Google Sheets function list

Google Sheets suppo!s cell formulas typically found in most desktop spreadsheet packages.
Functions can be used to create formulas that manipulate data and calculate strings and numbers.

Here's a list of all the functions available in each category. When using them, don't forget to add
quotation marks around all function components made of alphabetic characters that aren't referring
to cells or columns.

You can change the language of Google Sheets functions between English and 21 other languages.

Filter with a few keywords ... Narrow by ...

Type Name Syntax Description

ARRAY_CONSTRAIN(inp Constrains an array

Array ARRAY_CONSTRAIN ut_range, num_rows, result to a speci"ed
num_cols) size. Learn more

Groups an array by
columns by application
BYCOL(array_or_rang
Array BYCOL of a LAMBDA function
e, LAMBDA)
to each column. Learn
more

Groups an array by
rows by application of
BYROW(array_or_rang
Array BYROW a LAMBDA function to
e, LAMBDA)
each row. Learn more

Creates a new array

CHOOSECOLS(array,
from the selected
Array CHOOSECOLS col_num1,
columns in the existing
[col_num2])
range. Learn more

Creates a new array

CHOOSEROWS(array,
from the selected rows
Array CHOOSEROWS row_num1,
in the existing range.
[row_num2])
Learn more

Fla#ens all the values

FLATTEN(range1, from one or more
Array FLATTEN
[range2,...]) ranges into a single
column. Learn more

Calculates the
frequency distribution
FREQUENCY(data,
Array FREQUENCY of a one-column array
classes)
into speci"ed classes.
Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Given pa!ial data

about an exponential
GROWTH(known_data_y growth trend, "ts an
Array GROWTH , [known_data_x], ideal exponential
[new_data_x], [b]) growth trend and/or
predicts fu!her values.
Learn more

Appends ranges
horizontally and in
HSTACK(range1;
Array HSTACK sequence to return a
[range2, …])
larger array. Learn
more

Given pa!ial data

about a linear trend,
LINEST(known_data_y calculates various
, [known_data_x], parameters about the
Array LINEST
[calculate_b], ideal linear trend using
[verbose]) the least-squares
method. Learn more

Given pa!ial data

about an exponential
growth curve,
LOGEST(known_data_y
calculates various
Array LOGEST , [known_data_x],
parameters about the
[b], [verbose])
best "t ideal
exponential growth
curve. Learn more

Returns an array of
speci"ed dimensions
MAKEARRAY(rows, with values calculated
Array MAKEARRAY
columns, LAMBDA) by application of a
LAMBDA function.
Learn more

Maps each value in the

given arrays to a new
MAP(array1,
value by application of
Array MAP [array2, ...],
a LAMBDA function to
LAMBDA)
each value. Learn more

Returns the matrix

determinant of a
MDETERM(square_matr square matrix
Array MDETERM
ix) speci"ed as an array
or range. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns the
multiplicative inverse
MINVERSE(square_mat of a square matrix
Array MINVERSE
rix) speci"ed as an array
or range. Learn more

Calculates the matrix

product of two
MMULT(matrix1,
Array MMULT matrices speci"ed as
matrix2)
arrays or ranges. Learn
more

Reduces an array to an
accumulated result by
REDUCE(initial_valu
application of a
Array REDUCE e, array_or_range,
LAMBDA function to
LAMBDA)
each value. Learn more

Scans an array and

produces intermediate
values by application
SCAN(initial_value, of a LAMBDA function
Array SCAN array_or_range, to each value. Returns
LAMBDA) an array of the
intermediate values
obtained at each step.
Learn more

Calculates the sum of

the products of
SUMPRODUCT(array1, corresponding entries
Array SUMPRODUCT
[array2, ...]) in two equal-sized
arrays or ranges. Learn
more

Calculates the sum of

the di$erences of the
SUMX2MY2(array_x,
Array SUMX2MY2 squares of values in
array_y)
two arrays. Learn more

Calculates the sum of

the sums of the
SUMX2PY2(array_x,
Array SUMX2PY2 squares of values in
array_y)
two arrays. Learn more

Array SUMXMY2 SUMXMY2(array_x, Calculates the sum of

array_y) the squares of
di$erences of values in
Type Name Syntax Description
two arrays. Learn more

Transforms an array or
TOCOL(array_or_rang
range of cells into a
Array TOCOL e, [ignore],
single column. Learn
[scan_by_column])
more

Transforms an array or
TOROW(array_or_rang
range of cells into a
Array TOROW e, [ignore],
single row. Learn more
[scan_by_column])

Transposes the rows

TRANSPOSE(array_or_ and columns of an
Array TRANSPOSE
range) array or range of cells.
Learn more

Given pa!ial data

about a linear trend,
TREND(known_data_y, "ts an ideal linear
Array TREND [known_data_x], trend using the least
[new_data_x], [b]) squares method and/or
predicts fu!her values.
Learn more

Appends ranges
ve!ically and in
VSTACK(range1;
Array VSTACK sequence to return a
[range2, …])
larger array. Learn
more

Wraps the provided

row or column of cells
WRAPCOLS(range, by columns a%er a
Array WRAPCOLS wrap_count, speci"ed number of
[pad_with]) elements to form a
new array. Learn more

Wraps the provided

row or column of cells
WRAPROWS(range, by rows a%er a
Array WRAPROWS wrap_count, speci"ed number of
[pad_with]) elements to form a
new array. Learn more

Database DAVERAGE DAVERAGE(database, Returns the average of

field, criteria) a set of values
selected from a
database table-like
array or range using a
Type Name Syntax Description
SQL-like query. Learn
more

Counts numeric values

selected from a
DCOUNT(database, database table-like
Database DCOUNT
field, criteria) array or range using a
SQL-like query. Learn
more

Counts values,
including text, selected
DCOUNTA(database, from a database table-
Database DCOUNTA
field, criteria) like array or range
using a SQL-like query.
Learn more

Returns a single value

from a database table-
DGET(database,
Database DGET like array or range
field, criteria)
using a SQL-like query.
Learn more

Returns the maximum

value selected from a
DMAX(database, database table-like
Database DMAX
field, criteria) array or range using a
SQL-like query. Learn
more

Returns the minimum

value selected from a
DMIN(database, database table-like
Database DMIN
field, criteria) array or range using a
SQL-like query. Learn
more

Returns the product of

values selected from a
DPRODUCT(database, database table-like
Database DPRODUCT
field, criteria) array or range using a
SQL-like query. Learn
more

Returns the standard

deviation of a
population sample
DSTDEV(database, selected from a
Database DSTDEV
field, criteria) database table-like
array or range using a
SQL-like query. Learn
more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns the standard

deviation of an entire
population selected
DSTDEVP(database,
Database DSTDEVP from a database table-
field, criteria)
like array or range
using a SQL-like query.
Learn more

Returns the sum of

values selected from a
DSUM(database, database table-like
Database DSUM
field, criteria) array or range using a
SQL-like query. Learn
more

Returns the variance of

a population sample
selected from a
DVAR(database,
Database DVAR database table-like
field, criteria)
array or range using a
SQL-like query. Learn
more

Returns the variance of

an entire population
selected from a
DVARP(database,
Database DVARP database table-like
field, criteria)
array or range using a
SQL-like query. Learn
more

Conve!s a provided
DATE(year, month, year, month, and day
Date DATE
day) into a date. Learn more

Calculates the number

DATEDIF(start_date, of days, months, or
Date DATEDIF
end_date, unit) years between two
dates. Learn more

Conve!s a provided
DATEVALUE(date_stri date string in a known
Date DATEVALUE
ng) format to a date value.
Learn more

Returns the day of the

month that a speci"c
Date DAY DAY(date) date falls on, in
numeric format. Learn
more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns the number of

DAYS(end_date,
Date DAYS days between two
start_date)
dates. Learn more.

Returns the di$erence

between two days
based on the 360 day
DAYS360(start_date,
Date DAYS360 year used in some
end_date, [method])
"nancial interest
calculations. Learn
more

Returns a date a
speci"ed number of
EDATE(start_date,
Date EDATE months before or a%er
months)
another date. Learn
more

Returns a date
representing the last
day of a month which
EOMONTH(start_date,
Date EOMONTH falls a speci"ed
months)
number of months
before or a%er another
date. Learn more

Conve!s a Unix epoch

timestamp in seconds,
EPOCHTODATE(timesta milliseconds, or
Date EPOCHTODATE
mp, [unit]) microseconds to a
datetime in UTC. Learn
more

Returns the hour

component of a
Date HOUR HOUR(time) speci"c time, in
numeric format. Learn
more

Returns the number of

the ISO week of the
Date ISOWEEKNUM ISOWEEKNUM(date) year where the
provided date falls.
Learn more

Returns the minute

component of a
Date MINUTE MINUTE(time) speci"c time, in
numeric format. Learn
more

Date MONTH MONTH(date) Returns the month of

the year a speci"c
Type Name Syntax Description
date falls in, in numeric
format. Learn more

Returns the number of

NETWORKDAYS(start_d
net working days
Date NETWORKDAYS ate, end_date,
between two provided
[holidays])
days. Learn more

Returns the number of

net working days
NETWORKDAYS.INTL(st
between two provided
art_date, end_date,
Date NETWORKDAYS.INTL days excluding
[weekend],
speci"ed weekend
[holidays])
days and holidays.
Learn more

Returns the current

date and time as a
Date NOW NOW()
date value. Learn more

Returns the second

component of a
Date SECOND SECOND(time) speci"c time, in
numeric format. Learn
more

Conve!s a provided
TIME(hour, minute, hour, minute, and
Date TIME
second) second into a time.
Learn more

Returns the fraction of

TIMEVALUE(time_stri a 24-hour day the time
Date TIMEVALUE
ng) represents. Learn more

Returns the current

Date TODAY TODAY() date as a date value.
Learn more

Returns a number
representing the day
WEEKDAY(date,
Date WEEKDAY of the week of the date
[type])
provided. Learn more

Returns a number
representing the week
WEEKNUM(date,
Date WEEKNUM of the year where the
[type])
provided date falls.
Learn more

Date WORKDAY WORKDAY(start_date, Calculates the end

num_days, date a%er a speci"ed
Type Name Syntax Description
[holidays]) number of working
days. Learn more

Calculates the date

a%er a speci"ed
WORKDAY.INTL(start_
number of workdays
date, num_days,
Date WORKDAY.INTL excluding speci"ed
[weekend],
weekend days and
[holidays])
holidays. Learn more

Returns the year

Date YEAR YEAR(date) speci"ed by a given
date. Learn more

Returns the number of

years, including
YEARFRAC(start_date
fractional years,
, end_date,
Date YEARFRAC between two dates
[day_count_conventi
using a speci"ed day
on])
count convention.
Learn more

Conve!s a signed
BIN2DEC(signed_bina binary number to
Engineering BIN2DEC
ry_number) decimal format. Learn
more

BIN2HEX(signed_bina Conve!s a signed

ry_number, binary number to
Engineering BIN2HEX
[significant_digits signed hexadecimal
]) format. Learn more

BIN2OCT(signed_bina Conve!s a signed

ry_number, binary number to
Engineering BIN2OCT
[significant_digits signed octal format.
]) Learn more

Bitwise boolean AND

BITAND(value1,
Engineering BITAND of two numbers. Learn
value2)
more.

Shi%s the bits of the

BITLSHIFT(value, input a ce!ain number
Engineering BITLSHIFT
shift_amount) of places to the le%.
Learn more.

Bitwise boolean OR of
BITOR(value1,
Engineering BITOR 2 numbers. Learn
value2)
more.

Engineering BITRSHIFT BITRSHIFT(value, Shi%s the bits of the

shift_amount) input a ce!ain number
Type Name Syntax Description
of places to the right.
Learn more.

Bitwise XOR (exclusive

BITXOR(value1,
Engineering BITXOR OR) of 2 numbers.
value2)
Learn more.

Creates a complex
COMPLEX(real_part,
number given real and
Engineering COMPLEX imaginary_part,
imaginary coe&cients.
[suffix])
Learn more

DEC2BIN(decimal_num Conve!s a decimal

ber, number to signed
Engineering DEC2BIN
[significant_digits binary format. Learn
]) more

DEC2HEX(decimal_num Conve!s a decimal

ber, number to signed
Engineering DEC2HEX
[significant_digits hexadecimal format.
]) Learn more

DEC2OCT(decimal_num
Conve!s a decimal
ber,
Engineering DEC2OCT number to signed octal
[significant_digits
format. Learn more
])

Compare two numeric

DELTA(number1, values, returning 1 if
Engineering DELTA
[number2]) they're equal. Learn
more

The ERF function

returns the integral of
ERF(lower_bound, the Gauss error
Engineering ERF
[upper_bound]) function over an
interval of values.
Learn more .

ERF.PRECISE(lower_b
Engineering ERF.PRECISE ound, See ERF
[upper_bound])

Returns 1 if the rate is

strictly greater than or
equal to the provided
step value or 0
GESTEP(value,
Engineering GESTEP otherwise. If no step
[step])
value is provided then
the default value of 0
will be used. Learn
more.
Type Name Syntax Description

HEX2BIN(signed_hexa Conve!s a signed

decimal_number, hexadecimal number
Engineering HEX2BIN
[significant_digits to signed binary
]) format. Learn more

Conve!s a signed
HEX2DEC(signed_hexa hexadecimal number
Engineering HEX2DEC
decimal_number) to decimal format.
Learn more

Conve!s a signed
HEX2OCT(signed_hexa
hexadecimal number
Engineering HEX2OCT decimal_number,
to signed octal format.
significant_digits)
Learn more

Returns absolute value

Engineering IMABS IMABS(number) of a complex number.
Learn more

Returns the imaginary

IMAGINARY(complex_n coe&cient of a
Engineering IMAGINARY
umber) complex number.
Learn more

The IMARGUMENT
function returns the
angle (also known as
the argument or
Engineering IMARGUMENT IMARGUMENT(number)
\theta) of the given
complex number in
radians. Learn more
.

Returns the complex

Engineering IMCONJUGATE IMCONJUGATE(number) conjugate of a number.
Learn more

The IMCOS function

returns the cosine of
Engineering IMCOS IMCOS(number) the given complex
number. Learn more
.

Returns the hyperbolic

cosine of the given
complex number. For
Engineering IMCOSH IMCOSH(number) example, a given
complex number "x+yi"
returns "cosh(x+yi)."
Learn more .

Engineering IMCOT IMCOT(number) Returns the cotangent

of the given complex
number. For example, a
Type Name Syntax Description
given complex number
"x+yi" returns
"cot(x+yi)." Learn more
.

Returns the hyperbolic

cotangent of the given
complex number. For
example, a given
Engineering IMCOTH IMCOTH(number)
complex number "x+yi"
returns
"coth(x+yi)." Learn
more .

Returns the cosecant

of the given complex
Engineering IMCSC IMCSC(number)
number. Learn more
.

Returns the hyperbolic

cosecant of the given
complex number. For
example, a given
Engineering IMCSCH IMCSCH(number)
complex number "x+yi"
returns
"csch(x+yi)." Learn
more .

Returns one complex

IMDIV(dividend, number divided by
Engineering IMDIV
divisor) another. Learn more

Returns Euler's
number, e (~2.718)
Engineering IMEXP IMEXP(exponent)
raised to a complex
power. Learn more .

Returns the logarithm

of a complex number
Engineering IMLOG IMLOG(value, base)
for a speci"ed
base. Learn more .

Returns the logarithm

of a complex number
Engineering IMLOG10 IMLOG10(value)
with base 10. Learn
more .

Returns the logarithm

of a complex number
Engineering IMLOG2 IMLOG2(value)
with base 2. Learn
more .