Assessment and evaluation are essential to

student success in mathematics.

The purpose of assessment is diverse: Assessment provides rich data
to evaluate student learning, the effectiveness of teaching, and the
achievement of the prescribed curriculum outcomes. However,
assessment without evaluation is insufficient, as the collection and
reporting of data alone are not entirely useful unless the quality of the
data is evaluated in relation to the outcomes. With this end, teachers
use written or non-written tests, rubrics, criteria, marking keys, and
other objective guides to evaluate the learning performance of their
students.
 What do you
mean by
assessment?
 How about
evaluation?
 Do they
have
something
in common?
 How do they differ
from each other?
 Lesson 1: Assessment and Evaluation:
Concepts and Principles
What to Expect?
At the end of the lesson, the students can:
1) define what is assessment and evaluation;
2) distinguish the characteristics of
assessment from evaluation;
3) identify the functions of educational
evaluation;
4) discuss the principles of assessment; and
5) appreciate the educational principles in the
evaluation of Mathematics assessment.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nbHWvXr7iW0
 1
define what is assessment
and evaluation
ssessment

valuation
ssessment
ssessme
Assessment
nt involves the use of
empirical data on
student learning to
refine programs
and improve
student learning.
(Assessing Academic Programs in
Higher Education by Allen 2004)
 Assessment is the process of
gathering and discussing
information from multiple and
diverse sources to develop a
deep understanding of what
students know, understand, and
can do with their knowledge as a
result of their educational
experiences; the process
culminates when assessment
results are used to improve
subsequent learning.
(Learner-Centered Assessment on College
Campuses: shifting the focus from
teaching to learning by Huba and Freed
2000)
 Assessment is the
systematic basis for making
inferences about the learning
and development of students.
It is the process of defining,
selecting, designing,
collecting, analyzing,
interpreting, and using
information to increase
students' learning and
development.
(Assessing Student Learning and
Development: A Guide to the Principles,
Goals, and Methods of Determining College
Outcomes by Erwin 1991)
 Assessment is the
systematic collection,
review, and use of
information about
educational programs
undertaken for the
purpose of improving
student learning and
development (Palomba &
Banta, 1999).
Assessment refers to the
wide variety of methods
or tools that educators
use to evaluate,
measure, and document
the academic readiness,
learning
progress, skill
acquisition, or
educational needs of
students (Great School
Partnership, 2020).
 David et al. (2020:3)
defined assessment
as the ― process of
gathering
quantitative and/or
qualitative data for
the purpose of
making decisions.
 Assessment is defined as a
process that is used to keep
track of learners‘ progress in
relation to learning standards
and in the development of 21st
century skills; to promote self-
reflection and personal
accountability among students
about their own learning; and to
provide bases for the profiling of
student performance on the
learning competencies and
standards of the curriculum
(DepEd Order No. 8, s. 2015).
 Assessment is one of the most
critical dimensions of the
education process; it focuses not
only on identifying how many of
the predefined education aims
and goals have been achieved
but also works as a feedback
mechanism that educators
should use to enhance their
teaching practices.

Although many definitions exist,

assessment is generally considered
as the process of collecting
 information for
specific purposes.
ssessment

valuation
valuation
valuation
Evaluation is the assignment
of symbols to phenomenon,
in order to characterize the
worth or value of a
phenomenon, usually with
reference to some cultural
or scientific standards
(James M. Bradfield).
Evaluation is closely related to measurement.
It is in some respect, inclusive including
informal and intuitive judgement of
pupil‘s progress. Evaluation is
describing something in term of selected
attributes and judging the degree of
acceptability or suitability of that which
has been described
(Thorndike and Hegan).
 Evaluation is a
systematic process of
collecting, analyzing and
interpreting information to
determine the extent to
which pupil‘s are
achievement instructional
objectives
(Norman E. Gronlund and Robert L. Linn).
 The process of ascertaining or judging the
value or amount of something by use of a
standard of standard of appraisal includes
judgement in terms of internal evidence and
external criteria. From the above definitions it
can be said that evaluations a much more
comprehensive and inclusive term than the
measurement and test. A test is a set of
question measurement is assigning numbers
to the results of test according to some
specific rules on the other hand evaluation
adds value judgement
(C.V. Good).
 2
Distinguish characteristics
of assessment from
evaluation
ssessment
provides feedback on knowledge, skills, attitudes,
and
work products for the purpose of elevating future
performances and learning outcomes.
It has usually been used to indicate that at least
some hint of improvement is expected in the
assessment process
(Bordon & Owens, 2001; Palomba & Banta, 1999).

valuation
determines the level of quality of a performance
or
outcome and enables decision-making based
on the level of quality demonstrated.
Similarly, evaluation is usually used to
indicate that some sort of judgment of
quality will be made.
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-key-differences-and-similarities-between-both-the-assessment-and-
evaluation_fig1_34C0C3881
 Assessment Evaluation
To improve quality To determine the
What is the
of the future quality of the
purpose?
performances performance
Who requests? Assessee Client
Who performs? Assessee Evaluate
Who observes
Assessor Evaluator
the performance?

Assessment and Evaluation in Mathematics by Ernie C. Cerado, PhD

 Assessment Evaluation
Who sets Assessee and Client
(with possible consultation
criteria? assessor
with the evaluator)
Who uses the Assessee Client
information? (in future (to make decisions)
performances)
When can During or after During or after a
feedback a performance performance
occur?
On what is Observations Level of quality
(strongest and
feedback weakest points)
based on a set of
standard
 based?

Assessment and Evaluation in Mathematics by Ernie C. Cerado, PhD

 Assessment Evaluation
What made the
The quality of
quality of the
What is included the
performance strong
in the report? performance,
and how might one
often compared
improve future
to set standards
performances
Who receives the
Assessee Client
report?
How is the report To improve
To make
used? performance
judgments
Assessment and Evaluation in Mathematics by Ernie C. Cerado, PhD
 3
identify the functions of
educational evaluation
 Functions of Educational Evaluation
Evaluation helps Evaluation data
in preparing Evaluation helps in
are very much
instructional reporting pupil’s
useful in
objectives. progress to
guidance and
parents.
counselling.

Evaluation Evaluation helps Evaluation helps

process helps in in curriculum in effective
assessing the development. school
learner’s needs. administration.

Evaluation help in back to the Evaluation helps in

providing feed students. preparing
programmed
materials. Evaluation
data are
helpful in
school
research.
 4
discuss the principles of
assessment
 Principles of Assessment
Assessment
is an
Assessment Assessmen on- Assessment
should have t is not an going, is learner-
a clear end in continuous, centered.
purpose. itself. and a
formative
According to David et al. (2020), the following may be process.
considered as core
principles in assessing learning:

Assessmen
Assessmen Assessment Assessment
t is both
t should be requires the must be
process-
authentic use of comprehens
and
as possible. appropriate ive and
product
measures. holistic.
-
oriented
 5

appreciate the educational

principles in the evaluation of
Mathematics assessment
Principles for Assessing Mathematics Learning

According to the National Research Council

(1993), assessment is a way of measuring
what students know and of expressing what
students should learn.
As the role of mathematics in society has
changed, so mathematics education is
changing based on new national standards for
curriculum and instruction.
Mathematics assessment must also change to
ensure consistency with the goals of
education.
 Principles for Assessing Mathematics Learning
Three fundamental educational principles that form the
foundation of all assessment that supports effective
education, to wit:

Content Principle

Learning Principle

Equity Principle
 Principles for Assessing Mathematics Learning
Three fundamental educational principles that form the
foundation of all assessment that supports effective
education, to wit:

Content Principle
Assessment should
reflect the mathematics
that is most important
for students to learn.
 Principles for Assessing Mathematics Learning
Three fundamental educational principles that form the
foundation of all assessment that supports effective
education, to wit:

Learning Principle
Assessment should
enhance mathematics
learning and support
good instructional
practice.
 Principles for Assessing Mathematics Learning
Three fundamental educational principles that form the
foundation of all assessment that supports effective
education, to wit:

Assessment should
support every
student's opportunity
to learn important
mathematics.

Equity Principle
 Principles for Assessing Mathematics Learning
Three fundamental educational principles that form the
foundation of all assessment that supports effective
education, to wit:

Goal: To ensure that assessments are based on well-

Content Principle reasoned conceptions of what mathematics
students will need to lead fully informed lives.

Learning Principle Rationale: Challenge students to be creative and to

formulate and solve problems.

Aim: To ensure that assessments are designed to give

Equity Principle every student a fair chance to demonstrate his or
her best work and are used to provide every student
with access to challenging mathematics..
In this chapter, you have studied about
the following:

meaning and
functions of p educational e
characteristics rinciples in th
principles of
of assessment educational evaluation of
and evaluation assessment
evaluation Mathematics
assessment
Asynchronous Learning Activity 1. (Prelim)
Answer the questions on Asynchronous Learning Activity
#1.
 Asynchronous Learning Activity 1. (Prelim)
Answer the questions on Asynchronous Learning Activity #1.
1) After appreciating the varied meanings of
assessment, make your own simple definition of the
term.
2) With good understanding of the meaning of
evaluation, is it the same with the program
accreditation of the university? Explain.
3) Write at least 2 salient differences of
assessment and evaluation.
4) List down the principles of assessment.
5) Explain briefly the principles of content, learning and
equity.
 Asynchronous Learning Activity 1. (Prelim)
Answer the questions on Asynchronous Learning Activity #1.
6) Choose 3 core principles in assessing learning and explain them inrelation to
your experiences with past teachers. A model is provided for your reference.
Principles Practices
I remember my high school teacher in Mathematics who just
Example: gave periodical test items that were not actually presented nor
Assessment should have discussed in class. He would often include every difficult test
a items that even the smartest student in our class could not
clear purpose. answer. I could not understand why he felt so happy when
most of us failed in the test.
1)
2)
3)