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 Chapter 5

Multiple Choice (21) WARNING: CORRECT ANSWERS ARE IN THE SAME POSITION AND TAGGED WITH **.
YOU SHOULD RANDOMIZE THE LOCATION OF THE CORRECT ANSWERS IN YOUR EXAM.

1. When reading data from a file, the open function returns a(n) __________.
a. file object **
b. file name
c. file handle
d. file tuple

2. What function do you use to terminate a connection to a file?

a. close **
b. terminate
c. stop
d. disconnect

3. After all the lines of a file have been read, the readline method returns __________.
a. the empty string **
b. an empty tuple
c. the value None
d. a Throwback error

4. Python uses a(n) __________ as a temporary holding place for data to be written to disk.
a. buffer **
b. temp space
c. special memory location
d. list

5. When are the contents of the buffer written to disk?

a. When the buffer is full.
b. When the file is closed.
c. Both a & b. **
d. None of the above.

6. Which standard library module do you need to import in order to use the remove and rename
functions for files?
a. os **
b. file
c. path

© 2016 Pearson Education, Inc., Hoboken, NJ. All rights reserved.

 d. pickle

7. A(n) __________ is an unordered collection of items with no duplicates.

a. set **
b. file
c. dictionary
d. tuple

8. Elements of a set are delimited with __________.

a. { } **
b. [ ]
c. ( )
d. < >

9. The statement set1.union(set2) is:

a. the set containing the elements that are in either set1 and set2 without duplicates **
b. the set containing the elements that are in both set1 and set2
c. the set containing the elements that are in set1 with the elements of set2 removed
d. the set containing the elements that are in set2 with the elements of in set1 removed

10. The statement set1.intersection(set2) is:

a. the set containing the elements that are in both set1 and set2 **
b. the set containing the elements that are in either set1 and set2 without duplicates
c. the set containing the elements that are in set1 with the elements of set2 removed
d. the set containing the elements that are in set2 with the elements of in set1 removed

11. The statement set1.difference(set2) is:

a. the set containing the elements that are in set1 with the elements of set2 removed **
b. the set containing the elements that are in set2 with the elements of in set1 removed
c. the set containing the elements that are in both set1 and set2
d. the set containing the elements that are in either set1 and set2 without duplicates

12. An attempt to open a nonexistent file for input:

a. generates a runtime error **
b. generates a syntax error
c. creates an empty input file
d. none of the above

13. If a file that already exists is opened for writing:

a. the contents of the file will be erased **
b. the new data to be written will be appended to the end of the rile
c. a Throwback error will occur

© 2016 Pearson Education, Inc., Hoboken, NJ. All rights reserved.

 d. the user will be prompted for the action they wish to take

14. The default mode for opening a file is

a. reading **
b. writing
c. appending
d. deleting

15. To avoid a potential runtime error when opening files for reading or writing:
a. use the os.path.isfile function **
b. use the os.path.file.exists function
c. prompt the user for the action to take if the file does not exist
d. use the Boolean value try to check if the file exists

16. What is the output of the following Python statement?

print (set(“bookkeeper”))
a. {‘b’, ‘o’, ‘k’, ‘e’, ‘p’, ‘r’} **
b. {‘b’, ‘o’, ‘o’, ‘k’, ‘k’, ‘e’, ‘e’, ‘p’, ‘e’, ‘r’}
c. {‘o’, ‘k’, ‘e’}
d. {‘b’, ‘p’, ‘r’}

17. Each line of a CSV file is referred to as a(n) __________.

a. record **
b. tuple
c. field
d. comma field

18. Each piece of data in a CSV file record is referred to as a(n) __________.
a. field **
b. record
c. tuple
d. line

19. In a dictionary, a pair such such as “dog” : “rover” is called a(n) __________.
a. item **
b. pair
c. key
d. couple

20. Which file format stores data as a sequence of types that can only be access by special readers?
a. binary **
b. text

© 2016 Pearson Education, Inc., Hoboken, NJ. All rights reserved.

 c. CSV-formatted
d. all of the above

21. In order for Python to use functions to work with binary files, you must first import which
standard library module?
a. pickle **
b. os
c. binaries
d. osfile

True/False (23)

1. After all the lines of a file have been read, the readline method returns the value None.

Answer: false

2. You must close a file in order to guarantee that all data has been physically written to the disk.

Answer: true

3. The remove and rename functions cannot be used with open files.

Answer: true

4. Sets cannot contain lists.

Answer: true

5. Sets can contain other sets.

Answer: false

6. Elements of a set have no order.

Answer: true

7. Elements of a set may be duplicated.

Answer: false

8. Two sets are equal if they contain the same elements.

Answer: true

9. Elements if a set cannot be ordered.

Answer: true

© 2016 Pearson Education, Inc., Hoboken, NJ. All rights reserved.

10. Sets cannot be created with comprehension.

Answer: false

11. infile is a descriptive name bot not mandatory for file input usage.

Answer: true

12. An attempt to open a nonexistent file for input generates a syntax error.

Answer: false

13. If a file that already exists is opened for writing, the contents of the file will be erased.

Answer: true

14. The default mode for opening a file is writing.

Answer: false

15. Only strings can be written to text file.

Answer: true

16. The value of set() is the empty set.

Answer: true

17. The data in the fields of each record in a CSV file normally should be related.

Answer: true

18. In a dictionary, keys must be immutable objects.

Answer: true

19. It is common to create dictionaries from text files.

Answer: true

20. Dictionaries cannot have other dictionaries as values.

Answer: false

21. A dictionary is an ordered structure that can be sorted.

Answer: false

22. Dictionaries cannot be created with comprehension.

© 2016 Pearson Education, Inc., Hoboken, NJ. All rights reserved.

 Answer: false

23. Dictionary comprehension can be used to extract a subset of a dictionary.

Answer: true

Short Answer (11)

1. Complete the following function to open the file for reading and read the contents into a single
string named contents.

def readFile(file):

Answer:
infile = open(file, ‘r’)
contents = infile.read()

2. Write a Python statement to open a file called names for writing and assign it to a variable called
outfile.

Answer: outfile = open(names, ‘w’)

3. Write a Python statement to open a file called grades with the intent to add values to the end of
the file and assign it to a variable called outfile.

Answer: outfile = open(grades, ‘a’)

4. Write a single Python statement to convert the list [“spring”, “summer”, “fall”, “winter”] to a set
called seasons.

Answer: seasons = set([“spring”, “summer”, “fall”, “winter”])

5. Write a single Python statement to convert the tuple (“spring”, “summer”, “fall”, “winter”) to a
set called seasons.

Answer: seasons = set((“spring”, “summer”, “fall”, “winter”))

6. Why can’t elements of a set be indexed?

Answer: Elements of a set cannot be indexed have no order.

7. Explain the difference between a simple text file and a CSV-formatted file.

Answer: A simple text file has a single piece of data per line. A CSV-formatter file has several items
of data on each line with items separated by commas.

8. Write a Python statement to create an empty dictionary called dogs.

© 2016 Pearson Education, Inc., Hoboken, NJ. All rights reserved.

Answer: dogs = { }

9. Write a Python statement to create a copy of the dictionary called dogs into a new dictionary
called canines.

Answer: canines = dict(dogs)

10. Create a dictionary called dogs for the following data.

Eddie Jack Russell

Lassie Collie
Ping Beagle

Answer: dogs = {“Eddie” : “Jack Russell”, “Lassie” : “Collie”, “Ping” : “Beagle”}

11. Why can’t lists and sets serve as keys for dictionaries?

Answer: Because dictionary keys must be immutable objects. Lists and sets are mutable.

© 2016 Pearson Education, Inc., Hoboken, NJ. All rights reserved.

Discovering Diverse Content Through
Random Scribd Documents
The Project Gutenberg eBook of Preferred
Position
This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States
and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no
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Title: Preferred Position

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Release date: August 25, 2021 [eBook #66142]

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*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PREFERRED

POSITION ***
PREFERRED POSITION
 By Dave Dryfoos

Does your job bore you? Are you just plain

tired of working for a living? Well meet a man
from the future—who'd gladly trade places!...

[Transcriber's Note: This etext was produced from

Imagination Stories of Science and Fantasy
April 1953
Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that
the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.]
The bed woke them. "Time to get up, dears," it cooed. "Time to get
up and greet the sun ... time to get up...." Then the supporting
magnetism faded and let their mattress drift gently to the soft warm
floor.
Janet turned and opened her eyes, pouting at Les. He scowled back,
grumbled something, and rolled away. She shook his film-coated
shoulder.
"Come on, Les. Come on, you'll feel better after coffee."
"Don't want any," he snarled.
But the damage had been done. At the word "coffee" a grotesque
marionette opened the bedroom door and minced in with two
steaming cups on a tray, swinging them artfully so that they
appeared likely to spill, but didn't.
For some years, now, that dance had left Janet unamused. She was
about to say so when Les growled, "These darned dolls are a
nuisance. I wish you'd order a plain, automatic dispenser!"
"They're even more boring," Janet argued, sitting up. Her gauzy
film-dress and sleepy face made her look appealingly childlike. She
was fifty-five.
Les was sixty, with a full head of blond hair atop six and a half feet
of slim solid flesh. He sat up with the expression of an exasperated
six-year-old.
"Go away!" he told the doll. It did.
"But I wanted some!" Janet wailed. She was careful, though, not to
use the words that would cause the doll to return.
Neither did Les. He said, "Why don't we take a couple of pills and go
back to sleep till tomorrow? There isn't a darned thing to do."
"There never is," Janet said. Then noting she'd inadvertently agreed
with her husband, she quickly added, "But we can't sleep—we did
that yesterday. If we don't move around we'll practically stop eating,
and anyway the neighbors will miss us. First thing you know we'll be
accused of either a hunger-strike or immobility. Then they'll enslave
us for attempting suicide!" She sniffed in self-pity at the thought.
"Ah, honk 'em!" Les said. "Slavery'd at least be a change. And slaves
have something to do!"
"Don't talk nonsense," Janet said tartly. "You know perfectly well
they always torture slaves."
"Yeah.... But I just can't face this any longer! I've got sixty-five more
years of longevity, according to the doctors—and they're never
wrong, curse them! Sixty-five more years without the possibility of
illness, want, risk.... Even an accident is unlikely. Nothing's going to
happen in all that time! Jan, I just can't face it."
"Isn't that just like a man?" she scoffed. "You know very well I've got
seventy years to go—five still to wait before I can even have my first
child! You're just being selfish!"
They glowered at each other. Then Les rubbed her cheek with the
back of his hand, and smiled.
"Thanks, kid," he said. "You really had me going for a minute. Now I
feel better!"

Pleased with the compliment, Janet concocted an extra-fancy

combination of films to spray on herself for the morning's wear.
When it was in place, she ordered a large breakfast and arranged to
have the waiter-doll do a special dance-routine while serving.
But Les's smile had vanished with the whiskers he'd rubbed off. He
picked at his food, turned his back on the dancing, and afterward
yawned away the few minutes they spent on their apartment's
terrace, stared at by fifty thousand neighbors who lacked anything
better to do. When Les wandered idly off, Janet followed.
Les went to the living room, projected a book onto the ceiling,
switched it off without reading, played with the glowing phosphors
that lighted the room in colors he varied jarringly, fiddled with the
console of the perfume aerosol and created a stink, and then, in
sheer despair, turned on the puppet-set.
Its lighted screen listed the necessary dolls and props, so he laid
them out. Soon the three-foot stage reflected a broadcast picture of
the State Executive Office. A stringless, formally-dressed puppet sat
at a desk, its blank face a transmitted facsimile of the Governor's.
"... the last time I can make this announcement," the Governor was
saying into a hidden microphone. "The tests are to begin at noon.
Jobs are now open! I repeat: jobs are now open! Men only, of
course. But if any of you fellows out there suffer from boredom—and
who doesn't in this wonderful State of ours that by virtue of the New
Energy-Sources guarantees leisured security to each citizen—if, I
repeat, you suffer from ennui, then why not apply for a job?
"Do it now—no further vacancies will occur for years, and we have
some really desirable positions open this morning. Appointments will
be made strictly on merit, as usual, with a job for every applicant
and the best job for the top man.
"Though it's true that losers in this competition are required to
assume for life the less desirable duties that our civilization imposes,
I assure you that isn't as bad as it sounds. I was pretty far down the
list in my day, yet I only have to be Governor....
"So won't you please apply? I want a lot of competition!"

The stage darkened, and the puppet got up and walked to its box.
Before the lights could go up on the next program, Les switched the
set off.
"What do you think?" he asked Janet.
"I don't know," she said. "Nobody in my family has ever worked."
"Mine, either. But I once knew a fellow who'd tried for a job. He
seemed o.k. to me, but he sure didn't get a good one! Had a clerical
position, with business machines, and their output was geared down
to spread the work. So he didn't have enough to do ... just stacked
punched cards or something every day for eighty years!"
"Oh, you'd do better than that, dear!"
"Maybe. Point is, there are jobs worse than no job at all!"
"I'm not so sure!" Janet said, suddenly determined. "Only a few
minutes ago you weren't very happy about the idle days ahead. Why
not take a chance?"
"Take a chance? What kind of language is that? Chance went out
along with disease and poverty and crime and accidents. You're way
off base, Jan!"
"But you have a chance—oh, all right!—an opportunity, then, if you
like that better, to get a good job. Now, if I were a man—"
"But you're not.... Still ... maybe I'll try it...."
For the first time in a month or two, Janet kissed him warmly. And
after she'd helped him into his wings and seen him off from the
terrace, she felt a strange warm glow of anticipation. Not since she'd
married had there been need for a decision that could bring change
into her life. This was a Day!

It was a Day for a lot of others, too. She learned that from the noon
broadcast of the test ceremony.
"In my time," the Governor said, speaking from the Capitol's
rotunda, "in my time a hundred aspirants was considered a good
turnout. Today's applicants total a thousand! We haven't actually got
a thousand jobs lined up, but we'll get 'em! And I'm privileged to
announce, now that the list of competitors has closed, that we do
have the astoundingly large number of ten—repeat, ten—genuinely
desirable appointments to make."
Ten good jobs for a thousand applicants didn't sound to Janet like an
astoundingly large number. She'd been sprawled on a magnetically-
positioned pad half-way between floor and ceiling, but she sat up
when the Governor stopped talking, and with a twinge of genuine
and unwonted anxiety watched the long file of applicants as they
approached in turn the brain-wave analyzer, the voice-operated
sorter that would add their life-files to current test results, and the
officials who judged each man's configuration.
She wished they'd announce the test results publicly, but knew they
wouldn't. So, when Les had gone through—about twenty minutes
after the start—Janet shut off the broadcast, dissolved her dress-
films, and had herself rubbed by the massage machine. The
morning's suspense was proving too much for her, and she didn't
want to have a headache when Les came home.
But even the mechanical masseuse couldn't rub away her strange
feelings. Not since marriage had Janet felt curiosity as to the future.
What if he got so dull they never even argued about anything? She
shivered at the thought—but then she smiled. And for the next hour
Janet lay under the soothing massage and gave herself up to the
delightful new pleasure of worrying.

When Les returned, shadowing the terrace in his descent like some
portentous bird, Janet began to shake. Without even waiting to kiss
him, she said, "How was it? How did you do?"
Les grinned teasingly. "Help me moult, first," he said. "I'm tired."
Unable to get anything else out of him until it was done, she tore his
wings off damagingly, kissed him, and said, "Now won't you say
something?"
"I'm hungry!"
"No!" She danced her impatience like a little girl. "Tell me!"
But even as she pouted, her eyes sparkled in anticipation.
"I start tomorrow," he said.
"Did you get the best job?"
"Nope. No, I really didn't."
"What, then?"
"Second best!"
"Oh, wonderful! What is it?"
"Rigger and high-climber—topping trees, setting structural iron,
fixing flag-poles—that sort of thing. Powderman was first."
"Oh, rigger's wonderful!" Visions of his future work flashed across
her mind, implanted there by childhood hours spent watching other
members of this elite profession at their thrilling work. She knew
there could be broken cables, falling pulleys, snapped booms,
dropped loads—every day would have its interesting possibilities!
"My darling!" She threw her arms around him and was momentarily
silenced by his kiss.
Then she stepped back, looked admiringly up at him, and said, "Oh,
I'm so happy for you! And so proud! I'm going right in and order up
a nice big meal. I know you'll enjoy this one—it really might be your
last!"
 *** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PREFERRED
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