Past Year's Questions

This section contains selected Questions fronm last 5 vears' Roard Exams
Roard Exam papers including from 2024 to 2019. Different sets of
compartment papers are covered here.
Chort Answer lOuestions (Q.Nos. 1-17)
10. Show that tan' 0+ tan' =sec 8- sec'
1. Evaluate cos 45°+ sin60 (cesE 2020|
sec 30°+ cosec 30°
(CBSE 2024] 11. Given 15 cot A= 8, find the values of sin Aand
45°-tan'ate (CasE 2020]
2. Evaluate Sec sec A.
sin' 450
(CBSE 2024) 12. Prove that 1+ tan A 1+ cot cosec A + sec A
5tan 60° 2sin A 2 cos A (CBSE 20201
3. Evaluate
(sin 60 + cos 60°) tan 30° I+ seco- tan9 1- sin0
13, Prove that
(CBSE 2024) 1+ sece + tan cos (CBSE 2020)
4. Prove that
sin sin0
(cosec 0- sin) (sec- cos 0) (tan0+ cot0) =1 14, Prove that
cot + cosec
=2+
cot0 cosec 0
(CBSE 2024] (CBSE 2020, 2019)
5. Ifa cos 0+ bsine = m and
asin -bcos = n, 15. Evaluate sin 60° +2tan 45° - cos30°
then prove that a+b = m² +n?
[CBSE 2023] (CBSE 2019)
6. Prove that
16. If sin A= calculate sec A.
|sec A-1 |sec A+1 [CBSE 2019]
sec A
+ 1 Ysec A-1 =2cosec 17. If cosece(l +cos 0) (1- cos 0) = k, then find the
(CBSE 2023)
7. The rod AC of a TV disc antenna is fixed at right value of k. [CBSE 2019)
angle to the wall AB and a rod CD is supporting
the disc as shown in below figure. If AC = 1.5 m Short Answer Il Questions (Q.Nos. 1-19)
long and CD =3 m, then find
(i) tan 1. Prove that Sin6-2sin' = tan0
(i) sec 0+ coseco [CBSE 2020) 2cos'-cos [CBSE 2024]
2, Prove that Sin A+ cos A, sin A- cos A
sin A- cos A sin A+ cos A

2sin' A-1 [CBSE 2024]

D 3. Prove that 1+ sec A sin A
sec A 1- cos A [CBSE 2023)
4, Ifsin0+ cos@ = pand sec® + cosec® = q, then
Wal
prove that qp - ) = 2p. (CBSE 2023]
8. Ifsin A+ sin² A=l then find the value of the
5. Prove that
expression (cos A+ cos A). [CBSE 2020)
tan0 cot0
cot'a =1+ sec0 cosec0
9. Prove that 1+ COSec 1- cot 1- tan [CBSE 2023)
1+ cosec o [CBSE 2020j
6. Prove that
1+ cot'0
= cOSec 0 tan A tan A
1+ cosec 0 [CBSE 2019) -2 cosecA
1+ sec A 1-sec A [CBSE 2023, 19)
 Checkmate MATHEMATICS
lf sine cos, then prove that 18, Find Aand Biff:
tan8 cte sin(A +2B)
& rove that
(CBSE 2020)
cos(A + 4B) = 0, where A
19. If
and B =3/I2are and
en' s'e)- sin'e+ cos'e) +1=0 tanx = ntan y and
sinx
prove that cos x=. m -1 =msin
(CBSE 2020) y
cot8+ cosece-1 l+cose
& hove that
cotecosec 0+ 1 sin0 n'-1
(CBSE 2020)
1 li ine cos8 = v2. prove that tane+ cot0 = 2 Long Answer
1. Ifl+ sin =3 sin8 cos 8, then prove that
(CBSE 2020) 1. (i) Questions (Q.Nos. 1
Prove that
Jsec'0 + cosec'8 = tan + cot
tan® =lor
12. Prove that (sin 8+ cosec 0) + (cos + sec )²
[CBSE 2020)
(ii) Evaluate cos 45°
sec 30° +
tCBSE 2023 Comp
-7+ tan+ cot0 2. If x sin 0 + y cosec 30°
(CBSE 2019]
13. Prove that x sin = y
cos 0, cos=sin
prove
cos 0 and
1+ cot A- cOsec A) (1+ tan A + sec
that x + y -1
A) =2 3. Prove that [CBSE 2023, 19,
[CBSE 2019] 1+ sin 0 1- sin 9
Coripa
14. Prove that SIn A- cos A+1
4
sin A+cos A-1 sec A - tan A
I- sin 1+ sin 9 tan 0 sec 0

15. Prove that [CBSE 2019] 4. Evaluate (CBSE 2023 Compat

tan 60° + 4 sin
tan A 45° +3 sec 60 +5 cos² 90
cosec'A 1 cosec 30° +sec 60° -
tan A-1 sec'A - cosec²A cot 30
1-2 cos²A
If tan 9+ sin = [CBSE 2023 Compertngr
[CBSE 2019] m and tan - sin =
n, then
16. Ifsec 8=x+x # 0, find the show that (m² -n')=4 Vmn.
4x' value of
(sec + tan ). 6. If in an acute (CBSE 2023 Compartme
(CBSE 2019) angle
AABC, sec (B + C- A) =2
1. Prove that lan8 +Cot and tan (C+ A- B)
1-cot® 1-tang =1+ sec0 cosec 9 =ind the three angles d
[CBSE 2019] AABC.
(CBSE 2023 Compartna
 latest
Competency Based Questions
As per ExamPattern there will be 50%
have covered all types of
CBQs; Competency
uestions of competency nature, Multiple Choice
Based Questions (CBQs) in the paper. So, we
,Assertion-Reason, Case Based and Subjective
Questions,
Multiple Choice
Questions (Q.Nos. 1-20 9. cot0
sin' 4
is equal to (cBSE 2023 Comprtmont
0
1. Ilcos and sin o = then tan(8+) is (a) 1 (b) 2 (c)-2 (d)-1

1 (CeSE 2024] 10. 2cos(1+ tan' 0) is equal to

(a) v3 (b) [CBSE 2023 Compartmantl
(c) 1 (d) not defined
(a) 0 (b) I (c) 2 (d) 3
2. lfsina =and cosß =3 ,then tana tanß is 11. (see'e-)(-cosec') is equal to
2 (CBSE 2023 Compartment
(CaSE 20241 (a) 1 (b) -1 (c) 2 (d)-2
(a) N3 (c) 1 (d) 0 12. If sin@ = cos0, then the value of tan' 8+cot8 is
cos
(CBSE 2020 Compartiment
3 in
sin' 8 sin' simplified form, is (a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 1
3
[CBSE 2023)
(a) tan'0 (6) see*0 (c) 1 (d)-1 13. Iftan®=0, then the value of sin8 + cos is
4. lf0 is an acute angle of a right angled triangle, (CBSE 2020 Compartmen
then which of the following equation is not
true? (a) 1
(CBSE 2023j
(a) sin@cot = cos 0 (b) cos tan =sine (c)0 (d) not defined
(c) cosec' cot'0 =l (d) tan'e- sec'0=1 14. Given below is APOR, right angles at Q.
5. (cos* A- sin A) on simplification gives
(CBSE 2023]
(a) 2sin A-1 (b) 2sin A+1
(o)2 cos A+1 (d) 2cos A-1
then the value of SinB +cos 8.
5
0 lT tanb sin8 - cos 8
[CBSE 2023)
R

13 (Note the figure is not to scale)

What is the value of tan 0?
7 2tan 30° s equal to
[CBSE OB)
1+ tan 30° (CBSE 2023) (a PO (b) R
PQ
(a) sin60° (b) cos 60° PQ
(c) tan60° (c) (d)
(d) sin 30° RP RP
8. If sece - tan =, then the value of (seco + tan9) 15. P and Qare acute angles such that P >0. Which
3
of the following is definitely true?
[CBSE 2023)
(a) sin P < sin O (b) tan P > tan Q
4
(b)3 (d) 3 (c) cos P > cos Q (d) cos P> sin Q
 Checkmate MATHEMATICS CBSE Class 1o
140
90°, cosec 0 - cot0 and
1, Assertlon (A) For 0<0s
16. In a right-angled APQR, 2Q = 90° cosec0 + cot0 are reciprocal of
each other.
which of these is always 0?
Assertion (R) cosee' 0- cot01 (CBSE 2021
(a) cos P- sec R
triangle, if tan 9
(b) tan P- cot R
2. Assertion (A) In a right angled 4
(c) sin P-cosec R is 5 units.
the greatest side of the triangle
(d) Cannot be known without knowing the value (hypotenuse)?
of P Reason (R) (greatest side)' =
17, Ift = 45°, what is the value of =(perpendicular)' +(base)
angled at ).
sec t sin t- cosec t cos t? 3. Assertion (A) In APQR, right
l cm.
(a)-2 (b)-1 QR =3 cm and PR- PO=
(c)0 (d) None of these 189
The value of sin'R+ cosec R is 100
18, Given cot =3, what is the yalue of cos 0?
(CBSE QB] Reason (R) sin A= (sin A) and
cosec A= (sec A)
(a) ;
1 4. Assertion (A) If sin 8 =and 0is acute angle,
(b) -4 cos 0) is equal to 0.
V10 then (3 cos
3
Reason (R) As sin 0=and is an acute angle,
(d) Cannot be determined using given so must be 60.
information 2 tan 9
|1+ sin 0, 5, Assertion (A) (cos-sin0) = l- tane
is not

19. Which of these is equal to-sin

[CBSE QBJ an identity.
(a) sec 0+ tan 0 (b) sec 0- tan Reason (R) An equation involving trigonometric
(c) sec' e+ tan' 0
(d) (sec0 + tan) ratios of an angle is called a trigonometric
acute identity, if it is true for all values of angles
20. In a right angled triangle, there is an
12 What is the value of involved.
angle p such that tan p = 6. Assertion (A) If cos A + cos A =1, then
sec(90°- p)? (CBSE QB) sin A+ sin A= 2
5 d213 Reason (R) 1- sin A= cosA, for any value of A.
(b)p (c)3 sin - 2 sin'
7, Assertion (A) 2 cos0- cos = tan 0, where is
Assertion-Reason (Q. Nos. 1-8) acute angle.

Directions (Q. Nos. 1-8) consist of two statements, Reason (R) For acute angle A, tan A =SnA and
cos A
Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions sin A+ cos A= 1.
selecting the appropriate option given below.
Reason is 8. Assertion (A) The value of
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and 60 N3
the correct explanation of Assertion tan 20° tan
but Reason is 3 3
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true,
of Assertion
not the correct explanation Reason (R) For an acute angle 0,
false
(c) Assertion is true, but Reason is
Reason is true
(d) Assertion is false, but
Introduet to Trigonometry
141

Case Based Questions (Q.Nos. 1-3)

Caso 3] Shown below is the rough figure of the side
oe1Ashu
cat
is feeling so hungry and so thought to view of a proposed water slide which has to be
constructed in a water park.
foundsomething.
He looked into (CBSE Q9)
some bread piece. He the fridge and
sandwich. He cut the decided to make a
piece of bread diagonally Side 1
andd found that it
forms a right
angled G Flat part F
with s sides 3/3 m, 9 m, and 643 m.
triangle,
Slie 2
36m

6V

(Note the figure is not to scale)

(take 2 = 1.4, V3 = 1.7, wherever required.)
Based on the above
information, answer the
following questions.
Based on the above information, answer the
following questions.
(i) The value of 2Cis (1) What should be the measure of the angle
(a) 30° (b) 45° (c) 60° betwe slide 2 and ground if the length of
(ii) The value of sin A+ cos Cis (d) 90°
AB is 1.2/3 m?
(a) 0 (b) 1 (a) 30° (b) 45° (c) 60 (d) 90°
(c); (ii) What should be the value of tan AGB, if the
(ii) The value of tan C+ tan' Ais length of slide 2 is 6 m?
1 4 3
(a) 3 (a) (c)
(iii) If slide 1 makes an angle of 150 with the flat
Case 2\ Tarun and his father go to meet his friend part and FD =8.5 m, what is the height of
Jeetu
cetu. When they reached to Jeetu's place, Tarun the top point of slide 1 from the ground
saw the roof of the l which is triangular in (EC)?
shape. If he eiimagined the
dimensions of the roof
as given in the figure, then answer the following (a) 5 m (b) 8.6 m (c) 10 m (d) 12.1 m
(iv) What should be the length of slide 2 if the
questions. angle between slide 2 and ground is 30?
(1) Find the value of ZA, (a) 4.24 m (b) 5.04 m
(c) 6.12 m (d) 7.2 m
(v) If 2GAB = ZEFD and ZAGB = ZFED, which
6V2m/ 6V2m of these is equal to sec ZGAB?
(a) cos EFD (b) cos AGB
A
(c) cosec ZFED (d) cosec ZEFD
-12mmid-point
Subjective Ouestions (Q.Nos. 1-11)
1. Find the value of 0 for which the below
(a) 30° (b) 45° (c) 60° (d) 90°
(ü) The value of sec'C-lis equal to
statementnt- isbu
J3 tan
true?
cot 45°
is an acute angle.
.Show your work. (CBSE OB)
(a) 0 (d) 1 2. In the figure below, ABCD is a rectangle.

(ii) The value of tan 45° -1,

tan' 45° +1
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) -1
12cm
142 CheckmatE MATHEMATICS CBSE Class10
(Note the figure is not to scale)
Find the length of BC and AC. Show your work.
(CSSE QB)
3. 2sin3A=3, where 34 is an acute angle. Find the
value of A Show your steps.
4. Shown below is a glass prims. When a ray of
light enters the prism, it refracts inside the
prism as shown,
(Note the figure is not to scale)
Find
() length of AB.
(ii) sin 37°
Show your work.
(Note take cos 37° =0.8) (CSSE OB)
If the refractive index (R) of the above prism is 9. Consider the statement given below.
sec 45° and the angle of refraction (R) is 30,
then find the angle of incidence (). Show your In a right triangle, the value of cos A=2 for
work. some acute angle A.
(CBSE QB)
Is the statement true or false? Give a valid
Note refractive Index = Sin I reason. (CBSE OB)
sin R.

V3 10, Shown below is a right angled APOR. (CBSE GB)

5. sin(A + B)= 2
and sin(4 - B) =where Aand
Bare acute angles. Find the value of A Show
your steps. 4x units
2xunits
6. Prove that
sin' 70 - sin' 10 = cos² 10°-cos² 70°
(CBSE QB) 213x units R
7. What is the value of sin' 0 + sec 8 + cos 0
(Note the figure is not to scale)
-tan 6, where is an acute angle? What is measure of 2QPR? Show your work.
Show your work. (CBSE QB)
11. Prove that
8. In a AABC, LC is 37° and CB =20 cm as shown
below. (1+ tan x+ sec x) = 2(1 + sec x) (sec x+ tan x)
[CBSE QB)
 Answers &Explanations
Past Year's Questions On substituting all the values in Eq. (i), we get
5x\3
Short Answer
1Ouestions (Q.Nos. 1-17)
1. We know that (-O =5/3x3 =15
sin 60° sec 30° 4. To prove, (cosec 8- sin 0) (sece-cos0)
and cosec 30° = 2
(tan6 + cot 8) = 1
LHS = (cosec 0-sin 0) (sec0-cos 0) (tan 0+ cot 0)
cos 45°+ sin 60°
1,V3 2+ V6
sin6, cos
Now, - N2 2 2/2 sin9lcos cossin8
sec 30° + cosec 30° 2
t2 2+ 2/3 sin 0
cosec A= 1 .sec A= I

3(2+v6)23+VI8
2/2(2+ 2/3) 42+4V6 tan A =
sin
sin A

cos ACot
A=
cos A
cos A
sin A
2/3+342_2/3 +3/2 4V2-4/6 1-sin'0 1-cos'e sin'0+ cos'e
42+ 4V6 4/2+464/2-4V6
sin 8 cos cos sin0
8V6-8/18+12x2-12/12 cos sin0
32-96 sin 0 cosA eose sin 8
8N6-24v2+24-24V3 [: sin' A+ cos' A=l 1-cos' A=sin' A
-64
and 1-sin' A= cos A]
-V6+3/2-3+38 =l=RHS Hence proved.
8
+V2-43+3)+ W3(-V3+3) 5. Given, a cos e + bsin8 = m ... ()
8 and asin 8- b cos0 = n ... (ü)
To prove a'+b =m'+n'
-Va+ 3X/2+ 5) On squaring both sides of Eqs. (i) and (iü), we get
8
cos 45° + sin 60° (3+3XW2+3) a' cos'0 +b'sin'0 +2ab cos@sin0=m² ... (iii)
sec 30 + cosec30° 8 and a' sin' e+ b' cos'0 - 2ab cos @sin® =n ... (iv)
On adding Eqs. (ii) and (iv), we get
2. We know that sec 45° =2, tan 45°=1 alcos'0 + sin'0) +b'(sin'0 + cos 0) =m' +n
and sin 45° a'+b' =m' +n [: cos' A+sin' A1)
Hence proved.
Now, on putting all the values in the given expression, 6. We have, LHS = sec A-1 sec A+ 1
we get Y
sec A+ 1 sec A-1
sec A -1 + sec A + 1
J(sec A+ )(sec A-1)
( 5 tan 60o
2 2
2sec A
/see A-1
..()
ove ein2 60 cos 60°) tan 30° 2sec A
: sec'0 - tan'0 =1]
We know that Vtan A
2sec A2x .cos A
tan 60° =3, tan 30° =sin 60° =2 tan A cos A sin A
=2 cosec A

and cos60 = =RHS Hence proved.

144 Checkmate MATHEMATICS CBSE Class lo
7. Given, AC = L5 m and CD =3 m 11, Given, 15 cot A =8
8 Base( AB)
cot A =15 Perpendicular (BC)
Let AB =Sk and BC = 15k

15
B
Wall

B
In right angled ADAC, use Pythagoras theorem, 8k

CD =AD' +AC = (3} = AD +(15 In right angled AABC. use Pythagoras theorem,
AD =9-2.25 ’ AD =675
AD = 2.6 m (approx)
AC= (AB)F +(BCF =(sA +(15kF
=641 +225k =289kF =17k
[take square root on both sides)
) tane =Perpendicular_ AC_ 15 15 BC_ 15k15
Now, sin A= AC 17k 17
Base AD 2.6 26
Hypotenuse AC_17k 17
(ii) sece +cosec@ypotenuse and secA=
Base Perpendicular AB Sk
1+ tan A 1+ cot
+cosAAcOsec A+ sec A
CD CD33_3030 12. To prove
2sin A
AD AC 2.6 1.5 26 15
sin A
450 +780_123041 LHS l+ tan A l+ cot A 1+
cos A sin A
390 390 13 2sin A 2 cos A 2sin A 2cos A
8. Given, sin A+ sin A=1 .(i) sin 0 = cos e
sin A =1-sin A
tan@ =cos e and cot
sin@

sin A= cos A ...i) sin A + cos A sin A + cos A

2sin A cos A 2sin A cos A
: sin'8+ cos' =1= cos'8=1-sin6] 2(sin A + cos A)
On squaring both sides, we get 2sin A cos A
sin A = cos A sin - cos A 1 1
cos A+ cos A=sin A +sinA sin A cos A sin Acos cos A sin
[from Eqs. (ii) and (ii)) = sec A+ cosec A = RHS Hence proved.
(from Eq. ()] 13. To Prove
1+ sece-tan0 1-sine
cota sec8 + tan 8 cos
9. To prove 1+ cOSeca
1+sece-tan 8
1+ coseca
LHS =
(cosec'a -) +sec@ + tan8
LHS =1+ cocot a =l+ (see0- tan 8) + (sec8 -tan 0)
1+ coseca 1+ coseca
1+ sec8 + tan @
[: cosec-cot'0 =1 cot' =cosec'9 -1]
zl (coseca +1)(coseca-1) (:l=sec'A-tan A]
(1+ coseca) (sece- tan 0) (sece+ tan
0)+(sece-tan0)
(: a'-b =(a+ bXa - b)) (1+ sece+ tan 8)
=1+ coscca -1=coseca = RHS (sece - tan 6)(sece + tan@ + 1)
(1+ sece+ tan e)
Hence proved.
= Sec8- tan &
10. To prove tan 0+ tan'=sec' -sec' 8 1 sin e
LHS = tan 0+ tan'0= tan' e(tan' 0+ 1) cos cos
=(sece-1) (sec 0) 1 Sin A
[ sec A-tan' A=| tan' A=sec'A-) Cos& and tan 4
cos
=sec 8- sec'0 1-sin8 RHS
= RHS Hence proved. cos 8 Hence proved.
Introduction to Trigonometry 145

sin9
14. To prove cot9+ cosec0 =2+ sin9
In right AMBC, use Pythagoras theorem,
cot0-coscc8 AB =(AC-(BCY =(4ky -(34
LHS = sin 0 sin 0
cot 0+ cosecB cos0 J16k -9k-7R=vTk
+
sin@ sin 8
Now, sec A=Hypotenuse
cot A=Cos A
-and cosec A = 1 Base
sin A sin A AC 4k
sin 0 sin0 AB J7k 7
cos8+ I 1+ cos 9
sin 9 17. Given, coseco(1+ cos0)(1 - cos)=k
1-cos 0 cosec9 (1'- cos'0) =k [::(a+ bXa-b) =a'-b']
1+ cose coseco xsin'e =k [::1-cos' A =sin' A]
: sin' A+ cos' A=1 sin' A=
l-cos' A]) xsin'e =k cosec A=I]
(1- cos)(1+ cos e) sin'0 sin A
1+ cos 9
k=1
: (a'-b)=(a-b) (a+b)] shont Answer |I
=1-cos
sin A
...) Ouestions (o.Nos. 1-19)
RHS =24 sin -2sin' sin 0(1 - 2sin 0)
cot 6+ cosecO 1. LHS : 2cos'0- cos 8 cos 8(2cos'-1)
sin 0
=2+
cos 0 sin 0[1 - 2I- cos'0)]
sin 0 sin f cos (2 cos²0-1)
cos Aand
cot A= sin 1 | [:sin' A+cos' A=1 sin' A=1- cos' A]
A cosec A sin A sin 9(1- 2+ 2cos'0)
=2+ Sine,1- cos'0 cos 0 (2 cos²-1)
cos-1 (cose-1)
sin 9(2cos' e-1)
[: cos' A+sin' A=l sin' A=1-cos' A] cos 0(2 cos' 0-1)
-2+-cos 8) (1+cose) sin 8 = tan =RHS sin
(cos8-1) [" tan A=
cos A
[:a-b²=(a-b)(a+ b)] Hence proved.
=2-(1 + cos )=1- cos .(ii) 2. IHs-SIn A + cos A , sin A- cos A
:From Eqs. () and (ii), we get sin A- cOs A sin A + cos A
LHS= RHS Hence proved. (sin A+ cos A) +(sin A- cos A
15. We have, sin' 60°+ 2tan 45°- cos' 30° (sin A- cos A)(sin A + cos A)

sin' A+2sin Acos A+cos' A+sin' A

-2sin Acos A+ cos A
sin' A - cos' A
E: sin60° =an 45° =l and cos 30°=
[: (at by =a'+b't2ab
=2xl =2 and a²-b' =(a+ bXa-b)]
16, Given, sin A =A3_BC
AC
2sin' A+ 2cos A_2(sin' A+ cos A)
sin A - cos A sin A - cos A
2 2
sin' A- cos A sin' A-(|-sin' A)
[: sin'0+ cos²0 =1’ cos²0=|-sin'0]
2
sin A-1+ sin' A
B
=RHS Hence proved.
Let BC=3k andAC= 4k where k is constant. 2sin A-1
146 Checkmae MATHEMATICS CBSE Class lo
6. We have,
3, LHStsec A 1+
tan A tan A
sec A LHS =
1+sec A 1-sec A
cos A
sin A sin A
cos A+I
x cos A = Cos A +1 ..) cos A
cos A cOSA
RHS: |-sincosA A 1- cos' A [sin'0 + cos' 1] cos A cos A
1-cos A sin and cos = ]
(1+ cos A) (1 - cos A) tan9 =
1+ cos A cos0 sece
1- cos A ...ii)
sin A sin A sin A
sin A
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get 1+ cos A cos A-1 1+ cos A 1-cos A
LHS = RHS 1-cos A +1+ cosA
Hence, proved. - sin A
4, Given. sin 0+ cos8 =p ... i) (1+ cos A)(1- cos A))
and sin A(2) 2sin A 2
sec8 + cosec 0=4 [:: sin'9+ cos'=|]
1, 1 1-cos A sin A sin A
cos sin 0 =2 cosec A sin 0 :
sin + cos9
sin 0 cos 0 ... (ii) cosec®
On
=RHS Hence proved.
squaring Eq. (), we get
7. Given, sin + cos =/3
(sin 0+ cos 0 p
sin 0+ cos*0 + 2sin cos =p On squaring both sides, we get
1+ 2sin 8 cos =p (sin 9 +cos 0) =(V3)
: sin' A+ cos' A=1 sin'0 + cos'0 + 2sin 9cos =3’1+ 2sin 9cos =3
On subtracting 1 from both the sides, we get [:: sin' A+ cos' A=1]
2sin cose =p' -1 2sin 8cos =2 sin 0 cos =1
On multiplying Eg. (ii) by 2, we get sin 0 cos = sin0 + co_
Xsin 8+ cos0) =q (p'-1) [:l=sin' A+ cosA
2p =q(p'-1) [from Eq. ()) sin 0 + cos'0
sin 9 cos 0 [divide by sin 8cos8)
Hence proved. I Sin8 cos0
3. We have, LHS= lan 6 cot 6
cos 0 sin 0
1-cot |- tan l=tan 0+ cot
Hence proved.
tan 8 8. To prove 2(sin'0 + cos0)-3 (sin0+ cos
+Lan 0)+1=0
1 1- tan 0 tan A LHS = 2(sin 0+ cos0) -3%sin" 0+ cos0) +1
tan 0 =2[(sin' e +(cose]-3(sin0+ cos* e)+1
tan0 1- tan'0 - 2[(sin e+ cos² 0){(sin' 0) +
tan -1 tan 0 (1- tan 0) tan 0(1 - tan 0) (cos0)
-sin' cos0)]-3(sin 0 + cose) +1
(1- tan 9) (1+ tan + tan'0) [:a+b' =(a+b)\a +b-ab))
tan 0 (1- tan 0) =2[\sin0+ cos0-sin cos'e)]
sec-0+ tan 0 -3(sin" +cos 0)+I
tan 9
[:1+ tan' A =sec A]
= 2sin
sin* A+ cos' A=)
sec'0
tan 9
+1
cos 0 0-3sin0+2 cos 0-3 cos e
COs sin
- 2sin' 0 cos'0 +1
cos A 1 , tan A = sin A |
=-sin0- cos - 2sin' cos0+1
sec A cos A =-(sin' 0+ cos* 8 + 2sin'0 cos 0) +1
= seco cosec0 + 1 =-[(sin'0) +(cos0) + 2sin'e cos'0]+1
={(sin'0 +cos'0))+ 1
rsin A cOsec A
and cos A=
sec A (: a + b+ 2ab =(a+
=-(1) +1 b})
RHS Hence proved. sin A+ cos' A=l
=-1+1=0= RHS
Hence proved.
Introduction to Trigonometry 147

9. To prove ocosece1 cos0

cot0- cosec01 2tan'6-2 tan 9-tan 0+I0
sin 0
2tan (tan-1)-1(tan-1)-0
cot e- cosece+1 (2tan 8-1D(tan 8-1) 0
2tan-1 0 or tan 6-10
(cote cosec 0)-(cosec' - çot' 0)
cot 0-cosec e+I tan 9: or tan-1 Hence proved.
2

( cosee'A - cot' A ] 12. To prove (sin e+ coscc e(cos 6+ sec 8)

(cot 8+ cosec @) -(cosec + cot 0)
=7+ tan'0+ cot'8
(cosee 0-cot 0)
cot cosec0+| LHS =(sin 9+ cosec 0) +(cos +sec e)
=sin' 0+ cosec 0+ 2sin8 cosec 8
(cosec e+ (:a'-b =(a-bXa +b) + cos' 0+ sec 9+ 2cos e
cot0)[1-(cosec-cot
cot -cosec 0+l
0) (:(a+ b} no'+b'+ 2ab)
(cosec 8+ cote)1- cosec@+ cot - (sin' 0 + cos' 0)+ (1+ cot'0)
0)
cot cosee 9+1 + 2sin9 +(1+ tan'0) + 2cos 8
sint
= cosec 0+ c o t A , cos e 'A =1+ tan' A.
[: cosec'A =1+ cot' A.
sin9 sin E
cosec A= sec A=
cosec A
1 cos A. sin A
cot A =
sin A sin A
1+ cos8 =1+1+ cot+ 2 + 1+ tan' 8 + 2
-RHS
sin e Hence proved. : sin' A+cos' A=1]
=7+ tan0+ cot'e
10. Given, sin 0+ cos =2 -RHS Hence proved.
On squaring both sides, we get
13. LHS =(1+ cot A- cosec A)(1 + tan A+ sec A)
(sin8 + cos 0) =(V2)
sin'e + cos'0+2sin@ cos =2 =1+ tan A+ sec A+ cot A + cot Atan
: (a+b) =a'+b'+ 2ab] + cot Asec A -cosecA - cosec Atan A
- cosec A sec A
1+ 2sin 8 cos =2
=1+ tan A + secA+ cot A +1+ cosec A
: sin' A+ cos' A=1]
2sin cos 0= 2-1 -cosec A-sec A- cosec Asec A
1
2sin @cos =1 : cote sece CosB =cosec
sin 8 cos 8
2sin cos0 = sin0+ cos'0
sint
cosece tan 0:
(:1=sin' A+ cos² A] sine cos e =sec8)
sin'0 + cos'0 sin A , cos A
25 -2+
sin 0 cos cos A sin A cos A sin A
[divide both sides by sin 9 cos0] 2cos A
sin A+ sin A+ cos A-1
sin 8 cos0 cos Asin A
2=
cos 0 sin0 2cos Asin A +1-1
[: cos'+ sin' 0 =1)
2= tan 0+ cot0 Hence proved. cos Asin A
2cos Asin A_) RHS
1. Given, 1+ sin'0=3sin 8cos 0 cos Asin A
Hence proved.
On dividing both sides by cos0, we get A-cos A +1
14, LHsSin
cos
sec'0+ tan'A Ssin 8 sin A + cos A-1
cos
[divide numerator and denominator by cos A]
: cos A = and tan A: sin A tan A -1+ sec A tan A +sec A-1
sec A cos A
(1+ tan' 0)+ tan'0=3 tan tan A +1-sec A tan A -secA+1
(tan A + sec A)-1](tan A -sec A)
(: sec' A- tan' A=1 sec'A =l+ tan' A]
2 tan' -3 tan 9 +1=0 [(tan A -sec A) +1](tan A -sec A)
2tan'e -(2+ 1) tan 0+1 =0 [: multiply both numerator and denominator by
(by splitting the middle term (tan A -sec A))
148 Checkmate MATHEMATICS CBSE Class lo
(tan A- sec A)- (tan A-sec A)
(tan A-sec A + 1)-(tan A -sec A) sec 0+tan 9=x+- 4x,
-|-tan A+ secA
(tan A- sec A + D((an A-sec A) =*+-+
4r 4x

1
:l+ tan'e =sec' 0] 4x 2
tan A -sec A Hence proved. tan 9 cot 0
sec A- tan A 17. LHS =
15. LHS tan' A coseeA 1-cot 0 1- tan 0
tan A-1 see' A- cosec-A sin 0 cOS

sin
sin A
cOs Sin
cosA
A SinA 1.
sin' A sin cos
-1
1
cos A cos² A sin' A tan A= sin A cot A Cos A|
sin A cos A sin A
cosA sin- cosA A sin cos 0
sin A -cos A sin A
cos +
Sin t
cos A sin' A cos A sin 0- cos 0 cos - sin 6

sin A 1 sin' A cos A sin 0 cos 0

sin A - cos A sin A sin A-cos A sin 0 sin 0 cos 0 cos
x
sin' A cos² A cos 9 sin0- cos 0 sin 9 cos - sin 0
sin' A-cos² A sin' A- cos² A sin0 cos*0
sin A + cos A cos 9 (sin - cos 0) sin0(sin 0- cos 0)
sin A - cos A sin'0 - cos'
cos 9 sin0(sin 0- cos 0)
sin A cos A
P: sin'0 + cos'0 =1)
(sin 9-cos 0) (sin e + cos 0 + sin 0 cos 0)
cos 0 sin 0 (sin -cos 0)
1- cos² A - cos' A 1-2 cosA -y' =(x-ylr*+ y' +y)
1+ sin 0 cos 0
[: sin'0 =|- cos' 0) [:: sin² A+ cos' A=1]
=RHS Hence proved. cos 0 sin 0
sin 0 cos 0
16. Given, sec0=x+
4 cos 8 sin 6 sin cos 8
We know that +|=1+ sec0 cosec ¬
1+ tan'0 =sec'0 cos sin 0
1 1
cos A
= sec A and
sin A =cosec A
tan' =* 16x
= RHS Hence proved.
1 18, Given, sin(A + 2B) = V3 and cos(A + 4B) =0
tan'@ =+a2
sin(A + 2B) = sin 60o
and cos(A + 4B) = cos 90
A+ 2B =60° .()
1
tan = x 4 or
--) and A +4B =90
On subtracting Eq. (i) from Eq. (ii), we get
...(i)
[taking square root)
4B- 2B =90°-60°
When tan 0 =x-
4x' we get 2B-30o
B=15°
sec ®+tan0 =x++x-=
4x
2r
On putting B =15° in Eq. (i), we get
A+2x15° =60°
When tan 8=-* we get
A =60°- 30°= 30°
 Intrroduction to Trigonometry
-----
149

19, Given, tan X=n tany

and sin x=m sin y
sin x
and m a Sin x lan =
sin 0
cos X cos y sin y cos0 3
Sin

cosA
2+ 2/s X1+ 3)
sin y ...i) V3 3
cos y
20+ 5j"x23+)
But V3-1
sin v 2V2(/5 +1) 3-1
3(V3 -1) (:(a+ b) (a -b) =a' -b'j
siny=sin x 2/2(43)-)
Now, cos' y=1-sin'y 3-/33-433_3-3 V2
2/2(3-1) 4/2 4N2
=1-sinx
=1 sinmx
m
3N2-x23N2-2-6
4x2 8
..ii)
2. Given, x sin+ y cos =sin cos ...i)
cos y sin x coS y
[from Eq. (i)] and xsin 8 =y cos 8 .(ii)
cos xsin y) cos x
(xsin 0) sin0 + (y cos 0) cos0 =sin 0 cos 0
On squaring both sides, we get
[Erom Eq. (i).)
n'=mos y +(rsin 9) sin 0 + (x sin 0) cos0
cos² x =sin 8 cos [from Eq. (ii))
[from Eq. (in)] ’xsin 8[sin'0 + cos0] =sin 0 cos 0
xsin =sin cos
n' cos' x= m-sin x [: sin A+ cos A=1]
n' cos' x=m-(1- cos *) t= cos 0
[: sin'e =1- cos' 0] From Eq. (ii), we have
n'cos* x=m²-1+ cos' x y cos e= *sin e y cos = cos 0 sin 0

(n'-1) cos² x=m-1 y= cos 0

cosrm*-1 Hence proved. +y'=cos0+sin'0 sin' A+cos' A=1]
n'-1 Hence proved.
1-sine
Long Answer Questions (Q.Nos. 1-6) 3. LHStsin 0
1-sin 0 1+sin0
1. () LHS =sec 0+ cosece (1+ sin 9) ( +sin 0) -(1- sin 0) (1-sin 8)
=J(1+ tan'0) +(1 + cot' e) (1-sin 0)(1+ sin 0)
: sec' A- tan' A=1 (1+ sin 9)-(1-sin 9)
and cosec'A- cot A =1] 1-sin
=/tan'0 +cot'0+ 2 (a-b)(a + b) = a' -b')
(1+ sin 0+ 2sin 0) -(1 +sin'0- 2sin 0)
=Jtan 0+ cot*0-+ 2 tan 9cot cos 0
[: tan A cot A =1]
: sin A+ cos' A=1)
=/(tan + cot 0) 1+ sin'9+2sin 9-1- sin'0 +2sin 9
=RHS Hence proved. cos 0
tan + cot
4 sin 4 sin 6 1
cos cos cos ¬
=4 tan 8sec
.cos 45°
(ii) We have,209+ cosec 30° A
tan 4 Sin and cos A=
cos A sec A
cosec 30° =2]
E: cos 45° =.sec 30° =and =RHS Hence proved.
150 Checkmate MATHEMATICS CBSE Class 1o

4, Wehave lan' 60° + 4 sin' 45° + 3 sec' 60°

+ 5 cos² 90 6. Given, sec(B + C- A) = 2
cosec 30° + sec 60°- cot'30° tan (C+ A -B) =
and
(V3+4x +3x(2 +5x0 sec (B + C- A) = sec 60°
2+2-(W3} and tan (C+ A-B) = tan 30
B+C-A =60°
(: tan 60° =3, sin 45° = GSec ó0° = 2 C+A-B=30°
and
cos 90° =0, cosec30°= 2, cot 30° =3] On adding Egs. () and (ii), we get
B+C-A+C+ A-B=60°+30°
3+4x+3 x4+0 2C =90°
4-3 C= 45°
Eq. (ii), we get
3+2+12 =17 On putting C= 45° in
A-B=-15° ..iü)
Also, in AABC, we have
5. Given, tan 9+ sin =m ..) A + B+C=180°
and tan0-sin 8 =n ..(i) A+B+45° =180°
On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get A+ B=135° ...iv)
2 tan =m +n On solving Eqs. (iii) and (iv), we get
m + n
tan 9 = A=60° and B=75°
1
Hence, A=60°, B =75° and C=45°
cot = ...(ii)
tan 0
On subtracting Eg. (ii) from Eq. (i), we get
Competency Based Questions
2sin 0 =m -n Multiple Choioe Questions (Q.Nos, 1-20)
sin 9:

cosec =
2
2
...(iv)
1. (a) Given, cos = Band sin =
sin 0
Since, cos = 2COs 30° >0=30
We know that
cosec'- cot =1 and sin Q= 1 sin 30°
=1 [from Eqs. (ii) and (iv)] =30°

.: tan (8+ )= tan (30° +30°) =tan (60°) =3

4 4
=1
’ tan (0+) =V3
(m-n) (m +n
2. (c) Given, sin a=5 and cosß = V3
2

4\(m-n) -n (n + n
(m+ n}-(m -n)
(m-n}(m +n)
sin a =sin 60°

a=60°
cosB = cos 30
4m+n'+ 2mm) -(m' +n'-2n)] Also,
(m -n' (m + n
B=30°
E: (A+ B} = 4' + B² + 2AB]
Now, tana tanß = tan 60° tan 30°
2mn + 2mn
4m-n (m+n) =1 =5x tan 60 =V3 and tan 30° =
16mn Therefore, tan a tan ß =1
=1
[(m -n)(m + n)] COs8 1
3. (d) Given. cos*0 -1
16mn
=1
'sin'0 sin'0 sin 0
(m'-n'y -sin 0
=-1
(m'-n' =16mn sin'e
(m'-n')= 4 Vmn Hence proved. F: sin A+ cos A =l cos A -1=
-sin' Al
troduction to TrigKOnometry 151

D, ()Given, se tan0 -
RIIS
We know thatsee0 tan'0 -1
Fiom oon (b), (Nee0 ton0(6ec0 tan0)-1

LIISs0ant-cs
Option (t) is .
Pom option (o),

LIS -coeccor'0 . ) We have, cot'0

sin' 0 sin' 0
-cot'0-cosee) cosec A
sin' 0 sin' A cos' A-|
RIS -lcosee'o -cot'0)
OpiOn (eO is tne. P: cosee'A -cot' A-|
Fom option (d),
10, (c) We have, 2cos'0(|+ tn'0)
We Anow that see' 0 tan'0 - 2(cos'0+ cos'0.tan'0)
Option () is notte, -ltan'0-se'01 sin A
- 2cos'0+ cos'o. Sl:tan A cos A
5. () We have, cos"A-sin' A cos'o
-(cos A+sin' A)(cos? A-sin' A) 2(eos'0+sin'0)
2(1)- 2 (sin' A+ cos' A 1)
[:a'- -(a+bXa-b))
-I(cos' A - sin' A) ( sin'0 + cos'0-) 11. (b) We have, (sce0-D(|-cosee'o)
cos' A-(|-cos' A)- 2cosA-I tan'0-(cosee'-)] seeA-tan' A1)
sin'0--cos'0) (tan'0) (-cot'0) (: cosee'A-cot' A 1]
5
6. (a) Given, tan0
12 tan A cot A
We knowv that tan Height
Base
From Pythagoras theorem, 12, (a) Given, sin0 cos 0
sint
cOs0
A (SK)} +(122
-25k+ 144kI69k Now, tan'0+ cot'0 tan'0+
ACm13k [neglect '-ve' sign]
sin0 M. Sk5
AC 13k 13
cose 12_ 12 13. (a) Given, tan00 y -0
and
AC 13k 13 Now, sin0 +cos0 sin 0"+ cos0°0+|l
5 12
5+12-17 [sin 0*0 and cos01)
Thus, sin0 + cos
sin0 -cos 0 13g
5 "5-12 7 14. (b) Given figure,
13 13

(a) We know that, tan 30° G

2tan 30" V3
So 1+ tan' 30*
We know that tan
0Perpendicular
2 Baso
=sin 60° QR
PO
152 CheckmaB MATHEMATICS CBSE Class ln
- - - - - - - -

15. (b) Let P =60° and Q=30° (1+ sin 0)

(:P>Q) f: cos' A+sin' A=)
cos² 0
Then,. sin 60°=sin 30°=; sin 8
2 1+ sin8
sin 60°> sin 30° cos8
= Sec0 + tan 9
cos 60= 3
cos 30= 1 =sec A and tan A SiIn A,
cos 60°< cos 30° cos A cos A
Also, cos 60° = sin 30°
20. (d) Given, p is an acute angle such that
tan 60 =3, tan 30° = 12
tan 60°> tan 30
tan p=
16. (b) In APQR, In right angled triangle, we know that
Q=90° Perpendicular
Then, sum of other two angles =180°-90 =90° tane:
Base
Suppose, P =30° and Q 60°
Then, cos P-sec R cos 30°-sec 60°
-N3 V3 -2+0
2 cos 60 2
cot 60
tan P-cot R= tan 30

tan 60° V3 By Pythagoras theorem,

P
sin P cosec R = sin 30°- cosec60° AC = AB'+ BC
2 =12+5*
2 sin6 0 0 =144+25 =169
AC=13
17. (c) sec (45° )sin(45°)- cosec(45°) cos (45°)
Now, by angle sum property of triangle, we have
=/2x-2x51-1=0 ZA+ ZB + 2C=180°
LA+ 90 + p=180°
1
: sec 45°m N2, sin 45°=
A=90°-p
sec(90°-p) =Hypotenuse
cosec 45°= 2 and cos 45o
Base
AC_ 13
18. (c) Given, cot 3 AB 12
1 1
tan 0 :
cot A 3 Assertion-Reason (Q.Nos. 1-8)
Also, we know that 1. (a) Given, cosec0-cot 8
sec 0 =1+ tan² E:sec' A- tan' A=1) Reciprocal of this expression :
1_9+1_ 10 cosece-cot0
On multiplying and dividing by coseco + cot 0, we get
9 y COScce + cot9
10 cosece cot 8 cosec 0 + cot 0
49 cosec8 + cote
:a'-b² =(a+bXa -b)
3 cosec'0-cot'
cos =t
10 = cosec8+ cote : cosec'A - cot A
=0
Hence, cos 8
2. (a) Given, tan =3
1+ sin 0)(1+ sin 0)
19. (a) We Then, greatest side
have,-sin 0)(1 + sint) -(3)' +(4
(1+ sin 9) :a-b²=(a+bXa-b)] =5 units
V1-sine
Introduction t0 Trigonometry 153

3, (c) Given, PR - PO=1

In APQR, PR =Pâ + OR! .i) Reaon tan( ]-tan 3
QR = PR- PO
For trigonometric functions, tan of an angle is not
(3 =(PR+ PON(PR - PO) linearly proportional to the angle itself.
9= PR + PO
On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get.(ii) (: PR- PQ=1] Therefore, tano)n,
PR=5 and PQ = 4 Reason is also false.
sin R PQ_4 Hence, both assertion and reason are false.
PR S
Case Based Ouestions (Q.Nos. 1-3)
Now, sin' R+cosee R= +
16 5 189 1. () (c) We have, AB = 9 m, BC =3/3 m, AC=6V3 m
25 4 100 In AABC,
Also, cosec A= (sin A! AB 9 63
. tan C=
Reason is false. BC 3/3
=3 = tan 60°
4, (c) We have, sin =sin 30° = =30° LC=60°
:. 3 cos 0-4 cos'0 3 cos 30°- 4 cos'30° G) (b) BC 3/3 1
Here, sin A=ã2
AC
and cos C cos 60°

5. (a) We have, cos0-sin0 2tan : sin A+ cos C= =1

1- tan e
AB 9
On putting =30°, we get (iii) (d) tan C= =3
BC 3/3
BC 343
LHS = cos 30°-sin' 30° = and tan A AB 9 R

2 tan 30°
2x
RHS
|- tan 30°
2. (i) (b) Given, AB =6/2 m, BC= 6/2 m, AC=12 m
Thus, LHS RHS d is the mid-point of AC.
AD = CD =6m
6. (d) We have, cos A + cos A=1 ...@)
cos A = 1- cos A=sin' A In AADB. cos A= = = c o s 45
...(iü) AB 6/2
Now, sinA+ sin A =cos A+ cos' A =1 [from Eq. ()] ZA = 45°
Also, sin A+ cosA=1, for any value of A (i) (d) In ABDC, cos C =6_1
5
Hence, reason is true.
sin - 2sin'8 sin 8(-2sin0) : sec C-1l=-=-l=2-1 =1
7. (a) 1LHS = 2cos'0- cos 8 cos 0(2 cos0-1) cos

sin [1-2X1 - cos 0)] sin' A=l- cos' A] tan' 45°-1_1-1.=0

cos (2 cos0-1) (iii) (a)
tan 45°+1 1+1
A2 cose-1) = tan RHS
= tan 0 (2 cos'e-1) 3. (i) (c) Given,

8. (d) Assertlon tan 20°= tan 0° Slide 1

tan 200.364 G

While lan600.577
3 3 Side 2
3.6 m

tan 20° 3 tan 60 A

So, assertion is false.
 MATHEMATICS
154 Checkmat CBSE Clas
angle between slide 2 and ground
In A4GB, BG= 36 m (iv) (d) Given, G
and AB = 13 m.
BG
tan A Slido2 36m

36 3
B
V3 = tan 60 BG=36 m
A= 60 In AGAB,
LGAB = 30°
Hence. the angle between slide 2 and ground 36
is 60 sin 30°:
AG
(i) (a) In AGB, BG= 36 m
| 3.6
and length of slide, 2(AG) = 6m 2 AG
AG=7.2 m
Hence, the length of slide 2 is 7.2 m.
6m 3.6 m
(v) (c) Given, ZGAB ZEFD
and ZAGB FED
In AAGB and AFED,
By using Pythagoras theorem, 2GAB = ZEFD
AG = AB' + BG' given
LAGB = LFED
AB² = AG-BG Lgiven)
=6-36
and ZB= 2D (right ange
- 36-12.96 =23.04
By AAA similarity,
AB = 48 m AAGB AFED
AG EF
Now, tan AGB
AB Then, AB FD

48 4 In A4GB,
36 3 SccGAB =AG
AB
(iiü) (b) Given, FD =85 m
and in AFED,
LEFG m150°
FE
cosec FED
Slide 1 FD
AG
G
1500
AB [from Eq. (0)
8.5 m Hence, sec GAB = cosec FED.
3.6 m
Subjeotive Ouestlons (Q.Nos. 1-11)
B 1. We have, V3 tan - cot 45 =0
We know that, 3 tan = cot 45° 3tan =1 E: cot 45° =l
2DFE + ZEFG=180°
tan = lan tan 30"
LDFE + 150° =180
ZDFE =180°-150°=30°
:tan 30°
Now, in AEFD, 0=30°
ED
which is an acute angle.
tan DFE - 2. In the given
tan 30" ED
FD
figure.
8.5
1 ED

1_ED
1.7 8.5
ED =5 m 12cm
: ABCD is a
Thus, height of the top point of slide 1 from the
ground =CD +DE =36+5=86 m .AB =CD =12rectangle
cm and BC= AD
Introoducti to Trigonometry 155
Now, in ADAC, ZD =90° and
CD
ZDAC = 60 I =45°
tan 60
AD . Hence, the angle of incidence (I) is 45°.
12
AL : tan 60 =3] 5. Given, sin(A +B) = 2 and sint A- B) =
AD 2 V3
V3 V3 sin A+B)= N32
=4y3 cm
So AD = BC = 4V3 cm =sin 60° sin 60
Also, sin 60 CD A+B=60° .)
AC
V3_ 12 and sin(A - B) == sin 30° sin 30 =
2 AC ...(ii)
A -B=30
AC-12x2 vù On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
V3
(A+ B) + (A - B) =60° + 30
=8/3 cm 24 =90o
Hence, BC = 4/3 cm
A=4S°, which is an acute angle.
and AC =8V3 cm.
6. To prove, sin 70°-sin' 10° = cos 10°- cos² 70
3. We have,
LHS =sin 70°-sin' 10° =1 - cos 70°-(1- cos² 10°)
2sin 3A =3, where 3A is an acute angle. [: cos' A+sin' A=1)
sin 3A =Y =1- cos 70°-1+ cos 10°
= cos 10°- cos 70°
sin 3A =sin 60° = RHS

7. We have,
3A =60"
60
sin' 0+sce' e+ cos'e -tan
A= 20° Rearranging the terms, we get
.A=20°, which is an acute angle. =(sin' 0+cos' 0)+ (sec'e - tan 0)
=1+1
4. Given, the refractive index (RI) =sec 45° : cos² A+ sin' A=l and secA -tan'A-1)
and angle of refraction, R=30° -2

8. Given, in AABC,
2C=37°, CB =20 cm, cos 37° =0.8
AB
tan C=
BC

tan 37°:
20
sin AB =20x tan 37o ..)
Refractive index
sin R Now, cos 37° =08
Sin /
Sec 45
sin 30°
sin I 37

sec45° =/2 and sin 30° - 20cm

/2x=sin
sin I = =sin 45° A
156 Checkmate MATHEMATICS CBSE Clas I0
On squaring both sides, we get cOs A <l
cos 37°=0.64 But V2 s1
1-sin' 37° =0.64 [:: cos² A+ sin² A=1] Hence, the statement is false.
1-0.64 =sin' 37° 10. Given figure,
sin' 37° =036
sin 37°=0.6
Now, from Eq. (i), 4x units
AB = 20 x tan 37° 2x units

- 20 x sin 37 tan A = sin A

cos 37o cos A 2N3x units
= 20 x 0.6 =15 cmn
0.8 In APQR,
Hence, length of AB =15 cm and sin 37° =06. tan ZQPR = QR
PQ
9. Given statement, cos A=2 2/3x
where, A is an acute angle. 2x
C =3 = tan 60
2QPR = 60°

11. To prove (1+ tan x+ sec x) = 2(1+ sec x)(sec x+ tan )

LHS =(1+ tan x+sec x)
: (a+b+ c =a'+ b² + c + 2ab +2bc+ 2ca
=1+ tan² x+ sec?x+2tanx+ 2sec x+ 2sec xtan x
In right angled triangle, =sec' x+ sec' x+ 2tan x+ 2sec x+ 2secx tan x
AB
cOs A = 2sec' x+ 2 tan x + 2sec x + 2sec tanx
AC
AC> AB =(2sec' x+ 2sec x)+(2 tan x + 2sec xtan x)
= 2sec x(1+ sec x)+ 2tan x(1+ sec x)
[as length of hypotenuse is greater than other two
sides in a right angled triangle] = X1+ sec x)(sec x + tan x)
AB = RHS
AC