such that { }⊂ T( ), and
d( , )≤ (T( ), ( ))
Continuing this process we can construct a sequence{ } such that
{ }⊂ T( ),{ }⊂ T( ), and
d(( , ) ≤ (T( ), ( )) n = 0, 1, 2….

d( , ) ≤ (T( ), ( ))
≤ H(T( ), ( ))
≤a[ , T( ) + , T( ) ] + 2b d( , )
≤ [ ( , )+ ( , )] + 2b ( , )
≤ a ( , )+a ( , ) + 2b ( , )
≤ ( , )for each n = 0, 1,2…..

Where = < 1.

Hence { } is a Cauchy sequence in X.

It has a limit in X. Call it z. In the view of Lemmas (2.2) - (2.3) we get
(z, T(z)) ≤ d( , ) + (T( ), ( ))
≤d( , )+a [ , T( ) + , T( ) ] + 2b d( , )
≤ ( , )+a ( , )+ ( , )+ , T( ) + 2b ( , )
Making n → ∞ we get (z, T(z)) ≤ a (z, T(z)). Which gives (z, T(z)) = 0.
Hence z ⊂ T(z)
Theorem 3.3.Let X be a complete metric linear space and T be fuzzy mapping from X to W(x) satisfying
H(T(x),T(y))+k[ (x,T(x))+ (y,T(y))] ≤ a (x,T(y))+b (y, T(x)) + c d(x, y) +d (x,T(x))+ e (y, T(y))

Copyright to IJIRSET DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2017.0607252 13559

 ISSN(Online) : 2319-8753
ISSN (Print) : 2347-6710

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,

Engineering and Technology
(An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization)

Website: www.ijirset.com
Vol. 6, Issue 7, July 2017

for all x, y ∈ C; where a, b, c, d, e, k ≥ 0 and 2b + c + e + d − 2k < 1 ,a + b + c + d + e < 1 and 1 + k > b + d.

Then there exists a point z∈ X such that{ }⊂T(z).
Proof.
Take ∈ X. Let { }⊂T( ), choose such that { } ⊂ T( ), and
d( , )≤ (T( ), ( )).
Continuing this process we construct a sequence{ } such that { } ⊂ T( ) and
d( , )≤ (T( ), ( )) n = 0, 1, 2….
d( , )≤ (T( ), ( ))

≤ H(T( ), ( ))

≤a , T( ) +b , T( ) + cd( , )+d , T( )

+e , T( ) − k[ ( , T( )) + ( , ( )]

≤ ( , )+ b ( , )+ ( , )+ ( , )+ e ( , )
− k[ ( , )+ ( , )]
≤ b ( , )+b ( , )+ ( , )+ ( , )+ ( , )
− [ ( , )+ ( , )]

≤ ( , )for each n = 0,1,2…..

Where Q = <1

Hence { } is a Cauchy sequence in X. It hasa limit in X. Call it z. In the view of Lemmas (2.2) - (2.3)

(z, T(z))≤ d( , )+ (T( ), ( ))

≤ d( , )+a , T( ) +b , T( ) + cd( , )
+d , T( ) + e , T( ) − k[ ( , T( )) + ( , ( ))]
≤ ( , )+a ( , )+ b ( , )+b , T( ) + cd( , )
+d , T( ) + e ( , )− [ ( , ( )) + ( , )]
Making n → ∞ we get
(z, T(z)) ≤ M (z, T(z)) , where M = b + d − k and M < 1. Which gives (z, T (z)) = 0.
Hence z ⊂T(z).

Theorem 3.4.Let X be a complete metric linear space and T be a fuzzy mapping from X to W(x) satisfying
H (T(x), T(y)) ≤ a [ ( ,T( )) + (y, T(x)) ] + b [ (x,T(x))+ (y,T(y))]+c d(x, y)for all x, y ϵ X;

Copyright to IJIRSET DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2017.0607252 13560

 ISSN(Online) : 2319-8753
ISSN (Print) : 2347-6710

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,

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(An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization)

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Vol. 6, Issue 7, July 2017

where a, b ≥ 0 and 2a +2 b+ c< 1 and a <1− b Then there exists a point z X such that { }⊂ T(z).

Proof.
Take X. Let { }⊂T( ), choose such that { }⊂ T( ), andd( , )≤ (T( ), ( ))
Continuing this process we can construct a sequence{ } such that
{ }⊂ T( ),{ }⊂ T( ), and
d(( , ) ≤ (T( ), ( )) n = 0, 1, 2….

d( , ) ≤ (T( ), ( ))
≤ H(T( ), ( ))
≤a[ , T( ) + , T( ) ] + b[ ( , T( )) + ( , T( ))] + c d( , )
≤ [ ( , )+ ( , )] + [ ( , )+ ( , )] + c ( , )
≤ a ( , )+a ( , )+ ( , )+b ( , )+ ( , )
≤ ( , )for each n = 0, 1,2…..

Where = < 1.Hence { } is a Cauchy sequence in X.

It has a limit in X. Call it z. In the view of Lemmas (2.2) - (2.3) we get

(z, T(z)) ≤ d( , ) + (T( ), ( ))
≤d( , )+a [ , T( ) + , T( ) ] + b [ , T( ) + , T( ) ] + cd( , )
≤ ( , )+a ( , )+ ( , )+ , T( ) +b[ , T( ) + ( , )] + c ( , )
Making n → ∞ we get
(z, T(z)) ≤ S (z, T(z))where S = a + b and S< 1. Which gives (z, T(z)) = 0.
Hence z ⊂ T(z)
IV. CONCLUSION

We have proved some fixed point theorems of fuzzy function in complete metric spaces. The presented results
generalize the results proved in various spaces and extend some results from the literature.

REFERENCES

[1]. G.Artico and R.Moresco," On fuzzy metrizability”J.Math.Anal.Appl. vol.107, pp.144-147,(1985).

[2]. R.K. Bose, D. Sahani, “Fuzzy mappings and fixed point theorems, Fuzzy Sets and systems”, vol.21 53- 58.(1987).
[3]. M.Frigon, A. Granas, Resultats du type de LeraySchauderpour des contractions multi-valued, Topology.Meth.NonlinearAnal. Vol. 4 197 –
208 (1994).
[4]. M. Frigon, “On continuation methods for contractive and non-expansive mappings, Recent advances in metric fixed point theory, Sevilla1995 ,
Universidad deSevilla, Sevilla, pp.19-30.1996.
[5]. Shi Chuan, Common fuzzy hybrid fixed point theorems for a sequence of fuzzy mappings, International J. Math. Math Sciences, 20, No. 3 451-
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[6]. L. Ciric, M. Abbas, B. Damjanovic, R. Saadati, Common fuzzy fixed point theorems in ordered metric spaces, Mathematical and
Computer Modeling ,vol.53, 1737-1741,(2011).
[7]. J.Hajrani, K. Sadarangani, Generalized contractions in partially ordered metric spaces and applications to ordinary differential equations,
Nonlinear Analysis,vol.72, 1188-1197(2010).

Copyright to IJIRSET DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2017.0607252 13561

 ISSN(Online) : 2319-8753
ISSN (Print) : 2347-6710

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,

Engineering and Technology
(An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization)

Website: www.ijirset.com
Vol. 6, Issue 7, July 2017

[8]. S. Heilpern, Fuzzy mappings and fixed point theorems, J. Math.Anal. Appl., 83 566-569(1981).
[9]. Dr. R.Krishnakumar, K. Dinesh, Existence of fixed points of fuzzyfunctions in complete metric spaces, Proceedings of the International
conference on applied mathematical models ,January 3-5 , 2014 PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
[10]. Dr.R.Krishnakumar, K. Dinesh, Fixed point of cyclic contraction functions in banachspaces,International Journal Of Innovative
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[11].M.C. Joshi, R.K. Bose, Some Topics in Nonlinear ,Functional Analysis, John Wiley/ Wiley Eastern Ltd.(1985).

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