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Week 4

This document outlines the objectives and key concepts of Newton's Laws of Motion, including definitions of inertial frames, forces, and friction. It explains the differences between contact and non-contact forces, as well as action-reaction pairs, and provides sample problems for practical application. Additionally, it covers the concepts of mass, weight, free-body diagrams, and fluid resistance.

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April Ocampo
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9 views47 pages

Week 4

This document outlines the objectives and key concepts of Newton's Laws of Motion, including definitions of inertial frames, forces, and friction. It explains the differences between contact and non-contact forces, as well as action-reaction pairs, and provides sample problems for practical application. Additionally, it covers the concepts of mass, weight, free-body diagrams, and fluid resistance.

Uploaded by

April Ocampo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GENERAL PHYSICS 1

Science, Technology, Engineering


and Mathematics (STEM)
RECAP

Previous Discussion
Week 4:
NEWTON’S LAWS
OF MOTION
Objectives
At the end of this module, you should be able
to:

1. Define inertial frames of reference


2. Describe contact forces and non-contact
forces
3. Identify action -reaction pairs
4. Draw free -body diagrams
5. Apply Newton’s 1st law
6. Apply Newton’s 2nd law and kinematics
7. Differentiate the properties of static friction
and kinetic friction
8. Solve problems on 3rd Newton’s Law of
motion
EI A
NR I T IN
ER A
a property of matter by which it continues
in its existing state of rest or uniform
motion in a straight line, unless that state
is changed by an external force
M
OOTO
T NI O
I M
N
change with time of the position or
orientation of a body
O
ACC
LAEE
LCER
AATE
T NI O
R NI
rate at which velocity changes with time, in
terms of both speed and direction
O
I NE
TCER
I A
TCN TI TI O
RNA
a particular way in which matter, fields, and
atomic and subatomic particles affect one
another through gravitation and
electromagnetism
C
F O R
F C
R E
external agent capable of changing a
body's state of rest or motion
Frame of Reference
Inertial Frame of Reference vs.
Non-Inertial Frame of Reference
CONTACT FORCE and
NON-CONTACT FORCE
CONTACT FORCE NON-CONTACT FORCE
If two objects have to A force which acts on
be touching for the an object without
force to act (the two coming physically in
objects will be contact with it
pushing or pulling on ◼ Gravitational Force
each other )
◼ Magnetic Force
◼ Friction
◼ Electrostatics
◼ Air resistance
◼ Nuclear Force
◼ Tension force

◼ Compression force

◼ Bow and Arrow

◼ Normal Force
Mass and Weight
Mass (m) is simply the measure of the amount of
matter in a body.

Mass = volume × density

Weight (w) is the measure of the amount of force


acting on a mass due to acceleration due to gravity.

Weight = mass × acceleration due to gravity

W = mg
Sample Problems
1. Find the weight of a 1500 kg mass vehicle.

2. What is the mass of a 2000 N object?

3. What is the object’s mass in pounds if its weight is 500 N?


Action and Reaction Pairs
A force is a push or a pull that acts upon an object as a
results of its interaction with another object. These two
forces are called action and reaction
Free Body Diagrams

Fm

f=uN

f Fm W =mg N

W
f=uN

N
○ W=mg
30

f
Fm

30 ○
W
Centripetal Force
Newton's 1ˢᵗ law tells us that an object will continue
moving along a straight path unless acted on by an
external force. The external force here is the centripetal
force.
Friction
Friction is a force that opposes relative motion between surfaces in
contact. One of the simpler characteristics of friction is that it is
parallel to the contact surface between surfaces and always in a
direction that opposes motion or attempted motion of the systems
relative to each other.

Static friction is a force that keeps an object at rest. The friction


experienced when individuals try to move a stationary object on
a surface, without actually triggering any relative motion between
the body and the surface which it is on.

Kinetic friction is defined as a force that acts between moving


surfaces. A body moving on the surface experiences a force in
the opposite direction of its movement. The magnitude of the
force will depend on the coefficient of kinetic friction between the
two materials.
Friction
The coefficient of friction , μs, is just a number that
represents how much two surfaces grip each other.

The normal force, N, is the force a surface applies to an


object to keep it sitting on a surface.
Friction
The term sliding friction refers to the resistance created by
two objects sliding against each other. This can also be
called kinetic friction. Sliding friction is intended to stop an
object from moving.
Friction
Rolling friction is when a force is applied to a ball or wheel, it
will start rolling, provided there is a resistive force preventing
the wheel from simply sliding along the other surface. The
force may be a torque applied to the axle of the wheel or a
linear push or pull on the wheel. The resistance of static
friction causes the rolling motion. If the wheel or tire has treads
and the other surface is soft, then those treads provide extra
friction known as traction.
Fluid Resistance
Fluid resistance refers to the forces a fluid places on a
moving object in the opposite direction to the movement, also
known as drag.

Drag is the force created by a fluid to resist the motion of an


object through it. At the rear of the object there is another
change in pressure, this time a decrease in pressure.
Sample Problems
1. A 2000 kg car travels at the rate of 100 km/hr in 10 s. What is the
force exerted by the car?

2. How do a 1000 kg object accelerate if a force of 2000 N was


applied to it?

3. A 500 N force was used to accelerate an object at 2 m/s2.


What is the mass of the object?

4. A 2000 N object in a horizontal surface was pushed by a 1500


newton force. Find the frictional force, the normal force,
mass of the object and the coefficient of friction.

5. A 2000 N object in an inclined surface 30 degrees from the


floor was pushed by a 1500 newton force. Find the frictional
force, the normal force, mass of the object and the
coefficient of friction.

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