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Week 3

The document outlines the objectives and key concepts of kinematics in physics, focusing on motion in one, two, and three dimensions. It differentiates between distance and displacement, speed and velocity, and provides formulas and sample problems related to linear motion and projectile motion. The module aims to equip students with the ability to analyze and solve problems involving uniform acceleration and various types of motion.

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April Ocampo
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7 views25 pages

Week 3

The document outlines the objectives and key concepts of kinematics in physics, focusing on motion in one, two, and three dimensions. It differentiates between distance and displacement, speed and velocity, and provides formulas and sample problems related to linear motion and projectile motion. The module aims to equip students with the ability to analyze and solve problems involving uniform acceleration and various types of motion.

Uploaded by

April Ocampo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GENERAL PHYSICS 1

Science, Technology, Engineering


and Mathematics (STEM)
RECAP

Previous Discussion
Week 3:
KINEMATICS
MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE

MOTION IN 2- DIMENSION AND 3-DIMENSION


Objectives
At the end of this module, you should be able to:

1. Convert a verbal description of a physical


situation involving uniform acceleration in one
dimension into a mathematical description
2. Recognize whether or not a physical situation
involves constant velocity or constant
acceleration
3. Construct and Interpret displacement and
velocity, respectively, as areas under velocity
vs. time and acceleration vs. time curves
4. Solve problems involving one-dimensional
motion with constant acceleration
5. Describe 2 D and 3 D motions
6. Solve problems involving 2 D and 3 D motions
E D
S P E
S E
P D
E
the rate at which someone or something
is able to move or operate
M
OOTO
T NI O
I M
N
change with time of the position or
orientation of a body
VE
LOVEYCT
LOC I T YI
quantity that designates how fast and in
what direction a point is moving
COLPEJ
PROJECTI RET
I LE
any object that once projected or dropped
continues in motion by its own inertia and
is influenced only by the downward force
of gravity
O
ACC
LAEE
LCER
AATE
T NI O
R NI
rate at which velocity changes with time, in
terms of both speed and direction
MECHANICS
The branch of Physics dealing with the study of
motion
Two Areas :
1. Kinematics - dealing with describing motions,
2. Dynamics - dealing with the causes of motion.

KINEMATICS
The study of motion, without any reference to the
forces that cause the motion. It basically means
studying how things are moving, not why they're
moving.
Motion
To understand motion, it is essential to
differentiate quantities such as:

distance and displacement,

speed and velocity, average velocity,

instantaneous speed and instantaneous


velocity, and

average acceleration and instantaneous


acceleration.
Distance vs. Displacement
B
3m

4m C

5m

A
Distance is a scalar quantity (from A to B to C) that refers to "how much
ground an object has covered" during its motion
distance traversed = 4m + 3m = 7m
Displacement is a vector quantity (from A to C) that refers
to "how far out of place an object is"; it is the object's overall
change in position. Displacement Δx is displacement, xf is
the final position C, and x0 is the initial position A.
displacement covered = 5m
Velocity

A X B
x1 x2
V1 V2
t1 t2

in meters per second


(m/s)
Acceleration
Average acceleration is the rate at which
velocity changes:
2
in meters per second
2
(m/s )
LINEAR MOTION
Formulas to remember
v

v2
x

x
Sample Problems
1. A car reach its destination 25 kilometers in 15 minutes. What is
its average velocity in m/s?

2. A racehorse coming out of the gate accelerates from rest to a


velocity of 15.0 m/s due west in 1.80 s. What is its average
acceleration?

3. An airplane accelerates down a runway at 3.20 m/s2 for 32.8 s


until is finally lifts off the ground. Determine the distance traveled
before takeoff.

4. A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly over a time of


5.21 seconds for a distance of 110 m. Determine the
acceleration of the car.
Sample Problem – Free Fall
A stone is dropped into a deep well and is heard to hit the water
3.41 s after being dropped. Determine the depth of the well.
Projectile Motion
Sample Problem – 2D
1. The observation deck of tall skyscraper 370 m above the
street. Determine the time required for a penny to free fall from
the deck to the street below.

2. A bullet is moving at a speed of 367 m/s when it embeds into a


lump of moist clay. The bullet penetrates for a distance of 0.0621
m. Determine the acceleration of the bullet while moving into the
clay. (Assume a uniform acceleration.)
Sample Problem – 3D
During a fireworks display, a shell is shot
into the air with an initial speed of 70.0 m/s
at an angle of 75.0º above the horizontal,
as illustrated in Figure. The fuse is timed to
ignite the shell just as it reaches its highest
point above the ground.
(a) Calculate the height at which the shell
explodes.
(b) How much time passed between the
launch of the shell and the explosion?
(c) What is the horizontal displacement of
the shell when it explodes?
(1 sheet of pad paper)

Do not forget to write your


name, section and the date today.
Quiz No. 3
1. A vehicle starts from rest and travels at the rate of 2 m/s2. How
long will it take the vehicle to cover a distance of 100 m?

2. A feather is dropped on the moon from a height of 1.40 meters.


The acceleration of gravity on the moon is 1.67 m/s2. Determine
the time for the feather to fall to the surface of the moon.

3. An object is launched at a velocity of 20 m/s in a direction making


an angle of 25° upward with the horizontal. What is the maximum
height reached by the object?

4. An object is fired straight up at a speed of 9.8m/s. Compute its


maximum altitude and the time it takes to reach that height. Ignore
air resistance. Compute its maximum altitude

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