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Chap 1 - Rev

The document explains the differences between binary and denary number systems, including their bases, digit usage, and conversion processes. It also covers hexadecimal systems, memory size measurements, and the importance of binary data storage in computers. Additionally, it highlights the use of hexadecimal in various applications, such as HTML colors and IP addresses, along with its benefits for programmers.

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16 views2 pages

Chap 1 - Rev

The document explains the differences between binary and denary number systems, including their bases, digit usage, and conversion processes. It also covers hexadecimal systems, memory size measurements, and the importance of binary data storage in computers. Additionally, it highlights the use of hexadecimal in various applications, such as HTML colors and IP addresses, along with its benefits for programmers.

Uploaded by

louqman.huawei
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Revision: Chapter 1

Chapter 1

1. Binary to Denary (maths value) or Denary to Binary

Remember: 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

Explain the differences between the binary number system and the denary number system.

- A binary number system is a base-2 system and denary number system is a base-10 system
- A binary number system uses 0 and 1 values and a denary number system uses 0 to 9 values
- A binary number system has units headings that increase by the power of 2 and a denary number system has units headings that
increase by the power of 10
- Binary has more digits for the same value whereas denary has less digits for the same value
Explain the process of converting the binary number 1010 into a denary number.
- Correct column headings / place holders by example “8 4 2 1”
- Correctly place a 1 or a 0 for each column
- Identify the columns to be added
- Add together the (denary) values identified (8 + 2)
- This will give 10
2. Hexadecimal

Remember: A=10, B=11, C=12, D=13, E=14 & F=15

Binary to Hexadecimal Hexadecimal to Binary


1. Split group of 4 1. Split
2. Put: 8 4 2 1 2. Convert letter to number
3. Convert number to letter 3. Put: 8 4 2 1

3. Hexadecimal to Denary or Denary to Hexadecimal

Remember: 256 16 1

4. Why data is stored as binary in computers

- Computer consist of transistors / logic circuits that can only store data in two states 1 and 0

5. Examples where binary is used.

- used to represent a character

- used to represent a number

6. Measurement of Memory Size

Name of memory size Number of bits


1 kilobyte (1KB) 210
1 megabyte (1 MB) 220
1 gigabyte (1 GB) 230
1 terabyte (1 TB) 240
1 petabyte (1 PB) 250

1
Revision: Chapter 1
1 nibble = 4 bits

1 byte = 8 bits

1 KB = 1000 bytes or 1024 bytes

1MB = 1000 KB or 1024 KB

1 GB = 1000 MB or 1024 MB

1 TB = 1000 GB or 1024 GB

Remember: To convert megabits to megabyte, just divide by 8

Remember:

TB GB MB KB Byte Bits

7. Hexadecimal Use

(i) HTML colours

- e.g. Blue 0000FF

Q: How other HTML colors, such as a darker shade, are created? (2)

- Hex values between 0 to F are combined together to create a hex code


- Different combinations in hex codes will create different colours.

(ii) Memory Dump

It is the output of computer memory through a printer or monitor

e.g. 5F 3A 9 F1

(iii) MAC Address / IP Address

- Media Access Control

e.g. 01-23-45-67-89-AB

(iv) Web addresses / URL

(v) Assembly Language

(vi) ASCII

Q: Benefit of using hexadecimal

- Easier for programmers to read and understand

- Easier to find errors / Easier to debug

- Uses less character / Shorter to write

- Less likely to make mistakes

Q: Benefit using hexadecimal to represent an IP address

- Less digits to use

- Less likely to make error

- Easier to write down

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