Type Name Syntax Description

Evaluates a value. If
the value is an #N/A
IFNA(value,
Logical IFNA error, returns the
value_if_na)
speci!ed value. Learn
more .

Evaluates multiple
IFS(condition1, conditions and returns
value1, a value that
Logical IFS
[condition2, corresponds to the
value2], …) !rst true condition.
Learn more.

Creates and returns a

custom function with a
set of names and a
formula_expression
that uses them. To
LAMBDA(name, calculate the
Logical LAMBDA
formula_expression) formula_expression,
you can call the
returned function with
as many values as the
name declares. Learn
more

Assigns name with the

value_expression
results and returns the
result of the
formula_expression.
LET(name1, The
formula_expression
value_expression1,
can use the names
[name2, …],
de!ned in the scope of
Logical LET [value_expression2,
the LET function. The
…],
value_expressions are
formula_expression
evaluated only once in
)
the LET function even
if the following
value_expressions or
the formula_expression
use them multiple
times. Learn more

Returns the opposite

of a logical value -
NOT(logical_express `NOT(TRUE)` returns
Logical NOT
ion) `FALSE`; `NOT(FALSE)`
returns `TRUE`. Learn
more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns true if any of

the provided
OR(logical_expressi
arguments are logically
on1,
Logical OR true, and false if all of
[logical_expression
the provided
2, ...])
arguments are logically
false. Learn more

Tests an expression
against a list of cases
and returns the
SWITCH(expression,
corresponding value of
case1, value1,
Logical SWITCH the !rst matching
[default or case2,
case, with an optional
value2], …)
default value if nothing
else is met. Learn more

Returns the logical

Logical TRUE TRUE() value `TRUE`. Learn
more

The XOR function

pe"orms an exclusive
XOR(logical_express
or of 2 numbers that
ion1,
Logical XOR returns a 1 if the
[logical_expression
numbers are di$erent,
2, ...])
and a 0 otherwise.
Learn more .

ADDRESS(row,
column,
Returns a cell
[absolute_relative_
Lookup ADDRESS reference as a string.
mode],
Learn more
[use_a1_notation],
[sheet])

Returns an element
CHOOSE(index,
from a list of choices
Lookup CHOOSE choice1, [choice2,
based on index. Learn
...])
more

Returns the column

COLUMN([cell_refere number of a speci!ed
Lookup COLUMN
nce]) cell, with `A=1`. Learn
more

Returns the number of

columns in a speci!ed
Lookup COLUMNS COLUMNS(range)
array or range. Learn
more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns the formula as

Lookup FORMULATEXT FORMULATEXT(cell) a string. Learn more
.

GETPIVOTDATA(value_ Extracts an
name, aggregated value from
any_pivot_table_cel a pivot table that
Lookup GETPIVOTDATA l, corresponds to the
[original_column, speci!ed row and
...], [pivot_item, column headings.
...] Learn more

Horizontal lookup.
Searches across the
HLOOKUP(search_key, !rst row of a range for
Lookup HLOOKUP range, index, a key and returns the
[is_sorted]) value of a speci!ed
cell in the column
found. Learn more

Returns the content of

INDEX(reference, a cell, speci!ed by row
Lookup INDEX
[row], [column]) and column o$set.
Learn more

INDIRECT(cell_refer Returns a cell

Lookup INDIRECT ence_as_string, reference speci!ed by
[is_A1_notation]) a string. Learn more

Looks through a row or

column for a key and
LOOKUP(search_key, returns the value of
search_range|search the cell in a result
Lookup LOOKUP
_result_array, range located in the
[result_range]) same position as the
search row or column.
Learn more

Returns the relative

MATCH(search_key, position of an item in a
Lookup MATCH range, range that matches a
[search_type]) speci!ed value. Learn
more

Returns a range
reference shi%ed a
OFFSET(cell_referen
speci!ed number of
ce, offset_rows,
Lookup OFFSET rows and columns from
offset_columns,
a sta&ing cell
[height], [width])
reference. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns the row

ROW([cell_reference
Lookup ROW number of a speci!ed
])
cell. Learn more

Returns the number of

rows in a speci!ed
Lookup ROWS ROWS(range)
array or range. Learn
more

Ve&ical lookup.
Searches down the
VLOOKUP(search_key, !rst column of a range
Lookup VLOOKUP range, index, for a key and returns
[is_sorted]) the value of a speci!ed
cell in the row found.
Learn more

Returns the values in

XLOOKUP(search_key, the result range based
lookup_range, on the position where
result_range, a match was found in
Lookup XLOOKUP
missing_value, the lookup range. If no
[match_mode], match is found, it
[search_mode]) returns the closest
match. Learn more

Returns the absolute

Math ABS ABS(value) value of a number.
Learn more

Returns the inverse

Math ACOS ACOS(value) cosine of a value, in
radians. Learn more

Returns the inverse

Math ACOSH ACOSH(value) hyperbolic cosine of a
number. Learn more

Returns the inverse

cotangent of a value, in
Math ACOT ACOT(value)
radians. Learn more
.

Returns the inverse

hyperbolic cotangent
of a value, in radians.
Math ACOTH ACOTH(value)
Must not be between
-1 and 1, inclusive.
Learn more .

Returns the inverse

Math ASIN ASIN(value) sine of a value, in
radians. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns the inverse

Math ASINH ASINH(value) hyperbolic sine of a
number. Learn more

Returns the inverse

Math ATAN ATAN(value) tangent of a value, in
radians. Learn more

Returns the angle

between the x-axis
and a line segment
Math ATAN2 ATAN2(x, y) from the origin (0,0) to
speci!ed coordinate
pair (`x`,`y`), in
radians. Learn more

Returns the inverse

Math ATANH ATANH(value) hyperbolic tangent of a
number. Learn more

Conve&s a number
into a text
BASE(value, base, representation in
Math BASE
[min_length]) another base, for
example, base 2 for
binary. Learn more .

Rounds a number up to
the nearest integer
CEILING(value,
Math CEILING multiple of speci!ed
[factor])
signi!cance. Learn
more

Rounds a number up to
the nearest integer
multiple of speci!ed
CEILING.MATH(number signi!cance, with
Math CEILING.MATH , [significance], negative numbers
[mode]) rounding toward or
away from 0
depending on the
mode. Learn more.

Rounds a number up to
the nearest integer
CEILING.PRECISE(num multiple of speci!ed
Math CEILING.PRECISE ber, signi!cance. If the
[significance]) number is positive or
negative, it is rounded
up. Learn more.

Math COMBIN COMBIN(n, k) Returns the number of

ways to choose some
number of objects
Type Name Syntax Description
from a pool of a given
size of objects. Learn
more

Returns the number of

ways to choose some
number of objects
from a pool of a given
Math COMBINA COMBINA(n, k) size of objects,
including ways that
choose the same
object multiple times.
Learn more .

Returns the cosine of

Math COS COS(angle) an angle provided in
radians. Learn more

Returns the hyperbolic

Math COSH COSH(value) cosine of any real
number. Learn more

Cotangent of an angle
Math COT COT(angle) provided in radians.
Learn more .

Returns the hyperbolic

cotangent of any real
Math COTH COTH(value)
number. Learn more
.

Returns the number of

Math COUNTBLANK COUNTBLANK(range) empty cells in a given
range. Learn more

Returns a conditional
COUNTIF(range,
Math COUNTIF count across a range.
criterion)
Learn more

COUNTIFS(criteria_r Returns the count of a

ange1, criterion1, range depending on
Math COUNTIFS
[criteria_range2, multiple criteria. Learn
criterion2, ...]) more

Counts the number of

COUNTUNIQUE(value1, unique values in a list
Math COUNTUNIQUE
[value2, ...]) of speci!ed values and
ranges. Learn more

Returns the cosecant

of an angle provided in
Math CSC CSC(angle)
radians. Learn more
.
Type Name Syntax Description

The CSCH function

returns the hyperbolic
Math CSCH CSCH(value) cosecant of any real
number. Learn more
.

The DECIMAL function

conve&s the text
representation of a
DECIMAL(value,
Math DECIMAL number in another
base)
base, to base 10
(decimal). Learn more
.

Conve&s an angle
value in radians to
Math DEGREES DEGREES(angle)
degrees. Learn more

Returns the
complementary Gauss
Math ERFC ERFC(z)
error function of a
value. Learn more

Math ERFC.PRECISE ERFC.PRECISE(z) See ERFC

Rounds a number up to
Math EVEN EVEN(value) the nearest even
integer. Learn more

Returns Euler's
number, e (~2.718)
Math EXP EXP(exponent)
raised to a power.
Learn more

Returns the factorial of

Math FACT FACT(value) a number. Learn more

Returns the "double

Math FACTDOUBLE FACTDOUBLE(value) factorial" of a number.
Learn more

Rounds a number
down to the nearest
FLOOR(value,
Math FLOOR integer multiple of
[factor])
speci!ed signi!cance.
Learn more

Math FLOOR.MATH FLOOR.MATH(number, Rounds a number

[significance], down to the nearest
[mode]) integer multiple of
speci!ed signi!cance,
with negative numbers
rounding toward or
Type Name Syntax Description
away from 0
depending on the
mode. Learn more.

The FLOOR.PRECISE
function rounds a
number down to the
FLOOR.PRECISE(numbe
Math FLOOR.PRECISE nearest integer or
r, [significance])
multiple of speci!ed
signi!cance. Learn
more .

Returns the the

logarithm of a
speci!ed Gamma
Math GAMMALN GAMMALN(value)
function, base e
(Euler's number).
Learn more

GAMMALN.PRECISE(val
Math GAMMALN.PRECISE See GAMMALN
ue)

Returns the greatest

common divisor of one
Math GCD GCD(value1, value2)
or more integers. Learn
more

Returns the logarithm

of a complex number,
Math IMLN IMLN(complex_value) base e (Euler's
number). Learn more

Returns a complex
IMPOWER(complex_bas
Math IMPOWER number raised to a
e, exponent)
power. Learn more

Computes the square

IMSQRT(complex_numb
Math IMSQRT root of a complex
er)
number. Learn more

Rounds a number
down to the nearest
Math INT INT(value) integer that is less than
or equal to it. Learn
more

Checks whether the

Math ISEVEN ISEVEN(value) provided value is even.
Learn more

ISO.CEILING(number, See CEILING.PRECISE

Math ISO.CEILING
[significance])
Type Name Syntax Description

Checks whether the

Math ISODD ISODD(value) provided value is odd.
Learn more

Returns the least

common multiple of
Math LCM LCM(value1, value2)
one or more integers.
Learn more

Returns the the

logarithm of a number,
Math LN LN(value) base e (Euler's
number). Learn more

Returns the the

logarithm of a number
Math LOG LOG(value, base)
given a base. Learn
more

Returns the the

logarithm of a number,
Math LOG10 LOG10(value)
base 10. Learn more

Returns the result of

the modulo operator,
MOD(dividend,
Math MOD the remainder a%er a
divisor)
division operation.
Learn more

Rounds one number to

the nearest integer
MROUND(value,
Math MROUND multiple of
factor)
another. Learn more

Returns the factorial of

the sum of values
MULTINOMIAL(value1, divided by the product
Math MULTINOMIAL
value2) of the values'
factorials. Learn more

Returns a unit matrix of

size dimension x
Math MUNIT MUNIT(dimension)
dimension. Learn more
.

Rounds a number up to
Math ODD ODD(value) the nearest odd
integer. Learn more

Math PI PI() Returns the value of Pi

to 14 decimal places.
Type Name Syntax Description
Learn more

Returns a number
POWER(base,
Math POWER raised to a power.
exponent)
Learn more

Returns the result of

PRODUCT(factor1, multiplying a series of
Math PRODUCT
[factor2, ...]) numbers together.
Learn more

Returns one number

QUOTIENT(dividend,
Math QUOTIENT divided by another.
divisor)
Learn more

Conve&s an angle
Math RADIANS RADIANS(angle) value in degrees to
radians. Learn more

Returns a random
number between 0
Math RAND RAND() inclusive and 1
exclusive. Learn more

Generates an array of
RANDARRAY(rows, random numbers
Math RANDARRAY
columns) between 0 and 1. Learn
more .

Returns a uniformly
random integer
RANDBETWEEN(low,
Math RANDBETWEEN between two values,
high)
inclusive. Learn more

Rounds a number to a
ce&ain number of
ROUND(value,
Math ROUND decimal places
[places])
according to standard
rules. Learn more

Rounds a number to a
ce&ain number of
ROUNDDOWN(value, decimal places, always
Math ROUNDDOWN
[places]) rounding down to the
next valid increment.
Learn more

Rounds a number to a
ce&ain number of
ROUNDUP(value, decimal places, always
Math ROUNDUP
[places]) rounding up to the
next valid increment.
Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

The SEC function

returns the secant of
Math SEC SEC(angle) an angle, measured in
radians. Learn more
.

The SECH function

returns the hyperbolic
Math SECH SECH(value)
secant of an angle.
Learn more

Returns an array of
SEQUENCE(rows,
sequential numbers,
Math SEQUENCE columns, start,
such as 1, 2, 3, 4. Learn
step)
more .

Given parameters x, n,
m, and a, returns the
power series sum a1xn
SERIESSUM(x, n, m, + a2x(n+m) + ... + aix(n+(i-
Math SERIESSUM 1)m), where i is the
a)
number of entries in
range `a`. Learn more

Given an input number,

returns `-1` if it is
Math SIGN SIGN(value) negative, `1` if positive,
and `0` if it is zero.
Learn more

Returns the sine of an

Math SIN SIN(angle) angle provided in
radians. Learn more

Returns the hyperbolic

Math SINH SINH(value) sine of any real
number. Learn more

Returns the positive

square root of a
Math SQRT SQRT(value)
positive number. Learn
more

Returns the positive

square root of the
Math SQRTPI SQRTPI(value) product of Pi and the
given positive number.
Learn more

Math SUBTOTAL SUBTOTAL(function_c Returns a subtotal for a

ode, range1, ve&ical range of cells
[range2, ...]) using a speci!ed
Type Name Syntax Description
aggregation function.
Learn more

Returns the sum of a

SUM(value1, series of numbers
Math SUM
[value2, ...]) and/or cells. Learn
more

SUMIF(range, Returns a conditional

Math SUMIF criterion, sum across a
[sum_range]) range. Learn more

SUMIFS(sum_range,
Returns the sum of a
criteria_range1,
range depending on
Math SUMIFS criterion1,
multiple criteria. Learn
[criteria_range2,
more
criterion2, ...])

Returns the sum of the

SUMSQ(value1, squares of a series of
Math SUMSQ
[value2, ...]) numbers and/or cells.
Learn more

Returns the tangent of

Math TAN TAN(angle) an angle provided in
radians. Learn more

Returns the hyperbolic

Math TANH TANH(value) tangent of any real
number. Learn more

Truncates a number to
a ce&ain number of
TRUNC(value, signi!cant digits by
Math TRUNC
[places]) omi5ing less
signi!cant digits. Learn
more

Returns the sum of two

numbers. Equivalent to
Operator ADD ADD(value1, value2)
the `+` operator. Learn
more

Returns the
concatenation of two
CONCAT(value1,
Operator CONCAT values. Equivalent to
value2)
the `&` operator. Learn
more

Returns one number

divided by another.
DIVIDE(dividend,
Operator DIVIDE Equivalent to the `/`
divisor)
operator. Learn more